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Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a major global public health concern, with hypertension affecting an estimated 1.4 billion adults worldwide. In Indonesia, the prevalence of hypertension among individuals aged 18 years and above reached 30.8% in 2023. In Kecamatan Tonjong, Kabupaten Brebes, the number of hypertension sufferers aged 15 years and above reached 15,951 people in 2025. Objective: To implement comprehensive family nursing care for Ny. S, family of Tn. F, who experienced cardiovascular system disorders due to hypertension in Desa Karang Jati RT 01 RW 05, Kecamatan Tonjong, Kabupaten Brebes. Method: This study used a descriptive narrative method with a nursing process approach (assessment, diagnosis, intervention, implementation, and evaluation), conducted through home visits over three days from December 26–28, 2025. Data were collected through interviews, observation, physical examination, and documentation. Results: Two nursing diagnoses were identified: acute pain related to hypertension and knowledge deficit regarding hypertension. Nursing interventions included pain management, oral medication administration (captopril 25 mg), and health education. Complementary non-pharmacological therapy using cucumber juice was applied once daily for three days. Conclusion: After three days of nursing implementation, both nursing diagnoses were fully resolved. Blood pressure decreased from 165/90 mmHg to 132/77 mmHg and the pain scale reduced from 4 to 1. Discharge planning was provided including recommendations for routine blood pressure monitoring, healthy lifestyle, and consistent medication adherence.

Background: Acute pharyngitis is an inflammation of the pharynx caused by viral or bacterial infections, frequently resulting in sore throat, fever, and dysphagia. This condition is among the most prevalent acute respiratory tract infections in children and adolescents worldwide, contributing significantly to morbidity and the burden of healthcare services. Objective: This case study aimed to describe the comprehensive nursing care provided to patient An. F with acute pharyngitis at Ward Anggrek 1, RSUD dr. Soeselo, Tegal Regency. Methods: A descriptive study design with a nursing process approach was employed. Data were collected through anamnesis, physical examination, observation, and documentation review. The nursing process encompassed assessment, nursing diagnosis, intervention planning, implementation, and evaluation. Results: Assessment revealed chief complaints of throat pain (NRS scale 5), fever (38.8°C), erythematous tonsils, and nutritional deficit. Three nursing diagnoses were established: acute pain related to physiological injury, hyperthermia related to disease process, and knowledge deficit related to insufficient information exposure. Interventions included pain management, hyperthermia management, and health education. Following two days of nursing care, the patient’s condition significantly improved, with pain scale reduced from 5 to 3 and body temperature normalized to 37.7°C. Conclusion: Comprehensive nursing care incorporating pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches effectively reduced pain and fever, and improved patient and family health literacy regarding acute pharyngitis.

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is a condition in which the heart is unable to pump blood adequately to meet the metabolic needs of the body. CHF is one of the most prevalent cardiovascular disorders globally, nationally, and locally, contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. This study aims to describe a comprehensive nursing care process applied to a patient (Mr. R) diagnosed with CHF at the Mawar 1 Ward of RSUD dr. Soeselo, Tegal Regency. This study used a descriptive case study design. Data were collected through interviews, physical examination, observation, and medical record documentation on February 9–11, 2026. Three nursing diagnoses were identified: ineffective airway clearance related to airway hypersecretion, fatigue related to physiological conditions (chronic disease), and knowledge deficit related to insufficient information exposure. Nursing interventions applied included airway management (semi-Fowler positioning, oxygen therapy, effective coughing technique), energy management (range-of-motion exercise, gradual activity), and health education about CHF. After 2×24 hours of nursing care, all three nursing diagnoses were resolved: airway clearance improved (SpO₂ increased from 91% to 95%, respiratory rate decreased from 28 to 23 times/minute), fatigue decreased, and patient knowledge about CHF improved. Systematic nursing care significantly improved the patient's condition in CHF management.

This study aims to describe gazebo management strategies as tourism infrastructure to increase visitor attraction at Pasir Putih Parparean II Beach, Porsea Subdistrict, Toba Regency. The beach is a unique destination in the Lake Toba area, characterized by fine white sand that is rarely found in the region. However, visitor data from the Toba Regency Tourism Office reveals a significant decline, from 35,304 visitors in January–April 2023 to only 1,550 visitors in January–August 2025. This decline is closely linked to the unplanned construction of permanent gazebos on the beach area, which has reduced the open space that constitutes the beach’s main attraction. This study employed a descriptive qualitative method. Data were collected through in-depth observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. The key informants consisted of three beach managers: Herbert Napitupulu, Nora Pandiangan, and Her Hutasoit, selected purposively based on their direct involvement and in-depth knowledge. Two regular tourists were also included as additional informants. Data analysis followed the Miles and Huberman model, encompassing data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that gazebo management strategie including facility improvements, environmental landscaping, and the provision of supporting amenities contribute significantly to enhancing visitor comfort and tourism appeal. This study recommends more systematic and planned management, spatial restructuring of gazebo placement, and the implementation of effective promotional strategies to support Pasir Putih Parparean II Beach as a sustainable tourism destination.

Stress in older adults needs attention because it can negatively affect physical, emotional, and social well-being, as well as overall quality of life. Elderly individuals living in social welfare institutions are particularly vulnerable to stress due to environmental changes, limited family involvement, loneliness, daily routines, and reduced independence. This study aimed to determine the effect of art painting group activity therapy on stress levels among older adults at Budi Mulia 2 Cengkareng Social Welfare Home. A quantitative pre-experimental study with a one-group pretest-posttest design was conducted involving 33 participants selected through total sampling. Stress levels were measured using the DASS-21 stress subscale. The intervention consisted of four art painting sessions lasting 30–45 minutes each. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. The mean stress score decreased from 22.18 before the intervention to 15.94 after the intervention. The Wilcoxon test showed a significant difference (p = 0.000), indicating that art painting group activity therapy effectively reduced stress levels among older adults.

This study aims to map the trajectory of syntactic acquisition in three-year-old children through syntactic patterns and communicative functions in naturalistic interaction. Using a mixed-methods approach, data from native Indonesian-speaking children were collected over a period of 1.5 months through the involve-conversation technique. Analysis of 80 utterances using frequency distribution, Mean Length of Utterance (MLU), and functional grammar revealed a dominant Subject–Verb–Object (S–V–O) structure (30%) and an MLU of 5.82 morphemes. These findings indicate a developmental transition from telegraphic speech to early multi-clause constructions, reflecting increasing linguistic complexity. Cognitive compensation is marked by the use of pragmatic particles and non-canonical sentence patterns driven by ideational, interpersonal, and textual functions. The results support the usage-based hypothesis, suggesting that early syntactic development is functional, sequential, and non-linear in nature. Furthermore, the study highlights the role of interactional experience in shaping emerging grammatical competence. This classification serves as a micro-longitudinal assessment tool and provides a pedagogical basis for scaffolding interventions aimed at stabilizing complex linguistic patterns and enhancing language development in early childhood education settings.

This research aims to analyze and compare traditional Islamic education systems in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand, focusing on institutional aspects, education systems, learning methods, and curricula. Using a literature study method with a descriptive qualitative approach, this research examines various relevant literature regarding the dynamics of Islamic education in Southeast Asia. The results show that the three countries share fundamental similarities in educational forms, such as pesantren or pondok, which focus on Islamic sciences and moral cultivation. However, significant differences exist in management patterns and the level of integration with government policies. Indonesia maintains a variety of salaf and modern pesantren, Malaysia exhibits a more structured system integrated with the state, while Thailand specifically in the Patani region tends to be adaptive in response to its Muslim minority status. This comparison concludes that the development of traditional Islamic education systems in each country is heavily influenced by the respective social and political contexts.

The Celeng Behel tradition is a form of local wisdom practiced by the people of Soropadan Village, Pringsurat District, Temanggung Regency, and is carried out through the Sadranan Kali ritual. This study aims to explain the form and function of the Celeng Behel tradition in the community’s daily life. The research uses a qualitative descriptive method with folklore and semiotic approaches. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, then analyzed to understand the cultural meanings behind the tradition. The results show that the Celeng Behel tradition has two main forms. First, it exists as oral folklore in the form of stories passed down from generation to generation. Second, it appears as a ritual practice, namely Sadranan Kali, which is held every year on the 10th of Sapar at Bendung Pondoh. The ritual includes communal prayers, the preparation of offerings, and the release of ducks into the river. These activities symbolize the community’s gratitude for the water that supports their farming and daily needs. The tradition also has important functions. It serves as a way for the community to express their hopes and concerns about nature, especially related to water and agriculture. It also strengthens social rules and cultural values that have been passed down over time. From a semiotic point of view, the symbols used in the ritual have both direct meanings and deeper cultural meanings that form shared beliefs in the community. In conclusion, the Celeng Behel tradition is not only a cultural activity, but also an important way to maintain harmony between humans, nature, and spiritual values in the life of the Soropadan community.

This study designs and implements an up-down counter system based on an AT89C2051 microcontroller programmed in assembly using the MC-51 application. The system modifies an existing digital clock board by mapping the display selector pins, seven-segment segment pins, pushbuttons, and buzzer to the microcontroller ports. The research method consists of literature review, hardware identification, algorithm design, assembly programming, program downloading, and functional testing using a 5 V DC supply. The implementation uses a four-digit common-cathode seven-segment display and a multiplexing routine to show the counter value in real time. The functional test shows that the system can display the initial value, increase the value through the up button, and decrease the value through the down button. The display is readable during operation, and the program can run on the target circuit after being downloaded to the AT89C2051. This study confirms that assembly programming on MC-51 can be applied to implement a simple counter system on a reused digital clock circuit. The main limitations are the absence of explicit button debouncing, overflow and underflow protection, quantitative response-time measurement, and non-volatile data retention.

. The effort to re-visualize regional architectural elements combined with modern touches is known as neo-vernakular architecture. In North Sumatra, there are various ethnic groups, including Batak, Mandailing, Malay, and others, each possessing rich traditional architectural values. This study aims to identify and analyze traditional architectural elements applied to the façade of the North Sumatra Regional House of Representatives (DPRD) building. The DPRD North Sumatra building is one of the government buildings that functions as a workplace for representatives of the people, council members, and the secretariat in carrying out governmental duties and public services. The building is located on Jalan Imam Bonjol with an area of approximately 8,000 square meters. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques through direct field surveys and literature studies related to the façade design of the DPRD North Sumatra building. The results show that the neo-vernakular character on the building façade is represented through several architectural elements, such as exposed columns, sunshading, opening forms, and other supporting elements that reflect a combination of traditional and modern architectural features.  

This study examines the role of the creative economy in enhancing sustainable tourism potential in Pampang Cultural Village, Samarinda, Indonesia, and identifies strategic priorities for its development. Pampang Cultural Village is recognized for its rich cultural heritage preserved by the Dayak Kenyah community, which serves as a valuable tourism asset. Despite this potential, the contribution of creative economy activities to tourism development has not been fully optimized. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis is needed to formulate effective development strategies. This research employs a mixed qualitative–quantitative approach using the SWOT-AHP method. SWOT analysis is utilized to identify internal strengths and weaknesses as well as external opportunities and threats affecting creative economy development. Subsequently, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is applied to determine the priority level of each strategic factor and alternative strategy. The findings indicate that the village possesses significant creative economy potential in cultural performances, handicrafts, culinary products, traditional fashion, and cultural souvenirs. Cultural authenticity emerges as the primary strength, while limited innovation capacity and digital marketing skills remain the major weaknesses. The results further reveal that the highest-priority strategy is the development of innovative creative tourism products rooted in Dayak Kenyah cultural heritage while preserving cultural authenticity. This strategy should be supported by digital promotion, human resource capacity building, stakeholder collaboration, and improvements in tourism infrastructure to achieve sustainable tourism development.

Batik motif classification has attracted growing attention in visual computing due to its role in cultural heritage preservation, textile informatics, museum documentation, and automated cataloging. Although many studies report high classification accuracy, robustness under real-world acquisition conditions remains insufficiently understood. Batik images are frequently affected by illumination variation, blur, folds, watermark overlays, wearable deformation, scale inconsistency, and background clutter, creating challenges that extend beyond conventional image-noise assumptions. Existing studies largely focus on improving classification performance, while the interactions among acquisition variability, feature representation, evaluation practice, and deployment constraints remain fragmented. This systematic literature review addresses this gap by synthesizing batik classification research through a robustness-aware perspective. Using query expansion, backward and forward citation chaining, relevance screening, and thematic coding, 116 candidate records were identified, resulting in 50 highly relevant studies for detailed analysis. The review reveals that robustness is shaped less by denoising alone than by the combined effects of acquisition conditions, representation design, evaluation realism, and deployment context. Handcrafted descriptors remain competitive for small datasets and structured motifs due to their data efficiency and interpretability, whereas deep learning models achieve the highest reported accuracy when supported by sufficient data diversity and realistic augmentation. Hybrid representations emerge as the most consistently balanced approach, combining local texture stability with higher-level abstraction across heterogeneous acquisition settings. The review further identifies recurring robustness failure patterns, including background dependency, illumination instability, motif-scale inconsistency, wearable deformation, and source-shift vulnerability. Based on these findings, a robustness-oriented research agenda is proposed, emphasizing cross-acquisition evaluation, representation-stability analysis, batik-specific robustness benchmarks, acquisition-aware augmentation, and deployable lightweight or hybrid architectures. The study contributes a domain-specific synthesis that reframes batik motif classification from an accuracy-centric task toward a robustness-aware visual recognition problem.

Bank stock price prediction is an important topic in the application of information technology because stock price movements are dynamic, sequential, and influenced by historical market patterns. This study aims to predict Indonesian banking stock prices using the Long Short-Term Memory method and evaluate the effect of Bayesian Optimization on model performance. The data used in this study consists of daily historical stock data of BBCA, BBNI, BBRI, BBTN, and BMRI from May 4, 2020, to May 4, 2026, obtained from Yahoo Finance. The input features include opening price, highest price, lowest price, closing price, and trading volume, while the prediction target is the stock closing price. The results show that the baseline model produced MAPE values ranging from 1.892% to 3.147%. The best baseline performance was obtained on BBCA with an R² value of 0.933, followed by BBTN with an R² value of 0.902. After optimization, performance improvement occurred on BBTN, with MAPE decreasing from 3.147% to 2.482% and R² increasing from 0.902 to 0.935. For BMRI, MAPE decreased from 2.385% to 2.206%, and R² increased from 0.687 to 0.743. This study concludes that Long Short-Term Memory can be used to predict Indonesian banking stock prices, while Bayesian Optimization can selectively improve model performance depending on the characteristics of each stock dataset.

Python programming has become a fundamental competence in the digital era, yet students often struggle to transform algorithmic logic into functional code. This gap between conceptual understanding and practical implementation skills requires a thorough investigation into learning challenges within the Industrial Informatics Engineering Technology (TRIN) program at Politeknik Manufaktur Bandung. Grounded in Bloom's Revised Taxonomy and Cognitive Load Theory, this descriptive quantitative study utilized a Likert-scale questionnaire and an objective comprehension test administered to 87 third-year students. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to map performance across three aspects: conceptual understanding, syntactic comprehension, and implementation ability. Results indicate the conceptual aspect achieved the highest average of 4.15, followed by syntax at 3.56 and implementation at 3.54, with objective test accuracy rates of 76.09%, 65.52%, and 67.36%, respectively. Major obstacles identified include difficulties with looping, debugging, and comparison operators. Therefore, enhanced structured practice and Project-Based Learning approaches are recommended to strengthen students' implementation competencies.

Malware represents an evolving cybersecurity threat that demands more effective detection methods. Conventional signature-based detection systems have limitations in identifying new variants, driving the development of deep learning-based approaches. This research implements and evaluates four variants of the YOLOv11 algorithm (n, s, m, l) for malware classification based on visual image representation. The dataset consists of 22,056 malware and benign images, divided into 70% training, 15% validation, and 15% testing across 8 classes (adware, backdoor, benign, downloader, spyware, trojan, virus, worm). Each model was trained for 100 epochs with batch size 32 using Google Colab with GPU support. Results demonstrate that all variants achieve high accuracy (97.8%-98.1%) with YOLOv11m as the best performer (98.1%). YOLOv11n offers optimal balance between accuracy (97.9%) and efficiency (1.5M parameters, 0.3 ms/img inference) ideal for real-time applications. This research surpasses previous methods such as K-NN (97.18%) and hybrid CNN (96.55%) with superior inference speed (0.3-0.9 ms/img vs tens to hundreds of ms/img), proving the effectiveness of YOLOv11 for fast, accurate, and scalable malware detection.

This study investigates the implementation of the Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM) algorithm for network intrusion detection using the CICIDS2017 dataset within the CRISP-DM framework. The process encompasses Business Understanding, Data Understanding, and Data Preparation including data cleaning, categorical feature encoding, normalization, and data split (80 % training, 20 % testing). In the Modeling phase, GBM Hyperparameters (learning_rate = 0.1; max_depth = 5; n_estimators = 150) were optimized via Grid Search with 2-fold Cross Validation, and F1-Score  was selected as the primary metric due to class imbalance. Evaluation on the test set yielded accuracy of 99.99 %, precision of 100 %, Recall of 99.98 %, and F1-Score  of 99.99 %, demonstrating exceptional detection capability with minimal false negatives and false positives. Compared to previous studies, this GBM model outperforms in accuracy and stability without overfitting. These findings confirm GBM’s effectiveness for modern Intrusion Detection Systems and its suitability for Deployment in resource-constrained operational environments.

Digitalization in the fitness industry is increasingly essential to improve efficiency and service quality. However, many fitness centers still manage data manually, including KRESNA GYM, which faces challenges in member registration, workout scheduling, and facility information delivery. This study aims to design a web-based e-fitness application using the Laravel framework to support digital service management. The development follows the Waterfall model through stages of requirement analysis, design, implementation, testing, and evaluation. The application includes features such as a landing page, admin/member login and registration, management dashboards, workout schedules, equipment guides, and supplement listings. Black-box testing confirms that all features function as expected. This system simplifies administrative processes and enhances member experience, making it effective in supporting digital transformation at KRESNA GYM.

Online maps applications have become an essential tool for modern society in finding the fastest and most efficient routes. However, these applications often fail to detect current road conditions such as flooding, demonstrations, accidents, or public events, causing users to get stuck in problematic routes. This study aims to develop a prototype of a community-based road condition reporting system, visualized through a web-based digital map. The system allows users to directly report road conditions by providing photo evidence, descriptions, and event categories. It is also equipped with features for designing event routes such as carnivals and suggesting alternative paths based on community reports. The development process was carried out using a simulation-based approach with scenario testing that reflects real field conditions, without involving direct user data. The implementation results show that all core features work properly. The technologies used include Leaflet.js, OpenStreetMap, and the Nominatim geolocation API. This research produces an adaptive community-based GIS model that can be further developed as an intelligent navigation solution at the city scale

Phishing is one of the most common and dangerous cyber attacks as it can trick users into providing sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and personal data. This study aims to simulate Phishing techniques using the Zphisher tool as an educational medium to improve cybersecurity awareness. The method used is a quasi-experimental approach involving 30 participants exposed to Phishing scenarios in a controlled environment using Kali Linux. The results show that 83% of participants clicked the Phishing link and 60% entered their credentials, while 40% demonstrated awareness by avoiding further interaction. These findings indicate that cybersecurity awareness is still relatively low, but Phishing simulation is effective as an experiential learning tool.

Background: Adenoid hypertrophy is a condition characterized by enlargement of the adenoid tissue which can cause nasopharyngeal obstruction and potentially affect the function of the Eustachian tube. Dysfunction of the Eustachian tube may disrupt middle ear ventilation and increase the risk of otitis media. The degree of adenoid hypertrophy can be objectively assessed using a lateral nasopharyngeal radiograph by calculating the adenoid–nasopharyngeal ratio (A/N ratio). Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between adenoid hypertrophy based on the adenoid–nasopharyngeal ratio and the incidence of otitis media. Methods: This study was a quantitative research with an analytic observational design using a cross-sectional approach. Data were obtained from the medical records of patients with adenoid hypertrophy who underwent lateral nasopharyngeal radiographic examination at RSI Purwokerto from 2022 to 2025. The sample consisted of 31 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis was performed using the Spearman correlation test because the data were not normally distributed based on the Shapiro–Wilk test. Results: The results showed that most of the subjects were male (17 subjects, 54.8%) and female (14 subjects, 45.2%). The median age of the subjects was 7 years with an age range of 4–9 years. The median adenoid–nasopharyngeal ratio was 0.90 with a range of 0.68–0.99. Otitis media was found in 11 subjects (35,5%), while 20 subjects (64,5%) did not experience otitis media. The Spearman correlation test showed a correlation coefficient of r = 0.015 with a p-value of 0.936 (p > 0.05), indicating that there was no significant relationship between the adenoid–nasopharyngeal ratio and the incidence of otitis media. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant relationship between adenoid hypertrophy based on the adenoid–nasopharyngeal ratio and the incidence of otitis media.