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Immunization is one of the important disease prevention efforts for toddlers. Complete immunization in toddlers can prevent various diseases that can be high-risk for children's health, such as diphtheria, polio, hepatitis, and measles. However, the level of complete immunization coverage in toddlers in Indonesia, including in the working area of ​​the UPTD Sawang Health Center, North Aceh Regency, is still a challenge. This study aims to identify factors that influence the implementation of complete immunization in toddlers in the area. The method used in this study is quantitative research with a descriptive approach. The research sample consisted of parents or caregivers of toddlers in the working area of ​​the UPTD Sawang Health Center, with a total of 100 respondents. Data were collected through a questionnaire that included factors such as parental knowledge, attitudes, accessibility of health services, and family socio-economic factors. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics. The results of the study showed that there were several factors that influenced complete immunization in toddlers, namely parental knowledge about the importance of immunization, parental attitudes towards immunization, accessibility to health facilities, and parental education levels. Socioeconomic factors, such as family income and parental occupation, also played an important role in the success of complete immunization. In addition, there was a significant influence between the distance from the house to health facilities on the level of immunization coverage. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that efforts to increase the coverage of complete immunization in toddlers in the Sawang Health Center UPTD area need to consider these factors.

In the era of Digital Society 5.0, the development of information and communication technology has had a significant impact on daily life, including in the field of education. Christian education has become an important component in the character formation of adolescents, particularly within the youth fellowship of the Evangelical Protestant Church in the Archipelago (GPIN) Bukit Asam. Parents play a central role in teaching religious values to their children, which will shape their character and morality amid the challenges of the digital era. This research will discuss how parents teach and implement Christian education for the character formation of adolescents at GPIN Bukit Asam, as well as the challenges and strategies faced in the digital context. The findings of this study contribute to understanding the role of parents in applying Christian education for the character formation of GPIN Bukit Asam adolescents in the 5.0 era.

Language skills are one of the key aspects in children's cognitive and social development. The family environment, as the first and primary environment for children, plays an important role in shaping language habits, enriching vocabulary, and developing children's communication skills. This study aims to explore the influence of the family environment on children's language development, focusing on interactions between parents and children, reading habits, and emotional support in the family. The research method used was a qualitative approach with in-depth interview techniques involving parents as research subjects. The results revealed that a communicative and supportive family environment is the main basis for children in learning language. Habits such as inviting children to talk, reading books together, and providing emotional support are the main factors that influence children's language development. In the midst of the digital era, parents need to be smart in utilizing technology, by limiting the use of gadgets and prioritizing direct interaction. Consistent communication patterns and special activities such as reading together or role-playing have also proven to be very effective in supporting children's language development. Although there are challenges such as time constraints and children's interest in gadgets, parents can overcome them with creativity and patience. This study provides practical advice for parents in creating a family environment that supports children's language development.

Language skills are one of the key aspects in children's cognitive and social development. The family environment, as the first and primary environment for children, plays an important role in shaping language habits, enriching vocabulary, and developing children's communication skills. This study aims to explore the influence of the family environment on children's language development, focusing on interactions between parents and children, reading habits, and emotional support in the family. The research method used was a qualitative approach with in-depth interview techniques involving parents as research subjects. The results revealed that a communicative and supportive family environment is the main basis for children in learning language. Habits such as inviting children to talk, reading books together, and providing emotional support are the main factors that influence children's language development. In the midst of the digital era, parents need to be smart in utilizing technology, by limiting the use of gadgets and prioritizing direct interaction. Consistent communication patterns and special activities such as reading together or role-playing have also proven to be very effective in supporting children's language development. Although there are challenges such as time constraints and children's interest in gadgets, parents can overcome them with creativity and patience. This study provides practical advice for parents in creating a family environment that supports children's language development.

This study aims to determine how moral and cultural values ​​are formed in the Ngeri-ngeri sedap film. This study uses a descriptive research type. The results of this study discuss several scenes related to the issue of family conflict in the Ngeri-Ngeri Sedap film. The issues include: parents who have the right to control their children, parents who tell their children to marry fellow Batak people to continue the culture, parents who tell their children to return from their travels, the cause of family conflict because each family member feels like they want to be heard but doesn't want to hear, and the role and opinions of women in this family are not considered. The relationship in the family is very eternal and eternal, therefore every conflict in the family must be resolved so that a harmonious family is realized.

Discipline is one of the important values in the world of education that contributes to the order and responsibility of students in academic and social life. This study aims to analyze the implementation of discipline values through Dhuha prayer activities at MI Islamiyah Palangka Raya. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that Dhuha prayer plays a role in shaping student discipline, which is reflected in the habit of coming on time, regularity in worship, compliance with rules, and politeness and courtesy. In addition, this activity increases students' mental readiness in learning, making them more focused, patient, and enthusiastic in facing academic tasks. The role of teachers as role models and mentors is very influential in the success of this program, supported by the involvement of parents who ensure that students participate in activities consistently. Synergy between schools, teachers, and parents contributes to the sustainability of the program, so that disciplinary values can be effectively instilled. Thus, Dhuha prayer not only functions as worship, but also becomes a means of forming the discipline character of students who are responsible and have a high work ethic.

Menstruation was a natural process experienced by females who have entered puberty. In Islam, maintaining cleanliness during menstruation was not only essential for physical health but also has spiritual significance. Family support, especially from parents, plays a crucial role in shaping adolescents' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors about personal hygiene during menstruation. Based on the tests conducted, there is a significant relationship between family support and knowledge (p < 0.05), attitude (p < 0.05), and behavior (p < 0.05) concerning Islamic personal hygiene during menstruation. Respondents who received high family support tended to have better knowledge, attitudes, and hygiene practices. There is a correlation between family support and knowledge, gesture, and behaviors regarding Islamic personal hygiene during menstruation among female adolescents in junior high schools in Semarang.

 Immunisation is the stage of prevention of infectious diseases such as ‘hepatitis, tuberculosis, polio, tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis, and measles’ Knowledge of parents, especially mothers, plays an important role in the success of immunisation programmes, where education level affects knowledge about the importance of immunisation. The following study aimed to analyse the correlation between parents' education level and knowledge in providing complete basic immunisation to children. The following quantitative approach uses a Cross Sectional design, on 88 respondents selected through Purposive Proportional Random Sampling using a questionnaire in the form of a questionnaire and obesrvasion. Data were collected through questionnaires and analysed using the Chi-Square test. The results showed a significant relationship between education level and parental knowledge in providing complete basic immunisation at Bangetayu Health Centre, Semarang City (p-value <0.05). Thus, the higher the level of education of parents, the better their knowledge in providing complete basic immunisation to children. This study highlights the importance of complete basic immunisation to prevent disease. Health offices and health centres need to improve education through counselling and information distribution. Parents' awareness plays an important role in ensuring children are fully immunised. This study is useful for parents in increasing knowledge, health centres in improving services, and researchers as a reference for further studies.  

Communication is the process of exchanging and sharing information that plays a role as a medium in conveying information and a tool to influence others. One type of communication that is often used is interpersonal communication, because it is done face-to-face directly and using smartphones that are considered effective for persuading others, as well as carried out by caregivers at the An-Nur Women's Charity Home. This research aims to find out how to apply the elements of interpersonal communication media used, how to achieve the goals of interpersonal communication, and the driving and inhibiting factors of interpersonal communication. Methods used in this study include qualitative research with a case study approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation from various informants. The results of the analysis show that the interpersonal communication process provided by caregivers includes material about religion, education, guidance, reprimands, advice, questions, storytelling, motivation, and solutions. Additionally, there is a closeness in interpersonal communication between caregivers and children, formed through listening, opening up to each other, sharing stories, understanding messages, and making caregivers both friends and parents. Empathetic, consistent, and attentive communication from the caregiver significantly contributes to the formation of self-confidence, social skills, independence, and responsibility in foster children. Furthermore, a caregiver with strong interpersonal relationships creates a comfortable and supportive environment for children to develop optimally. Open and supportive interpersonal communication helps the child feel valued, heard, and cared for, which contributes to the development of foster children in line with expectations.

This study examines the impact of Christian Religious Education Management on the spiritual development and character formation of children in Christian families, especially in the Tengko Klasis Walendrang Timur Congregation. This study emphasizes the basic role of the family as the primary environment in instilling moral and spiritual values, despite challenges arising from the negative influences of technological advances and modern lifestyles. Using a quantitative approach and purposive sampling technique, this study assesses how parental guidance—with the support of church education programs such as Sunday School and Catechism—contributes to the formation of a strong Christian identity in children. The results of the study indicate that effective education management, in which parents act as educators, motivators, facilitators, mentors, and role models, is essential to fostering sustainable spiritual growth and positive character. This study concludes that increased collaboration between families and churches is needed to strengthen spiritual education so that children can develop mature and resilient Christian characters.

Violence against children often occurs in various places, whether at home, school, or in the surrounding environment. Data from the Ministry of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection (KPPPA) shows that from 2015 to 2023, incidents of violence against children have been increasing. The perpetrators of such violence are frequently the children's own parents or acquaintances. Common forms of violence against children include physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, and exploitation. The aim of this research is to explore the role of pastors as a solution to prevent violence against children. This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach based on literature review. The roles of pastors in combating violence against children include providing education and awareness, family counseling, building a caring community, and conducting counseling sessions.

Gadgets play a very important and helpful role in technology and communication. The progress in the use of gadgets is not only used by adults, one of which is elementary school age children. Gadgets themselves have positive and negative impacts, therefore parents need a parenting style to control and educate every child's activities. The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship between parenting styles and gadget addiction in elementary school-aged children. This type of research is quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach. The population of this study was 192 respondents. The sample size was 130 respondents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, then taken using simple random sampling technique. The instrument uses the PSDQ and smartphone addiction test. The independent variable is parenting style and the dependent variable is gadget addiction. Data were analyzed using the gamma correlation test. The research results obtained from the gamma test analysis with a significance value of α = 0.05 obtained a p value (value) = 0.031 <0.05, which means there is a relationship between parental parenting patterns and gadget addiction in elementary school age children. The conclusion is that parental parenting styles have a significant relationship to gadget addiction in elementary school-aged children.

Background: Stunting occurs when a child's height is lower than the average for their age due to poor growth caused by chronic malnutrition, which occurs when a child's nutritional intake is insufficient for an extended period. Stunting may have both direct and indirect causes. Direct causes include inadequate nutrition, while indirect causes include parenting practices. Food consumption is a behavior that improves the nutritional state of the body in a measurable way. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between food intake and maternal parenting practices with the occurrence of stunting in toddlers at Puskesmas Pancur Batu, Desa Tanjung Anom, Kecamatan Pancur Batu, Kabupaten Deli Serdang in 2024. Method: A quantitative, observational, cross-sectional technique was used in this study. The study will be conducted from June to July 2024. Primary and secondary data were used in this study. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests for bivariate and univariate analysis. Results: The findings show a significant correlation (p-value = 0.000 < 0.05) between food consumption and the occurrence of stunting. A p-value of 0.002 < 0.05 indicates a relationship between maternal parenting practices and the occurrence of stunting. Conclusion: There is a strong correlation between calorie consumption and stunting. Parental involvement is significantly related to the stunting rate. Recommendation: It is hoped that posyandu cadres and Puskesmas officials in the study area will receive greater appreciation for the role that parents play in monitoring the nutritional needs of their toddlers.

Happy and healthy gymnastics is a physical activity designed to enhance preschool children's gross motor skills through enjoyable and educational movements. This study was conducted at TK Wadifatimah Kota Cirebon to analyze the effectiveness of the program in improving movement coordination, balance, and rhythm-following skills in children aged 4-6 years. The method used was Participatory Action Research (PAR) with an Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach, involving teachers, parents, and children in all stages of the program, from planning and implementation to evaluation. The program was implemented over 12 weeks with a sequence of warm-up, core, and cool-down movements. The results showed a significant improvement in children's gross motor skills. Movement coordination increased by 32.9%, balance by 28.5%, and rhythm-following skills by 33.8%. Additionally, the program encouraged greater participation in physical activities at home and created an enjoyable learning experience. Program evaluation indicated that active teacher involvement and the use of music as movement stimulation played a crucial role in enhancing the effectiveness of gymnastics. The study concludes that happy and healthy gymnastics can be an effective method for developing preschool children's gross motor skills. For optimization and sustainability, it is recommended that this activity be integrated into the school curriculum, with a wider variety of movements and more intensive parental involvement.

Economic neglect of children is a condition where a child does not receive sufficient basic needs fulfillment from parents or caregivers, either intentionally or due to inability. This research aims to examine and analyze the mechanisms and barriers in providing legal protection for economically neglected children in Sukabumi District. This study employs normative legal research with data sources consisting of interviews, observations, and literature studies. The method used to process and analyze the data is qualitative analysis, conducted at the Integrated Service Center for Women and Children Empowerment (P2TP2A) in Sukabumi District. According to the research findings, the forms of legal protection provided include supervision, prevention, care, and rehabilitation. The barriers in providing legal protection for economically neglected children include funding issues, lack of understanding of procedures among personnel, reluctance of society to report cases, absence of clear Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), overlapping roles and responsibilities, and lack of empathy.

Research to determine the description of children's social emotional development and its implications for group guidance services at Ade Irma Suryani I Kindergarten, Pantai Cermin District, as well as the methods applied in this research, namely qualitative research and a field study approach. The method used for data collection was observation, interviews and documentation. The subjects in this research were the principal, teacher, and 2 young children at the Ade Irma Suryani I Pantai Cermin Kindergarten.The results of this research show that the description of children's social emotional development and its implications for group guidance services implemented in schools greatly influences the process of forming social emotional development in early childhood. The implementation of group guidance in this school is focused on group guidance methods and materials. The group guidance method used is by using the group guidance method. Meanwhile, group guidance materials use loose parts materials. Supporting and inhibiting factors for early childhood social emotional development depend greatly on the environment and the role of parents. The implications of group guidance in shaping the social emotional development process of early childhood show changes, where children can achieve self-understanding and relate to other people, take responsibility for themselves, and can demonstrate good social behavior.  

The Community Service Lecture (KPM) at Universitas Sains Al-Qur'an, Central Java, in Wonosobo focuses on student development and community empowerment. Group 22 Mojotengah 2025 initiated a research-based program titled "Designing 'Aisyah Ralin' Daycare to Build an Islamic and Enjoyable Early Childhood Learning Environment in Mojotengah, Condong Hamlet." Using the Research and Development (R&D) method, the program aims to educate and train children from an early age while supporting working parents by providing a safe and nurturing childcare environment. This initiative also creates job opportunities for mothers in Mojotengah Village, contributing to community welfare. Daycare centers (TPA) play a vital role in child development by offering a space for play and learning. A well-designed, child-friendly environment ensures safety and comfort for children. The project consists of several stages: preparation (field observation), planning (space design for activities), and implementation (arranging furniture to enhance safety and efficiency). The expected outcomes include a safe and supportive daycare environment and new employment opportunities for local women, ultimately improving the quality of early childhood education and overall community welfare in Mojotengah.

A healthy lifestyle is an important foundation in achieving a good quality of life. Physical education in schools plays a significant role in introducing and instilling healthy living habits in children from an early age. In addition, the role of parents as primary educators at home is crucial in supporting and strengthening healthy habits taught in schools. Collaboration between physical education and education from parents can create a conducive environment for children to adopt a healthy lifestyle sustainably. This activity was carried out in Timbuolo Village, Botupingge District, Bone Bolango Regency, and attended by the village head, teachers, principals, and parents. Through this Community Service socialization activity, it is hoped that parents can increase their insight into Health and a healthy lifestyle so that children can develop according to their developmental stages

The role of parents is an important factor in the process of child development. Parents play a role in ensuring that children are healthy and safe by providing facilities and infrastructure to develop social skills and character and media to instill social and cultural values ​​as early as possible. Parents provide affection, acceptance, appreciation, recognition, and direction or guidance to their children. The relationship between parents and children is very important for building trust in others and themselves. It can also help the child's social, emotional and cognitive development. Research shows that a warm, open and communicative parent-child relationship; having reasonable age limits; and communicating why children should not do something will increase self-confidence and achievement in school and society.

Socializing and improving literacy movement skills in schools have not yielded maximum results because of the low level of mentoring and training to improve literacy awareness and skills among students and teachers. Many teachers still assume that literacy is the responsibility of Indonesian language subject teachers. In addition, reading materials and texts available in schools have not been optimally utilized to develop students' literacy skills. The purpose of this study was to determine the use of folklore as a medium for strengthening Indonesian language literacy in the world of education. This study used a library research method to analyze the use of folklore as a medium for strengthening Indonesian language literacy. The results of the study showed that folklore has great potential in strengthening Indonesian language literacy. Folklore not only functions as an entertaining medium, but also as an effective learning tool to develop students' reading and writing skills. Through folklore, students can enrich their vocabulary, understand text structures, and improve their understanding of good and correct Indonesian. In addition, folklore also teaches moral, social, and cultural values ​​that are very relevant to students' daily lives. By introducing values ​​such as honesty, hard work, and respect for parents, folklore can educate students to have a good attitude in their lives. Folklore also plays an important role in introducing and preserving local culture, strengthening the nation's cultural identity, and increasing pride in Indonesia's cultural heritage.