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This study develops Prezi-based audio-visual learning media aimed at improving motivation and economics learning outcomes for Grade X students at SMA X. The primary issue addressed is the low motivation and achievement among students due to the use of monotonous teaching methods and unengaging media. This research distinguishes itself by integrating Prezi’s Zooming User Interface (ZUI) with economics content, aligning with the independent curriculum and the Pancasila student profile. The study follows the Four-D Research and Development (R&D) model, consisting of Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate phases. Data were collected through needs analysis, expert validation, and a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design. Two classes, each consisting of 36 students, participated in the study. The learning media developed integrates various components such as text, images, charts, animations, and audio explanations, creating a comprehensive and interactive learning experience. The media was validated and found to be suitable, practical, and flexible for classroom use. The experimental group using the Prezi-based learning media saw a significant improvement in their learning outcomes. The average score of this group increased from 43.472 to 86, showing a substantial gain. In contrast, the control group, which used traditional methods, showed a smaller increase in average score, from 43.056 to 66.389. These results indicate that Prezi-based media is an effective tool for enhancing students' motivation and learning outcomes. It provides an innovative and engaging alternative for teachers, making economics content more dynamic and accessible. The study suggests that integrating such audio-visual tools can play a crucial role in improving the quality of learning, fostering both student engagement and academic achievement.

Limited internet access in remote areas remains a major obstacle to equitable digital education in Indonesia. This situation significantly impacts student and teacher accessibility to digital learning resources, which are increasingly becoming a necessity in 21st-century learning. One way to address this obstacle is to provide alternative technology infrastructure that does not rely on external internet connections. This study aims to implement and evaluate a local server system without a quota at SMKN 1 Bantan as a solution for providing educational materials in environments with limited network coverage. The local server system is designed to store various learning content, including text, video, and interactive modules, which can then be accessed through the school's internal network. This mechanism allows students and teachers to access materials more quickly and stably, free from quota limitations and dependence on commercial internet networks, which are often slow or unavailable. The implementation results indicate that the local server is able to improve the accessibility and speed of distribution of learning materials. Teachers can easily upload teaching materials, while students can access them anytime through devices connected to the school network. Surveys conducted with students and teachers also indicate a high level of satisfaction with this system. They assessed that local servers facilitated the teaching and learning process, supported student independence, and reduced technical barriers that often arose due to weak internet connections. Furthermore, this study emphasized the importance of utilizing appropriate technology in educational settings in remote areas. Implementing local servers without quotas proved to be a relatively inexpensive, easy-to-manage, and sustainable solution to support equitable digital education.

A mentoring activity on the use of the interactive media ZEP Quiz was conducted at SDN Palrejo with the primary goal of improving teachers' skills in utilizing gamification-based learning technology. The background to this activity stems from the fact that most teachers at the school are not yet familiar with or use ZEP Quiz, despite the availability of adequate digital facilities. This minimal use of technology leads to a monotonous learning process and does not facilitate active student engagement. However, in today's digital era, the implementation of innovative learning media is crucial for improving the quality of education. The methods used in this activity included initial observations, interviews with teachers, direct mentoring, and practical use of ZEP Quiz with students in class. The mentoring was designed in the form of structured training that included an introduction to the features, the creation of questions based on Bloom's Taxonomy, and strategies for integrating ZEP Quiz into learning scenarios. The results of the activity showed a significant increase in teachers' knowledge and skills. Teachers were able to operate ZEP Quiz independently, develop questions according to cognitive level, and apply them to the teaching and learning process. The implementation in the classroom received a positive response from students, characterized by high enthusiasm, active participation, and a fun, competitive atmosphere. These findings support previous research on the effectiveness of gamification in improving student motivation, engagement, and learning outcomes. In conclusion, mentoring the use of ZEP Quiz has proven effective in strengthening teacher competency while creating interactive learning that motivates students. Going forward, innovative and sustainable efforts are needed, including varying question content, developing gamification strategies, and integrating with other digital platforms, to avoid declining motivation due to the novelty effect and ensure the sustainability of technology-based learning in schools.

A mentoring activity on the use of the interactive media ZEP Quiz was conducted at SDN Palrejo with the primary goal of improving teachers' skills in utilizing gamification-based learning technology. The background to this activity stems from the fact that most teachers at the school are not yet familiar with or use ZEP Quiz, despite the availability of adequate digital facilities. This minimal use of technology leads to a monotonous learning process and does not facilitate active student engagement. However, in today's digital era, the implementation of innovative learning media is crucial for improving the quality of education. The methods used in this activity included initial observations, interviews with teachers, direct mentoring, and practical use of ZEP Quiz with students in class. The mentoring was designed in the form of structured training that included an introduction to the features, the creation of questions based on Bloom's Taxonomy, and strategies for integrating ZEP Quiz into learning scenarios. The results of the activity showed a significant increase in teachers' knowledge and skills. Teachers were able to operate ZEP Quiz independently, develop questions according to cognitive level, and apply them to the teaching and learning process. The implementation in the classroom received a positive response from students, characterized by high enthusiasm, active participation, and a fun, competitive atmosphere. These findings support previous research on the effectiveness of gamification in improving student motivation, engagement, and learning outcomes. In conclusion, mentoring the use of ZEP Quiz has proven effective in strengthening teacher competency while creating interactive learning that motivates students. Going forward, innovative and sustainable efforts are needed, including varying question content, developing gamification strategies, and integrating with other digital platforms, to avoid declining motivation due to the novelty effect and ensure the sustainability of technology-based learning in schools.

This research is based on the importance of relevant and contextual teaching materials that foster understanding and practice of religious values, particularly in the teaching of voluntary fasting at the elementary school level. In the context of Islamic religious education, voluntary fasting material not only aims to provide knowledge but also to shape students' religious character from an early age. The purpose of this study is to critically examine the suitability of the learning objectives, materials, and teaching methods in the teaching materials with the expected competency achievements in the curriculum. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a document study approach, through content analysis of Islamic Religious Education and Character Education teaching materials for grade VI. Data were collected through documentation techniques and interviews with Islamic Religious Education teachers, then analyzed through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results show that the teaching materials generally contain voluntary fasting material in accordance with the applicable curriculum. However, there are still shortcomings in aspects of material depth, relevance to students' daily lives, and the diversity of learning methods used. The materials tend to be textual and do not fully encourage students' emotional involvement or spiritual practices. Furthermore, the emphasis on character building and internalization of religious values ​​in students' lives is not optimal. The conclusions of this study indicate the need to develop more applicable, interactive, and contextual teaching materials to improve students' understanding, religious attitudes, and active involvement in consciously and consistently observing the sunnah fast. As a follow-up to these findings, collaboration between teachers, textbook authors, and curriculum developers is crucial to ensure that teaching materials are not only cognitively appropriate.

This study aims to conduct an in-depth study of various effective classroom management strategies at the elementary school level. Classroom management plays a crucial role in supporting the smooth running of the teaching and learning process, as a successful learning process is greatly influenced by a conducive, orderly, and enjoyable classroom environment. Teachers serve not only as transmitters of material but also as classroom managers tasked with creating a learning climate that supports active student engagement. Good classroom management is believed to minimize disruptions, improve discipline, and foster student motivation. The research method used is library research, reviewing various academic sources such as books, scientific articles, research journals, and relevant previous studies. This approach was chosen to obtain a comprehensive overview of classroom management strategies that have been proven effective in educational practice in elementary schools. The results of the study indicate that effective classroom management strategies encompass several key aspects. First, the development of clear and mutually agreed-upon classroom rules so that students understand the boundaries of expected behavior. Second, the use of varied learning methods to accommodate different student learning styles. Third, the provision of positive reinforcement as a form of appreciation for student behavior and achievement. Fourth, establish good communication between teachers and students to build mutual trust and increase active participation. Implementing these strategies has been proven to improve discipline, reduce learning barriers, and create a classroom environment conducive to the optimal development of children's potential. These findings are expected to serve as a practical reference for teachers, schools, and related parties in designing more effective, innovative, and sustainable classroom management.

This research focuses on the role of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers in actualizing the values of Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah (Aswaja) Annahdliyah as one of the Islamic guidelines that develop and are firmly rooted in Indonesia. Aswaja values have distinctive characteristics that emphasize moderation, tolerance, and maintaining religious traditions that have been acculturated with local culture without abandoning the principles of Islamic law. In the context of education, Aswaja is an important foundation in shaping the character of students who are religious, nationalist, and able to appreciate diversity in a multicultural society. The purpose of this study is to find out: (1) how to implement the role of PAI teachers in integrating Aswaja values in the learning process at MA NU Assalafie Babakan Ciwaringin Cirebon, (2) problems that arise in the actualization process, such as limited student understanding, differences in family backgrounds, to the challenges of globalization currents that can affect religious understanding, and (3) efforts made by teachers to overcome them, for example, through a personal approach, strengthening Aswaja-based teaching materials, and collaboration with schools and parents. This study uses a qualitative method with a field study approach. Data was obtained through observation, in-depth interviews with madrasah heads, deputy heads of student affairs, and five PAI teachers, and documentation of learning activities. Data analysis was carried out through the stages of reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawn, then tested for validity with the source triangulation technique. The results of the study show that the role of PAI teachers is very crucial in maintaining the value of Aswaja so that it remains relevant and internalized in students.

The low level of students’ understanding of Islamic practices and values in daily life remains a significant challenge in the teaching of Islamic Religious Education (IRE) at the elementary school level. The teaching of IRE on the topic “Hajj and Qurban” in Grade V at SDN Bangbayang, Cisolok District, plays a strategic role in shaping Islamic character and instilling noble moral values in students. This study aims to critically examine the learning objectives, teaching materials, instructional methods, evaluation system, references, and teaching resources used in the learning process. The research employed a qualitative approach with data collected through classroom observation, interviews with teachers and students, and an analysis of instructional documents. The findings reveal that, in general, the teaching of IRE in Grade V has been implemented in accordance with the objectives and curriculum standards. Teachers have designed teaching modules based on the basic competencies and learning goals outlined in the curriculum. However, several aspects still require further development. Among these are the limited relevance of the learning materials to students’ everyday experiences, the lack of integration of technology-based media, and an evaluation process that places greater emphasis on cognitive aspects while paying less attention to affective and psychomotor domains. This situation indicates that while the learning process is carried out in line with procedural standards, students’ comprehension of Islamic values in practical and contextual terms remains insufficient. Therefore, strengthening the understanding of Islamic teachings in real-life contexts is essential so that students not only acquire theoretical knowledge but are also able to internalize and practice Islamic values in their daily lives. The teaching module currently used is adequate, yet further development is needed to make learning more practical, contextual, and impactful in fostering a strong Islamic character among students.

This community service activity was conducted as an effort to introduce integrated learning innovations based on Augmented Reality (AR) technology using the Assemblr Edu application to teachers at SMAN 1 Leuwiliang, Bogor, and several other schools in Bogor Regency. This activity was motivated by the underutilization of interactive digital technology in the learning process, particularly in helping teachers visualize abstract material. The implementation methods included preparation, webinar promotion, webinar implementation, a brief technical training session on creating learning materials using the Assemblr Edu application, and guidance in designing AR-based learning content during the webinar. Participants were asked to create AR-based teaching materials using Assemblr Edu according to the subjects they teach. In addition to providing theoretical material, the implementation team also conducted hands-on practice to ensure participants developed the skills to create AR content independently. The results of the activity showed high enthusiasm from the participating teachers, with 85% of participants stating that the training was very helpful and that they felt more confident in integrating AR technology into classroom learning. Participants were also able to produce several prototypes of Augmented Reality-based learning media that can be used as interactive teaching tools. This activity not only improved teachers' technological literacy but also broadened their understanding of how digital technologies such as AR can be creative solutions to enhance the quality of learning and student engagement. Through this community service activity, it is hoped that teachers will become agents of change in utilizing innovative technologies to create more engaging, interactive, and technology-driven learning experiences that align with the demands of 21st-century educational technology. Additionally, this program serves as a strategic step to strengthen teachers' capacity in addressing future challenges in digital learning.

This research aims to formulate an inclusive Christian Religious Education (CRE) strategy by making love the core pedagogical principle in responding to the challenges of diversity in the modern era. The problem addressed is the prevalent tendency toward exclusive and normative CRE approaches, which are often less relevant in diverse societies. The methodology employed is qualitative descriptive through a literature review of theological and pedagogical works. The novelty of this study lies in integrating love as an educational approach that is not only a taught value but also a teaching method and a transformative goal. The findings indicate that love can foster dialogical and empathetic relationships in the learning process, strengthen Christian identity without being exclusive, and empower teachers to act as facilitators of reconciliation. Thus, this approach enables CRE to be relevant and contextual, shaping students with Christian character who are ready to be agents of peace in a pluralistic society.

This research was conducted with the main purpose of examining and analyzing the specific needs of elementary school teachers in designing and implementing a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model that is grounded in the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework, with the ultimate goal of enhancing students’ critical thinking skills as a crucial competency in the 21st century. The study is rooted in the understanding that critical thinking is not only a fundamental learning outcome but also a key skill for students to thrive in modern society, while at the same time recognizing the current limitations in technology integration within elementary-level PBL practices. A quantitative descriptive method was employed, involving a purposive sample of 100 elementary school teachers who provided data through structured questionnaires and interviews. The analysis focused on five core indicators, namely teachers’ initial knowledge of TPACK-based PBL, the availability of facilities to support its implementation, teachers’ participation in relevant professional training, the degree of TPACK integration in classroom learning, and the actual application of PBL in teaching practice. Findings revealed that only 36% of teachers possessed sufficient awareness of TPACK-based PBL, 40% reported having adequate facilities in their schools, 40% had previously joined related training, 36% had integrated TPACK into their instruction, and 50% had applied PBL in their classrooms. These results clearly demonstrate a significant gap between existing practices and the ideal conditions needed for maximizing the potential of TPACK-based PBL. Consequently, the study emphasizes the urgency of developing and strengthening this model by improving teacher knowledge, ensuring continuous professional development opportunities, and promoting the effective use of technology to foster innovative, contextual, and student-centered learning that can systematically nurture critical thinking abilities in elementary school students.

This study aims to examine and analyze the Islamic educational values ​​contained in the local tradition of Ada' Tuho Ulumanda and its implementation at the Darul Ulum Islamic Boarding School, Popenga Village, Ulumanda District, Majene Regency. The Ada' Tuho tradition is one of the cultural heritages of the Ulumanda community that is full of moral, social, and spiritual values ​​that are closely related to the principles of Islamic education, especially the values ​​of faith, morals, and society. In the context of Muslim society, local traditions are not only seen as cultural symbols, but also function as a medium for transmitting religious values ​​that strengthen Islamic identity while maintaining social harmony. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data obtained are analyzed thematically to reveal the Islamic educational values ​​contained in the practice of Ada' Tuho and its form of implementation in the Islamic boarding school environment. The results of the study indicate that the Ada' Tuho tradition contains a number of important values, including: the value of monotheism that emphasizes faith and respect for God's power, moral values ​​that include honesty, responsibility, discipline, and respect for parents and others, and social values ​​in the form of solidarity, mutual cooperation, deliberation, and justice in community life. The implementation of these values ​​at the Darul Ulum Islamic Boarding School is carried out through a formal learning process, habituation of worship, exemplary behavior of the ustaz, and strengthening the character of students based on the integration of Islamic values ​​and local wisdom. Thus, the Islamic boarding school plays a role as an agent of preserving religious culture that is able to harmonize Islamic teachings with local traditions constructively, making it relevant to strengthening contextual Islamic education in the modern era.

Learning fatigue is a serious challenge in the world of education, including in Christian Religious Education (CRE) subjects. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of active learning methods in overcoming learning fatigue among students in CRE subjects. Furthermore, it aims to provide theoretical and practical contributions to the field of basic education, particularly in formulating more adaptive, interactive, and psychologically appropriate learning approaches. This article employs a qualitative research method by analyzing the effectiveness of active learning methods as a solution to address such boredom. Active learning methods, which include strategies such as group discussions, simulations, role-playing, and project-based learning, have proven to increase students' cognitive, emotional, and social engagement. In addition to providing an enjoyable learning experience, this approach also reinforces Christian values in the context of PAK learning. This article concludes that active learning is not only capable of reducing learning boredom but also improving the quality of the learning process holistically. Therefore, teachers need to continuously develop their pedagogical and spiritual competencies to achieve transformative PAK learning that frees students from boredom. This study is expected to serve as a practical reference for teachers and policymakers in designing relevant, interactive, and contextual learning strategies. Moreover, the implementation of active learning methods in CRE subjects can also foster a deeper connection between students and the spiritual teachings of Christianity. By engaging students through hands-on activities such as role-playing biblical stories or collaborating on projects related to Christian values, students are encouraged to actively reflect on their faith in a more meaningful and personal way.

This study aims to improve the ability to recognize geometry in children aged 5–6 years through the block game method at Nurul Muslimin Mosque Kindergarten. The research was conducted as Classroom Action Research (CAR) with a qualitative approach. The subjects of this study were children in group A at Nurul Muslimin Mosque Kindergarten, with research carried out collaboratively between researchers, teachers, and the principal. The procedure followed a systematic design consisting of two cycles, each divided into four stages: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Data were collected through observation, testing, and documentation to measure the development of children's ability to recognize geometric concepts. The results showed a significant increase in children's ability to recognize geometry through the block game method. In the pre-cycle, only 23.33% of children demonstrated the expected level of ability. After the first cycle, this figure increased to 53.33%, indicating moderate progress. By the end of the second cycle, 86.66% of the children had reached the expected competency, showing a remarkable improvement. These findings highlight the effectiveness of the block game method in fostering cognitive development, particularly in the area of early geometry recognition among preschool-aged children. The conclusion of this study emphasizes that implementing block games as a teaching strategy not only enhances children's recognition of geometric shapes but also supports active learning, creativity, and collaboration. Therefore, educators are encouraged to integrate play-based learning methods such as block games into early childhood education programs to improve fundamental mathematical concepts and prepare children for higher learning stages.

In the digital era, teachers must not only master technology but also develop strong strong information literacy to support thoughtful, responsible, and contextually relevant pedagogical practices. This study aims to identify comprehensive strategies to enhance teachers’ information literacy as part of their professional development. Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), ten empirical studies published within the past five years were selected from Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, employing the PRISMA protocol and Boolean search techniques. Thematic analysis revealed five key strategies: integrating digital media into teaching, providing professional development programs, fostering collaborative learning communities, promoting innovative and reflective information use, and strengthening policy support. These strategies collectively foster teachers’ ability to think reflectively, act responsibly in information use, and apply contextually grounded pedagogical approaches in their classrooms. The study concludes that improving teachers’ information literacy requires a multidimensional approach that combines pedagogical innovation, continuous digital training, and institutional backing. The proposed framework offers practical insights for schools, policymakers, and teacher educators in designing adaptive, sustainable, and context-sensitive models for teacher professional growth in the digital age.

This research aims to identify institutional quality, quality improvement strategies, and obstacles faced in the implementation of strategies at MTs Sholatiyah Petir Serang in the 4.0 era. The main focus of the research includes three aspects, namely: 1) institutional quality at MTs Sholatiyah Petir Serang, 2) strategies implemented by madrasah heads to improve institutional quality, and 3) obstacles faced in the implementation of these strategies. The results of the study show that the institutional quality at MTs Sholatiyah Petir Serang has advantages in developing students' character, applying religious values, and utilizing technology in learning activities. However, challenges still arise in terms of human resource management, limited infrastructure, and the ability of teachers and education staff to the rapid development of educational technology. The strategies implemented by madrasah heads in improving institutional quality include the implementation of needs-based personnel management, improving teacher competence through continuous training, optimizing the use of technology in teaching and learning activities, and creating a conducive, collaborative, and competitive school environment. The main obstacles faced include the limited mastery of new technologies, lack of financial resources and infrastructure, and the urgent need for adaptive and innovative leadership. The findings of this study confirm the importance of effective, flexible, and needs-oriented strategies in the 4.0 era in managing educational institutions. By optimizing the quality improvement strategy and overcoming various obstacles, MTs Sholatiyah Petir Serang has the potential to improve institutional quality while strengthening its role as a madrasah that is relevant to the demands of the times.

This community service activity was carried out with the primary objective of improving the Qur'an reading skills of the women of the Majelis Taklim (Islamic study group) through systematically designed intensive training. Reading the Qur'an properly and correctly is an obligation for every Muslim, but in reality, many people, especially the women of the Majelis Taklim (Islamic study group), still face obstacles in aspects of makhraj, tajwid, and fluency. This condition encourages the need for a targeted coaching program to improve the quality of Qur'an reading, so that the values ​​of Islamic teachings can be understood and practiced more accurately. The training was held in early July 2025 with a total of 35 participants from the Majelis Taklim (Islamic study group) with diverse reading ability backgrounds. The methods used included lectures, demonstrations, reading practice, individual guidance, and ongoing evaluation at each meeting. This approach was chosen so that participants not only gain theoretical knowledge but also practical skills that can be immediately applied. Evaluation was carried out through observing reading ability, courage to ask questions, and active participation in group exercises. The results of the activity showed a significant improvement in the participants' Qur'an reading skills, both in terms of letter pronunciation, application of Tajweed rules, and fluency in reading holy verses. The participants' enthusiasm was evident in their eagerness to participate in all sessions, their sincerity in practicing, and their active interaction during the learning process. Furthermore, this activity also fostered new motivation for participants to continue improving their reading quality independently and create a conducive learning environment in the Islamic study groups. Thus, this training proves that the right learning strategy, supported by high motivation from participants, can have a positive and sustainable impact on improving the quality of Quran reading. It is hoped that this type of program can be replicated in other Islamic study groups so that its benefits are even broader for the community.

This study is motivated by the difficulty students face in understanding the concept of food chains, which is attributed to the conventional teaching methods still in use. Therefore, the researcher believes that the application of a new teaching model is expected to enhance student engagement in the teaching and learning process, ultimately improving learning outcomes. Natural Science is often considered difficult because of its many theories and the lack of variation in teaching methods, leading to poor student performance. Given these issues, an innovative teaching model is necessary. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model on students' knowledge in the Natural Science subject. The research method used is an experimental method with a quasi-experimental design. The study population consists of 50 fifth-grade students, with 25 students in the experimental group and 25 students in the control group. The hypothesis tested is that there is an effect of the Problem-Based Learning model on Natural Science learning outcomes. The results of the study show that the Problem-Based Learning model has a significant effect on students' knowledge. This is evidenced by the t-test results, which show a t-value of 12.400, greater than the t-table value of 2.01. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Problem-Based Learning model positively affects the understanding of food chain concepts in fifth-grade students. The findings of this study are expected to be beneficial for teachers in improving the quality of their teaching, for students to better understand the material through more engaging methods, and for the school environment in developing innovative and effective teaching practices.

Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) is an important component in creating healthy living habits, especially in elementary school children. Education about PHBS needs to be instilled from an early age to form a sustainable healthy lifestyle. This study aims to determine the effect of interactive education on improving the understanding of second-grade students at Dharma Loka Elementary School Pekanbaru regarding PHBS. In this study, 50 students were involved using a pre-experimental design through the One Group Pretest-Posttest Design method. The educational intervention was carried out using interactive instructional games such as snakes and ladders, animated films, and PowerPoint presentations. The results showed an increase in students' understanding of PHBS after the intervention. The average score of students in the initial test was 93.2, while after the intervention, the average score increased to 100, with an increase of 6.8 points. This indicates that interactive learning has a positive impact on students' understanding of PHBS. Learning that involves teaching aids and games is proven to be more interesting for elementary school students, making them more active in the learning process. Interactive education not only improves students' understanding but also encourages them to apply PHBS more in their daily lives. The use of media such as games, animated films, and PowerPoint presentations facilitates a more comprehensive and enjoyable understanding. Therefore, this approach can be an effective strategy for teaching children healthy lifestyles, while providing a fun and rewarding learning experience. This interactive education also provides students with the opportunity to learn in a more enjoyable and less boring way. Through the snakes and ladders game, students can learn the concept of healthy living (PHBS) directly in a lighter and more entertaining way. Animated films and PowerPoint presentations add variety to the learning method, making the information conveyed more easily by students.

Mandarin Chinese teaching by non-native teachers is crucial in global education, given the complexity of the language and culture that require in-depth mastery. This study examines the roles, characteristics, challenges, and effective teaching strategies implemented by non-native Mandarin Chinese teachers. Using a qualitative approach and descriptive-analytical literature review, this study collected data from accredited journals and books from online databases such as Google Scholar, ResearchGate, and national journal portals. The results show that non-native teachers are required to have strong linguistic mastery, comprehensive Mandarin Chinese language skills, a deep understanding of Chinese culture, as well as pedagogical and psychological competencies, including the ability to manage classes and utilize modern technology. Characteristics of effective non-native teachers include sensitivity to observation, critical analysis skills, creativity, good communication, and adaptability. Mandarin Chinese training, such as at LKP AEC Semarang, has proven important to improve the competence of non-native teachers through planned, interactive learning structures and continuous evaluation. A comparison of the effectiveness between native and non-native teachers shows differences; native teachers excel in language mastery and higher student grades, while non-native teachers are more effective in explaining the material in depth with patience. The role of non-native teachers is crucial and integral, encompassing motivator, facilitator, role model, learning designer, and evaluator. Non-native teachers also face challenges such as pronunciation and writing difficulties, limited media resources, lack of confidence, and cultural differences. Solutions include the use of digital media, interactive learning strategies, and professional training. Overall, non-native teachers play a fundamental role in Mandarin Chinese language teaching and have the potential for success. With a strong foundation of materials, innovative strategies, adequate training support, and high self-confidence, they can enhance student interest and understanding, although challenges must be addressed strategically.