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This research aims to determine the function of the Barongsai art in the Chinese community in Payung Sekaki District, Riau Province. The theory used in this research is the theory of Allan P Merriam (1964:219:227) which states that art has functions, namely 1) communication function 2) entertainment function 3) symbolic function 4) function of integrating society. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis using qualitative data, with data collection techniques namely observation, interviews and documentation techniques. The subjects in this research were 4 people. The communication function of the lion dance art in Payung Sekaki District can be seen through the movements and appearance of the lion dance and the performers. Wushu martial arts movements and costumes from performers and lion dance. The entertainment function of the Lion Dance art in Payung Sekaki District is not only performed during Chinese New Year holidays, but also other events such as wedding parties, company inaugurations, and welcoming guests. The symbolic function of Barongsai art in Payung Sekaki District can be seen from several symbols of the Barongsai, such as the symbol of courage and strength marked by the beard on the Barongsai's chin and the symbol of prosperity and good luck marked by the ears and tail. The function of integrating the Barongsai art community in Payung Sekaki District certainly creates a sense of togetherness that exists between players and spectators, which indicates that there is community integrity in the Barongsai art.

This study aims to identify words that contain lexical ambiguity, explore their meanings, and classify them in the children’s book Amelia Bedelia by Herman Parish. The data were collected from the Amelia Bedelia Chapter Books series, which consists of twelve books published between 2013 and 2018. The analysis identified a total of 58 words with lexical ambiguity, including 46 instances of polysemy and 12 of homonymy. The classification of polysemy and homonymy is based on the semantic relatedness or unrelatedness between the multiple meanings of each word. The Amelia Bedelia stories effectively illustrate how children perceive and react to lexical ambiguity through the main character, Amelia, who is known for her literal interpretations of figurative language. This literal understanding often leads to humorous situations. Lexical ambiguity in these books functions not only as a source of entertainment but also as a valuable linguistic learning tool. Therefore, the stories contribute to language development in early childhood readers.

Quality control is a crucial aspect in various fields, such as education, the food industry, and manufacturing, as it functions to maintain the consistency of service or product quality. Inaccuracy in managing quality can cause financial losses, damage an institution's reputation, and reduce stakeholder trust. Based on this urgency, this study reviews recent literature to answer the main question of how quality control strategies can be effectively applied in diverse organizations. The review was conducted through a qualitative literature review approach by exploring scientific publications via Google Scholar and the Publish or Perish (PoP) application. Article selection was based on the relevance of keywords related to quality control and was limited to publications from 2020–2025. Out of 24 articles found, filtering was done until 5 of the most relevant articles remained for in-depth analysis. The analysis reveals three main findings. In higher education, a strong internal quality system and a sustainable quality culture are needed. The food industry emphasizes the standardization of raw materials and optimization of production processes. Meanwhile, the manufacturing sector makes extensive use of statistical techniques and tiered inspections. Overall, the effectiveness of quality control requires a combination of technical, managerial, and organizational culture aspects. Future research is recommended to explore the integration of digital technology and sustainability principles in quality control practices.

Infusion Device Analyzer is a tool for testing the performance of an infusion pump and Syringe Pump. This tool measures flow and occlusion provided by the infusion pump and syringe pump. So a tool is needed to calibrate the infusion pump and syringe pump according to applicable standards so that swelling does not occur in the patient. The design of this calibration tool can also be used as student learning material so that students can understand and comprehend the working principles of the Infusion Device Analyzer. This tool is made using the Arduino Uno control system and there is an occlusion and flow measurement display along with room temperature and humidity which will be displayed on the Nextiton 4'3 Inch LCD. Accompanied by an optocoupler sensor as a liquid flow detector and an MPX5700AP sensor as a liquid pressure detector which is equipped with a DHT22 sensor as a room temperature and humidity meter. This calibrator tool is also equipped with a solenoid valve to regulate the entry of fluid to be measured between flow or occlusion measurements. The function test results show that the flowrate measurement of 10 is 12ml/h, 50 is 54ml/h, 100 is 105ml/h while the occlusion with a rate of 100 is 2.66 psi and the tolerance value for the parameters is appropriate. Therefore, the tool created is close to the desired plan and can be used as a suitable comparison of whether a Syringe Pump or Infusion Pump tool is suitable after repairs or during maintenance. This tool can also be used in learning for students to understand the parts of the working principle of this tool.

An electrostimulator is a medical device designed to deliver controlled electrical stimulation to nerves and muscles, supporting rehabilitation and therapy for patients with neuromuscular disorders. This study focuses on designing and developing a portable electrostimulator that offers three distinct waveform modes: continuous wave, discontinuous wave, and dense-disperse wave, providing versatility for different therapeutic needs. The device is powered and controlled by an Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller, coupled with a Nextion touchscreen LCD interface that allows users to adjust waveform type, frequency, and stimulation intensity with ease. Waveforms are generated through an NE555 IC circuit, with amplitude adjusted via a potentiometer and subsequently amplified using a step-up transformer to achieve therapeutic voltage levels. Functionality and performance tests were conducted using an oscilloscope, and the device was benchmarked against a commercial KWD-808 electrostimulator. Results demonstrate that the developed electrostimulator reliably produces the intended waveforms, achieving peak voltages up to 32V and frequencies ranging from 33.3 Hz to 66.6 Hz, confirming its effectiveness and feasibility for non-clinical nerve and muscle therapy applications.

The development of information technology has accelerated digitization in various sectors, including in the decision-making process. In the DayTrans Shuttle service, the selection of the best route is still done manually using Microsoft Excel. This process is time-consuming, inefficient, and has the potential to cause errors and subjectivity. The purpose of this study is to design and develop a web-based decision support system by applying the Weighted Product (WP) method to determine the most optimal shuttle route objectively and efficiently. The research data was obtained through interviews, observations, and literature studies, then analyzed according to system requirements. The development was carried out through the stages of requirements analysis, database and interface design, implementation, and testing. The developed system is equipped with features for managing criteria data, alternative routes, weight calculations, and real-time presentation of recommendation results. The research results show that the system functions well, is able to speed up the route selection process, and produces accurate and transparent recommendations. Thus, this system is expected to improve DayTrans' operational efficiency while supporting the quality of inter-city transportation services.

Nava Rent Car is a car rental service business located in Batam. Many customers have complained about the difficulty in making reservations and obtaining detailed information about the vehicles and services offered. To address this issue, the author designed a more informative, functional, and appealing User Interface (UI) website to support the marketing of services. This design was developed using the Design Thinking method with SWOT analysis techniques. This approach was chosen because it focuses on the user, helping to deeply understand their needs, desires, and problems. The Design Thinking process consists of five steps: empathizing to understand the user's problems, defining the problem, ideating solutions, prototyping, and testing the design for user feedback. The result is a high-fidelity website prototype that illustrates the user flow and measures how well the design meets user needs and provides an optimal experience. Feasibility testing showed positive responses, especially regarding the interface design, clarity of vehicle information, and available features. It is expected that this design will help Nava Rent Car enhance its marketing strategy and expand its business reach.

Low Back Pain (LBP) is often caused by spondylolisthesis, which causes pain, limited mobility, and disability. Conservative physiotherapy is the primary option to reduce symptoms and improve function. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of multimodal physiotherapy interventions in patients with LBP and spondylolisthesis. A case report study was conducted on a 59-year-old female patient diagnosed with LBP and spondylolisthesis. The patient underwent three physiotherapy intervention sessions: Infrared (IR), Short-Wave Diathermy (SWD), Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS), William Flexion Exercise, Core Stability, and Strengthening. Evaluation was performed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for pain, a goniometer for joint range of motion (LGS), Manual Muscle Testing (MMT) for muscle strength, and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) for function. The results of the therapy showed a significant reduction in pain, namely silent pain from a score of 5 to 1 and pain on movement from a score of 6 to 3. Lumbar ROM increased with flexion from 70 degrees to 85 degrees. Lumbar muscle strength also improved, flexors from a score of 4 to 5 and extensors from a score of 3 to 5. ODI decreased from 55.5% (severe disability category) to 12% (minimal disability category). Multimodal physiotherapy interventions have been proven effective in reducing pain, improving LGS, muscle strength, and function in patients with LBP et causa spondylolisthesis.

The rapid growth of digital technology has significantly transformed the way children access entertainment, particularly through streaming platforms such as Netflix. One popular animated series, Masha and The Bear, especially the episode “Tracks of Unknown Animals,” presents rich visual symbolism suitable for analysis through a semiotic approach. This study applies Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, focusing on the concept of the superego, to examine the character of the Bear, who demonstrates patience, protectiveness, and tolerance toward Masha’s curiosity-driven behavior. The main objective of this research is to reveal how the representation of the superego is embodied through the Bear’s actions and responses in various challenging situations. The semiotic analysis interprets visual signs, expressions, and character interactions within the narrative. The findings indicate that the Bear serves as a moral figure representing the function of the superego in controlling Masha’s impulses and behavior. Therefore, this animated film not only provides entertainment but also conveys moral messages that reflect psychological and educational values for its audience.

The verification and validation process for land application data at the Southwest Sumba Regency Land Office has been carried out manually, which often results in delays, data inconsistencies, and the potential for errors in decision-making. These problems impact the low efficiency of public services and the accuracy of managed data. Therefore, this study aims to develop a Decision Support Sistem (DSS) that can assist the verification and validation process for land application data sistematically, quickly, and objectively. This sistem is built using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method, which functions to determine the level of eligibility of an application based on several criteria, namely completeness of documents, land status, legality of ownership, suitability of applicant data, and dispute history. The sistem design process is carried out through several stages, including needs analysis, design, implementation, testing, and evaluation. The results show that the implementation of a SAW-based DSS can increase the efficiency of the verification process by up to 65%, and increase the accuracy of validation results by up to 90% compared to manual methods. This sistem provides automatic decision recommendations, thus assisting officers in assessing the eligibility of land applications in a transparent and consistent manner. Thus, this sistem has the potential to be an effective solution to support the digitalization of public services in the land sector in Southwest Sumba Regency.

Gotong royong, or mutual cooperation, is a deeply rooted local cultural value in Indonesian society that plays a strategic role in strengthening social cohesion and promoting environmental consciousness. This study aims to explore and analyze the function of gotong royong in fostering social solidarity and raising community awareness of environmental sustainability through various communal activities. These activities include neighborhood cleaning, reforestation efforts, and participatory waste management, all of which require active involvement from community members. Using a qualitative descriptive method, the research was conducted through field observations and in-depth interviews with residents actively engaged in gotong royong practices. The findings reveal that gotong royong serves as a powerful social mechanism that encourages a sense of togetherness, mutual aid, and shared responsibility among community members. These interactions help to solidify social bonds and create a collective spirit that is vital for social resilience. In addition to reinforcing social relationships, the practice of gotong royong significantly contributes to enhancing environmental awareness. Communities become more proactive in maintaining cleanliness, preserving green spaces, planting trees, and managing waste sustainably. The study concludes that gotong royong is not merely a traditional cultural practice, but also an effective and relevant instrument for promoting social and environmental well-being in contemporary society. Its continued integration into community development programs could further strengthen both social solidarity and environmental stewardship, making it a vital component in sustainable development initiatives. Therefore, revitalizing and institutionalizing gotong royong is essential for fostering holistic and inclusive community growth.

This research aims to develop a web-based e-learning application at Sekolah Dasar Masehi Tanggaba by applying the Waterfall software development model. The background of this study stems from the need for interactive, flexible, and easily accessible learning media in the digital era, considering that conventional face-to-face methods are still predominantly used in schools. The Waterfall model was chosen because it provides a systematic workflow through the stages of requirements analysis, system design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. Data collection was carried out through observations, teacher interviews, and documentation studies to identify the actual needs of users.The results of this study produced an e-learning application with key features, including learning material management, interactive quizzes, discussion forums, and automated assessment. Teachers can upload structured materials and assignments, while students can access learning content, complete exercises, and interact through forums more flexibly. System testing was conducted using the black box method to ensure that each function runs according to user requirements and specifications. Based on the testing results, the application was proven to function properly, be practical to use, and effective in supporting the learning process. Teachers found it helpful in managing materials and assignments, while students experienced more independent and interactive learning that was not limited to the classroom. Therefore, the developed e-learning application can be considered valid, practical, and effective as a supporting learning medium in elementary schools and has the potential to improve learning quality in the digital era.

This study aims to determine the opinions of two central figures in the GPKB structure, namely Ephorus and Head of Department Marturia, regarding the role and function of the choir in the liturgy. The background of this study is based on the observation that in many worship practices within the GPKB environment, the choir is often considered only an aesthetic complement, without considering the theological and liturgical meaning that should accompany it. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were obtained through in-depth interviews with key informants, direct observation of liturgical implementation, and a review of church documents such as the Order of Worship. Analysis was carried out carefully to explore the perceptions, expectations, and direction of church policy regarding choir ministry. The results show that both Ephorus and Head of Department Marturia view the choir as a liturgical servant on a par with servants of the word. They emphasize that the choir must be a means of proclaiming the word through theologically and contextually weighty music. However, they also acknowledge that implementation at the congregation level is not yet consistent, and guidance for the choir is still minimal in the liturgical and spiritual aspects.

The development of information technology plays an important role in improving the quality of public services, including the processes of public complaints and grant submissions. Currently, these services at the Welfare Section of Situbondo Regency are still carried out manually, which often causes recurring problems such as delayed verification, lack of transparency in decision-making, and difficulties in data archiving and retrieval. These challenges not only slow down administrative processes but also reduce public trust in government services. Therefore, the design of a web-based information system is considered crucial to support the implementation of e-government and to ensure more effective, efficient, and accountable services. This study aims to design an integrated web-based information system that facilitates both public complaints and grant submissions within one platform. The research method applied is Object Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD), which emphasizes systematic analysis and modeling using the Unified Modeling Language (UML). The analysis phase includes identifying system requirements, business process modeling, and defining functional and non-functional needs. The design phase produces various models such as business process design, input-output forms, application architecture using a three-tier structure, UML diagrams (use case, activity, class, and sequence diagrams), and database modeling. The results of this research are expected to provide a system design that improves the speed of service delivery, enhances transparency through real-time status tracking, reduces the risk of data loss by implementing digital archiving, and increases efficiency in the verification process. Overall, the proposed system design contributes to strengthening good governance practices in Situbondo Regency and serves as a reference for similar developments in other local government institutions.

This study aims to analyze the role of Sio as an intermediary in traditional Nias marriage ceremonies in Ononazara Village, Tugala Oyo District, North Nias Regency. The focus is directed toward how the Sio positions himself within the customary social arena and how social, cultural, and symbolic capital serve as the foundation of his legitimacy and authority. The research problem arises from the phenomenon of social change, where the authority of parents and traditional leaders, once dominant, is now shared with the presence of the Sio as a central mediator. The study employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, validated by triangulation of sources, methods, and theories. Data analysis uses Pierre Bourdieu’s concepts of social capital and social arena to reveal the dynamics of power relations in customary practices. The findings indicate that the Sio is not merely a spokesperson but a key actor who maintains harmony, mediates Böwö (bridewealth) negotiations, and ensures effective communication between families. His position is shaped by kinship networks, deep knowledge of customs and ritual language, and social reputation. In the context of modernization, the Sio functions as both a cultural conservator and adaptive mediator who balances economic and symbolic dimensions in traditional Nias marriages.

This study aims to analyze the strategic role of the shipping agent, specifically PT. Naval Global Trans Belawan Branch, in ensuring the smooth flow of the maritime logistics chain. The shipping agent functions as a crucial intermediary coordinating contasiner distribution, bridging the interests of cargo owners, shipping companies, and the Belawan Port authority. The research utilizes a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection performed through field observation and documentary study within the Belawan Port environment. The findings identify that the shipping agent holds broad responsibilities, commencing with container booking according to the required type and size, scheduling vessel arrivals and departures, managing customs and port documentation, and monitoring container movements (from the depot to loading onto the vessel). This role is highly instrumental in determining port throughput efficiency. However, in carrying out its functions, the shipping agent encounters several significant challenges. These constraints include limited container availability, disruptions in the port information system which is not yet optimally integrated, and dynamic changes in export-import regulations. These obstacles potentially cause operational delays and an increase in logistics costs. The study concludes by emphasizing the importance of better information technology integration between the shipping agent and the port authority. Furthermore, enhancing the quality of human resources (HR) through training and certification is key to ensuring that agents can respond to regulatory changes and operational challenges quickly and professionally.

This study examines Ahmad Mustain Nasoha’s thoughts on the relationship between the constitution and Islamic law (sharia) within the context of Indonesian citizenship. The interaction between religion and the state in Indonesia has always been a dynamic discourse, particularly in balancing Islamic values as the majority religion with the constitutional principles rooted in Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. This research employs a qualitative method using a literature review approach to analyze Nasoha’s works and perspectives on integrating Islamic values into the legal and state systems. The findings reveal that, according to Nasoha, Islamic law should not be formalized in a legalistic manner but should function as a moral inspiration and social norm within national life. Through the perspective of legal syncretism, Islamic law, customary law, and national law can be harmonized to create an inclusive and just legal system. Pancasila serves as a meeting point that bridges religious and constitutional principles, allowing Muslims to practice Islamic teachings without conflicting with the constitution. Nasoha’s thought offers a moderate and contextual model of citizenship suitable for Indonesia’s pluralistic society.

The purpose of this research is to find answers to what the accounting information system is regarding inventory, cash sales and cash receipts at the Hi.Rembulan company. Can be refined according to a good and theoretically correct accounting information system for inventory, cash sales and cash receipts, so that it can be applied according to company conditions. The rationale for this research is the need to implement an accounting information system regarding inventory, cash sales and cash receipts at the Hi.Rembulan company. Then analyze the weaknesses in the company. So that alternative solutions to problems that arise can be created in accordance with a good and theoretically correct accounting information system. From the results of this research, it is concluded that in solving the problem of implementing an accounting information system regarding inventory, cash sales and cash receipts, it is best to strictly separate responsibilities and carry out accounting functions by different people to avoid cash misappropriation, the documents used are such as notes. Sales are printed serial numbers so that use can be accounted for by the authorized user of the document.

The IoT-based CO and COHb gas detector is a device used to detect the presence of carbon monoxide (CO) gas and the level of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), supported by Internet of Things (IoT) technology for remote monitoring and real-time reporting. This device will be used in hospital rooms, serving as an important solution in efforts to ensure the safety of patients, medical staff, and hospital visitors. With the presence of the CO and COHb gas detector, hospital staff will find it easier to detect the presence of CO gas in the rooms within the hospital. The operation of this device is quite simple: just place the device in the room in the "on" condition, and it will automatically detect the CO and COHb gas present in that room. The measurement results of CO and COHb gas will be directly sent to Google Sheets for storage of the measurement results. The creation of this device requires several components, such as the ESP32 as the microcontroller, DHT11 as the temperature detection sensor, MQ7 as the CO gas detection sensor, and the application of IoT using a Google Sheets web app to monitor results remotely and store measurement results. According to the analysis of the device created by the researchers, the performance or functionality test results of the CO and COHb gas detector can be used smoothly. The author conducted functional tests or performance tests of the device by measuring data in a free room, roadside environment, motorcycle exhaust smoke, active smokers, and passive smokers.

The increasing demand for cloud computing services has led to the rapid expansion of cloud data centers, which consume significant amounts of energy and contribute substantially to global CO2 emissions. As the IT industry grows, the environmental impact of these data centers becomes an urgent concern. Green Cloud Computing (GCC) has emerged as a solution to mitigate this impact by focusing on energy efficiency and reducing carbon footprints while maintaining the necessary functionality and performance of cloud infrastructures. However, traditional blockchain consensus algorithms such as Proof of Work (PoW) and Proof of Stake (PoS) face limitations regarding energy consumption and scalability, which exacerbates the environmental burden. This study proposes a quantum-inspired blockchain consensus algorithm designed to optimize energy consumption and reduce latency in cloud data centers. By integrating quantum principles such as superposition and entanglement, the algorithm enhances task scheduling and resource utilization, enabling more energy-efficient operations without sacrificing performance. Simulations in a green cloud environment showed that the quantum-inspired algorithm resulted in up to a 30% reduction in energy usage compared to traditional consensus methods, with a 40% improvement in consensus processing time. These results suggest that quantum-inspired algorithms hold significant potential for enhancing the sustainability of cloud infrastructures by improving energy efficiency and scalability. Furthermore, this study discusses the feasibility of implementing quantum-inspired algorithms on classical hardware, addressing challenges in scalability and integration into existing blockchain frameworks. The findings provide valuable insights into the potential of quantum-inspired technologies to drive energy-efficient solutions in cloud computing.