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The purpose of this study was to increase student learning independence in Civics subjects by applying the contextual teaching and learning (CTL) learning model in class X IPS 3 SMA Negeri 8 Muaro Jambi. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (PTK) with a research design using the Kemmis & Taggart spiral model. The research was carried out in 3 cycles where each cycle consisted of 3 meetings. Each cycle is carried out through 4 stages of activity, namely planning, implementing actions, observing (observation), and reflecting. The success criterion set in the research is 60%. The results showed that in cycle I the level of student learning independence increased from the initial condition of an average value of 23% to 49% but had not yet reached the established success criteria. Cycle I then made improvements to continue in cycle II. After the repairs were made, there was an increase in cycle II which increased by 9% to 58% but also did not reach the specified success criteria. Improvements were made again in cycle II to be continued in cycle III. The results of the research cycle III increased by 11% to 69%, which means that the action was declared successful because it had achieved the specified success criteria.Keywords: Independent Learning, CTL Learning Model

In the current digital era, traditional marketing has transformed into digital marketing. One sector that can take advantage of this change is the fish farming sector, especially catfish. This article outlines various digital marketing strategies that can be implemented to increase sales and brand awareness of catfish farming. Catfish farming has become one of the fastest-growing fishing industries, and with the development of digital technology, online marketing has become an important strategy to achieve success in the catfish farming business. This article presents a journal about digital marketing strategies in catfish farming, which includes research, experience, and guidance for utilizing digital platforms to increase the success of the catfish farming business

The logo serves as a visual representation encapsulating the essence and unique characteristics of the orphanage, creating a first impression that can shape a positive perception of the institution. More than just a personal expression, the importance lies in the observer's perception and response, making it the primary focus in the visual communication design process. The success of a design is determined by its ability to effectively communicate ideas, stories, or information to the observer or targeted audience. Therefore, alignment between the intended message and the observer's perspective and understanding becomes the key to success in visual communication design. With a well-crafted design, the logo can establish an emotional connection with stakeholders, build trust, and enhance the appeal of the orphanage in the eyes of the public.  

MSME Kerupuk 32 wants to create a competitive advantage so that it can compete to maintain the sustainability of its business by having halal certification and labels issued by BPJPH as the aim of the community service team providing assistance to help carry out the registration process. One of the things that can increase consumer confidence and is a value of excellence is by having recognition of the halalness of cracker products from the government through halal certificates and labels, besides that, because in Indonesia the majority of the population is Muslim, the government must guarantee the halalness of every product circulating in society which is a requirement. The main thing for Muslim consumers to consume food, in this case crackers. This mentoring activity goes through several stages, namely: preparation stage with interviews and observations with partners, document collection stage, account creation stage, data filling stage, data sending stage, validation process stage, inspection stage, halal certificate issuance stage, and certificate submission stage to partners. This mentoring activity ran smoothly and according to targets, and its success was marked by the issuance of a halal certificate which was handed over to partners. This activity can be continued to help MSMEs increase the value of their products in the eyes of consumers or the public so that it is hoped that they can increase sales and income for MSMEs in developing their businesses.

This research aims to determine the review of Islamic law regarding artificial insemination in humans. And to find out the maqashid of sharia on artificial insemination in humans. This research was carried out using library research and paying attention to the field (Field Research). Literature study is a process of searching for various literature, study results related to the research to be conducted. Literature study can be likened to a key that will open everything that can help solve research problems. The results of the research show that artificial insemination in humans in terms of Islamic law is (1) sperm cells and ovum from the husband and wife themselves, and the embryos are not transferred into the womb of another woman (entrusted mother), if the condition of the husband and wife concerned really requires it and (2) artificial insemination or IVF with sperm and/or ovum donors brings more harm than good. The problem is that it can help married couples where both or one of them is infertile or there are natural obstacles in the husband and/or wife that prevent sperm cells from meeting with egg cells. Yusuf Qaradawi said that if sperm comes from another man, whether known or unknown, then this is forbidden. Likewise, if the egg cells come from another woman, or the egg cells belong to the wife, but the uterus belongs to another woman, this is not allowed. Sheikh Mamud Syaltut said that artificial insemination uses the sperm of another man (not her husband). The law is the same as adultery and children born as a result of this kind of insemination have the same status as children born outside of a valid marriage. The Maqashid of Sharia on artificial insemination in humans is hifdzun nasab (protecting the succession of descendants) because children are included in the requirements of doruriyat in marriage. although human insemination (IVF) does carry some risks of death and post-natal disorders. Artificial insemination in humans with sperm and ovum donors will bring more harm (negative impacts) than benefits (positive impacts). Among the benefits is helping husband and wife who are infertile, either both or one of them, to have offspring or who experience problems with normal fertilization.    

This research aims to reveal and analyze the fiber of Galunggung's mandate: The Successor Rulers to the Throne of the Galuh Kingdom. The research method used is a type of descriptive research analysis of the fiber of trust in Sundanese culture with the application of content analysis techniques carried out with systematic characteristics. Therefore, the researcher's focus is on studying the fiber of meaning that exists in Sundanese culture by using the concept of structural description to explain the types of meaning contained in poetry, starting from connotative meaning and denotative meaning. The results of this research reveal three mandates which are a form of advice to the next generation to always obey the adages of their parents in order to live a safe and prosperous life, then the next generation must also always guard their words when speaking, and the last is that every event has a cause and effect so that When behaving, there needs to be rules that lead to goodness so that the results you reap will be good.

Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is an escalating global health issue, particularly with the rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB), which complicate treatment and control efforts. Resistance to both first-line and second-line drugs weakens the effectiveness of standard WHO-recommended therapies, while alternative drugs can cause severe side effects and reduce patient adherence. This study aims to explore the integration of bioinformatics and pharmacogenomics in supporting personalized TB treatment to improve therapeutic success and reduce the risk of further resistance. The research employed a laboratory-based experimental design with a bioinformatics approach, involving TB patients with clinical evidence of drug resistance. Clinical samples were analyzed through whole genome sequencing to identify gene mutations associated with resistance, followed by pharmacogenomic mapping to predict pharmacological responses based on patients’ genetic variations. The results revealed several specific gene mutations consistently linked to resistance and produced individualized therapeutic recommendations that were more targeted than standard protocols. Effectiveness evaluation demonstrated that genome-based personalized therapy yielded higher treatment success rates, faster recovery times, and lower rates of subsequent resistance. These findings highlight the significant potential of precision medicine in TB management, particularly for resistant cases that are difficult to treat with conventional approaches. In conclusion, the integration of bioinformatics and pharmacogenomics plays an essential role in strengthening TB treatment strategies through a personalized, adaptive, effective, and sustainable approach. Nevertheless, its implementation still faces challenges such as high costs, limited infrastructure, and the need for clear regulations regarding the use of patients’ genomic data.

The Mediation process can be an effective instrument in ensuring the fulfillment of womens rights/Iddah rights for women after divorce at the Rangkasbitung Religious Court, by exploring divorce cases involving Mediation, with a focus on how Mediation accommodates iddah rights, the obstacles faced and the factors that influence its success, research results It is hoped that this will provide a deeper understanding of the role of mediation in protecting women's rights, especially in the context of divorce in Indonesia and provide recommendations for improving mediation policies and practices.

Writing is one of the activities in learning English that tests students' abilities, especially in mastering Tenses and vocabulary. This PkM aims to improve students' understanding and mastery, especially in using the Simple Present Tense and Adjectives through the activity of writing a simple essay. The type of text chosen as the research media is descriptive text. This is because the Simple Present Tense and Adjective are mostly used in writing the text. This PKM activity was carried out at Sasmita Jaya Vocational School 2 for three days, from 12 to 14 April 2023. The method used in this research is quantitative, referring to the theory by Heidi Dulay Taksonomi, namely Surface Strategy Taxonomy. From the research results, it was found that descriptive text media proved successful in increasing students' mastery of Simple Present Tense and Adjective.

This service activity attempts to reach out to business actors who are interested in using digital marketing approaches. The service activity was attended by 25 members of the Cibiru Village Tofu business in Bandung. The implementation of activities is divided into two activity steps: socialisation and demonstration. The first step is to educate people about the importance of the internet in boosting the economy in the home industry. The second is an example of how to create a product marketing innovation using social media that can be applied immediately to all participants in the socialisation activity. As a result of this activity, participants will be able to design Kelurahanin product labels and will be able and eager to develop material for marketing strategies using social media. The realisation of success.

The potential possessed by Teluk Makmur sub-district includes the agricultural and fisheries aspects, where in terms of agriculture it’s in the form of cassava plants and in terms of fisheries it’s in the form of shrimp. This is also related to the livelihoods of the community, the majority of whom are farmers, fishermen and entrepreneurs/MSMEs, so by utilizing the potential of the sub-district and the livelihoods of the community, the Kukerta team decided to hold a demonstration of organic cassava jerky and shrimp nuggets as an alternative for entrepreneurial sales products/ MSMEs. The aim of this demonstration is to motivate MSMEs to continue running and provide various variations of sales products originating from the potential of the sub-district. Community service activities were carried out at the Teluk Makmur Village Hall, Medang Kampai District, Dumai City on Saturday, July 29 2023 at 08.00 WIB until finished. Methods include direct explanations by Kukerta students from Teluk Makmur Village as well as field practice which is directly held in front of the participants present. This service activity took place successfully, which can be said to be due to the response given by all demonstration participants who were truly enthusiastic about everything.

This service aims to introduce a hydroponic vegetable cultivation system using the wick method in Sungai Pagar Village. The environment in Sungai Pagar Village is characterized by sandy soil due to the accumulation of peat soil, so plant cultivation activities are still limited. In this context the wick method is adopted as a relevant solution. Training activities were carried out through several stages, including field surveys, delivery of materials, sowing seeds, making AB mix nutrition, making a hydroponic wick system from used plastic bottles, and monitoring and evaluation. The results of the training showed an increase in participants' knowledge about hydroponic cultivation and their abilities in caring for hydroponic plants. Each training participant succeeded in making a hydroponic wick system using used plastic bottles and was given a hydroponic cultivation package to continue cultivation at home. In order to improve food security and the community's economy, this training made a positive contribution by introducing an environmentally friendly and hydroponic vegetable cultivation system. efficient. In conclusion, this training was successful in introducing and training the public in hydroponic vegetable cultivation using the wick method.

Performance of the company is mostly measured by financial ratio for a spesific period. This measurement must be in accordance with generally accepted accounting treatment in preparing financial statements. Financial ratios have weaknesses in measuring performance where performance looks good but does not increase or even decrease. Therefor, other measuring are needed that can show the success of the company with the aim of adding economic value. Economic Value Added (EVA) is one of the most relevant measurements in measuring a company's financial performance because it can show how much added value can be generated during a spesific period.This research using qualitative descriptive method with secondary data from financial statement of PT Kimia Farma, Tbk listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2018-2022. This study aims to find out the financial performance of PT Kimia Farma, Tbk listed on the BEI using the Economic Value Added (EVA) method. Economic value added (EVA) is an added value for the company by incurring capital costs. The result of this research indicate that financial perform with EVA method are negative, means that it performs is not optimal.

Night markets have long been a popular place to do food business, and one of the trending products is grilled octopus. To optimize this business potential, implementing a digital business strategy has become key. This journal presents a brief overview of how digital business is used to market grilled octopus at night markets. The application of digital business in marketing grilled octopus at night markets involves various aspects. First of all, outlet owners can take advantage of technology by creating an official website for their outlet. This website not only serves as a platform to display menus and store locations, but also as a tool to communicate with potential customers. Social media also plays an important role in marketing. By managing accounts on platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter, outlet owners can share product images, customer reviews, and promotional information. Apart from that, email marketing is also an effective strategy. Collecting customer email addresses and sending them information about special offers, discounts, or new menu items can increase customer engagement. Joining popular food delivery apps such as GrabFood or GoFood also helps in expanding customer reach, especially if the grilled octopus outlet does not yet have a physical presence in the location. Although implementing a digital business has clear benefits, there are also challenges that need to be overcome. Intense competition in night markets requires outlet owners to create creative and different marketing. Additionally, adequate online management is the key to success, and outlet owners may need to train themselves or obtain technical support to manage their digital assets. In conclusion, the implementation of digital business has had a positive impact in marketing grilled octopus at night markets. However, outlet owners need to be aware of the challenges that may arise and try to continue to improve their strategies in facing increasingly fierce competition in the digital world.

The aim of holding this PKM activity is to diversify bitter melon fruit into chips for the women of KWT Medulu, Bendewuta Village, Wongeduku District. The selected participants were 10 people who had bitter melon gardens in their yard. The activity stages were lecture and practice. PKM activities were carried out well, participants were very enthusiastic in taking part in PKM activities. Monitoring results showed that the amount of increase in participants' knowledge and skills increased from 100%, from 10 participants who answered that they did not know before the training activity in making bitter melon chips, it increased to 100% or 10 participants answered that they knew and were able after the training. This shows that training activities can be said to be successful because there is an increase in the knowledge and skills of the training participants.

The aim of holding this PKM activity is to diversify bitter melon fruit into chips for the women of KWT Medulu, Bendewuta Village, Wongeduku District. The selected participants were 10 people who had bitter melon gardens in their yard. The activity stages were lecture and practice. PKM activities were carried out well, participants were very enthusiastic in taking part in PKM activities. Monitoring results showed that the amount of increase in participants' knowledge and skills increased from 100%, from 10 participants who answered that they did not know before the training activity in making bitter melon chips, it increased to 100% or 10 participants answered that they knew and were able after the training. This shows that training activities can be said to be successful because there is an increase in the knowledge and skills of the training participants.

Internet technology has not only transformed societal thought patterns but has also significantly impacted lifestyles, particularly through User Interface (UI) and User Experience (UX). In Indonesia, specifically in the fashion e-commerce sector, there has been rapid growth with over 2 million e-commerce businesses. The UI/UX design process utilizes the Design Thinking method, encompassing stages such as Emphatize, Define, Ideate, Prototype, and Testing. Through the involvement of surveys and interviews, user issues are identified and formulated in the How Might We framework. Figma is employed in the development of UI/UX, resulting in a prototype tested through Usability Testing and the Single Ease Question. The testing outcomes indicate the success of the prototype. Through the application of the Design Thinking method, the design process yields effective solutions, providing an optimal user experience in interacting with the e-commerce merchandise website of Sidoarjo city.

As time goes by, the phenomenon of learning often changes in educational institutions in the country. This phenomenon is often faced by subject teachers, especially by Arabic language subject teachers. This variant learning phenomenon is a challenge for Arabic language teachers to anticipate the possibilities that cause mental degradation and failure to achieve students' understanding of Arabic language subject matter. The openness of Arabic teachers in choosing learning methods that must be applied every time they carry out teaching activities can project the achievement of basic educational goals that can be realized perfectly. Thus, Arabic language teachers must be able to develop good learning strategies, one of which can be done is to use effective and fun learning methods. One of the methods referred to is al-Thoriqoh al-Intiqo'iyah (electic method). The aim of this research was to identify Arabic Language Learning Innovations through al-Thoriqoh al-Intiqo'iyah in Growing Students' Interest in Learning Arabic at MA. Nurul Hikmah Besuki Situbondo. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews and documentation. In this research, the researcher used a descriptive method with a qualitative approach with a case study type of research. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews and documentation. Apart from that, researchers in analyzing data use an interactive model which consists of elements in the form of data reduction, data presentation, and data analysis. Meanwhile, the data inspection technique for this research uses triangulation. The research results confirmed that al-Thoriqoh al-Inriqo'iyah was implemented in the Supreme Court. Nurul Hikmah repeated the positive results, students were able to grow interested in learning Arabic through modifying the learning method. The justification for the success of using al-Toriqoh al-Intiqo'iyah in the school is illustrated by the enthusiasm for learning which continues to increase in addition to the participation of students in various language activities

Teachers as the main component in the learning process play an important role. The role of the teacher is to educate, teach, guide and train and motivate students, so that they are able to be disciplined, so that they are successful in pursuing education. Teachers have a big role in educating students because teachers can train students' discipline at school so that good character is formed in children. The aim of this research is to explain the role of teachers in implementing student discipline at MIN 1 Medan. This research uses qualitative methods with descriptive research type. Data collection techniques in this research were carried out by observation, interviews and documentation with MIN 1 Medan teachers. The results of the research show that the role of teachers in applying learning discipline to students at MIN 1 Medan is good because with teachers being role models of discipline for their students, the teachers there have displayed and provided examples of good attitudes in implementing students' disciplinary character.

This qualitative study aims to explore the impact of financial literacy on human capital development within micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). The research utilizes a descriptive qualitative approach to delve into the intricate relationship between financial literacy and human capital enhancement. Sampling technique employed purposive sampling to select MSMEs owners and employees who possess varying degrees of financial literacy. Data analysis involves thematic analysis, allowing for the identification of recurring patterns and themes within the collected data. The findings underscore the pivotal role of financial literacy in fostering human capital development within MSMEs, highlighting its significance in promoting entrepreneurial success, enhancing decision-making processes, and facilitating business growth. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing insights into the mechanisms through which financial literacy influences human capital development within the context of MSMEs.