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This research discusses the implementation materials Of comic-based teaching. This research aims to develop teaching materials for fantasy story texts based on local wisdom in the form of digital comics to improve the learning outcomes of fifth grade elementary school students. This research is research and development (R&D). In this research and development, researchers used the ADDIE method, Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation. The results of the development research show that the digital comic teaching materials based on local wisdom for grade V elementary school students produced are said to be very feasible. This is proven by the media expert validation results showing a very good category (96%) from the average validator. The material expert validation results show a very good category (96%) from the average validator. Linguist validation results show a very good category (98%) from the average validator. The results of the student response product trials showed the very good category (87.5%) and the results of the teacher response product trials showed the very good category (94%). In the evaluation of the test results, students obtained an average result of 89.71 with a percentage score of 90% with very good criteria with details of 28 students completing. This comic is a good idea for language learning based on students' interests and talents to improve their learning. The research results are proof that digital comic teaching materials based on local wisdom are very feasible and can be used as learning materials that can improve student learning outcomes.

Existing textbooks in elementary education often fail to engage students fully and do not effectively enhance their science process skills. This research aims to develop science and social studies books based on science process skills to improve the learning outcomes of fifth-grade elementary school students. Observations reveal that current textbooks are not sufficiently engaging and fail to enhance students' science process skills. Using the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) method, this research and development study produced a Science Process Skills Based Science book. The results show that this book significantly improves student learning outcomes, with students achieving an average score of 88, exceeding the minimum completeness criteria of 75. The book's validity is rated as very feasible, and 88% of students met the very good criteria, with 29 students completing the standard. The study concludes that quality teaching incorporating science process skills greatly enhances student learning outcomes, making learning activities more meaningful and effective. This research contributes to education by providing a validated resource that fosters essential science skills development in elementary students.

The purpose of this research is to find out; the level of ability to learn English with the discussion method at SMAN 12 Pekanbaru, especially in class XI. The use of the discussion method in learning English affects the seriousness and activeness of students. This study uses a quantitative approach with the method of discussion. The subjects in this study were students of class XI.1 at SMAN 12 Pekanbaru in the academic year 2023/2024 consisting of 35 students consisting of 14 male students and 22 female students. The data collection technique was carried out by direct observation during the implementation of the class XI.B teaching process which took place in several meetings. And by conducting observations with English teachers about learning through the use of discussion methods and observations to students. This research consists of pre-stage, stage I and stage II. Each implementation passes through four stages, namely preparation, observation, and reflection. The use of small group discussions is carried out through controlled discussions. In its application, the researcher found that the small group discussion strategy was good for use in the learning process

This article explores the role of Catholic religious education teachers in forming a faith-based learning community in schools. Using an educational ethnography approach, this study found that teachers play roles as faith facilitators and agents of social transformation. Through reflective methods and collaborative learning, students are encouraged to live out evangelical values ​​in their daily lives. This article also offers practical strategies for teachers to integrate Catholic values ​​into cross-disciplinary curricula.

Education plays a crucial role in the life of every individual, especially during childhood. Therefore, educational institutions need to develop effective marketing strategies to attract new students. The focus of this research is to evaluate the educational marketing strategies implemented by Kalukubula Preschool Branch Kalukubula with the aim of increasing interest from new students.The method used in this research is qualitative with a case study approach. Data collection is conducted through in-depth interviews with various stakeholders, including the school principal, teachers, and parents. The research results indicate that Kalukubula Preschool Branch Kalukubula employs several educational marketing strategies, involving the development of quality educational programs, innovation in the learning system, improvement of facilities, and effective promotion. The findings of this research reveal that the educational marketing strategies implemented by Kalukubula Preschool Branch Kalukubula have successfully increased interest from new students through the development of quality educational programs, innovation in the learning system, improvement of facilities, and effective promotion

Critical thinking skills are essential for developing quality individuals, as mandated by Law No. 20 Year 2003. Effective learning should integrate material with the context of local wisdom. This study aims to design a valid and reliable critical thinking skills test incorporating science content oriented to Tri Hita Karana local wisdom for use in primary school education, particularly for fourth-grade students. This research adopts a development methodology based on the steps outlined by Borg and Gall. The process consists of seven stages, starting with research and information gathering and concluding with product revision. An extensive trial was conducted during the seventh stage to finalize a valid and reliable critical thinking skills test. The results indicate that the developed test, comprising 30 items, is both valid and reliable, with a reliability coefficient of 0.89, indicating a very high level of reliability. The study successfully created a critical thinking assessment tool that integrates science content with Tri Hita Karana local wisdom. In conclusion, this research contributes to the development of a robust critical thinking skills test for fourth-grade primary school students. By incorporating local wisdom, particularly Tri Hita Karana, into the learning process, the test promotes the integration of cultural context into education. This contribution is significant for enhancing the educational experience and fostering critical thinking among students.

Classroom Action Research (CAR) training for teachers at the MGMP Citizenship Education in Jayapura City aims to improve teachers' professional competence in conducting research oriented towards improving the learning process. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The results of the training show an increase in teachers' understanding of the concept of CAR and its application in learning. This finding makes a significant contribution to the development of education in Jayapura City.

Students have difficulty designing or writing manuscripts that will be published in accredited national journals. The purpose of this service is to provide solutions with training and mentoring activities for female students who will or are writing accredited scientific journal manuscripts by utilizing Chat GPT management both theoretically and practically. The action learning method, which consists of several stages starting with preparation, implementation, and evaluation, is the method used in this service, which is carried out face-to-face. The results of this service have a very significant impact on female students in making national journal manuscripts, starting from making titles to pamphlets with Chat GPT management. This can be seen from the test results before and after the training

This article discusses the implementation of character education based on Christian values ​​in the secondary school curriculum. This approach aims to form students who are not only academically superior but also have strong moral integrity. This study was conducted through qualitative methods by interviewing Christian religious teachers and students. The results show that the values ​​of love, justice, and responsibility have a significant impact on building student character. This article recommends integrating Christian values ​​more explicitly into the learning process.

This paper discusses the important role of education and socialization in the context of exports and imports for creative economy entrepreneurs and PKK in Depok, West Java. In the era of globalization, understanding the export and import process is the main key in developing local economic potential. This paper focuses on educational efforts and socialization activities that can provide in-depth understanding to business actors regarding the benefits, regulations, and opportunities related to exports and imports. The learning method is in the form of a face-to-face seminar between all participants and facilitators held at Griya Sakinah Kav. Tanah Baru, Beji Depok, West Java. The emphasis is on practical, theoretical, as well as case knowledge and provides opportunities for participants to ask questions about exports and imports. Thus, participants better understand the export and import processes and procedures effectively. The expected result of this education and socialization is that participants gain comprehensive knowledge about exports and imports, help improve participants' skills, allowing them to utilize international markets more efficiently. This socialization is an important factor in shaping positive perceptions of export and import activities, as well as building networks that support the exchange of information and experience between business actors. Through this community service activity, it is expected to be an opportunity for creative economy business actors and PKK in Depok related to exports and imports so as to realize capacity building and active participation in international trade.

The rapid growth of cross-platform applications has significantly increased the volume and diversity of sensitive user data processed across heterogeneous and distributed environments. Personally identifiable information, device identifiers, behavioral data, and financial information are routinely collected to support personalization, analytics, and service optimization. While these practices enhance application functionality and user experience, they also introduce substantial privacy risks, including unauthorized data access, device fingerprint–based re-identification, cross-user data leakage, and large-scale data breaches. These risks are further amplified by distributed processing architectures and extensive third-party library integrations commonly used in modern cross-platform systems. This study aims to systematically analyze privacy issues in cross-platform applications by examining the types of sensitive data involved, identifying dominant privacy threats, and reviewing state-of-the-art privacy-preserving mitigation strategies. A systematic literature-based methodology was employed, focusing on recent Scopus-indexed journal articles, conference papers, and book chapters. The analysis synthesizes findings using thematic categorization and a conceptual research framework that maps sensitive data sources to privacy threats and corresponding mitigation mechanisms. The results indicate that privacy risks in cross-platform applications originate not only from external attacks but also from internal architectural weaknesses, such as flawed authorization logic and excessive data sharing across system components. Privacy-preserving techniques including differential privacy, federated learning, blockchain-based data governance, secure multi-party computation, and fine-grained access control mechanisms are shown to provide stronger privacy guarantees compared to conventional centralized approaches. However, these techniques also present trade-offs related to system complexity and performance. Overall, the study highlights the importance of adopting a multi-layered, privacy-by-design approach to ensure sustainable, trustworthy, and regulation-compliant cross-platform application development.

Incorporating engaging and effective teaching materials is essential for enhancing student learning in science education. This research aims to develop comic-based integrated science teaching materials tailored for fifth-grade students, employing the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) method. The research and development process follows these five stages to ensure comprehensive material creation and evaluation. The results indicate high validation scores: 96% for material, 98% for language, and 96% for media, categorizing the comics as highly suitable for educational use. Student and teacher responses further affirm this suitability, with 90% and 94% approval rates, respectively. Evaluation of student test results shows an average score of 90.36, with 90% of students meeting the criteria for excellence. This study concludes that comic-based teaching materials significantly enhance student engagement and understanding of science, contributing valuable insights into educational resource development.

This research aims to determine the performance of government procurement of goods and services using the Balanced Scorecard approach. By using the literature or literature study method, a technique for collecting data is by conducting a review study of books, literature, notes and reports that are related to this problem. Based on the research results, it shows that in general, the procurement performance can be considered quite good. Several aspects have been assessed positively. Financial performance shows a high level of budget realization and efficient use of resources. From a customer perspective, the level of customer satisfaction is also quite good, reaching 85%. Meanwhile, from an internal business process perspective, the efficiency of procurement of goods and services reached 95%. From a growth and learning perspective, efforts to improve performance have produced positive results.

Teaching and learning styles are behaviors or actions that teachers and students show during learning. Behavioral teaching reflects teachers' beliefs and values in translating science. Student behavior provides insight into how to perceive, interact, and respond to the environment in which learning occurs. The purpose of the research was to find out how the Teacher's Communication Style in Increasing the Learning Motivation of Class I Students of UPTD SPFSD Negeri 165 Asanae Marioritengnga Village, Soppeng.The research method used is a quantitative research method with a descriptive approach with in-depth interview data collection techniques, observation and documentation. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique used is the Miles and Huberman version which includes: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawn. The results of the study show that teachers in communicating with their students apply various communication styles, including teachers providing initial direction, but providing space for students to take initiative, explore, and determine the course of learning. This style encourages students to develop independence and problem-solving. In accordance with the concept of independent learning where learning no longer focuses on the teacher but learning focuses on students, Becoming a reliable communicator in the classroom, Asking questions briefly and clearly, Applying the discussion learning method in the classroom, Applying the debate learning method in the classroom, Applying presentation learning..

This study aims to describe the impact of the implementation of Fiqh learning on students' prayer discipline at MTs Darul Ulum. Fiqh learning in madrasahs aims to guide students in recognizing, understanding, and practicing Islamic law in everyday life. The method used in this study is qualitative with a descriptive design. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The validity of the data was tested by extending observations, increasing the accuracy of the research, as well as data triangulation and the use of relevant references. Data were analyzed through the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and verification of conclusions. The results showed that the implementation of Fiqh learning had a positive effect on increasing the discipline of Dzuhur prayer worship for grade VII students at MTs Darul Ulum. Students can get used to performing obligatory prayers according to the teachings of the Fiqh teacher, with the development of increasing academic values, especially in the Fiqh subject, and showing an attitude of responsibility and obedience in performing obligatory prayers.

This research aims to explore the service marketing strategies implemented by Kun Anta Preschool, Kasturi Branch, Palu City in increasing parents' interest in this school. Kun Anta Preschool is an Islamic-based Early Childhood Education (PAUD) institution with the Montessori learning method. The research method used is descriptive with a qualitative approach. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with parents and teaching staff at Kun Anta Preschool Kasturi Branch. Direct observations were also carried out to understand practices in schools. The population of this study involved parents and teaching staff at Kun Anta Preschool, Kasturi Branch, Palu City. The research results showed that Kun Anta Preschool used several effective marketing strategies. They utilize social media such as Instagram and Facebook to create interesting content that increases the school's visibility in the community. One of the unique things about Kun Anta is the application of the Montessori learning method which is only applied by this school, which is a special attraction for parents. The obstacles faced by Kun Anta Preschool include the large school fees, but they are proportional to the facilities provided. However, the school's good reputation and the quality of early childhood education are strong factors that make parents interested in enrolling their children. This marketing strategy succeeded in increasing parents' interest in Kun Anta Preschool. In conclusion, the marketing strategy implemented by Kun Anta Preschool, Kasturi Branch, Palu City, especially through social media and unique learning methods, played an important role in increasing parents' interest. Positive factors such as the school's reputation and the quality of early childhood education also determine parents' decisions to enroll their children at Kun Anta Preschool. This research provides an in-depth understanding of how marketing strategies can influence parents' perceptions of a PAUD institution.  

study aims to know, study, explore and describe the administrative model of procurement of educational facilities and infrastructure in elementary schools more organized and efficient so that it can support the success of students in the learning process. This research was conducted by qualitative methods, research conducted at the Future Islamic School Integrated Islamic School, with the subject of principals, teachers, educators and students. This research data was collected through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the research that the author conducted show that the model of the procurement system of facilities and infrastructure, schools can provide a more optimal environment for the learning process of students As well as the importance of technology by involving all school staff as a means to accelerate the monitoring process, and optimize the management of infrastructure facilities, this writing is expected to be the basis for improving the governance of goods in similar schools.

Student administration is important for continuous learning in schools. Activities that are important in managing first-time student registration. This research explains about students at school. The aim of this research is to describe student administration in the school environment using SWOT analysis. Based on the SWOT analysis of student administration at the school, the appropriate method for this research is to use qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques include: observation, interviews, notes, and documentation. We can conclude from the results of this main analysis that there is still a need to develop strategies and improve the quality of schools to increase community interest in registering their children.

The use of learning models can also be a factor that determines students' learning success. If the learning model used is appropriate, it can arouse students' interest in studying the material being taught in such a way that it influences the quality of learning outcomes. So the teacher must be able to create a learning model that creates a situation where the class of students can be active in the learning process. This research was carried out using the Classroom Action Research (PTK) method. Wardani & Wihardit (2018) stated that PTK is research conducted by a teacher in the class he teaches which aims to improve student learning outcomes. The subjects of this research were 36 students in class XI MIPA 3, consisting of 11 male students and 15 female students. P2K implementation is carried out in 2 cycles. The results of classroom action research using the Discovery Learning model with a scientific approach for two cycles, the results obtained are: First, the application of the Discovery Learning learning model with a scientific approach can improve students' science learning outcomes in class XI SMAN 9 Maros. Second, the application of the Discovery learning model Learning with an effective scientific approach can increase liveliness and activity in the teaching and learning process in accordance with observations of students' attitudes during the implementation of classroom action research in cycle I and cycle II.

This study aims to determine whether the application of the Problem Based Learning model can develop the critikal thinking skills of class XII students in learning Akidah Akhlak at MA Nurul Falah Ciater. The type of research is qualitative with a qualitative descriptive and the subject of this research is students ini class XII MA Nurul Falah Ciater.. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques using data reduction, data presentation, data verification, and conclusions. Based on the results of research and data analysis, that the Problem Based Learning model applied to moral akidah learning, can develop the critical thinking skills of XII grade students in learning moral akidah at MA Nurul Falah Ciater. Students are actively engaged in critical thinking problem solving and develop analytical skills. These findings make an important contribution to the developments of effective learning methods in improving students critical thinking skills in the context of learning akidah akhlak. This shows that there is a development of critical thinking skills of XII grade students in learning akidah akhlak by using the problem based learning model.