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The code of ethics serves as a guideline for educators in carrying out their professional duties, especially in Christian Religious Education (PAK). This study aims to explore the role of the code of ethics in improving the quality of PAK learning. Using a qualitative approach, this study utilized literature studies, observations, and interviews with PAK teachers at the secondary school level. The findings indicate that consistent application of the code of ethics helps create a conducive learning environment, while deepening students' understanding of Christian values. By adhering to the code of ethics, teachers can act professionally, fairly, and with integrity, thereby increasing trust between teachers and students. In addition, the code of ethics is an important guide in overcoming learning challenges, such as the diversity of student backgrounds and curriculum changes. This study concludes that the code of ethics has an important role in improving the quality of PAK learning through strengthening teacher character and creating an inclusive learning atmosphere.

The church tradition in Germany not only includes liturgical and theological aspects, but also serves as an important foundation for the cultural and moral identity of German society. The differences of views and clashes between church denominations and political forces have opened up space for a deeper understanding of the meaning of tolerance, reconciliation, and fidelity to the values of faith. On the other hand, the renewal of the German church reflects an effort to remain relevant in the face of the challenges of the times, such as secularism, religious pluralism, and moral crises, including through theological and liturgical reforms. This article aims to explore how the history of the church in Germany, with all its traditions, conflicts, and renewals, can be an inspiration for Christians today. The research was carried out using qualitative methods and historical approaches, using literature studies that include analysis of primary sources such as historical records, and writings of church figures, as well as secondary sources in the form of books, journals, and scientific articles. By understanding this historical journey, believers can learn about the importance of maintaining faith in the midst of changing times, strengthening unity in diversity, and reviving the spirit of spiritual renewal that is relevant to strengthen faith in today's life.

Education is an important foundation for individual and societal development. Education systems in various countries have unique characteristics that reflect their values, history and socio-economic needs. In a global context, the education systems in the United States and Germany are examples of two very different but equally influential approaches in shaping the future of their young generation. Education in the United States is known for its diverse and flexible system. The country has adopted a decentralized model, in which educational responsibility rests largely with states and school districts. Curriculum often varies from region to region, giving freedom to adapt course material to local needs. This system also prioritizes the principle of inclusion, with various programs that support diversity and access to education for all students, including those with special needs. High schools offer a variety of educational pathways, including academic, vocational, and arts pathways, giving students the freedom to choose according to their interests and talents. Education in Germany is famous for its structured system and focus on early specialization. After completing basic education, students in Germany follow different educational paths according to their abilities and interests, through a system known as, Realschule or Gymnasium. Vocational education is also receiving great attention in Germany, with many students following a dual system that combines practical training in the workplace with theoretical education at school. This system aims to ensure that students gain skills relevant to the needs of the job market and facilitate a smooth transition from education to the world of work. With these differences in approach, each country offers valuable insight into how education can be organized to meet social and economic goals. Comparative analysis between these two systems can provide insight into the strengths and challenges of each model, as well as the potential for implementing best practices in a global educational context.

This study uses a Qualitative approach by comparing it with a descriptive method through secondary analysis by reviewing various literatures that are in accordance with the topic of discussion taken. This journal article was created with the aim of providing a deeper understanding of Generation Z's investment interests by explaining and presenting them comprehensively.This study reveals that Bibit has succeeded in capturing Generation Z's interest in investing in a simple way and in line with sharia values, without requiring large capital or in-depth financial knowledge. However, this study also highlights limitations, especially regarding the diversity of sharia products and the need for more in-depth training for beginners. The findings show that although Bibit plays an important role as a relevant sharia education and investment platform for Generation Z, there is still room for further development.

Indonesia is a country rich in useful biodiversity, such as red galangal (Alpinia purpurata K.Schum). The antibacterial and antifungal activity of the compounds isolated from the red galangal rhizome is the beginning of a new innovation to implement the concept on plants. The content of 1,8 sineol and eugenol in it makes red galangal rhizome can be used as a fungicide on lettuce plants. The widespread use of chemical-based pesticides can harm farmers and the environment with repeated exposure and over a long period of time. So biofungicide innovation is needed that can support the concept of Green Chemistry. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of red galangal rhizome extract as a fungicide on lettuce plants, as well as to analyze and determine under what conditions the fungicide from red galangal rhizome extract is optimal in eradicating Rhizoctonia Solani fungus on lettuce plants. This research was conducted experimentally using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 10 treatments. All data were tested for normality followed by homogeneity test and all data were found to be normally distributed and homogeneous. Data were analyzed with parametric statistical tests using one-way ANOVA tests and further tests using Tukey with an error rate of 10% to determine whether there was an effect of the treatment tested on the material. The results of this study indicate that red galangal rhizome extract is effective in eradicating Rhizoctonia Solani fungus on lettuce plants with an optimum concentration of 50%.

The Republic of Indonesia is well known as a country with abundant cultural and ethnic diversity, in this case it will also be at once a challenge and an opportunity for church unity. On the one hand, this diversity can be a spiritual richness that enriches church communities, but on the other hand, potential differences can also be a hindrance to unity. This article focuses on efforts to build church unity in the context of cultural diversity in Indonesia. The article will also argue that cultural diversity is not an obstacle, but rather an opportunity to enrich the witness of faith through a united church in the midst of various differences.

Christian Religious Education (CRE) in Indonesia plays a crucial role in shaping the character and morality of students. Considering the cultural and religious diversity in Indonesia, Christian religious education needs to be delivered with a multicultural perspective that emphasizes values of tolerance and respect for differences. This article aims to explore the implementation of Christian religious education in schools within the context of multiculturalism, and how this can help strengthen attitudes of tolerance and interfaith harmony. This study also discusses the challenges in implementing multicultural-based Christian religious education and how practical solutions can be applied.

Traditional architecture in North Sumatra is very diverse. There are eight types of traditional houses in North Sumatra, and each tribe also has a diversity of traditional architecture. This research summarises the diversity of local architecture, especially traditional Pakpak architecture in North Sumatra, to be used as a guide in the application of architect licensing in North Sumatra.The method used is literature study and sorting out aspects of architecture that are important to understand. These aspects are historical background, settlement patterns, building types, ornaments and examples of their application. From this research, it was found that there is a lack of scientific literature documenting traditional Pakpak architecture in North Sumatra. It is hoped that this research will encourage further research into traditional architecture which is still very under-researched.

This article discusses the theological understanding of the gifts of the Holy Spirit in 1 Corinthians 12:4-11, and its impact on the life of faith of Christians. The Apostle Paul emphasized the diversity of the gifts of the Holy Spirit given to every believer to build the body of Christ, namely the church. Although there are many different gifts, all come from one source, namely the Holy Spirit, and are intended for the common good. The theological view of Randy Frank Rouw highlights the important role of the Holy Spirit in the missionary service of the church, which enables people to sincerely accept Jesus and live His truth. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical method to examine the understanding of the gifts of the Holy Spirit and its relevance in the context of the contemporary church. Data were obtained through a literature study with content analysis using the hermeneutic method, which provides an in-depth understanding of the meaning of these gifts in the historical and cultural context of the Corinthian congregation. The study also discusses how the modern church can apply these gifts wisely, considering the challenges faced by the contemporary church, such as differences in theological views and individualism. The results of the study emphasize the importance of a correct understanding of the gifts of the Holy Spirit in the life of the church today, with the aim of introducing Jesus Christ to the world and glorifying God. The diversity of gifts must be appreciated in the unity of the body of Christ, and each congregation is expected to use these gifts in love, complementing each other, and supporting the development of the church and society. This approach aims to provide practical guidance for the church in implementing the biblical teachings on the gifts of the Holy Spirit.

Social and economic welfare reflects the quality of life in a region and is influenced by local social, economic, and environmental factors. East Java, as the second most populous province in Indonesia, faces challenges in improving the welfare of its residents, particularly due to varying regional characteristics such as employment, education, and population demographics. To understand the patterns of interrelationships among factors affecting welfare, this study conducted a klaster analysis to group regions based on similar characteristics. The klaster analysis employed both hierarchical (complete linkage) and non-hierarchical (K-means) approaches to determine the optimal number of klasters. The results revealed that the level of diversity across regions in East Java tends to be homogeneous in social and economic aspects, with average values exceeding standard deviations. Assumption tests for the klaster analysis confirmed that the data met the assumptions of multivariate normal distribution and dependency.Through hierarchical (complete linkage) and non-hierarchical (K-means) klaster analysis, two main klasters were formed, dividing districts/cities in East Java based on welfare characteristics. Using the complete linkage method, 27 regions were grouped into klaster 1, and 11 regions into klaster 2, while K-means grouped 26 regions into klaster 1 and 12 regions into klaster 2. Out of the six variables used, one variable was found to be insignificant in influencing the klastering results. Based on the mapping results, the grouping aligns with similar criteria, where urban areas predominantly fall into one klaster, and the other klaster is dominated by rural areas.

This research aims to examine Ustadz Abdul Somad's thoughts on moderate Islam and its relevance in the contemporary social and political context in Indonesia. Ustadz Abdul Somad is known for his approach that prioritizes the values of tolerance, diversity, and moderation in religion. This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through library research on books, journal articles and other reading sources. Data analysis was carried out using the content analysis method to identify and interpret the main ideas related to moderate Islam. The results of the study show that Ustadz Abdul Somad's thinking has made a significant contribution to strengthening religious moderation in Indonesia, especially in facing the growing social and political challenges. His thoughts are relevant to the dynamics of Indonesia's diversity, as well as providing guidance for the community to maintain harmony between religions in the contemporary era.

This study aims to find out and prove the influence of Good Corporate Governance, Gender Diversity, and Age diversity on financial performance in infrastructure sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2020-2023 period. The companies that became the population in this study were 69 companies by eliminating as many as 23 companies. The analysis methods used in this study are classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis testing using SPSSV26 For Windows software as a tool. The results of this study stated that the audit committee, institutional ownership, gender diversity of the board of commissioners, age diversity of the board of commissioners had no effect on financial performance. Gender diversity of the board of directors and gender diversity of the board of directors have an impact on financial performance.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of Islamic values and human rights (HR) at SMA Syekh Abdul Qodir Al Jailani Rangkang Probolinggo, based on the perspectives of the Qur’an and Hadith. The primary focus of this research is to identify how Islamic teachings, emphasizing justice, tolerance, and respect for individual rights, are applied in the educational environment. The research method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings reveal that SMA Syekh Abdul Qodir Al Jailani successfully implements Islamic principles in its curriculum to instill awareness of the importance of respecting diversity, upholding justice, and protecting human rights. The school environment is designed to support inclusivity, where every student feels accepted without discrimination. These Islamic values are realized through learning programs, extracurricular activities, and student character development. Teachers play a central role as role models in teaching and practicing the values of justice and tolerance. The conclusion of this study is that SMA Syekh Abdul Qodir Al Jailani has successfully integrated Islamic teachings with human rights principles, creating a generation that is not only religious but also socially aware. This study provides significant contributions to understanding the relevance of the Qur’an and Hadith in the context of modern education and human rights.   

Spices are parts of plants such as leaves, stems, rhizomes, seeds and other parts. One product made from spices is a functional drink. This functional drink has many good benefits for the body, including preventing various diseases, preventing the aging process, and maintaining the body's immune system. Herbal drinks are a functional drink that has many benefits for the body, the basic ingredients for which are made using spices that are often found around. People in Cimalaka Village are used to using kitchen spices to make herbal drinks.  The aim of this research is to determine the benefits of kitchen spices used by the people of Cimalaka Village as ingredients for making herbal drinks which are commonly consumed by the people in the village. The research was conducted in September-November 2024. The method used in this research used a quantitative approach with the measurement parameters Use Value (UV) and Informant Consensus Factor (ICF). This sample was taken using the snawball sampling technique with a total of 31 respondents. The research results showed that the highest spice utilization value was lemongrass (UV = 0.61) with a UV percentage of 22%, and the lowest spice utilization value was garlic (UV = 0.16) with a UV percentage of 6%. With the highest ICF value of 1, namely rheumatism, gout and gastritis with a percentage value for each disease of 21%. And the disease with the lowest uniformity value, the ICF value is 0.86, namely cholesterol disease with a percentage value of 18%. Herbal drinks have benefits for the people of Cimalaka Village which can be seen from the diversity of benefits.

Islamic education has a strategic role in shaping the character of students who are able to live harmoniously in a multicultural society. Islamic values ​​such as tolerance, mutual respect and cooperation must be taught to promote harmony amidst cultural, ethnic and religious differences. Although Islamic teachings support inclusivity and respect for diversity, its practice is often faced with challenges. Therefore, an Islamic education approach with a multicultural perspective is needed to teach students to understand that differences are God's decree and must be seen as a social force. This educational concept needs to prioritize human values, moderation and openness, as well as integrating diversity in learning. Through education that emphasizes multiculturalism, it is hoped that a generation that not only adheres to religion but is also able to maintain social harmony can be formed. This research also identifies challenges in implementing multicultural education in Islamic schools and offers strategies to overcome these obstacles.

Conservation is one of the ways taken by the government to protect, conserve, and maintain biodiversity and its ecosystems from extinction. So that the provisions of Article 21 paragraph 2 of Law no.5 of 1990 concerning the Conservation of Natural Resources and Their Ecosystems are expressly regulated regarding the prohibition of trading and utilizing protected animals, including eggs and other parts. Poaching, turtle egg theft, and coastal pollution are some of the factors that cause the drastic decline in the population of these rare animals. One of the turtle conservation places in Lembata Regency is the Loang Turtle Conservation. This research is an empirical juridical research, namely reviewing and analyzing the turtle conservation process by the people of Riabao Village and Duawutun Village, and knowing the participation of the people of Riabao Village and Duawutun Village in turtle conservation efforts. By using a special approach and approach to legislation that examines the conformity between the applicable legal provisions and the facts that occur in the field. The results of this study show that: (1) Apart from the declining population and government policy attachment related to the prohibition of turtle hunting, another major factor in the establishment of this captivity geographically is because the Loang coastline is the destination area for the migration of turtles. (2) Community participation in conservation efforts of turtles as protected animals on the coast of Loang, Riabao Village and Duawutun Village, Nagawutung District, Lembata Regency, which was initially a group of conservation youth who felt very concerned about the survival of the ancient animal.

This research discusses the potential and challenges of marine tourism development in Bantaeng Regency through a bottom-up analysis of maritime diplomacy in the policy domain of the marine tourism sector in Bantaeng, South Sulawesi. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach through secondary data analysis. The results show that the development of marine tourism in Bantaeng is supported by natural beauty, cultural diversity, and local government commitment through a bottom-up approach, which places the community as the main actor in sustainable tourism development. The research also identified a number of challenges, such as limited resources, low community awareness of tourism potential, and inconsistent community participation.

Language in the digital era functions not only as a communication tool but also as a reflection of personal and collective identity. Language use on digital platforms, such as social media, reflects self-expression, image building, and cultural affiliation. However, globalization and the dominance of foreign languages, especially English, pose challenges to preserving local identity. This study employs a qualitative approach through interviews and document analysis to explore how language shapes personal identity in the digital era. The findings indicate that language in digital spaces allows individuals to express creativity while facing social pressures to construct specific images. Nonetheless, phenomena such as code-switching and slang usage highlight the influence of global culture. To maintain a balance between global adaptation and local cultural preservation, collaboration among individuals, communities, and governments is needed through education, cultural campaigns, and technology. With this approach, language can become a tool for fostering cultural solidarity and preserving diversity in an increasingly connected world.

In the midst of the phenomenon of radicalism that threatens diversity and tolerance in Indonesia, Nurcholis Madjid's thoughts on religious moderation have become a concern again. Taking into account the history and development of Islamic thought in Indonesia, this article investigates the idea of religious moderation in Madjid. To determine whether Madjid's ideas are relevant to radicalism, a thorough examination of the theological, philosophical, and sociological foundations of his thinking will be carried out. This article will also look at how the idea of religious moderation can be applied to various aspects of life, as well as the challenges and opportunities faced in an effort to create a more moderate Indonesian society. Radicalism now threatens the life of the nation and state. In this case, the perspective of religious moderation Nurcholis Madjid offers a profitable option. In this article, the concept of religious moderation in Madjid will be discussed thoroughly, with a special emphasis on practical solutions.

This study aims to analyze the role of multicultural education in shaping the character of generation Z in the midst of cultural diversity, with a focus on STAI Jam'iyah Mahmudiyah Tanjung Pura students. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach through the implementation of interactive seminars. This activity involved material presentation by resource persons, group discussions, and case study analysis to encourage understanding and application of multicultural values. The results showed that the seminar succeeded in raising students' awareness of the importance of tolerance, empathy, and respect for differences. In addition, students realized the need for practical skills in applying these values in their daily lives. The activity also revealed that although students have a good theoretical understanding, they need more opportunities for hands-on cross-cultural experiences. The implementation of multicultural education that involves real-life experiences is considered important to prepare the younger generation to face global challenges and build an inclusive society.