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Although North Sumatra's cattle farms have enormous potential for development, there are still several issues that hinder productivity and efficiency. The comparative advantages and development strategies of cattle farming in the region are the subject of this study. The methods used include literature analysis and secondary data from various relevant sources. The results showed that, although local cattle have advantages in terms of adaptation to the environment, their productivity is lower than imported cattle such as Brahman Cross. Some of the factors that lead to low productivity include poor feed management, limited use of technology such as artificial insemination, and an ineffective marketing system. In addition, this study found that by improving the efficiency of agricultural waste as feed, cattle farming can thrive, the use of biogas and improved marketing systems through farmer cooperatives. Improving the competitiveness of cattle farming in North Sumatra can be achieved through the application of technology and local wisdom-based approaches. This research is expected to help in making policies and strategies to develop more efficient and sustainable cattle farming in the future.

Abstract, Fasting in Islam is not only an act of worship that brings one closer to Allah, but also offers physical and mental health benefits. In addition to increasing piety, fasting helps discipline oneself and supports the body's detoxification process. The biological processes that occur during fasting, such as rest for the digestive system and the use of energy reserves, demonstrate Allah's wisdom. Fasting also prevents diseases caused by overeating, such as hypertension, diabetes, and heart problems. Medical research reveals that moderate eating patterns and regular fasting improve overall health. Fasting, such as during Ramadan, also boosts metabolism, organ health, and psychological well-being by regulating emotions and behavior. Various types of fasting, both obligatory and voluntary, have different health impacts, and studies support the benefits of fasting in reducing inflammation, regulating blood glucose levels, and enhancing overall quality of life.    

The role of education in shaping character has been a subject of discourse throughout history, with its significance amplified in the face of contemporary challenges. This study examines the relevance of Ibn Khaldun's educational philosophy in the context of modern character formation. The reseaarch aims to analyze Ibn Khaldun's perspective on education and its potential application in contemporary character-building efforts. A qualitative approach is employed, focusing on a comprehensive review of secondary sources and scholarly interpretations of Ibn Khaldun's educational theories. The study synthesizes various perspectives on Ibn Khaldun's educational philosophy and examines their applicability to current educational practices and challenges. This approach allows for a broader understanding of Ibn Khaldun's ideas within the context of modern educational needs. The study reveals that Ibn Khaldun's educational theory emphasizes the integration of religious, moral, and practical knowledge in character development. His holistic approach to education, which includes the cultivation of critical thinking, social skills, and ethical values, aligns closely with current educational needs. The findings suggest that Ibn Khaldun's educational principles can significantly contribute to addressing modern character-building challenges, particularly in fostering resilience, cultural understanding, and ethical decision-making among students. This research provides valuable insights for educators and policymakers in developing comprehensive character education programs that balance traditional wisdom with contemporary demands. Moreover, it highlights the importance of revisiting historical educational philosophies to inform and enrich modern a pedagogical practices, especially in the realm of character education.

Culture is a product of human knowledge as social beings, that knowledge is not obtained through genetic inheritance in the human body, but is obtained through the position of humans as social beings which is an experience through a learning process.It is in this context that the research was conducted to see how indigenous peoples as a minority group internalize their cultural values ​​into cohesive values ​​and reflect their strong character. The indigenous peoples in Pulo Village, Cangkuang Village, Leles District, Garut Regency, West Java Province, are a group of indigenous people who continue to internalize and preserve traditional values ​​into the character of their community members. This type of research uses a qualitative approach with an ethnographic type, namely research conducted in certain indigenous communities. The objectives to be achieved in this research are to briefly describe the internalization of cultural values ​​of the traditional village communities that can be promoted as the basis for forming the character of the Indonesian nation and internalizing organizational values. Based on the analysis of various facts related to Pulo village, it can be concluded that cultural values ​​can use the values ​​of local wisdom that develop in the community in a comprehensive manner capable of providing data in shaping legal culture and forming strong characters in upholding culture. This helps the community in developing such culture-based laws.

This research examines the role of community leaders in maintaining religious harmony in Ngampin Village, Ambarawa District, which has the characteristics of a multicultural society. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach using in-depth interviews with community leaders and field observations during the period 17 October to 30 November 2024, which explores the dynamics of tolerance between religious communities. Based on statistical data, Ngampin Subdistrict has a diverse religious composition, namely 4,673 Muslims, 586 Catholics, 450 Protestants, 13 Hindus, and 7 people of other faiths. Research reveals that religious harmony is built through a comprehensive strategy, through the formation of the Religious Harmony Association (PKUB), preserving local Nyadran and Merti Dusun traditions, as well as a dialogical approach between religious communities. The findings show that success in maintaining harmony requires a high awareness of tolerance, local wisdom, and the active role of community leaders in reducing potential conflict.

This study aims to explore the structure and uniqueness of Earth through the lens of local wisdom that respects nature, and to investigate how traditional knowledge can offer valuable insights into our planet and the relationship between humans and the environment. A qualitative approach was employed, involving a literature review and analysis of traditional texts, myths, folktales, and cultural practices related to the understanding of the universe, Earth's structure, and human interaction with ecosystems. The findings reveal that many indigenous cultures around the world view Earth as a living entity, with an interconnected relationship between humans and the surrounding environment. This understanding is reflected in various rituals, agricultural systems, and environmental policies that emphasize balance and sustainability. Furthermore, local wisdom often stresses the importance of respecting nature as an integral part of harmonious living on Earth. The implications of this research highlight the importance of integrating local wisdom into environmental education, sustainable development policies, and natural resource management to foster a more harmonious and sustainable relationship between humans and the Earth.    

This research explores the theological and economic value of Ulos as one of the local wisdom of the Batak people. Ulos, which is a traditional woven cloth, not only functions as body protection, but also contains rich symbolic meaning in various traditional ceremonies, reflecting love, prayer and hope. This study emphasizes the role of Ulos in reflecting Gospel values, such as love and salvation, and links them to theological responsibility in the context of economic activity. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method, which involves interviews and observations of Ulos craftsmen. The main focus is on the challenges this tradition faces in the modern era, while highlighting the need to empower artisans to utilize digital marketing. In this way, Ulos is understood as a means of preserving local culture as well as enlivening the values of the Kingdom of God in society.  

The tradition of planting Tembuni (ari-ari) and preserving babies in Lampung culture is a form of local wisdom that still survives today, with a deep symbolic meaning as a hope for safety and happiness for newborn babies. This research aims to understand the meaning, spiritual values ​​and symbolism in the procession of planting tembuni and baby salvation. Qualitative research methods with an ethnographic approach were used through in-depth interviews with the community, traditional leaders and traditional birth attendants, as well as direct observation and literature review. The results of the research show that this tradition has a spiritual meaning that reflects a harmonious relationship with ancestors and nature, and is believed to have a positive influence on the baby's character as it is hoped that he will be a child who is respectful, not fussy, and has good luck in life. It can be concluded that this tradition not only contains spiritual and moral values, but also functions as social learning that strengthens the cultural identity and togetherness of the ultramodern Lampung community.

This study examines Japesda's role in supporting the implementation of Law No. 32 of 2024 on the Conservation of Biological Natural Resources and Their Ecosystems. Japesda plays a strategic role in education and counseling, aligning with Article 37 paragraph (2), which mandates fostering public awareness through conservation education. It also contributes to managing conservation areas, as outlined in Article 5A and Article 8 paragraph (4), which emphasize local wisdom and participatory mapping. Japesda’s policy advocacy encourages community participation, supporting Article 37 paragraph (1), which underscores dialogue between the government, indigenous peoples, and stakeholders. Japesda is also active in monitoring and reporting violations, leveraging Article 39A paragraph (1), which recognizes community reports as valid initial evidence. Furthermore, Article 43A paragraph (1) provides a legal framework for Japesda to ensure conservation policies adhere to conservation principles. Despite challenges such as stakeholder resistance, limited resources, and low public awareness, Japesda continues to build capacity, forge partnerships, and enhance coordination among stakeholders. These efforts aim to overcome obstacles and support the effective implementation of conservation policies, ensuring the preservation of biological resources and their ecosystems for future generations. Japesda’s multifaceted role highlights its significance in advancing Indonesia's conservation agenda.

This study aims to design an innovative and relevant Christian Religious Education (PAK) curriculum for catechism at HKBP Palmarum. This curriculum is designed by integrating local wisdom values ​​to strengthen students' faith. The research method used is a quantitative method. The results of the study indicate that local wisdom is relevant to Christian teachings, PAK material is adjusted to effective learning methods. The curriculum developed is expected to improve students' understanding of Christian teachings, strengthen their relationship with God, and encourage them to apply Christian values ​​in everyday life, while preserving local wisdom values. "The results of the study indicate that the design of the PAK curriculum based on local wisdom has great potential in increasing learning motivation, deep understanding of Christian teachings, and appreciation of moral values. In addition, this curriculum can also strengthen the relationship between the church and the surrounding community.

Leadership based on the values of Islamic culture and local culture is a leadership concept that integrates universal values from Islamic teachings with local wisdom present in society. In this context, leadership emphasizes not only managerial skills but also moral aspects, ethics, and social responsibility aligned with religious teachings and local customs. This article aims to explore the concept and implementation of leadership based on Islamic and local cultural values, as well as the challenges faced in its application. Leadership in Islam stresses the principles of justice, wisdom, and simplicity, which are reflected in the behavior of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) and his companions, while local culture provides a context that strengthens social relations and solidarity within the community. Through a literature study, it is found that the application of leadership based on these cultural values can enhance interpersonal relationships, strengthen moral integrity, and create a harmonious work environment in various organizations, both in education and government sectors. However, effective implementation requires a deep understanding of the balance between religious teachings and local wisdom in the changing social context. Therefore, it is essential to adapt these leadership principles according to the dynamics of society without disregarding the core values inherent in both cultures.

The moral crisis experienced by Generation Z in the digital era is a major challenge triggered by globalization and rapid technological developments. This generation is often influenced by digital culture which can shift important moral values. Education, especially Islamic education, plays a key role in overcoming this problem by instilling moral values, digital ethics and social responsibility. Islamic education can help shape the character of the younger generation by equipping them with strong morality, critical thinking, and the ability to navigate the digital world wisely. Therefore, it is important to integrate moral and spiritual education so that generation Z can face it with integrity and wisdom. Islamic education that prioritizes faith and ethical values ​​has the potential to be the main solution in facing this moral crisis

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have an important role in the Indonesian economy, including Warung Madura MSMEs. This research aims to analyze the development strategy of Warung Madura MSMEs from an Islamic economic perspective. This research uses a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques through in-depth interviews with Warung Madura owners and economic observers. A literature study was also carried out to explore the concept of Islamic economics and its application in developing MSMEs. The results of the research show that Warung Madura's MSME development strategy from an Islamic economic perspective offers a holistic and sustainable approach. By applying the principles of justice, sustainability, business ethics, human resource development and access to appropriate financing, Warung Madura can increase its competitiveness and contribute more to the local economy. It is hoped that this research can provide insight for stakeholders in formulating more effective MSME development policies and programs.    

This research aims to analyze Bobby Nasution’s campaign speech using Aristotle’s rhetorical proofs and Griffin’s Theory of Strategic Communication. The study investigates rhetorical proofs of logos, ethos, and pathos and explores their application in political communication. This qualitative research utilized content analysis with data derived from the transcript and video of Bobby Nasution’s speech, titled "Bobby Nasution Janji Prioritaskan Kesehatan dan Penanganan Hukum jika Menang Pilgub Sumut," uploaded on the YouTube channel Official iNews. The findings reveal that Bobby Nasution employed rhetorical proofs with a distribution of logos (37%), ethos (42%), and pathos (21%). Ethos was further demonstrated through practical wisdom (phronesis), moral virtue (arete), and goodwill (eunoia). Additionally, the speech balanced emotional appeals such as anger versus calmness and fear versus confidence to connect with the audience. This research contributes to the study of rhetoric by highlighting the importance of strategic communication in political campaigns and its relevance to audience engagement.

Terentang Baru Village is in the Batin XXIV District, Batang Hari Regency, which is 25 km from the sub-district capital. The area reaches 2,551.6 ha, with a population of 2,972 people. The population has the potential to be developed, the skills they have can form reliable and quality human resources. Ecoprint training is a simple, natural way of adding color to fabric by paying attention to local wisdom. Ecoprinting is done by using existing plants such as leaves, twigs and flowers without chemicals so it is very environmentally friendly. Ecoprint can be used as a business opportunity that produces art products with high selling value, which can increase people's income and economy. The aim of this service activity is (1) to improve the skills of the community in Terentang Baru Village, and (2) to create environmentally friendly business opportunities in Terentang Baru Village. The location of the activity was carried out in Terentang Baru Village, Bhatin XXIV District, Batang Hari Regency on September 14 2024 involving 6 students and 3 lecturers. The target of the activity is the people of Terentang Baru Village. The type of activity consists of an initial stage in the form of observation, followed by counseling and training which is the core stage of the activity. The final stage of the activity was evacuation. The evaluation results show that they strongly agree with the ecoprint training, which is one of the product trends that uses environmentally friendly natural dyes and is profitable for business. Ecoprint skills can create jobs, which are competitive with new innovations.

The Hajj and Umrah are spiritual rituals that have a special place in Islam, with essential differences in terms of the time of implementation. Hajj, as one of the pillars of Islam, is obligatory for every Muslim who is physically and financially able to perform it at least once in a lifetime. Umrah, although sunnah, also has great virtue in getting closer to Allah SWT. This study aims to analyze both forms of worship from the perspective of history, fiqh (Islamic law), and their social and spiritual influences on Muslim individuals and communities, providing a comprehensive understanding of the procedures, laws, and wisdom of implementing the Hajj and Umrah, as well as to examine the impact of implementing the Hajj and Umrah in everyday life, both from the perspective of individual spirituality and from the social side of Muslims. The method used in this study is qualitative research with a descriptive analysis approach. Data obtained from reference books, academic journals, and articles. The analysis was carried out with a descriptive and araitis approach explaining the theological perspective of Islamic law and the social and spiritual impacts of worship. The results of this study indicate that Hajj and Umrah have a significant impact on building deep spiritual awareness among Muslims. Ritually, the procedures for carrying out these two worships illustrate the values of monotheism, equality, and sacrifice. From an Islamic legal perspective, the difference between the obligation of Hajj and the sunnah of Umrah provides flexibility for Muslims to get closer to Allah SWT whenever they are able. From a social perspective, the implementation of this worship is a means of strengthening the unity of Muslims from all over the world.

This research aims to analyze Bobby Nasution’s campaign speech using Aristotle’s rhetorical proofs and Griffin’s Theory of Strategic Communication. The study investigates rhetorical proofs of logos, ethos, and pathos and explores their application in political communication. This qualitative research utilized content analysis with data derived from the transcript and video of Bobby Nasution’s speech, titled "Bobby Nasution Janji Prioritaskan Kesehatan dan Penanganan Hukum jika Menang Pilgub Sumut," uploaded on the YouTube channel Official iNews. The findings reveal that Bobby Nasution employed rhetorical proofs with a distribution of logos (37%), ethos (42%), and pathos (21%). Ethos was further demonstrated through practical wisdom (phronesis), moral virtue (arete), and goodwill (eunoia). Additionally, the speech balanced emotional appeals such as anger versus calmness and fear versus confidence to connect with the audience. This research contributes to the study of rhetoric by highlighting the importance of strategic communication in political campaigns and its relevance to audience engagement

Thei purposei ofi thisi articlei isi toi explorei thei meaningi andi theologyi ofi wisdomi ini thei booki ofi 2i Chronicles.i Thei methodi usedi ini writingi thisi articlei isi ai deductive,i qualitativei researchi approach,i withi datai collectioni conductedi throughi Libraryi Researchi methods,i includingi journals.i Thei theologyi ofi wisdomi ini 2i Chroniclesi highlightsi wisdomi (חָכְמָה/khokmah)i asi ai centrali themei thati integratesi intellectual,i practical,i andi spirituali dimensions.i Wisdomi isi noti limitedi toi theoreticali intelligencei buti alsoi encompassesi tangiblei abilitiesi toi overcomei challenges,i lead,i andi build.i Ini thei contexti ofi thisi book,i wisdomi isi regardedi asi ai divinei gifti rootedi ini thei feari ofi thei Lord,i asi illustratedi ini thei storyi ofi Solomoni (2i Chr.i 1:7-12).i Solomoni prayedi fori wisdomi toi leadi Israel,i emphasizingi wisdomi asi ai gifti thati enablesi fairi andi prudenti decision-making.i Wisdomi ini thisi booki isi dividedi intoi twoi types:i speculative,i whichi includesi reflectioni oni humani existence,i andi didactic,i whichi isi practicali andi instructional,i suchi asi proverbsi thati guidei dailyi life.i Wisdomi isi characterizedi byi universal,i practical,i ethical,i andi religiousi traits,i reflectingi itsi connectioni toi morali valuesi andi ai relationshipi withi God.i Ini 2i Chronicles,i wisdomi isi manifestedi ini aspectsi ofi leadershipi (2i Chr.i 1:10),i thei constructioni ofi thei Templei (2i Chr.i 2:12),i andi thei regulationi ofi worshipi (2i Chr.i 7:14).i Thisi wisdomi underscoresi thei importancei ofi obediencei toi Godi asi thei sourcei ofi wisdom,i guidingi decisionsi andi buildingi thei livesi ofi thei peoplei ini righteousness.  

Gender equality education has emerged as a key focus in raising knowledge of children’s rights from a young age. This article describes how the Center for Child Protection and Studies (PKPA) uses community, parent, and child involvement in educational programs to promote gender equality. The primary goal, particularly in Indonesia, is to establish a welcoming, equitable, and gender-neutral atmosphere. By using a participative, local wisdom-based approach, this program was able to change community perceptions, overcome gender stereotypes, and raise children’s understanding of their rights. In addition to raising awareness of gender equality issues among the younger generation, this outreach hopes to spark larger social change. With the cooperation of many stakeholders, the PKPA program has developed into a viable model for building an inclusive and equitable society.

Marriage in Islam is a sacred agreement, with the aim of worshiping Allah, but also a concept that embraces religious, moral and social values. And it is valid if it meets the terms and conditions. Where there are 5 laws in marriage, namely obligatory, sunnah, makruh, permissible and haram. The aim of this research aims to discuss marriage as well as the promise of purity carried out by men and women who want to continue a halal relationship, and perfect part of their faith. This research uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach, analyzing various sources such as books, magazines, offline and online articles or the latest journals, all data found from reading sources is then expressed in qualitative descriptive form. The results of this research show the problem of marriage in Islam in building a family that is sakinah mawaddah and rahmah. One of Allah's instructions in Islamic law is that He commands marriage and forbids adultery. Isalam has provided a clear concept regarding the procedure or process of a marriage which is based on the Al-Quran and the authentic Sunnah. Therefore, in this journal the author explores the meaning of marriage, the legal basis, conditions, harmony and wisdom of the law of marriage.