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Leadership plays a crucial role in conflict management within educational organizations. Conflicts, whether interpersonal or structural, are inevitable due to differences in backgrounds, interests, and objectives among individuals within the organization. This study aims to analyze the role of leadership in identifying, managing, and effectively resolving conflicts. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, the research explores leadership styles such as transformational and collaborative leadership, which contribute to constructive conflict management. The results of the study indicate that leaders in educational organizations act as mediators, facilitators, and decision-makers capable of addressing conflicts through open and dialogical communication approaches. Furthermore, an inclusive, transparent, and justice-based organizational culture is identified as a key element in preventing future conflicts. Effective conflict management not only resolves issues but also strengthens interpersonal relationships and enhances overall organizational performance.

This study investigates the impact of dual citizenship on political participation and national identity in Indonesia. Despite dual citizenship not being officially recognized under Law No. 12 of 2006 on the Citizenship of the Republic of Indonesia, many Indonesians living abroad encounter this status. This research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative methods, to explore the challenges faced by dual citizens in political engagement and how this status affects their political identity. Findings indicate that individuals with dual citizenship often face legal uncertainties, difficulties in political participation, and conflicts regarding political loyalty. Comparative analysis with countries that recognize dual citizenship, such as the United States and several European Union nations, reveals that acknowledging dual citizenship can facilitate better political participation and reduce identity conflicts. Based on these findings, it is recommended that Indonesia consider reforming its citizenship policies, enhance education on political rights, and strengthen international dialogue to address the challenges associated with dual citizenship.

This research discusses how Indonesia can integrate Pancasila values in anti-terrorism policies, amidst international pressure which often leads to harsher approaches based on the standards of Western countries. An approach that prioritizes security can conflict with Pancasila principles, such as respect for human rights and social justice. Pancasila as the basic ideology of the state emphasizes the importance of balance between individual rights and the interests of society. In facing the threat of terrorism, Indonesia needs to adopt policies that not only strictly enforce the law, but also prioritize prevention through education, community empowerment and strengthening human values. This research aims to analyze how Pancasila values are implemented in Indonesia's anti-terrorism policy and the challenges that arise in harmonization with international norms. Globalization and technological developments pose new challenges in the spread of radical ideology, so policies are needed that are responsive but still based on Pancasila. Indonesia's anti- terrorism legal policy must be able to balance tough law enforcement with a humanist and dialogical approach, in line with the spirit of Pancasila which upholds just and civilized humanity. It is hoped that this research can contribute to more humane and effective policies.

The role of Pancasila as a source of law within the adat (customary law) system in Indonesia involves analyzing its alignment and contemporary challenges. Pancasila, as the state ideology, serves as a fundamental guide for the formulation and application of laws throughout Indonesia. However, integrating Pancasila's values into the diverse adat legal systems presents significant challenges regarding both value alignment and practical application. This study uses qualitative analysis with a case study approach to evaluate how Pancasila’s principles are implemented in adat law and assess how well these values align with existing adat norms. Findings indicate that despite efforts to reconcile Pancasila with adat law, there are several obstacles, including differences in value interpretation, resistance from indigenous communities, and difficulties in harmonizing national and adat laws. The article concludes that a more dialogic and inclusive approach is needed to align Pancasila with adat law and recommends policy reforms and enhanced understanding of Pancasila's values at the local level to ensure fair and sustainable legal enforcement.

This research discusses the relationship between citizenship in international law, with a focus on two implications, namely extradition treaties and diplomatic immunity. Citizenship has an important role in the extradition process and the application of diplomatic immunity because often an individual's citizenship status influences legal and diplomatic decisions. Through literature analysis, recent case studies, and international comparisons, this research identifies that legal and political decisions on extradition and the application of diplomatic immunity are influenced by citizenship. Modern cases, such as the involvement of Julian Assange and Chelsea Manning, forgivemin prove the lack of balancing between international obligations and individual rights. Variations in legal practices between countries, including differences between European countries, the United States, and Asian countries, highlight the need for more consistent international standards. This research recommends increased multilateral dialogue, transparency of legal processes, and long-term case studies to improve understanding and practice regarding citizenship in international law.

Deixis is a field of pragmatic study that discusses the relationship between language structures. and where the language is spoken. The use of the term "deixis" is being observed or noticed in this context. Most often seen in daily conversation is in the form of spoken language. Found in character dialogue in literary works such as films. The study entitled "Variations of Charm Deixis and Time Deixis in the Short Story Smokol by Nukila Akmal" examines the use of various charm deixis and time deixis by Nukila Akmal. Person and time deixis are part of the variety of deixis studied in this research. Researchers use analytical methods in the form of pragmatics with qualitative techniques to analyze the data that has been collected. The data used in this research include fragments of speech from short story conversations, both words and phrases that contain deixis, including: charm deixis and time deixis. The reading-note method of capturing data, recognizing, categorizing, analyzing, formulating and presenting data are the stages of analysis in this research. Data analysis illustrates that a short story written by Nukila Akmal with the title Smokol has a deixis of charm and time.

The advancement of science and technology in society has become an important need, impacting the improvement of human resource quality and the emergence of new fields such as Visual Communication Design (DKV). One form of DKV development is User interface (UI), which helps users get information and interact with products. In supporting design processing, software assistance is needed, one of which is CorelDraw X7. To determine the quality of the CorelDraw X7 UI, an analysis was carried out using the theory of 8 Golden Rules of Interface Design which has indicators: Strive For Consistency, Seek Universal Usability, Offer Informative Feedback, Design Dialogs to Yield Closure, prevent errors, Permit Easy Reversal of Actions, Keep Users in Control, and minimize short-term memory load. The results of this study using the descriptive qualitative method show that the CorelDraw X7 UI is in the good category. Three indicators, namely Strive For Consistency, Seek Universal Usability, and Permit Easy Reversal of Actions, are applied optimally. Four indicators are applied well but not optimally, namely Offer Informative Feedback, prevent errors, Keep Users in Control, and minimize short-term memory load. The Design Dialogs to Yield Closure indicator is in the less than good category. Suggestions for improvement include reducing feedback delay, updating the status bar icon, adding languages ​​other than English-US, and updating the toolbox icon to reduce errors in selecting tools.

The increase in population without the support of adequate waste management facilities, such as the availability of Temporary Shelters (TPS), has caused the people of Blitar Regency to have the habit of throwing rubbish carelessly in rivers or the habit of burning rubbish. This can cause various negative impacts on the environment and health. This research highlights the importance of the "Bacem Berseri" Waste Bank program to create public awareness in managing waste in a healthier and more sustainable way. The aim of this research is to analyze the implementation of collaborative governance in waste management in Bacem Village, Sutojayan District, Blitar Regency. The research method used was descriptive qualitative, data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews with stakeholders, including Environmental Service officials, village heads, administrators of the "Bacem Berseri" Waste Bank, and local residents. Data analysis techniques include data collection, data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research show that collaboration between parties, including government, society, NGOs and the private sector, can increase the effectiveness of waste management through collaborative governance mechanisms. Key findings include the importance of face-to-face dialogue, facilitative leadership, commitment to process, and shared understanding in increasing community participation and building trust. The Waste Bank system implemented has had a positive impact in reducing waste accumulation and providing financial benefits for residents. However, the challenge lies in efforts to increase public awareness in all RTs to participate actively.

Religious pluralism in Indonesia requires every religious community to live side by side with different beliefs. In the midst of this situation, Christian Religious Education (PAK) has a strategic role in strengthening the Christian faith, helping people to face the challenges of pluralism with strong understanding and belief. PAK not only teaches religious doctrine, but also shapes Christian character which includes love, forgiveness, truth and tolerance. Through inclusive learning methods, such as Bible study, interreligious dialogue, and character formation, PAK helps Christians understand their faith identity in depth and foster wise and loving attitudes towards followers of other religions. Therefore, PAK contributes to producing Christians who are firm in their beliefs, compassionate, and able to live in harmony in a religious society.

Conflict is an inseparable part of human interaction and occurs at various levels of life, from individuals, groups, to society. This article discusses the sources, signs and factors that trigger conflict which are often interrelated in creating disputes. Conflicts can arise due to differences in interests, values, unequal distribution of resources, or imbalances of power. Signs of conflict generally appear through tension between individuals or groups, communication breakdowns, and the emergence of aggressive or resistive attitudes. Factors causing conflict are further understood as the result of structural and psychological elements such as misunderstanding, stereotypes, injustice and dissatisfaction. Understanding the sources, signs and causes of conflict provides valuable insight into efforts to manage and resolve conflict effectively, whether through dialogue, mediation or sustainable conflict transformation approaches.    

Christian Religious Education (PAK) plays a crucial role in strengthening the value of tolerance among Indonesian society which is very diverse in cultural, religious, tribal and ethnic aspects. In the context of a pluralistic society, PAK aims to instill the values ​​of love, forgiveness, respect and empathy in accordance with Christian teachings. These values ​​are the basis for harmonious interaction between individuals from various backgrounds. This article discusses how PAK can be a means of increasing understanding of inter-religious tolerance through inclusive education that respects diversity. Through the PAK learning process, Christians are taught to respect differences without viewing other religions or cultures as threats. On the contrary, these differences are considered as wealth that deserves respect. PAK also plays a role in creating inclusive character, which helps students to practice love and respect for others, as taught by Jesus in the message 'love your neighbor as yourself. ' In this context, interreligious dialogue is strongly encouraged as a preventive measure against conflict and to strengthen unity amidst diversity. PAK teachers, with full responsibility, are tasked with guiding students so that they are able to live in harmony with various groups, without being influenced by differences. It is hoped that PAK's contribution will be able to create a society that is harmonious, harmonious and far from conflict, thus making Indonesia a model of a pluralistic society full of tolerance and unity.

Diversity in society is an unavoidable reality, especially in Indonesia which is known for its plurality of ethnicities, religions, and cultures. Christian Religious Education (PAK) has an important role in preparing the younger generation to live in harmony amidst differences. This article explores strategies that can be applied in PAK to face the challenges of diversity. The research conducted by the researcher is a qualitative descriptive study using a qualitative library approach. This approach focuses on describing the research problem. With an inclusive approach, PAK can help students understand and appreciate differences, promote interfaith dialogue, and encourage real actions that contribute to peace and social justice. The results show that PAK that is responsive to diversity is able to form individuals who not only have strong faith, but are also open and ready to contribute positively in a pluralistic society. The proposed strategies include integrating inclusive values ​​into the curriculum, developing interfaith dialogue skills, and strengthening student involvement in social activities that prioritize cooperation between religious communities. Christian Religious Education also plays an important role in improving the quality of Indonesian society, both in knowledge, attitudes, spirituality, and daily life. In this way, Indonesian people will have knowledge of God and strong faith in living a righteous life every day. 

Christian Religious Education (CRE) plays a significant role as a means of character formation for students within the complex multicultural context of Indonesia. CRE not only emphasizes understanding Biblical teachings but also instills values such as love, tolerance, and moral responsibility, which are relevant to cultural and religious diversity. In a diverse society, character education through CRE aims to shape individuals who respect differences, are able to live harmoniously, and serve as "salt and light" in society. Through an inclusive and dialogical approach, CRE teaches students to appreciate diversity without losing their Christian identity. This study employs a literature review method to identify the challenges and opportunities in implementing CRE as a character-building tool in a multicultural society. The results show that a multicultural approach in CRE creates space for interfaith dialogue, helps prevent intolerance, and shapes a generation committed to values of peace and love. Thus, CRE not only plays a role in students' faith formation but also in building the tolerant character needed in a pluralistic society

This article examines the role of Christian religious education in Indonesia as a tool for creating unity amidst the diversity of society. With a long history of forming character and positive values, this education needs to adapt to the context of advanced society. Through emphasizing the values ​​of tolerance, interfaith dialogue, and character development, Christian Religious Education aims to reduce tensions between various religious groups. This article also highlights the contribution of education in social activities and community service that supports social and economic development. In facing the challenges of globalization, education must continue to innovate by utilizing technology to instill inclusive values. In conclusion, Christian religious education not only functions to educate individuals, but also as an agent of social change, creating a society that is more united and harmonious in diversity.

This Study explores the important role of Cristian Education (PAK) values ​​in the lives of diverse communities. Within the framework of pluralism, values ​​such as love, tolerance, and justice are key to creating interfaith harmony. With a qualitative approach, this study examines how PAK values ​​are applied in social interactions, education systems, and community activities.The results of the study indicate that the application of PAK values ​​not only strengthens Christian identity, but also supports positive dialogue between religious communities. The conclusion of this article confirms that the integration of PAK values ​​can serve as a bridge to building a more inclusive and peaceful society, and reduce the risk of conflict in diversity.

English proficiency is a crucial skill in the globalization era, especially in business, communication, and industry sectors, which demand this international language as a competitive advantage. Over the past decade, advancements in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have significantly impacted English learning, including through online platforms like YouTube and Canva. This study examines the utilization of these two platforms in English teaching at MA Hidayatul Insan Palangka Raya, particularly on the topic "Word Order of Adjective." The methods used include visual presentations with Canva and interactive videos from YouTube. In its implementation, students engaged in dialogues, watched instructional videos, and participated in quizzes as a form of comprehension assessment. The study results indicate that using YouTube and Canva significantly enhances students' participation and learning motivation while reinforcing vocabulary acquisition and comprehension through an interactive approach. Recommendations are provided for the application of these digital media in high school English learning, with suggestions for further research involving long-term impacts and variations in teaching methods across different educational contexts.

This article explores the role of religious education in fostering interfaith dialogue in multicultural societies. It examines how religious education can cultivate mutual respect, understanding, and cooperation between different religious communities. The study also discusses the pedagogical strategies that can be adopted in religious education to support interfaith dialogue and contribute to social harmony.

Amid rising challenges of intolerance, social polarization, and the strengthening of exclusive religious sentiments, interreligious dialogue has become a strategic instrument for nurturing diversity and reinforcing national harmony. This study examines how interreligious dialogue contributes to strengthening the pillars of harmony as outlined in the concept of the Tri Kerukunan Umat Beragama (Three Pillars of Religious Harmony). It also explores the extent to which this concept remains relevant and effective in addressing the current dynamics of religious diversity in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to analyze the role of dialogue as a mechanism of cross-faith communication in fostering mutual understanding, cultivating respect for differences, and promoting harmonious social relations within a pluralistic society. Using a qualitative approach through a comprehensive literature review, this study investigates various scholarly works related to interfaith dialogue, religious harmony, and Indonesia’s socio-religious landscape.The findings indicate that interreligious dialogue functions not only as a means of resolving differences and preventing conflict but also as a transformative space that strengthens trust, cooperation, and solidarity across religious communities. Thus, dialogue remains a crucial pillar in achieving sustainable and inclusive religious harmony in Indonesia, although it requires

This study aims to analyze the strategies of the Ministry of Religious Affairs Office in strengthening religious moderation among the community and to comprehensively identify the supporting and inhibiting factors in its implementation. Religious moderation is a strategic issue in maintaining harmony, tolerance, and social integrity amid the increasing complexity of religious and cultural diversity in Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach through interviews, observations, and documentation as data collection techniques to obtain in-depth and relevant information. The findings indicate that the strategies implemented include strengthening religious literacy through outreach and guidance activities, cross-sector collaboration with religious leaders and local governments, optimizing the role of religious instructors, and utilizing social media as an effective means of public education. In addition, fostering the younger generation through interfaith dialogue programs and inclusive religious activities serves as a preventive measure to counter radicalism and intolerance. The challenges faced include limited human resources and resistance from certain community groups toward religious moderation programs. Overall, the strategies implemented are considered fairly effective in fostering tolerant, inclusive, and harmonious attitudes within society.

The drama “Dag Dig Dug” by Putu Wijaya is an interesting literary work to analyze, especially in terms of its elements. This research was conducted to understand the intrinsic elements in the drama Dag Dig Dug by Putu Wijaya. Intrinsic elements are important elements in a literary work. A work cannot be called a literary work if one of the elements is not present in it. This research aims to understand the important elements in the drama, such as theme, plot, character, setting, dialog, and mandate, so that we can understand the meaning contained in it. The problem to be answered in this study is what elements exist in Putu Wijaya's Dag Dig Dug drama and how these elements are interconnected to form a story. The purpose of this research is to explain these elements. The main data source is the play Dag Dig Dug by Putu Wijaya and several journals and other relevant sources. The method used is qualitative with a literature study approach. The author collects and analyzes various literary theories to identify the elements in the script. The results show that the elements in this drama include theme, character, plot, setting, dialog, and mandate. The theme is about life. There are 8 characters in this drama. The plot uses a loose plot. The setting of the story is in the house of a husband and wife. The dialog of the eight characters helps reveal the story. The mandate is about the importance of applying moral and ethical values, especially the value of honesty in life. Overall, the elements in Putu Wijaya's Dag Dig Dug interact with each other to create a work that is not only entertaining, but also thought-provoking for the audience. This research is expected to provide deeper insight into Putu Wijaya's work and the elements that make up a drama in Indonesian literature.