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The purpose of this study was to develop Problem Based Learning (PBL) based E-Comic learning media on Problem Solving Ability that is valid, practical, and effective on student learning outcomes in statistics material in class XII at SMA Negeri 1 Sungai Laur. The method used is the ADDIE method. The subjects of this study were 29 class XII students of SMA Negeri 1 Sungai Laur, 3 material and media experts. The instruments used in this study were in the form of material expert validation sheets and media expert validation sheets, teacher response questionnaires, student response questionnaires and post-test questions based on the results of the research that had been carried out obtained the results of validation of E-Comic learning media based on Problem Based Learning (PBL). ) Regarding Problem Solving Ability has a validity level of 91.22% with very valid criteria, the practicality level of learning media is 89.60% with very practical criteria and the level of effectiveness of learning media is 93.10% with very effective criteria.

This study aimed to find out the causes on EFL Students' grammatical errors in speaking skills for students of English Language Department of Hamzanwadi University. This research employed descriptive qualitative research design. The participants of this study were 27 students from the second semester. The data were collected by three research instruments which were observation, interview, and documentation. The observation results showed that students often used their mother tongue for class interactions, rarely applying English during the learning. Moreover, the results of the interview showed that students faced challenges in applying grammar to speaking skills due to a lack of vocabulary, comprehension, writing-focused approach, and lack of practice. In conclusion, it is important to learn and practice grammar in speaking skill because fluency in grammar and language rules is crucial for students to become qualified teachers and avoid mistakes. Learning and practicing grammar in speaking skill is also essential for long-term capability.

This research was conducted with the aim of producing digital learning media using the Smart Apps Creator through a Realistic Mathematics Education approach that is valid, effective, and able to improve students' mathematical problem solving abilities in the matter of a system of two-variable linear equations. This type of research is Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE model. From the research results, it was obtained that the media and material validity values were 93.6% and 93% with very valid categories. The practicality of the media through the results of the teacher's response questionnaire obtained a practicality value of 97.3% in the very practical category and the results of the student response questionnaire for the small group test and large group test obtained values of 90.9% and 91.4% in the very practical category. Then the value of effectiveness is seen through the mastery of classical learning and the results of the student response questionnaire obtained percentages of 87.5% and 94.05% with very effective categories. Improving problem solving abilities in students, the results obtained are that the level of students' problem solving abilities is at a percentage of 92% with a very high category, while based on the N-Gain test the average value obtained by students is 0.6473 which means there is an increase in problem solving abilities in students medium category. So based on the results obtained it can be concluded that the learning media developed in this study are valid, practical, effective, and able to improve students' mathematical problem solving abilities.

This study entitled Teacher’s Methods in Teaching English Vocabularies at Sixth Grade Students of SD Muhammadiyah 2 Denpasar. It aims to find out the methods used by the English teacher at SD Muhammadiyah 2 Denpasar and the obstacles faced by the teacher. This study used the interview method for collecting data. The data was collected through interviewing the English teacher at the sixth grade students of SD Muhammadiyah 2 Denpasar. In addition, the interview was analyzed according to Richards and Rodgers (1986) in the book of Approaches and Methods of Language Teaching. The result of the analysis shows that the teacher uses the combination between audiolingual method and grammar translation method in teaching vocabularies. There were found several obstacles including the lack of students’ pronunciation and the lack of student’s memorization due to the limited time of study in class.

This study aims to determine the Indonesian teacher's strategy in dealing with the weak interest in learning Indonesian in grade 8 students of SMPN 1 Bontonompo Selatan. The research instruments in this study were observation, interviews and documentation. The data sources used in this study are primary and secondary data sources. The approach in this study is a qualitative descriptive approach. Data collection techniques are documentation guidelines, interview guidelines, and observation guidelines. Data analysis techniques are the identifying stage, the classifying stage, the analyzing stage, and the describing stage. The research results obtained from this study are: the strategies used by Indonesian teachers in dealing with weak interest in learning Indonesian language education in grade 8 SMPN 1 Bontonompo Selatan using three strategies namely conducting diagnostic tests, using various media and methods and establishing cooperation between teachers and parents of students. This strategy is the choice of Indonesian language teachers in dealing with students' weak interest in learning to increase student motivation and interest in learning.  

Effective leadership from a school principal is the key to improving the quality and performance of teachers as learning agents in madrasas. This study aims to find out and analyze in depth the leadership behavior of school principals in improving teacher performance at public elementary schools (MIN) 15 Bintaro. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research method. The research subject is the head of the school. Sources of data obtained through observation, interviews and taken from various literature relevant to the research material. The results of the study show that: (1) The principal's leadership behavior in improving teacher performance at MIN 15 Binatro, namely: the principal has influenced and mobilized subordinates, the principal determines the tasks of the teachers and provides training so that teacher performance increases, the principal is able to communicate effectively with teachers, principals involve all interested parties in making decisions; (2) Policies that can be implemented by school principals to improve teacher performance, namely: establishing cooperative relationships with teachers, measuring teacher performance by looking at the abilities of their students, and paying attention to the methods teachers use to teach; (3) In improving teacher performance the principal of the MIN 15 Bintaro school seeks to improve the discipline and responsibility of teachers.

The main problem in this study was the low learning outcomes of students in grade III SDN 179 Tamasongo, Jeneponto Regency on multiplication and division operations. This study aims to improve student learning outcomes in multiplication and division calculation operations in grade III students of UPT SD Negri NO 179 Tamasongo, Bontoramba District, Jeneponto Regency. This research is a Class Action Research (PTK). The location of this research was carried out at UPT SD Negri NO 179 Tamasongo, Bontoramba District, Jeneponto Regency. The subjects in this study were grade III students of SDN 179 Tamasongo, Jeneponto Regency with a total of 11 students consisting of 4 male students and 7 female students. The collected data is then analyzed using quantitative analysis. Quantitative data analysis is used to view student learning test result data. The results achieved in this study are: (1) There is an increase in student learning activities and teacher activities in each cycle. (2) In the first cycle, the average value of learning outcomes of grade III students of SDN 179 Tamasongo, Jeneponto Regency, was 56.3, while in the second cycle, the average value of learning outcomes was higher which reached 77. The completeness of learning mathematics on the material of multiplication operations and division of grade III students of SDN 179 Tamasongo, Jeneponto Regency has also improved. In cycle I, out of 5 (45%) students achieved learning completeness, while in cycle II as many as 11 (100%) students achieved learning completeness and classical learning completeness was achieved. This means that learning completeness in cycle II is achieved classically because the number of students who complete reaches 100%. Based on the results of the research mentioned above, it can be concluded that the learning outcomes of multiplication and division operations through a contextual approach (Contekxtual Teaching and Learning) in building space material in grade III SDN 179 Tamasongo Jeneponto Regency have increased.

Web-based information systems are in high demand in various circles of society, including in the world of non-computer education, where the written examination system commonly used in education often has many obstacles. Factors must also be considered when evaluating written tests, as many participants may avoid writing notes on cards and waste paper and ink to ask and repeat questions, including negative factors in written tests, so this study aims to do so. a database-based online exam system that educational institutions can use to convert existing written exams into an online exam system. Therefore, with the rapid development of information technology, it is necessary to design and build an online examination system based on Data Warehouse to replace the manual written examination system and facilitate the work of the teacher in SMP Negeri 5 Medan. Primary schools enter question data into the system and can minimize the operational costs of passing exams, and the system can also store data more securely in its data warehouse, i.e. teacher information, basic information, student information. subject information, value information and question information. The method is Data Warehouse, software procedures and Waterfall model. The survey respondents were 150 students from SMP Negeri 5 Medan, a total of 150 students. This online exam system was created using PHP programming language, MySQL database and XAMPP web server

This Study aims to design interactive learning media in indonesian subjects, especially theme 2 sub-theme 4 lesson 5. Based on the identified students, that there are still students who are still not able to read and write fluently. This is due to factors from within the students themeselves such as the willingness and ability of the child. This type of research is a research and development research and development (R&D) method. This study uses six stages: (1) Potential and problems, (2) gathering information, (3) product design, (4) design validation, (5) design revision, (6) product trial, (7) product revision. Validation was carried out by media experts (lecturers) and material experts (teachers). The subjects of the research trial consisted of grade 1 students at SDN Leyangan. The trial was conducted by 5 students. Data collected by interviews, documentation, and questionnaires (questionnaires). The data are the results of an assessment of product quality and suggestions for revising the product, which are then analyzed descriptively.                 The results showed that interactive learning media for Indonesian thematic subjects as a media tool designed to be suitable for use in learning theme 2 sub-theme 4 lesson 5 class 1 SDN Leyangan. This is shown by (1) the assessment of the media expert (lecturer) included in the very good criteria with a score of 37, (2) the assessment of the material expert (teacher) included in the very good criteria with a score of 36, and (3) in the trial use included in the very good criteria with a score of 36.  

This study aims to design and produce Student Worksheets (LKPD) based on the Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) on class XI human respiratory system material. This type of research is Research and Development (Reasearch & Development) with the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation). The subjects of this study were 2 material expert validator lecturers and 2 learning expert validator lecturers, the assessment of 1 biology teacher, and the responses of class XI MIPA-3 students of SMAN 1 Labuhan Deli T.A. 2022/2023. Data analysis used quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that the development of STAD-based LKPD obtained validation results by material experts of 96.88% in the "very feasible" category, validation by learning experts of 90.13% in the "very feasible" category, assessment by biology teachers of 93.42 % in the "very feasible" category, the student response was 94.96% in the "very feasible" category, and the results of the effectiveness test obtained an N-gain score of 0.72 which was included in the "high" category and was considered effective in being used in the learning process biology in the material of the human respiratory system.

The purpose of this observation activity is to see the development and application of basic literacy in elementary schools. In compiling this article, a pedescriptive type of research was carried out using a qualitative approach, to obtain an overview of the implementation of basic literacy in elementary schools. Based on the results of interviews conducted by group 6 with school principals, teachers and students at SDN 138 and SDN 190 Pekanbaru, regarding how the implementation of basic literacy is implemented in elementary schools and how programs are implemented to improve basic literacy in two schools, namely Public Elementary School 138 and Public Elementary School 193 Pekanbaru, found similarities and differences in the implementation of basic literacy in these two schools. As for the explanation of the stages of the school literacy movement, the first is the habituation stage. At this stage it can be done by getting used to reading for approximately 15 minutes before learning. To support this activity, of course, schools are expected to be able to provide books other than textbooks and other reading materials so that students are interested in reading. Second, is the development stage, which is the next stage after reading habits begin to form, the development of students' literacy skills can be carried out through various literacy activities.

The progress of a nation is greatly influenced by the contribution to education. Education is expected to be able to make a truly intelligent society, so it will gives the nuances of intelligent life and will progressively shape independence. Such a nation community is a big investment to struggle out of the crisis in the face of a globalized world. In facing today's global world, the task of educators as professional teachers is not only to carry out learning in the classroom, but besides educating, nurturing and guiding the most important thing is to shape the personality of students who have the ability to prepare and develop themselves as critical and creative human resources. . most important is to educate and As educators, teachers convey knowledge and skills to students using certain methods so that knowledge or skills can belong to these students, therefore professional educators are educators who are always trying to improve their performance, by increasing their competence as educators. The embodiment of the competence of these educators is the responsibility of education, especially to prepare students to become intelligent and creative subjects in order to achieve maximum learning achievement. One indicator of the achievement of learning objectives can be identified by looking at the level of learning achievement obtained by students. Purwanto stated that learning achievement is a change in student behavior as a result of learning. The change in behavior was caused because he achieved the use of a number of materials provided in the teaching and learning process. This achievement is based on predetermined teaching objectives. The results can be in the form of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor changes.  

The purpose of this research is to analyze the causes of learning difficulties for elementary school students in learning mathematics, and to find out what materials students think are difficult to understand in learning mathematics. This study uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. The aim of the research is the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method to evaluate, review and recognize relevant research so as to be able to answer questions on the specified research. The results of the study show that the factors causing learning difficulties for elementary school students in learning mathematics are, that internal factors include (1) Interest, students who are less interested in participating in mathematics learning, plus students in the class who are less focused and serious in participating in the teaching and learning process as seen by students always leads to the outside of the class when the teacher explains the material, (2) Factors of students' learning habits, less precise learning of students who only study when there is a test (3) Health factors of students, can affect the level of concentration of students in learning mathematics, if the student body is lacking healthy then it can affect student learning outcomes.

This article discusses the importance of the evaluation process in elementary school learning. Evaluation plays a crucial role in determining the effectiveness of learning and the achievement of educational goals. Evaluation helps teachers obtain valid data on students' abilities, identify their learning difficulties, and understand their position among their peers. Through evaluation, teachers can make professional decisions in developing their teaching methods. The article emphasizes the significance of understanding and skills in conducting effective evaluation. Evaluation should not only be carried out at the end of a lesson but throughout the entire learning process. By conducting accurate and comprehensive evaluations, educators can gather precise information about students' abilities, enabling them to make informed decisions in their teaching practices. Improving understanding and implementing effective evaluation processes contributes to enhancing the quality of elementary school education. Effective evaluation not only benefits teachers in decision-making but also helps improve self-quality and classroom management.

Online learning is a learning activity that utilizes today's technology by using the internet as a bridge to replace ordinary learning during the ongoing pandemic. The online learning method itself does not require students to be present in class, students can access the learning through internet media. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the extent to which the use of WhatsApp learning media is effective and can be used. The method used is a qualitative method, data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation through teachers, parents, and students. The results of the research are: (1) the use of WhatsApp media is not yet effective and implemented optimally, (2) The percentage of the relationship between teachers, students, and parents in the use of WhatsApp media is still not directed, (3) the evaluation of online learning is not optimal.

The global era with the rapid and great advancement of information system technology, challenges teachers to have the ability to adapt themselves by improving scientific abilities and cutting-edge skills. But the most important thing is the ability to nurture students by sticking to sharia 'and can make them as noble ethical people. Efforts to strengthen tarbiyah and teacher training in Islamic educational institutions must make maximum efforts so that digital technology tools do not lull and deprive students of the right to get full control of teachers. This is the main mission of Islamic educational institutions so that the development of intelligent ethical humans can be reached by Islamic educational institutions. The three strategies that researchers offer in an effort to strengthen the conception of tarbiyah and teacher training in him and apply it to teacher professional performance activities are: (1) Understand and realize the achievement of tarbiyah and teacher goals; (2) Understand and apply the types of education and teaching; (3) Development of teacher soft skills so that they can become role models for students.

The purpose of this study was to find out how the use of slide rule media can improve students' numeracy skills in integer arithmetic operations for Kanatang State Special School students. This Classroom Action Research (PTK) was conducted at the Kanatang Foreign School in the Odd Semester of the 2022/2023 academic year. The subjects in this study were the students of the Kanatang State Special School, which consisted of 10 students, namely 5 students and 5 female students. The research object is the Ruler Count media in learning addition and subtraction of integers in Mathematics. The procedures/steps of this Classroom Action Research consist of cycles. Implementation of this Classroom Action Research each cycle includes: planning, implementation of action, observation, and reflection. The instruments used in this study were pre-test questions, post-test questions for each cycle, and interview guidelines. The questions made consist of 10 numbers in the form of an essay test. The data collection technique used was the provision of tests, interviews, observations and field notes. The instrument used is a test in the form of a description. Data collection was carried out in three stages, namely: (1) reducing data, (2) presenting data, and (3) drawing conclusions. The results showed that student activities and teacher activities in learning activities in cycle I reached the Good category and cycle II was very good. The results of the analysis of the final test cycle I obtained the percentage of average scores with student absorption reaching 60% and learning completeness reaching a percentage 70% of 10 students. Whereas in the analysis of the final test cycle II there was an increase according to the results of observations of student and teacher activities, the percentage of the average value of student absorption reached 90% with classical learning completeness reaching the target percentage of 100% of 10 students. This has shown that there is an increase in the learning outcomes of Kanatang State Special School students in the material of addition and subtraction of integers by using the integer slide rule.

This study aims to analyze the use of the storytelling method in improving the listening skills of class III students. The storytelling method was chosen because it can stimulate students' imagination and creativity, and help them understand and capture stories better. This study uses a qualitative approach. The research subjects consisted of 46 grade III students from 3 elementary schools. The research was conducted in three cycles, where each cycle consisted of planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The storytelling method is applied in each research cycle. Teachers use various storytelling techniques, such as the use of sound, movement, and visualization, to convey fairy tales to students. After each storytelling session, students are asked to do listening activities, such as answering questions about the story, retelling the story in their own words, or drawing story scenes. The results showed that the use of the storytelling method significantly improved the listening skills of grade III students. This improvement can be seen from significant changes in students' ability to understand stories, remember important details, and express their understanding orally and in writing. This study provides evidence that the storytelling method is effective in improving the listening skills of grade III students. It is hoped that this research can contribute to the development of interesting and interactive learning methods, as well as assist teachers in teaching and improve students' ability to listen and understand stories.

This study aims to describe the application of the scaffolding technique given by the teacher to overcome students' learning difficulties in solving word problems in the material of a system of two-variable linear equations. This type of research is case study research. The subjects of this study were 36 grade 8 students of junior high school. Subject taking using purposive sampling technique. The data collection technique uses the Learning Implementation Plan (RPP) instrument, syllabus, interviews, field notes, and documentation, each of which has been tried out and has met the validation requirements by the validator. The data analysis technique used is the process of data reduction, the process of presenting data, the process of drawing conclusions. After being given the scaffolding technique in each group, it was found that students were able to complete the test with good and correct completion steps. Students are able to determine variables and mathematical models correctly. In addition, students are also able to explain the steps of solving well.

The aims of this study were 1) to find out about inculcating environmental care character values through inorganic waste management into crafts in the P5 program, 2) to find out the obstacles in inculcating environmental care character values through inorganic waste management into crafts in the P5 program, 3) to find out the solution to the obstacles in inculcating environmental care character values through inorganic waste management into crafts in the P5 program. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The research location was at SMPN 18 Surakarta. The research subjects were teachers, school principal, and students. The method of collecting data in this study was through interviews, documentation, and observation. To check the validity of the data in the research, source triangulation and technical triangulation techniques were used. The data analysis technique was to use descriptive qualitative with an interactive model starting from data collection, data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that 1) teaching students about inculcating of value of environmental care character through the P5 program on managing inorganic waste into crafts, 2) obstacles in inculcating character through the waste management program into crafts occurred from within or from the conditions of the students and the limitations of tools and material. While external obstacles were from the family or environment. 3) the solution to these obstacles was to make rules and punishments, provide counseling to students' families and the environment to actively participate in environmental care activities.   Keywords: Character Education, Environmental Care, Waste Management Programs into Crafts