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Bullying remains a serious issue in elementary schools, affecting children’s psychological, social, and academic well-being. Limited student understanding of the forms and impacts of bullying encouraged students of the Community Service Program (KKN) from Mayjen Sungkono University to implement an anti-bullying education program at Tawar State Elementary School. This activity aimed to enhance students’ understanding of bullying while fostering empathy and care toward peers. The program employed an educative–participatory approach through presentations, interactive discussions, question-and-answer sessions, and ice-breaking activities tailored to the characteristics of elementary school students. The participants consisted of 39 students from grades 4 and 5. Evaluation was conducted through observations of student participation, enthusiasm, and their ability to answer questions related to the delivered material. The results indicated that most students were able to understand the concept of bullying, its types, negative impacts, and prevention strategies. Furthermore, students began to apply anti-bullying values in their daily social interactions within the school environment. Anti-bullying education is expected to serve as a preventive measure in creating a safe, comfortable, and supportive school environment that optimally supports students’ growth and development.

The PPA Symphony recorded 7,842 cases of violence against children by mid-2024, indicating the need for preventive efforts through early sexual education. Sexual education for children aims to improve their understanding of body awareness, body privacy, and self-protection from inappropriate behaviors. This community service activity aimed to increase students’ understanding of sexual education through interactive PowerPoint media. The activity was conducted at SD Negeri Gebang Surakarta on April 25, 2025, involving 63 students from grades 3, 4, and 5. The method used was an interactive lecture supported by PowerPoint media, storytelling, and mini games. Evaluation was conducted using pre-test and post-test questionnaires to measure students’ knowledge. The results showed an increase in the average knowledge score from 9.827 in the pre-test to 10.210 in the post-test. These findings indicate that interactive PowerPoint media is effective in improving students’ understanding of basic sexual education, particularly regarding body parts, body privacy, safe and unsafe zones, and strategies for refusing uncomfortable behaviors. Therefore, interactive learning media can serve as an effective educational strategy to strengthen early sexual education among elementary school students.

This study examines the effectiveness of classical guidance services in reducing gadget addiction among twelfth-grade students. Gadget addiction has become a growing concern in modern educational settings, as excessive use of digital devices often interferes with students’ academic performance, social interactions, and emotional stability. The research applies a quantitative methodology with a quasi-experimental approach, specifically utilizing a one-group pretest-posttest design. Participants were selected through purposive sampling based on indications of high gadget dependency. The intervention was conducted through structured classical guidance sessions focusing on awareness building, self-control improvement, and practical time management skills. Data were collected using a validated gadget addiction scale administered before and after the intervention, then analyzed using parametric statistics to determine the significance of the results. The findings indicate a significant decrease in gadget addiction levels following the implementation of the classical guidance program. This result highlights the importance of preventive and developmental counseling services in schools. The study implies that classical guidance can serve as an effective strategy to help students regulate their digital behavior and foster healthier lifestyle patterns in the digital era.

Indonesia is a country with a high level of vulnerability to various natural disasters, making it essential to improve disaster mitigation literacy from an early age, particularly among primary school pupils. However, disaster mitigation education in schools is often still theoretical and lacks engaging and contextually relevant learning materials. Therefore, this initiative aims to enhance pupils’ understanding of disaster mitigation and environmental awareness through the use of an interactive magazine module accompanied by educational stickers. This community service activity was carried out at Giriwungu Primary School, Girirejo Village, Imogiri Sub-district, Bantul Regency, targeting Year 3 primary school pupils. The implementation method employed an educational-participatory approach through several stages of activity, namely the screening of educational videos, the distribution of interactive magazine modules, independent reading activities, the presentation of picture stories, and interactive quizzes to assess pupils’ understanding. The results of the activity showed that the pupils demonstrated high levels of enthusiasm and participation throughout the session, and the majority were able to grasp the basic concepts of waste management and the importance of protecting the environment as part of disaster mitigation efforts. Consequently, the use of interactive magazine modules can serve as an effective literacy tool for enhancing pupils’ understanding and fostering awareness of environmental care and disaster mitigation from an early age.

This study analyzes the dynamics of "Early Marriage and Shattered School Hopes" regarding eroded psychological well-being and pawned adolescent ideals in Brebes Regency. Using a qualitative case study design, data were gathered via in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis from eight informants, processed using Miles and Huberman's interactive model. Findings reveal early marriage is not merely a social event but systemic trauma damaging psychological structures through three aspects: first, victims' psychological conditions marked by identity loss, prolonged anxiety, and "fatalistic resignation"; second, lost educational access due to interactions of "normative-cultural coercion," "institutional structural barriers," and "economic-domestic double burdens"; third, manifestations of buried ideals comprising "hindered academic grief," "identity cognitive conflict," and "internalized existential despair." The research proves education loss from early marriage destroys human potential, altering character, leaving spiritual voids, and perpetuating intergenerational poverty cycles, thus urgently demanding holistic interventions including psychosocial rehabilitation and alternative education pathways. This study's main contribution is introducing the "systemic trauma" concept that actively extinguishes adolescents' existential hopes, filling literature gaps by providing a detailed psychological map to formulate recovery policies previously neglected in early marriage prevention discussions.

Sexual behavior among adolescents is a reproductive health issue that can lead to various consequences, such as unplanned pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections, and the risk of dropping out of school. Technological developments and easy access to digital media also influence how adolescents obtain information and shape their attitudes and behaviors. Therefore, innovative, engaging educational media that align with the characteristics of younger generations are needed; one example is the use of animated videos. This community service activity aims to increase students' knowledge about sexual behavior through animated videos. The activity was held on May 6, 2024, at SMA Negeri 5 Surakarta, with 51 students in attendance. The methods used included interactive lectures, screenings of 3-minute 4-second animated videos, discussion sessions, and evaluations through pre- and post-tests. The evaluation results showed an increase in students' knowledge with an average score of 2.84 points. Thus, animated videos have proven effective in increasing adolescents' knowledge about sexual behavior and have the potential to be an engaging and educational health promotion medium.

Bullying in the school environment is a social health problem that has a massive impact on children’s physical, mental, and social well-being. As the primary educational environment, schools need to implement a structured, safe, and child-friendly bullying reporting system. Objective: This conceptual study aims to design the implementation of a bullying reporting system based on school health administration using the functional management approach: planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling (POAC). The methods and components of the reporting system are designed through the four POAC pillars, namely the establishment of an Anti-Bullying Team, the preparation of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), the provision of child-friendly reporting media both physical and digital through the School Health Unit (UKS), and the development of monitoring and evaluation mechanisms (controlling). School health administration is used as an initial screening tool to identify indications of victim trauma discreetly and safely. The implementation of this POAC-based system is expected to improve the early detection of bullying cases, accelerate case handling responses, and eliminate stigma and fear of reporting among children. Conclusion: The integration of health administration and POAC management has proven to be a strong framework for creating a safe, inclusive school environment that strongly supports students’ mental health recovery.

This study examines the predictive influence of religious habituation and teacher role modeling on students’ emotional intelligence in an Islamic elementary school context. A quantitative approach with an ex post facto design was employed, involving 78 students selected through total sampling. Data were collected using Likert-scale questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The findings indicate that religious habituation has a positive and significant effect on students’ emotional intelligence, while teacher role modeling demonstrates a relatively stronger contribution. Simultaneously, both variables significantly predict emotional intelligence, explaining 74.9% of its variance. These results suggest that students’ socio-emotional development is shaped by the integration of structured religious practices and pedagogical modeling within the school environment. The study contributes to the ecological-religious perspective on character education by emphasizing the importance of consistent spiritual habituation and teachers’ personal competence in fostering emotional regulation and social skills. Practically, Islamic elementary schools are encouraged to strengthen religious culture programs and support teachers’ emotional and moral development to enhance students’ emotional intelligence.

This study aims to descriptively analyze the ability of elementary students to imitate rhythmic gymnastics movements through the Just Dance Now application in Physical Education learning at SDN Bulay 1 Pamekasan. The background of this research stems from the low motivation and movement accuracy of students in conventional rhythmic gymnastics learning. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, this study involved 24 fifth-grade students as subjects. Data collection techniques included participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that students' ability to imitate rhythmic gymnastics movements through Just Dance Now falls into the sufficient category, with students demonstrating good proficiency in basic movement patterns but experiencing challenges in complex body coordination and musical rhythm synchronization. The application successfully enhanced student enthusiasm and engagement compared to traditional methods. However, technical constraints such as internet connectivity and limited space were identified as implementation barriers. This study implies that digital game-based media like Just Dance Now can serve as an effective alternative visual aid in elementary physical education, particularly for rhythmic gymnastics instruction. Educators are encouraged to integrate technology creatively while addressing infrastructural limitations to optimize learning outcomes.

This study is motivated by the important role of licensed coaches in implementing the Filanesia curriculum to improve the quality of early-age football development. The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the significance of the impact of training programs implemented by licensed coaches on the improvement of holistic performance (technical, tactical, physical, and mental aspects) of students at the Mitra Persada Football School (SSB) in Cilongok, Banyumas. The method used in this study is a quantitative experimental approach with a Pre-Experimental Design, specifically the One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The population consisted of 25 students from the Mitra Persada Football School aged 13–15 years. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, resulting in a final sample of 15 students. Data collection instruments included performance tests and questionnaires that had been validated by experts with a feasibility level of 95% (categorized as “Very Feasible”). The collected data were analyzed using the Paired Sample T-Test and N-Gain Score effectiveness test with the help of SPSS version 26. The results showed an overall improvement in performance, with the average pretest score of 58.40 increasing to 79.20 in the posttest. The Paired Sample T-Test results indicated a significance value (Sig. 2-tailed) of 0.000 < 0.05, meaning that H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted. Furthermore, the effectiveness test using the N-Gain Score resulted in a value of 0.50 (50%), which falls into the “Moderate” or fairly effective category. Thus, it can be concluded that there is a positive and highly significant impact of licensed coach training programs on improving the performance of early-age athletes at SSB Mitra Persada Cilongok Banyumas.

This study investigates the impact of social support and learning motivation on students' desire to pursue higher education at SMA Negeri 4 in South Tangerang City. It employs a quantitative design through survey methods, collecting data via a Google Form questionnaire from 84 participants, with instruments validated and tested for reliability using SPSS version 27. Analysis involved simple and multiple linear regression, supplemented by t-tests for individual effects and F-tests for combined influences. Social support (X1) significantly affects interest in further education (Y), showing a regression coefficient of 1.521 (p = 0.000) and R² of 0.649. Learning motivation (X2) likewise exerts a strong positive influence on interest in higher education (Y), with a coefficient of 1.307 (p = 0.000) and R² of 0.691. Together, these factors significantly predict students' interest (F = 106.418, p = 0.000), explaining 72.4% of the variance (multiple R² = 0.724), while 27.6% stems from unexamined variables. These results highlight the critical role of social support and robust learning motivation in boosting students' aspirations for advanced studies. Schools, families, and policymakers can leverage these insights to craft targeted initiatives for enhancing postsecondary enrollment. These results highlight the critical role of social support and robust learning motivation in boosting students' aspirations for advanced studies. Schools, families, and policymakers can leverage these insights to craft targeted initiatives for enhancing postsecondary enrollment.

Bullying in schools continues to be a serious concern that adversely impacts students’ psychological well-being, social relationships, and academic performance. Factors such as low empathy, inadequate social skills, and limited environmental control contribute significantly to this behavior. This study seeks to examine the implementation of group guidance as an approach to reducing bullying among students. A qualitative descriptive method was utilized, involving participants consisting of students identified as bullying perpetrators, school counselors, and victims. Data collection techniques included interviews, observations, and documentation, which were analyzed through processes of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results reveal that group guidance leads to positive behavioral changes in students, such as enhanced empathy, greater self-awareness, and improved communication and social interaction abilities. Furthermore, a reduction in both verbal and social bullying behaviors was observed. The group dynamics established during the sessions enabled students to better understand the consequences of their actions and gain insights from the experiences of others. These findings imply that group guidance can serve as an effective and sustainable strategy for preventing and managing bullying in school settings.

This community service program aims to enhance teachers’ competence in developing Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)-based assessment items to support improved performance in the Computer-Based National Assessment (ANBK) at SMP Negeri Kletek. The main problem faced by the partner school is the limited understanding of teachers in designing assessment instruments that measure higher-order thinking skills, as well as insufficient ability to develop literacy- and numeracy-oriented questions aligned with ANBK characteristics. This condition has resulted in suboptimal learning evaluation quality and limited student readiness for national assessment. The program employed a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach, emphasizing the active involvement of participants throughout all stages. The implementation included the planning stage through needs assessment and problem identification, the action stage through training and mentoring in HOTS-based item development, the observation stage through evaluation of participants’ work, and the reflection stage to identify achievements and challenges. Data were collected using pre-test and post-test, observation, and reflective discussions. The results indicate an improvement in teachers’ understanding and skills in developing HOTS-based items, as reflected in higher post-test scores. Teachers were able to design competency-based blueprints, contextual stimuli, and analytical, evaluative, and creative questions. This program effectively strengthens teachers’ professional competence and school readiness for ANBK.

Digital literacy is an individual's ability to access, understand, evaluate, and use digital information and technology wisely, critically, and responsibly. This skill is crucial for students to use technology safely and avoid various risks in the digital space. The development of digital technology and the increasingly widespread use of social media have provided various conveniences in people's lives, particularly in communication and information access. However, on the other hand, these developments also pose various risks for children and adolescents, one of which is the crime of child grooming in the digital space. Child grooming is a manipulative act perpetrated by adults by building emotional closeness and trust with children for the purpose of sexual exploitation. This study aims to examine the role of digital literacy in raising students' awareness of the dangers of child grooming in the digital era. The method used in this study was a Systematic Literature Review (SLR. The results indicate that low digital literacy among students makes them more vulnerable to various forms of digital crime, including child grooming that occurs through social media and online games. Conversely, strengthening digital literacy through education in schools, the role of guidance and counseling teachers, and parental supervision can increase students' awareness of the risks of digital interactions and protect themselves from potential cybercrimes. Therefore, digital literacy is a crucial effort in preventing child grooming and protecting children in the era of information technology development.

The purpose of this study is to determine how the use of SOGAM puzzle media in mathematics can improve students' basic counting skills at the elementary school level, especially for addition and subtraction materials in grade 1. This study adopted a descriptive qualitative approach involving 27 grade 1 students of MI NU Hidayatul Mustafidin as research subjects. Data collection was carried out through observation and documentation during learning activities. The research findings showed that students appeared inactive in the learning process and faced difficulties in understanding the concept of addition and subtraction before the introduction of SOGAM puzzle media in mathematics. After the implementation of SOGAM puzzle media in mathematics, students' counting skills improved, as shown by increased accuracy in answering questions, speed in calculating, and better understanding of concepts. In addition, students became more active, enthusiastic, and motivated during learning. SOGAM puzzle media in mathematics can create a fun and interactive learning environment by incorporating game elements in the learning process. Thus, the use of SOGAM puzzle media in mathematics is proven to be effective in improving students' basic counting skills in addition and subtraction materials in elementary schools.

Negeri Haruru in Central Maluku Regency currently faces dual environmental challenges: unmanaged household organic waste and the frequent occurrence of surface water puddles during periods of high rainfall. This community service activity aims to educate and provide practical skills to junior high school students in Negeri Haruru regarding the implementation of 3R principles (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) through the innovation of Biopore Infiltration Holes (LRB) using recycled plastic bottles as a cost-effective alternative to conventional liners. This innovation is designed to reduce plastic waste while simultaneously managing organic waste and improving soil water infiltration capacity independently at the household level. The implementation method involved participatory socialization, interactive discussions, and hands-on demonstrations of constructing biopore installations. The results indicated a significant increase in students' understanding of the role of soil fauna as decomposing agents and their technical ability to assemble used plastic bottles into functional biopore modules. The implementation of this innovation proved effective in maintaining the structural integrity of the infiltration holes and facilitating the biological decomposition of organic waste into compost. This program is expected to serve as a sustainable community-based environmental management model to minimize puddles and address waste problems in Negeri Haruru through a low-cost, appropriate technology approach.

Education plays an important role in shaping the quality of human resources, particularly in developing students' critical thinking skills. In the learning process at school, teachers not only act as providers of information but also as facilitators who are able to create active, creative, and participatory learning environments. However, in practice, the learning process is still often dominated by one-way lecture methods, which tend to make students passive and less involved in the learning process. This condition affects the development of students’ critical thinking skills. Therefore, learning strategies that actively involve students are needed, one of which is through the implementation of Problem Based Learning (PBL).This study aims to analyze the strategies used by Islamic Religious Education teachers in implementing Problem Based Learning and its impact on students’ critical thinking skills at SMA Pembangunan V YAPIS Waena. This research employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive research design. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, while data analysis used the Miles and Huberman model which includes data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing.The results of the study indicate that the implementation of Problem Based Learning is carried out through several stages, including presenting problems related to daily life, group discussions, problem analysis, and the presentation of discussion results by students. The implementation of this learning model increases students’ activeness in the learning process and encourages the development of critical thinking skills, such as identifying problems, analyzing information, expressing opinions, and drawing logical conclusions. Therefore, Problem Based Learning can be considered an effective learning strategy for improving students’ critical thinking skills in Islamic Religious Education learning.

This research is motivated by the problem of the open unemployment rate in Maluku Province which is still fluctuating, where the influence of human capital indicators such as the Average Years of Schooling and the Gross Enrollment Rate of Senior High Schools as well as economic policies such as the Provincial Minimum Wage often show results inconsistent with theory, thus requiring further empirical studies to determine their influence in the region. The purpose of this study is to analyze and determine the partial and simultaneous effects of the average years of schooling, the gross enrollment rate of senior high schools, and the provincial minimum wage on the open unemployment rate in Maluku Province. The method used is quantitative with secondary data in the form of time series from 2015 to 2024 sourced from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of Maluku Province, and analyzed using multiple linear regression techniques. The results show that the average years of schooling have a negative and significant effect, while the gross enrollment rate of senior high schools and the provincial minimum wage each have a positive insignificant and negative insignificant effect on the open unemployment rate. Simultaneously, the three variables also have no significant effect. The implications of these findings confirm that increasing the average length of schooling is a key factor in reducing unemployment, but policies related to minimum wages and high school participation need to be reviewed and combined with other policies to be more effective in addressing unemployment in Maluku Province.  

This study aims to improve student learning outcomes in Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS), specifically on the topic of changes in the state of matter, by implementing the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model in Grade IV of SD GP Berea Tondano. The research followed a cyclical procedure consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. This study employed a classroom action research design and was conducted during the odd semester of the 2025/2026 academic year. Data were collected through observation, testing, and documentation techniques, with 15 fourth-grade students serving as the research subjects. The findings revealed significant improvements across teacher activity, student activity, and learning completeness. Teacher performance in managing instruction improved notably, with an average observation score of 73 (good) in Cycle I, rising to 93 (excellent) in Cycle II. Student engagement in the learning process likewise increased, from an average of 68.26 (good) in Cycle I to 86.53 (excellent) in Cycle II. Student learning completeness also showed marked progress, with the average score reaching 46.77 (satisfactory) in Cycle I and advancing to 100 (excellent) in Cycle II. These results demonstrate that the implementation of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model is effective in enhancing both student creativity and learning outcomes on the topic of changes in the state of matter.

This study analyzes junior high school students' errors in solving mathematics problems involving integers. This study was conducted through a systematic literature review of 12 related research articles published between 2021 and 2026. The analysis shows that students' errors in integers include contextual, procedural, and technical (calculation) errors. The most common conceptualization errors were found in the understanding of positive and negative signs and the rules for mixed operations. The main causes of errors are a lack of in-depth conceptual understanding, the habit of memorizing without understanding, and a lack of practice using concrete media. Internal factors such as learning motivation and external factors such as learning methods and media also contribute. This study recommends that the mathematics learning process emphasize meaningful conceptual understanding, the use of concrete media, and learning strategies that engage students' mathematical connection skills. Thus, difficulties in learning integers can be minimized sustainably.