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Indonesia is one of the countries known for its various arts and cultures. One of them is batik, batik is one part of the archipelago's culture which has many motifs and patterns that are much favored by the people of Indonesia and abroad. Soursop (Annona murocata L.) is a plant that grows and bears fruit throughout the year. Soursop leaves have many health benefits, besides that the tannin content in soursop leaves can be used as a natural dye in batik cloth which can produce a reddish brown color. In this study using the experimental method using variations in concentration (40 and 80 grams) and type of fixation (lime, alum, and arbor). With the variation method that has been used, it turns out that it has an effect on the color produced. Good research results were obtained with a concentration variation of 80 grams using alum and arbor fixation substances.

Elderly is an age group that is susceptible to disease due to decreased function in the body due to the aging process. Uric acid is produced by every living thing as a result of the main metabolic process, namely a chemical process in the cell nucleus that functions to support survival. To overcome complaints of pain that appear in patients with gout, there are various pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies. The usual pharmacological therapy is taking painkillers, namely the Nonstereoidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (NSAID) group. Complementary therapy is a natural therapy including herbal therapy in the form of bay leaves. The aim of the study was to describe a decrease in uric acid levels by giving bay leaf boiled water to the elderly at the Cilacap Dewanata Institution. The results of this study were obtained after therapy by giving boiled bay leaf water, the patient was more comfortable, the pain was reduced, the last day's observations of vital signs (TTV) showed Td: 110/80 mmHg, Respiration: 20 x/minute, Pulse: 96 x /minute pain scale 2. In conclusion, the application of giving bay leaf boiled water is proven to be able to overcome the problem of diagnosing acute pain associated with physical injury agents, the implementation of self-invasion care was carried out for 3 days, with extraction the results of reduced pain.

Apple is a fruit that turn brown quickly after being cut. One method to maintain the quality of apples cut is coating the fresh-cut apples with an edible coating. Ediblei coatingi is a thini ilayer that can bei eaten and can keep the iquality ofi the icoated material. Thei study aimed toi determinei the effectiveness of edible coating aloe vera (Aloe vera chinensis L.) in inhibit enzymatic browning reaction. The designii wasi usiing icompletely irandomized idesign. The first factor was the citrus species (Citrus aurantifolia, Citrus hystrix DC, Citrus amblycarpa) iand the secondi factori was thei istorage itime (0, 3, 6 day). Edible coating applied to fresh-cut apples and tested for moisture content, total dissolved solids, weight loss, color, overall appearance, vitamin C and total plate count. Thei resultsi ishowed that aloe vera edible coating with citrus extract was not effective in inhibiting the enzymatic reaction of sliced apples. The type of citrus and storage time was affect the effectiveness of aloe vera edible coating. Citrus amblycarpa extract has a lower water content reduction effect with a water content of 54.51% on the 6th day of storage time and has an effect on the total plate count, that Citrus amblycarpa extract has decreased total plate count in day 6th. Citrus aurantifolia extract gives the effect of maintaining brightness compared to other types of citrus, with a brightness value of 58,290 on the 6th day. The type of citrus has no effect on weight loss, total dissolved solids, overall appearance. The length of storage has an effect on the effectiveness of aloe vera edible coating, the longer it is stored, the apples cut will decrease in quality.

Aglaonema plants (Aglaonema spp.) are popular ornamental plants that are famous for the beauty and diversity of their leaves. However, pest attacks can disrupt the growth and beauty of this plant. An alternative to controlling pests is to use vegetable pesticides. This research aims to test the effectiveness of organic pesticides derived from bintaro fruit extract and the effect of using banana peels as a leaf polish on Aglaonema plants. Bintaro is a potential source of botanical pesticides because it contains compounds that inhibit insect feeding. On the other hand, banana peels, which are often overlooked, actually have the ability to naturally enrich the leaves because of their nutritional content. This research used a randomized block design (RAK) with six different treatments, including a control without treatment and chemical pesticide treatment as a comparison. The results of the study showed that bintaro fruit extract had no real effect on aglaonema pest attacks, P4 treatment had a real effect, with the highest number of respondents, but P3 treatment tended to give a duller leaf shine. These results show that the use of the botanical pesticide Bintaro fruit extract did not have a significant effect in killing Aglonema pests, but P2 and P3 treatments had a better effect than other treatments in dealing with pests and P4 treatment was the best in shining Aglonema leaves.

The synthesis of PbO-Ag nanoparticles was carried out using the sol-gel method using bioreduction from fig leaf extract (Ficus Carica L). PbO is a semi-conducting metal, so it is combined with Ag metal to make PbO a conducting metal. The reason Ag is used is because the stability of silver nanoparticles plays a very important role when being characterized and applied to a product. The nanoparticles formed were characterized by PSA, PZC, XRD, FTIR, UV-Vis, DRS and SEM. From the characteristic results, it was obtained that PbO-Ag could be formed using the sol-gel method using fig leaf bioreductor (Ficus Carica L).    

Men's participation in the Family Planning (KB) program is still very minimal due to the limited choice of contraceptive methods. Efforts need to be made to develop contraceptive methods, one of which is using natural ingredients. Bitter melon (Momordica charantia L) is known to have potential benefits as a male antifertility agent. This research used an experimental design with a sample size of 20 mice divided into 4 groups randomly. Treatment groups 1-3 were given different doses, namely 100, 80, 60 mg of bitter melon ethanol extract/100g BW/day, and the control group was given distilled water for 35 days. The mice were sacrificed the day after the last dose, then spermatozoa were collected from the epididymis and their number, motility, viability and morphology were examined. The results of this study showed a significant decrease in the number and motility of spermatozoa and was directly proportional to the size of the dose given. In terms of viability parameters, there was a significant decrease at all doses. Meanwhile, for spermatozoa morphology, only a dose of 100 mg had a significant impact. The conclusion from the results of this research is that giving bitter melon fruit extract has an effect on the number, motility, viability and morphology of spermatozoa. The most effective dose is 100 mg/100 gBB/day.

This study explores the use of natural dyes as an environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic dyes for coloring batik fabric. Specifically, the researchers focus on developing natural dyes from a combination of avocado leaves and soursop leaves. The study aims to determine the impact of extraction time and the ratio of avocado and soursop leaves on the color fastness of batik cloth. Experimental methods were employed, with two extraction times (120 and 240 minutes) and three ratios of raw materials (25%:25%, 15%:35%, and 35%:15%) tested. The results of the color fastness test, which assessed washing and rubbing, demonstrated that the mixture of avocado and soursop leaves exhibited good fastness and resistance to rubbing. These findings suggest that the extracted mixture could be used effectively as a natural dye for batik fabric. Overall, this study contributes to the development of eco-friendly alternatives for the dyeing process in batik production.

Cuts are defined as a form of damage or loss of body tissue caused by a sharp object. Incision wounds are also called incision wounds which are a type of acute wound. The method used in this research is an experimental method which aims to determine the presence of wound healing activity of extract and spray gel of nipah leaf extract (Nypa fruticans. Wurmb) as well as test the physical quality of spray gel preparation using New Zealand White (male) rabbits. There were 4 test animals divided into 4 groups, the sample was divided into 4 groups, namely the positive control group with Hansaplast spray and the negative control spray gel preparation without extract, the treatment group Nipah leaf extract gel spray (Nypa fruticans. Wurmb) with extract concentration 2 %,3%,5%. In nipah leaves (Nypa fruticans. Wurmb) there are compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins. This study proved that the ethanol extract of nipah leaves (Nypa fruticans. Wurmb) could be used as an anti-inflammatory, the result was that the ethanol extract gel preparation of nipah leaves (Nypa fruticans. Wurmb) had activity towards wound healing in rabbits

Australian guava fruit (Psidium guajava L.) is thought to have antioxidant activity. Antioxidants are compounds that are useful for treating oxidative damage caused by free radicals in the body. The aim of this study was to determine the secondary metabolite content and IC50 value on the antioxidant activity of extracts and fractions from Australian guava fruit. This research used four solvents, including 70% ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction and water fraction with varying concentrations of 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 150 ppm, 200 ppm and 250 ppm. The antioxidant test was carried out using a UV-Vis spectrophotometry tool with the DPPH method at a wavelength of 515 nm with an incubation time of 15 minutes. Antioxidant activity tests show that Australian guava fruit is effective as an antioxidant in capturing free radicals. The IC50 value for the ethanol extract is 0.784 µg/mL, the n-hexane fraction is 2.448 µg/mL, the ethyl acetate fraction is 1.015 µg/mL and the water fraction is 0.676 µg/mL. All samples were included in the very strong category, but the water fraction had the best antioxidant activity among the ethanol extract, n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions.

Free radicals work by binding to molecules or cells in the body and are very dangerous because they can damage cells in the body and trigger disease. Antioxidants are compounds that can counteract the effects of free radicals. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract and the n-hexane, ethyl-acetate and water fractions of Australian guava peel (Psidium guajava L.). Extraction was carried out by maceration method using 70% ethanol. The skin of the Australian guava (Psidium guajava L.) contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, triterpenoids and saponins. Fractionation was carried out with solvents based on polarity differences obtained by the n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and air fraction. Antioxidant test by inhibiting DPPH free radicals (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl) on ethanol extract and n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction and air at several concentrations, namely 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 150 ppm, 200 ppm, and 250 ppm. The IC50 calculation results obtained for the ethanol extract were 4.406 µg/mL, the n-hexane fraction was 4.131 µg/mL, the ethyl acetate fraction was 3.812 µg/mL and the air fraction was 3.312 µg/mL. The antioxidant activity with the best IC50 value was the fraction air.

Diarrhea is a disease characterized by frequent bowel movements with watery or watery stool conditions. Symptoms are infections in the intestinal tract due to bacteria, viruses, or other parasitic microorganisms. Not a few cases of diarrhea caused by Escherichia coli bacteria. Plants that can be used as antibacterial one of them is guava leaves variates Australia.  Has biological activity as an antibacterial, because it contains several active compounds, such as: tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, and essential oils. The purpose of this study was to determine the active compounds contained in guava leaves of Australian variates and their antibacterial activity. The extraction method used is maceration with 70% ethanol solvent.  Testing its antibacterial activity with the disc diffusion method to see the inhibition zone, then testing the KHM value with liquid diffusion and testing the KBM value with solid diffusion. The results showed that guava leaf extract of Australian variates has antibacterial activity against Eschericia coli ATCC 25922 bacteria.  The average diameter of the inhibitory zone in Australian guava leaf extract concentrations of 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, 3.125%, 1.562%, respectively was 6.6 mm, 3.3 mm, 2.6 mm, 0.83 mm, 1.33 mm. The KHM and KBM values of the liquid dilution test and solid dilution of Australian guava leaf extract in this study were expressed at a concentration of 12.5%.

Background: Black cumin as one of the spices containing lactagogum. This spice in the form of black seeds has been known thousands of years ago and is widely used by the people of India, Pakistan and the Middle East to treat various kinds of diseases. to determine the effect of Habatussauda on milk production in postpartum mothers at the UPT Buay Pemaca Health Center in 2023. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design using the Pretest Posttest two Group Design research design for all postpartum mothers at the UPT Buay Pamaca Health Center who were born in June 2023 as many as 42 people were selected as samples with consecutive sampling technique which determined a sample of 30 people. The statistical test used was Mann Whitney. Results: All milk production before and after the intervention was given at a volume of <50 ml in 15 people (100%). In the intervention group for milk production with a volume of 50-89.9 ml, there were 11 people (73.3%) and 2 people (13.3%) in the control group. Meanwhile, in the production of breast milk with a volume of <50 ml, there were 4 people (26.7%) in the intervention group and 13 people (86.7%) in the control group. Conclusion: There is an effect of Black Seed extract on postpartum mother's milk production.

Sunflower (Halianthus annuus L.) is a flower that is widely consumed by the world's people. The part that is consumed from the sunflower is the seeds of the flower. Sunflower seeds have many useful ingredients in them, such as high nutritional value, being a good source of unsaturated fat, protein, inorganic compounds, vitamin E. One of the plants that has the potential as an antioxidant is sunflower (Halianthus annuus L.). The purpose of this study was to determine whether sunflower seed extract pressed powder (Halianthus annuus L.) had good physical quality, to determine whether sunflower seed extract pressed powder (Halianthus annuus L.) had antioxidant activity, to determine what concentrations of sunflower seed extract pressed powder (Halianthus annuus L.) had strong antioxidant activity as a good compact powder. Testing the antioxidant activity using the DPPH method with a positive control, namely vitamin c. The results of this study indicate that sunflower seed extract (Halianthus annuus. L) can be made into solid powder preparations, has an extract antioxidant activity of 96.78 μg/mL and has antioxidant activity when made into pressed powder preparations of 176.20 μg/mL with a concentration of 2.5%, 143.51 μg/mL with a concentration of 5%, and 121.22 μg/mL with a concentration of 7.5%.

Kombucha tea is a traditional beverages product manufactured from fermented tea and sugar solutions. Using Acetobacter xylinum sa starter. Kombucha tea has a refreshing sour taste, but the distinctives aroma make kombucha tea less attractives to consumers. Red roses (Rosa damascene) are a source of anthocyanin pigments that have not been widely used.  In addition, to increase the economic value of roses.  Based on research that has been done, red roses contain antioxidants in the form of purplish red anthocyanins.  The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the type of sugar and the concentration of rose extract on the characteristics of rose kombucha produced.  This study used Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The factors used were the concentration of rose tea (1g/250ml, 2g/250ml, 3g/250ml) and variations in the type of sugar (palm, sand, fine).  The best chemical and organoleptic analysis based on the highest antioxidant activity was the addition of palm sugar and the concentration of the addition of rose tea 1g/250ml with a total phenolic of 10.17mg GAE/L, total dissolved solids (TPT) 11.10%, acidity (pH) 3.86, antioxidant activity 48.28%, vitamin C 11.41%, 13.63% for total sugar, sour taste score 3.06, rose flavor 2.15 and 1.10 for overall preference the addition of palm sugar and the concentration of the addition of rose tea 1g/250ml. Kombucha made from rose extract can be an alternative functional food.

A peel-off gel mask is a cosmetic used for facial skin care in the form of a gel. Porang tuber extract peel-off gel mask (Amorphophallus muelleri) contains polyphenolic tannins which are efficacious as antioxidants. This study aims to determine the formulation of peel-off gel mask preparations of porang tuber extract and to determine the physical evaluation and antioxidant test of peel-off gel mask preparations of porang tuber extract using the DPPH method. Experimental formulation method with 7% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) base. The active ingredient used is porang tuber extract with a concentration of 0.5% (F1), 1% (F2), and 1.5% (F3). Evaluation of the preparations carried out were organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, drying preparation test, spreadability test, hedonic test and stability test. Based on the results of the stability test, it was shown that the peel-off gel mask preparation of porang tuber ethanol extract at various concentrations met the requirements for each test parameter. The antioxidant test results showed that F1 had an IC50 value of 48.75 ppm, F2 had an IC50 value of 43.18 ppm, and F3 had an IC50 value of 11.15 ppm which means that the three formulas have very strong antioxidant activity.

Chinese betel plant (Peperomia pellucida), an herbal plant belonging to the Piperaceae family, Chinese betel plant (Peperomia pellucida). Research Stages: sample collection, extract preparation, extract standardization, determination of non-specific parameters, phytochemical screening, preparation of test solutions, anti-inflammatory activity tests, treatment of test animals. The results of maceration were filtered using filter paper, then the entire filtrate was concentrated using a vacuum evaporator and water bath at 60℃ to obtain a thick extract. The yield of 96% ethanol extract from Chinese betel powder (Peperomia pellucida) obtained was 4.531%. Based on the results, it has non-specific characteristics, namely drying shrinkage of 9.26%, ash content of 7.9% and water content of 4.15%. Phytochemical screening the compound tested was positive, A dose of 150 mg/kgBB is also an effective dose in inhibiting the formation of edema seen from the effect it gives is stable and has the highest percentage of edema inhibition compared to other doses, which is 34,35%.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. A highly-effective therapy in cancer is chemotherapy using doxorubicin. Sustainable doxorubicin usage could damage the kidneys due to Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) formation that could be seen by increased levels of BUN and creatinine. Curry leaves are commonly found in Aceh and has high antioxidant rate so it has the potential to suppress kidney damage due to the use of doxorubicin. These antioxidants could be useful for decreasing levels of BUN and creatinine. The purpose of this research is to test the nephroprotective effect of Ethanol Extract of Curry Leaves (EECL) to prevent kidney failure on doxorubicin induced wistar strain male white rats. The method of this research is experimental with post test only control group design. The number of samples used was 25 rats which were divided into 5 groups. Positive control group (given vitamin E), negative control group (given CMC-Na 0,5%), and treatment groups (given EECL at doses 50 mg/kgBB, 100 mg/kgBB, and 200 mg/kgBB) orally for 7 days straight and doxorubicin 15 mg/kgBB was induced on the 8th day. The results show that the BUN levels in the treatment group given EECL at doses 50 mg/ kgBB and 100 mg/kgBB are close to the positive control group, but the creatinine levels are still significantly different. Meanwhile, the treatment group that was given EECL at dose 200 mg/kgBB, both BUN and creatinine levels, are close to the positive control group. The conclusion of this study is that EECL has a nephroprotective effect on doxorubicin induced rats and the most effective dose is 200 mg/kgBB.

This study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial effectiveness of chemical compounds from the water fraction of leunca fruit. Leunca fruit extract was obtained by maceration, then the results of maceration were evaporated and then fractionated. Antimicrobial activity testing was carried out using the agar diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Candida albicans ATCC 01231. The concentration variations of leunca fruit water fraction used were 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%. The results of the antimicrobial activity test of leunca fruit water fraction compounds obtained the average inhibition diameter of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 microbes respectively 7.5 mm; 8.3 mm; 8.8 mm; 9.5 mm; and 10.4 mm. On the microbe Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 consecutively 7.8 mm; 8.1 mm; 9.3 mm; 10 mm; and 11.4 mm. while on the microbe Candida albicans ATCC 01231 the diameter of the bland chemical compound of leunca fruit water fraction is only found in the 50% concentration variation with an average inhibition diameter of 9.1 mm. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the water fraction of leunca fruit (Solanum Nigrum L.) has activity as an antimicrobial against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Candida albicans ATCC 01231 with the largest inhibition zone diameter shown in the 50% concentration variation.

Arabic language education holds a pivotal role in global intellectual and cultural development as the language of the Quran and profound literary works. However, the era of globalization and digital technology presents new challenges and opportunities. Teaching methods and access to information have undergone transformative changes due to technological advancements (Muis, 2020). Addressing this, a systematic literature review is warranted to comprehend the development of Arabic language education in the digital age. This research focuses on the development of digitally-based learning materials, applications and platforms for Arabic language education, the effectiveness of technology-based teaching methods, as well as their impact on Arabic language proficiency and student motivation. Challenges and potential solutions in adopting technological approaches will also be analyzed. Employing a qualitative approach, this study employs a systematic literature review method to extract insights from various literary sources. The anticipated outcome will provide educators with valuable guidance on leveraging technology effectively in Arabic language education and navigating the evolving dynamics of education in the digital era.

Plant disease is one of the problems in the world of agriculture. Early identification of plant diseases can reduce the risk of loss, so automation is needed to speed up identification. This study proposes a custom-designed convolutional neural network (CNN) model for plant disease recognition. The proposed CNN model is not complex and lightweight, so it can be implemented in model applications. The proposed CNN model consists of 12 CNN layers, which consist of eight layers for feature extraction and four layers as classifiers. Based on the experimental results of a plant disease dataset consisting of 38 classes with a total of 87,867 image records. The proposed model can get high performance and not overfitting, with 97%, 98%, 97% and 97%, respectively, for accuracy, precision, recall and f1-score. The performance of the proposed model is also better than some popular pre-trained models, such as InceptionV3 and MobileNetV2. The proposed model can also work well when implemented in mobile applications.