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Bacground : The 0–12 month period is a critical phase in infant development, covering motor, cognitive, and emotional domains. Early stimulation has been proven to prevent developmental delays that may affect later life stages. Complementary therapies such as infant massage and baby gym are widely applied as non-pharmacological, safe, low-cost interventions that can be practiced at home by parents. Objective: To systematically review the scientific evidence regarding the effectiveness of complementary therapies in stimulating the development of infants aged 0–12 months. Methods: This literature study involved a review of articles published between 2018–2024 from PubMed and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria included experimental and quasi-experimental studies evaluating the effect of complementary therapies (infant massage, baby gym, or others) on infant development. Results: Six relevant studies were identified, including four on baby gym and two on infant massage. All studies reported significant improvements in gross motor development following intervention. Infant massage also showed additional benefits such as increased weight gain and enhanced mother-infant bonding. Conclusion: Complementary therapies such as infant massage and baby gym are effective and practical strategies for stimulating infant development. However, further research with more robust experimental designs is needed to strengthen the evidence base.  

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is a medical emergency that is still a major cause of global morbidity and mortality. The success of ACS treatment and prevention of recurrence is highly dependent on self-care. However, many ACS patients have difficulty performing self-care due to low self-efficacy. This study aims to explain the relationship between self-efficacy and self-care in ACS patients. This study used a correlation analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The study population was 62 outpatients at the Heart Clinic, with a sample of 41 people selected using purposive sampling. Self-efficacy was measured using the Cardiac Self-Efficacy Scale (CSE scale) and self-care using the Self-Care of Coronary Heart Disease Inventory (SC-CHDI). The study was conducted in April-May 2025. Data were analyzed using the Pearson product moment correlation test. The results showed a p value of 0.004 (p <α), which means there is a relationship between self-efficacy and self-care in ACS patients. The direction of the relationship is positive, meaning that the higher the self-efficacy, the better the self-care, and vice versa with the closeness of the relationship in the weak category (r 0.437). Self-efficacy is positively related to better self-care behavior in ACS patients. Therefore, nurses can integrate self-care improvement care through comprehensive self-efficacy education.

This community service program was implemented to strengthen the digital literacy and competencies of health cadres in Simogirang Village, Prambon Sub-district, Sidoarjo Regency, particularly in the recording and management of Posyandu (integrated health service post) data. The initiative responded to ongoing issues stemming from manual documentation methods, which were prone to human error, inefficiency, and lack of integration with regional health information systems. To address these challenges, the program delivered an IT-based training module using a combination of direct instruction, demonstrations, and hands-on simulations. The training emphasized the use of accessible and cost-effective tools such as Google Forms and Google Sheets, designed in alignment with the principles of adult learning (andragogy) and Kurt Lewin’s change management model to facilitate behavioral adaptation and technology acceptance among the participants. A total of 25 health cadres participated in the program. Pre- and post-training evaluations demonstrated significant improvement in digital skills, with 80% of participants achieving a minimum of 85% accuracy in completing digital forms and managing records. In addition, a prototype digital system based on Google Workspace was successfully piloted in two Posyandu locations. This system enhanced the timeliness, accuracy, and integration of health data reporting to local health centers (Puskesmas), offering a scalable and sustainable solution for grassroots healthcare data management. Despite the positive outcomes, the program also identified key challenges, notably limited internet infrastructure and varying levels of prior digital exposure among cadres. These findings underscore the need for continuous mentoring, support from local government stakeholders, and potential investment in digital infrastructure. Overall, the initiative contributes to Indonesia’s broader goals of digital transformation in public health, particularly at the village level.

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is essential for infant growth, immunity, and overall health. However, many breastfeeding mothers experience difficulties in maintaining exclusive breastfeeding due to improper breastfeeding techniques, low maternal knowledge, and lack of guidance from health workers. Proper application of breastfeeding techniques, including correct latch-on, positioning, and frequency, can improve breastfeeding consistency and prevent early weaning (Sari, 2020; Putri, 2021). Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of the application of breastfeeding techniques on the consistency of exclusive breastfeeding in breastfeeding mothers at the Dambalo Community Health Center. Methods: A quantitative, pre-experimental study with a one-group pretest-posttest design was conducted. Thirty breastfeeding mothers were selected using purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria, including mothers of infants aged 0–6 months who were willing to participate and had no medical conditions preventing breastfeeding. Results: All 30 participants (100%) applied the recommended breastfeeding techniques after the intervention. Following the intervention, 27 mothers (90%) consistently practiced exclusive breastfeeding, while three mothers (10%) showed partial improvement. Statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed a significant difference in exclusive breastfeeding consistency before and after the intervention (p = 0.000), indicating that the application of proper breastfeeding techniques significantly improved breastfeeding practices. Conclusion: The application of breastfeeding techniques has a significant positive effect on the consistency of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers at the Dambalo Community Health Center. Structured guidance and practical support from health workers, particularly midwives, are essential to improve maternal skills, reinforce proper practices, and ensure the health and growth of infants.

The low interest and engagement of lower-grade primary school students in literature serve as an important introduction to this study. The aim of this Community Service Program (PKM) was to enhance children’s literary abilities through the use of three innovative media: word cards, short story videos, and descriptive texts. The study employed an experimental method with a pretest–posttest control group design and a Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach based on Kemmis & McTaggart (1988), carried out among grades I–III students at SD Katolik Roworeke 2, Ende (approximately 25–30 students per class). Results showed a statistically significant improvement in the experimental group compared to the control group, especially in literary element comprehension and literary appreciation. Word cards enriched vocabulary, story videos increased visual appeal and understanding, while descriptive texts trained literacy and imagination skills. The interactive and contextual learning process proved effective in fostering reading interest, teacher creativity, and students’ literacy enthusiasm. In conclusion, this method is recommended for adoption by Indonesian Language and Literature teachers in lower grades. Future research should expand sample size, include diverse literary works, and explore supporting factors influencing method effectiveness.

The low interest and engagement of lower-grade primary school students in literature serve as an important introduction to this study. The aim of this Community Service Program (PKM) was to enhance children’s literary abilities through the use of three innovative media: word cards, short story videos, and descriptive texts. The study employed an experimental method with a pretest–posttest control group design and a Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach based on Kemmis & McTaggart (1988), carried out among grades I–III students at SD Katolik Roworeke 2, Ende (approximately 25–30 students per class). Results showed a statistically significant improvement in the experimental group compared to the control group, especially in literary element comprehension and literary appreciation. Word cards enriched vocabulary, story videos increased visual appeal and understanding, while descriptive texts trained literacy and imagination skills. The interactive and contextual learning process proved effective in fostering reading interest, teacher creativity, and students’ literacy enthusiasm. In conclusion, this method is recommended for adoption by Indonesian Language and Literature teachers in lower grades. Future research should expand sample size, include diverse literary works, and explore supporting factors influencing method effectiveness.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of learning at SMAN 12 Padang City, especially in the preliminary activities, core activities, and closing activities carried out by mathematics teachers while the teacher is teaching in class. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a descriptive design method. The research instruments used are interview guidelines, observation sheets, and documentation. Data collection techniques are carried out through interviews with subject teachers, direct observation of the learning process in class, and analysis of learning device documents such as teaching modules and semester programs. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of learning at SMAN 12 Padang City has been going quite well, marked by the implementation of learning components in accordance with the Merdeka Curriculum. Based on the results of observations, the implementation of the learning achieved a success percentage of 81.22% in grades X and XI. However, several obstacles were found such as limited time in preparing teaching devices optimally and variations in the use of learning media. This study is expected to be a material for evaluation and improvement in the management of the learning process in schools.

PT. Surya Cahaya Kembar or known as Cozy Mart aims to improve the delivery process and inventory management by using a web-based warehouse management information system. Companies have difficulty monitoring stock and distribution accurately as their business grows rapidly. The system analysis and software development method used in this research is Agile, which allows quick adjustments to user needs. The system is designed to include delivery tracking, stock management features and reports to assist staff in making decisions. System design uses Unified Modeling Language (UML) which describes system functionality as a whole. Test results show significant improvements in user satisfaction, as well as the speed and accuracy of warehouse management. PT. Surya Cahaya Kembar (Cozy Mart) hopes to reduce operational errors and optimize business processes by implementing this system. This helps the overall growth of the company.

This study aims to describe the strategies implemented by Rumah Belajar Merah Putih in addressing the educational needs of children of commercial sex workers who are not enrolled in formal schooling. A qualitative descriptive approach was used, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings indicate that Rumah Belajar Merah Putih faces several challenges, including limited facilities and infrastructure, insufficient funding, low public awareness of the importance of education, a shortage of qualified teaching staff, and difficulties in establishing external partnerships. To overcome these obstacles, the organization has developed strategies encompassing four key aspects: (1) Corporate strategy, which emphasizes the formulation of a vision, mission, and goals in response to the community’s lack of attention to education; (2) Program strategy, designed based on the background of the learners to raise awareness of the importance of education; (3) Resource support strategy, aimed at addressing the limitations in teaching staff, funding, and facilities; and (4) Institutional strategy, focused on strengthening internal communication and expanding external partnerships to tackle collaboration challenges. These four strategies have proven effective in addressing the identified challenges and serve as a crucial foundation for providing inclusive education for children of commercial sex workers, although continuous improvement and reinforcement are still needed.

Malaria remains a significant public health issue both globally and in Indonesia, particularly affecting high-risk groups such as infants, young children, and pregnant women. The increasing incidence of malaria is closely linked to environmental and behavioral factors. This study aims to examine the relationship between community behavior and environmental conditions with malaria incidence at the Arso City Health Center, Keerom Regency. A quantitative, cross-sectional design was used, allowing analysis of variables at a single point in time. The sample was selected through simple random sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Findings revealed that there is no significant relationship between the habit of going outside the house and malaria incidence (p = 0.07). However, there is a significant relationship between the use of mosquito repellent and malaria incidence (p = 0.000). Similarly, using mosquito nets and gauze also showed a significant relationship with reduced malaria cases. Environmental aspects such as mosquito breeding sites and unsealed house walls were also found to be significantly associated with malaria occurrence. These results suggest that both behavioral factors—particularly protective measures—and environmental conditions contribute to malaria transmission in the community. Public health efforts should prioritize education on preventive behaviors and improvements in living environments to reduce malaria risk.

This research seeks to develop a web-based tuition payment system to improve the efficiency of financial administration at SMK Techno Media.The Agile development method was employed, with data collected through observation, interviews, literature review, and documentation. Several challenges were identified, such as delays in processing, inaccuracies in payment information, and inefficiencies in financial reporting. The developed system includes functionalities for generating bills, tracking payment status, sending notifications, and producing financial reports. These features are designed to be utilized by six user roles: administrators, teachers, students, parents, finance staff, and the school principal. The implementation results show notable improvements in data accuracy, information transparency, and administrative efficiency. Furthermore, the system supports digital transformation in the school’s financial management processes.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the use of Electronic Student Worksheets (E-LKPD) based on Liveworksheets in improving the learning outcomes of class VII students of SMP Negeri 14 Kota Serang on the Earth and Solar System material. LKPD functions to connect teaching and learning activities so that effective interactions occur between students and teachers, which can increase student activity to improve academic achievement. This study aims to identify improvements in student learning outcomes using ELKPD liveworksheet. This study uses a quantitative research type with a Pre-experimental design that collects and analyzes numerical data using research instruments. One Group Pretest - Posttest Design is a written design used which is combined with library research, namely using various supporting literature references in the data collection process without going into the field. Thus, it can be concluded that E-LKPD Liveworksheet is effective as a learning medium to improve student learning outcomes on the Earth and Solar System material

Effective nursing documentation and optimal nurse performance are essential pillars of high-quality healthcare services. Despite standardised guidelines being available, incomplete documentation and low compliance rates persist in various hospital settings. This study investigated the impact of implementing the 3S-based Nursing Care Guidelines, comprising standardised nursing diagnoses (SDKI), interventions (SIKI), and outcomes (SLKI), along with structured supervision by the hospital's nursing committee, on improving documentation quality and nurse performance. Employing a true experimental pre-posttest control group design, the research involved 49 nurses allocated into three groups: control, intervention with 3S, and intervention with 3S combined with the supervision nursing committee. Data were collected through observation sheets, document audits, and performance checklists. Statistical analyses using Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests revealed significant post-intervention improvements (p = 0.000) in both outcome areas. The results affirm that integrating structured care models and active supervision effectively enhances the quality of nursing care delivery.

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a strategic role in Indonesia's economy with a contribution of 61.07% to GDP and able to absorb 97% of the national workforce. However, the digitalization era requires MSMEs to adapt to digital technology to maintain competitiveness. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of digital marketing training and mentoring programs in improving digital literacy of UMKM practitioners in Balikpapan City. The research method uses an experimental approach with pre-test and post-test design on 25 UMKM practitioners. The research instrument was a questionnaire with 30 multiple choice questions measuring three aspects: basic knowledge of digitalization, understanding of digital marketing, and ability to use social media and marketplaces. The training program was conducted for one day with materials covering UMKM digitalization, digital marketing fundamentals, social media marketing, and marketplace usage. The results showed significant improvements in all aspects: basic digitalization knowledge increased by 59% (from 50.4 to 80.2), digital marketing understanding increased by 71% (from 43.4 to 74.4), and social media and marketplace capabilities increased by 46% (from 59.2 to 86.2). Beginner category participants showed the most significant progress with an average increase of 86%. The program success rate reached 92% with 23 out of 25 participants successfully achieving satisfactory scores. This program proves the effectiveness of digital marketing training in improving UMKM digital literacy and provides a foundation for sustainable digital transformation.

Education is one of the fields that continuously evolves alongside the rapid  advancement  of technology. One effort to enhance the quality of education is by implementing a scientific approach in the learning process. This research aims to analyze the contribution of the scientific learning approach to the development of students' self-directed learning at SDN Semper Barat 11, especially in class V. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results show that lesson planning with a scientific approach is well executed, covering the setting of learning objectives, selection of learning models, strategies, learning media, and evaluation. The implementation of learning with a scientific approach in class V is carried out through activities such as observing, questioning, gathering information, reasoning, and communicating. The research also indicates that students experience an improvement in self-directed learning, characterized by active engagement in learning, high motivation, initiative-driven learning, and self-control. Thus, the scientific learning approach significantly contributes to the development of students' self-directed learning at SDN Semper Barat 11. This research provides valuable insights for educational practitioners in designing more effective learning strategies and offers empirical groundwork for enhancing learning methods oriented towards developing students' self-directed learning.

This study analyzes the application of collaborative governance in overcoming the phenomenon of overcrowding of visitors and its impact on environmental security at Kaimana Hospital, West Papua. The background of the research is based on the imbalance in the capacity of hospital infrastructure (serving 65,490 people) with the high number of visits, exacerbated by the habit of the community transporting patients en masse and the massive use of JKN services. The descriptive qualitative method is used with data collection techniques through semi-structured interviews, observations, and visual documentation. The analysis refers to the theory of Ansell and Gash (2008) which includes starting conditions, institutional design, facilitative leadership, collaborative process, and outcome. The results of the study show that efforts such as limiting visiting hours and the construction of halfway houses are not optimal due to less participatory policy design, lack of structured dialogue between stakeholders, and top-down leadership. Overcrowding is triggered by narrow waiting rooms, limited facilities, and the disintegration of the queue system. Despite collaborative initiatives, the results are still partial due to weak cross-sector coordination and low community participation. Strategic suggestions include infrastructure improvement, the development of an integrated digital queuing system, intensive socialization, and the formation of collaborative teams across sectors (RSUD, government, TNI/POLRI, and the community). Conflict management training, periodic evaluation, and participatory leadership approaches are also needed to create sustainable service transformation. This study emphasizes that inclusive and transparent collaboration is the key to overcoming overcrowding and strengthening the safety of the hospital environment.

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that significantly affects the growth and development of children, particularly those aged 12–59 months. Posyandu cadres play a vital role in assisting parents in providing appropriate feeding practices for their children. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of training using booklet media in improving the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of cadres in stunting-related child feeding assistance. This research employed a pre-experimental one group pretest-posttest design involving 10 Posyandu cadres in the working area of  Health Center. The results of paired t-test and Wilcoxon tests showed significant improvements in knowledge (p = 0.000), attitude (p = 0.000), and practice (p = 0.000) after the intervention. The booklet proved to be an effective educational tool to enhance the capacity of Posyandu cadres. These findings recommend the use of booklets as a sustainable educational strategy in community-based stunting reduction programs.

Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in pregnant women is a nutritional problem that has serious impacts on the health of both the mother and the fetus, such as increased risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and labor complications. In Jambi City, CED cases have continued to rise year by year. This study aims to identify the determinants of CED among pregnant women in the working area of Putri Ayu Public Health Center, Jambi City. This study employed a quantitative approach with an analytical observational design using a cross-sectional method. The sample consisted of 82 pregnant women selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires and anthropometric measurements using MUAC. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test to examine the relationship between independent variables and the incidence of CED. The study found that the prevalence of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) among pregnant women was 28%. Statistical analysis revealed that infectious diseases (p=0.000), personal hygiene (p=0.009), environmental sanitation (p=0.037), education (p=0.004), occupation (p=0.000), and income (p=0.040) were significantly associated with CED in pregnant women. There is a significant relationship between infectious diseases, personal hygiene, environmental sanitation, education, occupation, and income with Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in pregnant women at Putri Ayu Public Health Center, Jambi City. It is expected that efforts to address chronic energy deficiency (CED) among pregnant women at Putri Ayu Public Health Center can be carried out through an integrated approach, including improvements in personal hygiene, environmental sanitation, prevention of infectious diseases, as well as enhancement of education, employment, and family income.

The implementation of a structured and organized circuit training program will yield maximum results in improving cardiovascular endurance. This study focuses on determining the effect of implementing a circuit training program using a ball on improving the cardiovascular endurance of the Porma FC Kota Malang soccer club. This research uses a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The entire study population consisted of 85 Porma FC Kota Malang players with various age characteristics. A sample of 22 players aged 15–16 years was selected using purposive sampling. The Porma FC players underwent circuit training using a ball over 16 sessions. Data collection techniques for this study utilized the Multistage Fitness Test (MFT). The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 22 software, showing that the variable obtained a significance level of 0.00 (<0.05), indicating that circuit training using a ball has an effect on the process of improving cardiovascular endurance. The average pretest improvement in endurance was 43.40, and the average posttest improvement was 48.90. It can be concluded that circuit training using a ball has a significant effect on improving the cardiovascular endurance of the Porma FC team.

Students, being academically active, may experience reduced physical activity, risking lower extremity strength, particularly in the gastrocnemius muscle. Calf raise exercises can improve this muscle's power. This study aimed to examine the relationship between calf raise frequency and gastrocnemius strength in anesthesia nursing students at Universitas 'Aisyiyah Yogyakarta. Using a pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design, 41 students were assessed via total sampling. Muscle strength was measured using a leg dynamometer and observation sheet. Wilcoxon and Spearman Rank tests revealed significant improvement (p = 0.000) and a strong relationship between exercise frequency and muscle strength. Most participants (76.2%) reported high exercise frequency and moderate strength improvement. The findings confirm a significant relationship between calf raise frequency and gastrocnemius strength, suggesting the need for increased student awareness of muscle training.