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The 21st century of digitalization is very influential in life such as Education which must adapt to the development of world digitalization technology. Education is carried out by involving innovation, creativity, and also motivation to update more interesting learning methods with interactive media that have been designed. History learning in particular must develop and adapt to the digital era by utilizing technology to make teaching methods the goal of an active learning process. History learning which is considered boring has a great opportunity to be able to adapt to interactive media so that passive students during learning are reduced and become active students and can understand History easily. In this study involved a teacher with 30 high school students who were the objects of the research study. The method used was descriptive qualitative which refers to observation, documents, interviews, questionnaires, and also a social science approach. The results of the study explain the low interest in History learning to many passive students due to learning methods that are not in line with the digital era to attract Gen Z's interest in History Lessons and also show the results of History learning by involving interactive media with digital technology.

This study aims to analyze the influence of policy effectiveness and efficiency on public trust and the use of the Trans Siginjai public transportation system in Jambi City. The research background stems from the low public interest in using Trans Siginjai services since its operation in 2017, as reflected in the relatively small number of daily passengers. This research employs a quantitative method with an explanatory approach. Primary data were collected through a Likert-scale questionnaire distributed to 100 respondents determined using the Slovin formula, while secondary data were obtained from official documents and local media publications. Data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) method with the assistance of SmartPLS 4 software. The results show that both effectiveness and efficiency have a positive and significant effect on public trust, while trust significantly influences the level of Trans Siginjai usage. These findings emphasize that the success of public transportation policy depends not only on operational efficiency but also on the government’s ability to build public trust through consistent and high-quality service delivery.

Negotiation is a strategic communication process in which multiple parties work to reconcile differences and reach mutually beneficial agreements through the exchange of information, interests, and viewpoints. Although traditional theories emphasize analytical elements such as developing a BATNA, crafting offer–counteroffer strategies, and employing persuasive framing, recent research underscores the growing importance of interpersonal competencies in shaping negotiation success. Through a qualitative literature-based approach, this study explores how empathy, assertive communication, and emotional regulation influence negotiation outcomes, examines their relevance in digital negotiation environments, and proposes an integrated training framework for professionals and entrepreneurs. The findings reveal that empathy strengthens a negotiator’s ability to interpret emotional cues, identify underlying concerns, and build trust, thereby minimizing miscommunication. Assertive communication supports clear expression of interests and boundaries while maintaining respect, which enhances collaborative problem-solving. Emotional regulation promotes composure and cognitive flexibility, particularly in high-pressure interactions. In technology-mediated negotiations conducted via email, messaging platforms, or virtual meetings, these skills must be adapted due to limited physical cues and higher risk of misinterpretation, requiring explicit wording and intentional emotional management. The proposed model incorporates empathy training, assertive communication development, emotional regulation practices, and digital negotiation skills to cultivate adaptive and emotionally intelligent negotiators.

This study examines the words structure of two selected songs, “Kekal” and “Di Akhir Perang”, from Nadin Amizah’s album Untuk Dunia, Cinta, dan Kotornya, with a focus on identifying and interpreting the functions of open class words and closed class words within the lyrical composition. The background of this research lies in the growing interest in understanding how contemporary Indonesian songwriters construct meaning through linguistic choices that contribute to the emotional depth of their works. The objective of this study is to analyze how open class words such as nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs contribute to semantic imagery, while closed class words such as pronouns, conjunctions, prepositions, and aspects establish grammatical cohesion and narrative continuity. Using qualitative descriptive methods, the lyrics were segmented, categorized, and interpreted based on linguistic theory to reveal the semantic and grammatical roles of each word class. The findings show that open class words dominate the emotional and metaphorical landscape of the songs, functioning as carriers of imagery, personal vulnerability, and symbolic representation of healing, love, and existential reflection. Meanwhile, closed class words serve as structural anchors that link ideas, mark relationships between clauses, and maintain narrative fluidity, particularly in expressing inner conflict and the resolution of emotional war depicted in the lyrics. The study concludes that Nadin Amizah’s lyricism is not only aesthetically expressive but also linguistically strategic, revealing a deliberate interplay between lexical creativity and grammatical precision. These findings imply that linguistic analysis can enrich the appreciation of contemporary Indonesian music and open new perspectives for future studies in stylistics, discourse analysis, and cultural semantics.

The selection of a thesis topic that aligns with students’ interests and competencies often poses a challenge in academic environments. Inappropriate topic selection can lead to decreased motivation and delays in completing the final project. This study aims to develop a thesis topic recommendation system based on a genetic algorithm that considers students’ interests and academic abilities. The data used include grades from core courses, results of research interest questionnaires, and a list of thesis topics provided by academic supervisors. Each topic is represented as a chromosome, while the fitness function is calculated based on the level of compatibility between student attributes and topics. The selection process employs the roulette wheel method, with single-point crossover and random mutation to generate an optimal solution population. The test results show that the recommendation system based on the genetic algorithm achieves an accuracy rate of 86.7%, higher than the keyword-matching method, which only reaches 71.2%. Therefore, this approach is proven effective in assisting students to determine thesis topics that are suitable, objective, and efficient.

This study confirms that brand trust and product involvement have an important role in increasing brand engagement among Kamen RareBali consumers. The analysis results show that brand trust has a significant positive effect, meaning that the higher the level of consumer trust in the brand, the greater their involvement with the brand, both through interactions on social media and product purchases. This is in line with the theory that trust in the brand is an important foundation in building loyalty and long-term relationships with consumers. Meanwhile, product involvement also shows a significant positive effect, indicating that consumers who feel more involved, interested, or care about the product tend to be more active in brand engagement . These findings indicate that Kamen RareBali needs a strategy that emphasizes improving consumer experience with the product, including through educational content, interactive promotions, and personalized services. Simultaneously, these two variables explain 63.1% of the variation in brand engagement , implying that other factors such as service quality, shopping experience, and communication strategy also influence consumer engagement. The practical implication is that companies should focus on building brand trust through positive reputation, testimonials, and transparency, as well as increasing product engagement through emotional experiences and meaningful interactions.

The current penal system in Indonesia focuses solely on the punitive nature of sentencing, without considering how to effectively reform the child offender for the better. This research employs a normative juridical method. The litigation process or juvenile justice system has been specifically regulated under Law Number 12 of 2011, which prioritizes the diversion system. In the litigation process, children's rights to grow, develop, and receive education must not be diminished. The educational penal system for children as criminal offenders has been regulated in Law Number 3 of 1997, particularly concerning the sanctions imposed on children as stipulated in Article 24 paragraph (1), which include: returning the child to their parents, guardian, or foster parent; handing over the child to the state to undergo education, coaching, and job training; or handing the child over to the Ministry of Social Affairs or social organizations engaged in education, coaching, and job training. The diversion system implemented in Indonesia differs from the diversion systems applied in other countries, where the system often collaborates with the Ministry of Social Affairs. According to Law Number 12 of 2011, diversion must be prioritized for children in order to prevent psychological harm. Obstacles in implementing educational sentencing or diversion systems for children arise when judges in Indonesia impose sentences rigidly based solely on statutory provisions, without considering the background, the best interests of the child, or the psychological impact of the decision, and without prioritizing justice for the child.

This Community Service (PKM) activity aims to assist students of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Shirojut Thalibin in understanding the adolescent development period through the perspectives of Aristotle, Comenius, and Charlotte Bühler. The mentoring was motivated by the complexity of physical, emotional, social, and spiritual changes during adolescence and the low interest of students in studying the stages of human development. The activity was carried out for one week through educational, interactive, and collaborative strategies, using participatory discussion methods, theoretical explanations contextualized with the realities of adolescent life, varied learning media, role simulations, and joint evaluation and reflection. The subjects of the activity were students of MTs Sirajut Thalibin Racek Village, Tiris District, Probolinggo. The results of the mentoring showed an increase in students' understanding of the stages of adolescent development, a higher awareness of maintaining physical and mental health, and a better ability to link personal changes with developmental tasks and life goals. Teachers and the madrasah also experienced positive impacts in the form of strengthened understanding of adolescent characteristics and adjustments to a more holistic learning approach. This activity produces scientific articles, activity documentation, and student work products, while also recommending the integration of human development material in learning and guidance programs to support the moral, intellectual, social, and spiritual development of adolescents.

Monopoli Jamaah Berkah is an educational game designed to help students understand the concepts of togetherness, cooperation, and religious values through play. The background for the creation of this game stems from the need for more interesting, interactive, and easy-to-understand learning media, especially for material related to congregations and daily religious activities. This study aims to explain the game development process, how the game works, and how it can increase student engagement and understanding. The method used is simple development research through observation of needs, creating a preliminary game design, and testing the game on a small group of students. The test results show that this game encourages students to be more active, easily understand the concepts, and be more enthusiastic about learning. In addition, the competitive elements and rules of the game proved to help students work together while continuing to learn in a fun atmosphere. In conclusion, “Monopoli Jamaah Berkah” is worthy of being used as an alternative learning medium because it is able to combine educational and entertainment elements in a balanced manner, making learning more lively and meaningful.

This study aims to identify the forms of code-mixing present in the speech videos of Vice President Gibran Rakabuming, with the KOMPASTV YouTube channel serving as the data source. This phenomenon is interesting to examine because the use of code-mixing by state officials can influence public perceptions of the use of Indonesian in formal contexts, particularly in official speeches. The study employs a descriptive qualitative approach, using the observation and note method as the data collection technique. Data analysis was conducted through several stages, namely observing, noting, and then presenting as well as describing the forms of code-switching in Vice President Gibran Rakabuming’s speech videos. The results show that the type of code-mixing that occurs is outer code-mixing, characterized by the insertion of English vocabulary. The first video contained 9 instances of code-mixing, the second video 5 instances, the third video 4 instances, the fourth video 15 instances, and the fifth video 9 instances. These findings indicate that code-mixing is a phenomenon within the field of sociolinguistics and is commonly found among bilingual and multilingual communities.

This study aims to examine in depth the relationship between parental support and early childhood learning motivation. The study used a quantitative method with a survey approach involving five sample families with early childhood children in a PAUD environment. Data collection was conducted through a questionnaire designed to measure the level of parental support, including emotional, cognitive, and material support, as well as the level of children's learning motivation. The results showed that parental support has a positive and significant relationship with early childhood learning motivation. Emotional support, such as attention, affection, and positive encouragement, helps children feel safe and confident in learning activities. Cognitive support in the form of learning assistance and intellectual stimulation encourages children to be more active and enthusiastic in the learning process. In addition, material support, such as the provision of adequate learning facilities, also contributes to increasing children's interest in learning. Overall, parental support has been shown to increase children's self-confidence, commitment, and enthusiasm for learning. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of active parental involvement in supporting children's learning processes from an early age to achieve optimal and sustainable learning outcomes.

Pancasila, as the foundational ideology of Indonesia, plays a fundamental role in shaping a democratic system and ensuring the protection of human rights based on justice. From Yusril Ihza Mahendra’s perspective, Pancasila is not merely a normative ideology but serves as a political and legal paradigm that integrates the values of divinity, humanity, unity, democracy, and social justice into the practice of governance. According to Yusril, Indonesian democracy cannot be equated with Western liberalism, which emphasizes individual freedom; rather, it is a constitutional democracy grounded in the moral and spiritual foundations of Pancasila. The values of Pancasila position human rights in a balanced relationship between rights and responsibilities, as well as between individual and collective interests of the nation. Thus, democracy and human rights, in Yusril’s view, are integralistic—citizens’ freedoms are directed toward realizing social j  ustice and order in national life. This article aims to examine Yusril Ihza Mahendra’s thoughts on the relationship between Pancasila, democracy, and human rights, and their relevance within the context of Indonesia’s contemporary constitutional system.

This article discusses the development of Digital Learning media based on Malay rhymes for high school students (SMA) with the aim of improving the competence of literary appreciation. The research was conducted using research and Development (R & D) with the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Data were collected through observation, questionnaires, and literature appreciation tests given to students before and after using digital learning media. The results showed that digital learning media Malay poem was able to improve students' understanding of the structure, meaning, and cultural values in the poem. In addition, this media makes it easier for teachers to present literary material in an interactive and interesting way, thereby increasing student learning motivation. The integration of digital media in learning also facilitates students in exploring literature more creatively. This finding confirms that the integration of digital technology in traditional literary learning can support the improvement of cultural literacy competence and literary appreciation in high school students. This innovation opens up new possibilities for engaging students with their cultural heritage in a digital era, encouraging a deeper understanding and connection with traditional arts.

Fitness center is a business or service center that provides sports services and sports facilities for its customers. The level of member satisfaction can be seen from the quality of service provided. With the professionalism provided by personal trainers, members will have their own interest in the services and ethics that personal trainers do. This study aims to determine the level of member satisfaction with the professionalism provided by personal trainers at ATLAS CLUB SPORT Surabaya. This type of research is presented using a descriptive quantitative research method with a survey approach, where the questionnaire instrument is used as support for data collection. This study uses the Servqual method to measure the level of professionalism provided by personal trainers to members. This method includes several aspects, namely tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy which are used to measure the professionalism of personal trainers. The study population was members who used personal trainer services totaling 100 people, and a sample of 25 people taken using the purposive sampling method. The results of this study indicate that the tangible aspect and the responsiveness aspect received the highest scores, namely 88% and 87%. Meanwhile, the aspects of reliability, assurance, and empathy each received a score of 86%. With the results obtained, it shows that the personal trainer of ATLAS SPORT CLUB Surabaya has provided professional quality, very satisfying service and also understands what members need.

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the role of the United States in the Cold War rivalry against the Soviet Union, spanning from the end of World War II to the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. The research focuses on the political, military, ideological, and economic strategies employed by the United States to contain the spread of communism through the implementation of the containment doctrine, the establishment of security alliances such as NATO, and economic assistance programs such as the Marshall Plan. The findings reveal that the rivalry between the two superpowers extended beyond military and structural domains, reaching into technological competition through the nuclear arms race and the Space Race, as well as geopolitical confrontations manifested in proxy wars across Asia, the Middle East, Africa, and Latin America. The theoretical framework, which incorporates perspectives from realism, liberalism, and constructivism, demonstrates that U.S. actions were shaped by a combination of power interests, ideological identity, and the pursuit of global leadership. Further analysis indicates that these strategies had a profound impact on the formation of the post–Cold War international order and continue to influence contemporary global politics. The study concludes that the involvement of the United States in the Cold War was a long-term strategic process that not only determined the direction of the conflict itself but also played a crucial role in shaping modern geopolitical structures and international relations.

The use of Islamic music, especially nasyid, as a creative learning strategy in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) plays an important role in increasing students' motivation, understanding, and appreciation of religious values. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method to describe in depth how nasyid can be used as an innovative and effective learning medium to enrich the IRE teaching process. The findings show that the application of nasyid in the teaching and learning process can create a more interesting, interactive, and enjoyable learning atmosphere. This condition has been proven to encourage active student participation, making learning activities more meaningful and memorable. In addition, nasyid effectively helps students improve their memory and ability to memorize religious material in an easier and more enjoyable way. The positive impact is not only seen in cognitive aspects but also in the overall formation of students' religious character. Through nasyid, moral and spiritual values can be instilled more deeply, naturally, and continuously in everyday life. However, this study also found several obstacles, such as limited supporting facilities and the need to develop teachers' competencies in optimally applying nasyid as a learning medium. Therefore, the use of nasyid in PAI learning can be seen as a strategic innovation that has the potential to improve the quality of religious education holistically and have a positive impact on the development of students in a dynamic and challenging modern era.  

Podorejo Village is located in the westernmost part of Ngaliyan District, Semarang City, bordering Kendal Regency. Its area is quite large compared to other villages in the district. Its population is around 10,000. Most of them make their living from farming, while others engage in trade. The area consists of agricultural land and gardens, most of which are planted with cassava. Cassava is a prominent commodity in the region, but its utilization has not been optimally optimized.Seeing the potential of the region, the Community Service team conducted entrepreneurship outreach to housewives in the area, utilizing local commodities, namely cassava, as the basic ingredient for various processed foods as an alternative business to help supplement family income. This outreach will increase the economic value of cassava, which previously only processed into chips and cassava tape. By innovating cassava processing into contemporary foods that are popular with children and ready to be sold in the market.Our community service activities included outreach on entrepreneurship, motivating women to start businesses utilizing cassava through various innovations. The activity took place on October 19, 2025, with 18 participants. They were very enthusiastic about participating. The outreach program resulted in an increased understanding of entrepreneurship and its management, skills, and interest in starting a business. Evaluation results showed an increase in understanding, exceeding 50%, after pre- and post-tests. The target output of this community service program is publication in national journals, HKI videos, YouTube, and through mass media.

This study examines the challenges encountered by auditors in evaluating the fairness of notes payable and equity accounts as part of the financial statement audit process. These accounts carry a high risk of misstatement when recognition, measurement, or disclosure does not align with applicable standards. The purpose of this research is to provide an in-depth overview of the procedures, techniques, and professional judgments applied by auditors in assessing the fairness of both accounts, including issues related to misclassification, incomplete audit evidence, and limited responses from third-party confirmations. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method through a literature review of relevant academic publications. The findings indicate that auditors frequently face obstacles such as the mixing of accrued interest with the principal amount, low confirmation response rates, and inadequate supporting documentation. These challenges require auditors to perform alternative procedures and strengthen substantive testing to obtain sufficient and appropriate audit evidence. The implications of this study highlight the need for consistent application of auditing standards, comprehensive documentation, and effective communication with clients to ensure financial statements present a true and fair view.

This community service activity aimed to foster financial literacy awareness and develop wise financial behavior from an early age through the “Early Saving Movement” socialization program for fifth-grade students of SDN Antasan Besar 7 Banjarmasin. The activity was conducted face-to-face using an interactive approach that included the delivery of educational materials, group discussions, question-and-answer sessions, simple simulations of money management, and the administration of pre- and post-activity questionnaires to measure changes in students’ knowledge and attitudes. The results of the analysis showed a significant increase in students’ motivation to save by 93% and an improvement in their understanding of the benefits of saving by 58%. These findings indicate that direct socialization methods accompanied by active student engagement are effective in enhancing elementary school students’ financial literacy and interest in simple and practical financial management. However, challenges were still found in controlling students’ consumptive behavior, which is influenced by the family environment and daily social interactions. Therefore, follow-up efforts are needed in the form of regular saving habit programs and the involvement of parents and teachers in supervising students’ financial behavior. Overall, this activity had a positive impact on shaping students’ discipline, responsibility, and financial independence from an early age.

This research is a quantitative study to determine the direct influence between perceived value, hedonic value and trust on purchase intention for the Skincare brand. The benefit of research is to prove that there is a relationship between all variables. Data collection was carried out through a survey with a questionnaire in the form of a Google form. The population in this study are consumers who know Skintific products and live in Jabodetabek, aged 18 years and over. There were 100 questionnaires collected. To test the validity and reliability using the Structural Equation Model (SEM). Based on the research results, 5 accepted hypotheses were found, namely perceived value has a positive influence on trust, hedonic value has a positive influence on trust, trust has a positive influence on purchase intention, perceived value has a positive influence on purchase intention and hedonic value has a positive influence on purchase intention. It is hoped that the results of this research can provide input for Skincare to develop and introduce their products on social media and provide information for each existing product, so that potential consumers and Skincare customers are interested in always having the intention to buy their products.