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This research aims to determine the application of the Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) model in learning to write personal letters for class VII students at SMPN 1 Gunungwungkal Pati. Based on the results of observations, there is a problem with class VII students at SMPN 1 Gunungwungkal Pati, namely that students still have difficulty using the right words and writing a message on personal letter writing material, because the learning model used by the teacher is not appropriate. This research uses mixed methods. Data collection was carried out using test and non-test techniques. The test technique is in the form of working on personal letter writing test questions, and the non-test technique is in the form of observation and questionnaires. Based on the research results, before implementing the Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) model in learning to write personal letters, teachers still used Discovery Based Learning techniques for the learning process of writing personal letters and only used Indonesian language textbooks as learning support materials. The application of the Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) model has proven that students are more active during learning. The (CIRC) model also makes students more enthusiastic and makes it easier for students to understand the material for writing personal letters.  

PERMENKO No. 1 year 2023 on Kredit Usaha Rakyat (KUR) is the foundation for the implementation of the program that supports the growth of the Micro, small, and Medium Enterprises(UMKM) sector. With the dominance of UMKM in the economic structure, the KUR program was initiated based on presidential instruction No. 6 of 2007, followed by an MoU between the government, guarantee institutions, and banks. KUR, run by certain banks, such as BRI, BNI, and Mandiri, gets unbankable UMKM. PERMENKO No. 1 year 2023 stipulates a maximum interest rate of 6%, a loan period of up to 7 years, and allows multiple loans subject to collectibility requirements. With a focus on UMKM that have difficulty accessing capital, the KUR program has succeeded in achieving effectiveness with the realization of reaching IDR 175,73 trillion as of September 2023. Although obstacles remain, such as the assumption of urbanicity and the unpreparedness of Micro business, KUR provides easier access to financing at low-interest rates, accelerating the economic growth of UMKM.

PT. Kalonika Bara Kusuma is a company operating in the mining sector located in the city of Samarinda, East Kalimantan province. To achieve maximum profits, PT. Kalonika Bara Kusuma adds or subtracts units according to the amount of turnover obtained in the previous month. However, after being evaluated, it turned out that this method was not effective. Because you only see at a glance the fluctuations in historical data. Sometimes when you have reduced units, it turns out that demand in the following month actually increases. This results in less than optimal profits because they cannot serve existing customer requests. Vice versa. This is what causes PT. Kalonika Bara Kusuma experienced difficulty in making a decision to add or subtract units. From this problem, the author created an application that can predict the amount of turnover in the next month and provide recommendations for deciding which camera units should be increased or decreased in number. To predict the amount of turnover using the Multiple Linear Regression method. After obtaining the predicted results for the amount of turnover, a test was carried out using the Mean Absolute Percentage (MAPE) with a result of 200%, which means that the Multiple Linear Regression method is not suitable to be used to predict the amount of turnover in the next period. Production forecasting is a form of decision making that is used as a basis in many manufacturing and service industries. Therefore, companies that are able to produce products on time and in the right quantities are companies that are able to survive the competition. This demand forecasting is used to forecast demand for products that are independent (not dependent), such as forecasting finished products. The multiple linear regression method is an analytical technique that tries to explain the relationship between two or more variables, especially between variables that contain cause and effect, called regression analysis. So in relation to the description above, this research aims to determine production forecasting using the multiple linear regression method at PT. Kalonica Bara Kusuma.The mining industry is a series of activities that have a long period of time and costs a lot of money, a series of industrial activities, namely mining activities which include digging, loading and hauling to obtain optimal profits from activities. One of the mining industries needs to be a study of operational costs for transportation equipment

The development of technology is currently increasingly rapidly providing convenience and benefits for humans, one example of technology that provides entertainment benefits is online games. However, online game addiction is one of several forms of addiction caused by technological developments, one of which is the internet or better known as internet addictive disorder. The objectives of this research are: 1) Analyzing online game addiction experienced by students IAIN Sheikh Nurjati Cirebon. 2) Analyze the learning achievements experienced by IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon students. 3) Analyzing the influence of online games on the learning achievement of IAIN Syekh Nurjati Ciebon students. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. The data collection technique applied in the research was interviewing 5 students and distributing questionnaires which were filled in by 15 students. The results of this study show 1) Most respondents (50%) had difficulty stopping playing online games, while 33.3% admitted that they had fairly good control but still felt interested in continuing to play. 2) Effective learning can help pupils and students to achieve learning goals. 3) It can be concluded that 37.5% stated that they do not like playing online games, because they have a very bad effect on learning. In the same percentage, 37.5% stated that they did not agree with online games, but did not provide clear reasons. It can be concluded that the research shows that the majority of respondents have difficulty stopping playing online games, while effective learning can help achieve learning goals, and around 37.5% of respondents stated that they do not like or disagree with online games because they have a bad effect on learning, although some of them they didn't give a clear reason.    

The development of technology is currently increasingly rapidly providing convenience and benefits for humans, one example of technology that provides entertainment benefits is online games. However, online game addiction is one of several forms of addiction caused by technological developments, one of which is the internet or better known as internet addictive disorder. The objectives of this research are: 1) Analyzing online game addiction experienced by students IAIN Sheikh Nurjati Cirebon. 2) Analyze the learning achievements experienced by IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon students. 3) Analyzing the influence of online games on the learning achievement of IAIN Syekh Nurjati Ciebon students. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. The data collection technique applied in the research was interviewing 5 students and distributing questionnaires which were filled in by 15 students. The results of this study show 1) Most respondents (50%) had difficulty stopping playing online games, while 33.3% admitted that they had fairly good control but still felt interested in continuing to play. 2) Effective learning can help pupils and students to achieve learning goals. 3) It can be concluded that 37.5% stated that they do not like playing online games, because they have a very bad effect on learning. In the same percentage, 37.5% stated that they did not agree with online games, but did not provide clear reasons. It can be concluded that the research shows that the majority of respondents have difficulty stopping playing online games, while effective learning can help achieve learning goals, and around 37.5% of respondents stated that they do not like or disagree with online games because they have a bad effect on learning, although some of them they didn't give a clear reason.    

Researchers conducted research at SDN 04 Birugo based on the difficulty of slow learner students in understanding the lessons being taught. Slow learner children have difficulty reading so the tasks given by teachers to slow learner children cannot answer the tasks given by PAI teachers. This research aims to determine the problems of learning Islamic Religious Education among Slow Learner students at SDN 04 Birugo. This problem is researched using descriptive qualitative research methods which aim to describe and analyze phenomena and events, social activities, attitudes, beliefs, thoughts of people individually and in groups using field research. Data collection was carried out using observation, interviews and documentation techniques. The key informants in this research were the class IV Islamic Religious Education teacher at SDN 04 Birugo and the supporting informants for class IV slow learner students. To analyze the data, researchers grouped it based on existing problems. Based on the results of research conducted by researchers, the results show that slow learner students tend to feel inferior and consider themselves to be an obstacle to the learning process for other friends. Feelings of inferiority are seen in slow learner students at the stage of understanding lessons and completing assignments. There are two factors that cause difficulties in reading, writing and memorizing, namely the classroom environment and outside the classroom. Boredom occurs because they are not really serious about learning, but from the problems that occurred there were 3 slow learner students whose problems were slightly more resolved.

Students’ ability to communicate their mathematical ideas in various ways is not as expected. It is difficult for teachers to improve students’ mathematical communication skills by improving learning styles, improving the learning atmosphere, and using appropriate learning models. Therefore, it is important to know the factors that influence students’ mathematical communication abilities. The aim of this research is to describe the factors that influence students’ mathematical communication skills. The subjects of this research were four children aged approximately 11 years who live in Hamparan Perak District. The data collection techniques used were observation and interviews. Data were analyzed using a qualitative approach. The results of the research show that the factors that influence students’ oral communication skills are study partners, self-confidence, shyness, nervousness, group learning atmosphere, learning time, and gender. Factors that influence students’ written communication skills include the inability to write down known information and be asked about it, lack of concentration in studying and inability to understand the content, as well as question difficulty, which includes the level of composure and composure in solving questions.

In the context of debate, another issue that occurs is the limited skills of students in identifying and formulating appropriate illocutionary speech acts. In a debate, it is important to communicate arguments clearly and convincingly. However, learners who do not understand the pragmatic aspects of language may have difficulty in formulating strong arguments. This study was conducted to determine the illocutionary speech acts contained in the debate text of Indonesian language book class X curriculum 2013. The purpose of this research is to examine the application of illocutionary speech acts in debate texts. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative analysis, pragmatics theoretical approach, and data collection techniques with observational studies on Indonesian language book documents grade X curriculum 2013. The analysis technique used in the research uses agic analyzing technique. This research makes a significant contribution to understanding and improving the application of illocutionary speech acts in debate texts. The results of this research, there is some data that covers the aspects of illocutionary speech acts in debate texts. The data contains expressive, directive, assertive, declarative, and commissive illocutionary speech act categories totaling 34 data. It is concluded that the application of illocutionary speech acts can be identified and classified in speech acts that are adjusted to the category. The benefit of this research is as a source of knowledge to deepen the science of pragmatics in illocutionary speech acts.

In 2013 the 2013 Curriculum was implemented which changed the assessment of students both in terms of knowledge, attitudes and skills. One of the focuses of the 2013 curriculum is authentic assessment. Based on the results of observations and interviews that researchers conducted with several teachers, many teachers experienced difficulties in conducting authentic assessments in the 2013 curriculum, namely teachers felt that Authentic Assessment was too complicated because there were too many aspects to be assessed. The purpose of this study is to analyze the difficulties of teachers in implementing authentic assessment in the 2013 Curriculum, describe teacher constraints and efforts made by teachers. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The data collection techniques used are document studies, observations, and interviews. The results showed that teachers still have difficulty in implementing authentic assessments of the 2013 curriculum, in this case teachers have difficulty

In 2013 the 2013 Curriculum was implemented which changed the assessment of students both in terms of knowledge, attitudes and skills. One of the focuses of the 2013 curriculum is authentic assessment. Based on the results of observations and interviews that researchers conducted with several teachers, many teachers experienced difficulties in conducting authentic assessments in the 2013 curriculum, namely teachers felt that Authentic Assessment was too complicated because there were too many aspects to be assessed. The purpose of this study is to analyze the difficulties of teachers in implementing authentic assessment in the 2013 Curriculum, describe teacher constraints and efforts made by teachers. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The data collection techniques used are document studies, observations, and interviews. The results showed that teachers still have difficulty in implementing authentic assessments of the 2013 curriculum, in this case teachers have difficulty

Students are an important community in a university. The ultimate goal of a student in a college is to complete a final assignment. However, many students experience problems with delays in completing their final assignments. The aim of this research is to analyze what factors hinder and delay students in completing their final assignments. This type of research uses qualitative research where interviewing sources from the Koran science and tafsir study program. The results of this research are that the inhibiting factors in student graduation include lecturer behavior that makes things difficult for students, a lack of synchronization of information between the study program and the faculty, the presence of students who work part-time, and a lack of time and motivation for a student.

This research aims to: (1) describe further the meaning contained in the poem A Pair of Bodies by Bode Riswandi. (2) classify and explain lexical meaning, grammatical meaning, referential meaning and non-referential meaning in the poem A Sepaair Bode by Bode Riswandi. This research method uses qualitative research methods with descriptive characteristics. The analysis results obtained in this research contain lexical, grammatical, referential and non-referential meaning. Semantic studies prove that we are able to reason about the words contained in the poem A Pair of Bodies by Bode Riswandi, from the most basic through vocabulary analysis to deducing the meaning of each line of the poem. The poem A Pair of Bodies by Bode Riswandi tells the story of someone who loses their identity after having difficulty going through life without someone to help them, but no matter how much hatred they have for themselves, humans can only rely on themselves to survive.

This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach by utilizing observation, interviews and documentation analysis to determine the difficulties faced by teachers in implementing thematic learning. Research participants included the principal and class VI teachers at SD Negeri Peninggilan 5. The research findings revealed several main difficulties faced by teachers. First, at the planning stage, teachers have difficulty integrating lesson material into classroom learning steps when preparing lesson plans. Second, during implementation, teachers consider thematic learning to be time consuming because it covers many subjects and remains teacher-centered. Finally, in terms of evaluation, teachers experience difficulties in assessing students' affective mood due to individual differences, as well as facing challenges in completing subject-specific student learning outcomes reports. Efforts to overcome these difficulties so that thematic learning can be useful in improving the overall quality of teaching for other teachers.    

This study attempted to improve students’ achievement in writing descriptive text through picture word inductive model at SMP Negeri 3 Siborongborong. This title got from the result of  observation that the researcher found in SMP Negeri 3 Siborongborong that many students have difficulties in writing descriptive text. Some of them do not have any ideas to write, when they have come with the idea, they do not know how to write in English. They also have difficulty in using the convention of English grammar. PWIM (Picture Word Inductive Model) is a model of study that uses pictures and words to stimulate students’ thinking inductively, from the specific thinking (looking at the picture and words) to general thinking (making the picture and the words that available become a sentence then a paragaph. By applying picture word inductive model, students can enrich their vocabularies while they identify the picture. This study was conducted by using classroom action research. The subject of this research was the students in grade VII-D SMP Negeri 3 Siborongborong. There was found that the students have low achievement in writing descriptive text. The research was conducted in two cycles. There were three meetings for each cycle. Based on the scores of writing test, it was found that students’ scores kept improving in every writing test. The students’ mean score in the first writing test was (46.57) and the students’ mean score in the second writing test was (67.10). Finally, the students’ mean score in the third writing test was (93.10).

This research aims to determine students' difficulties in capturing learning and the factors that make students have difficulty learning. This research uses library research which is intended to describe students' difficulties in capturing learning. The results of the research are that there are factors that cause students to have difficulty learning, including; Internal factors and external factors. These internal factors come from the student, such as the student's IQ, student's attitude towards learning, motivation to learn, body health, and sensory abilities. Meanwhile, these external factors are caused by factors outside the student, including teacher variations in teaching, use of learning media, school infrastructure, and family environment.

Mathematics lessons are lessons that are able to provide students with insight into gaining knowledge systematically or how to solve a mathematical problem. One of the goals of learning mathematics is to develop problem solving abilities. This indicates that problem solving is a very important ability to hone in learning mathematics. The method used is literature study or literature review. The study sources are in the form of reference books, published scientific journals, and references on websites accessed via the internet. Theoretical references obtained through literature study research will be used as the basic foundation and main tool for further practice which will be followed up with field research. Polya's theory is a systematic approach to solving mathematical problems which consists of four main steps, namely understanding the problem, planning a solution, implementing the plan, and checking again. This theory has been applied in various mathematics learning contexts, such as in analyzing the difficulty of solving mathematical problems on various materials and levels of difficulty.

Patient An MM was brought by his parents to the Tanah Pasir Community Health Center Children's Polyclinic with complaints of itching on both hands for the last 3 weeks. The initial complaint was that it felt like itching accompanied by the appearance of reddish spots, and over time, pimples appeared between the fingers. Complaints felt worse in the last week until the patient felt itchy all day and complaints of itching felt worse at night until the patient had difficulty getting to sleep because he kept scratching the part of the body that felt itchy. Based on the anamnesis of complaints obtained after contact with the patient's older brother who experienced similar complaints. A physical examination was carried out and the examination results were within normal limits. Primary data was obtained through anamnesis and physical examination by conducting home visits, filling in family folders, and filling in patient files. The assessment is carried out based on a holistic diagnosis at the beginning, process and end of the visit quantitatively and qualitatively. The interventions carried out include education about the causes of scabies in the family, education on environmental sanitation and cleanliness and management of the disease as well as explaining complications that may arise from the patient's disease so that the patient's family maintains better personal hygiene and environmental cleanliness.  

This research aims to explain and describe the Islamic education curriculum implementing local content curriculum in the learning of Malay Arabic Script at Muhammad Fahri Integrated MIS. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach, data was obtained through observation, interviews and documentation carried out at Mahammad Fahri Integrated MIS. The results of the research show that the Islamic education curriculum implementing local content curriculum in Malay Arabic script subjects is taught from grade one to grade six, this learning is carried out in schools and continued at MDTA. The learning resources used are books owned by the teacher. Learning methods include introducing hijaiyah letters, writing letters, recognizing and writing words, as well as various Malay Arabic script exercises. The challenge experienced by the teacher in this lesson was the students' difficulty in writing letters and translating from Indonesian or Latin to Malay Arabic script. Efforts made by teachers to overcome these obstacles include repeating material, providing examples, and providing various exercises to hone students' skills.

Many researchers, including lecturers, teachers, students, and the general public, have adopted apps to help them write articles. Students are currently expected to produce scientific articles published in accredited journals or respected international journals as part of their final assignment. However, from the observations of the service team, there are several problems faced by the service partners, especially MPI students. They have difficulty preparing scientific article manuscripts and are less familiar with applications that can speed up the preparation process. To overcome this, the service was carried out through lecture, discussion, and mentoring methods using service-learning, which involved pre-implementation, implementation, and post-implementation stages. The results of this service showed that the training provided participants with understanding and knowledge about using the Perplexity application as a tool to speed up the preparation of articles and paraphrasing to avoid plagiarism. This is evident from the comparison of the participants' pre-test and post-test results before and after the training.  

This research aims to evaluate the impact of student participation in the campus teaching program 6th generation on the learning process carried out at SDN Kalangsemanding in the subjects of Mathematics, Science, Indonesian. The focus of this research is to identify the impact of the contribution of campus teaching program students 6 to the development of students' learning skills at the elementary school level. The research methods used in this study involve direct observation, interviews, and data analysis to measure improvements in learning skills in the classroom, social interactions with teachers and friends, as well as the positive or negative impacts of this program. The results of the research are expected to provide insight into the effectiveness of campus student participation in teaching 6 in improving the quality of learning in elementary schools. Students can feel inspired by seeing younger students who already have the knowledge and skills they want. The presence of campus students teaching at target schools can motivate students to pursue higher education and pursue their dreams. Students who may initially have difficulty connecting with teachers can still find a stronger connection or identification with younger campus teaching students and a less large age difference can create a better and more interesting learning environment. They were very happy with the presence of students at school, until the time for goodbye arrived, they were not willing to let campus students go to their respective campuses to teach.