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Profitability represents a bank's capability to evaluate how effectively its management generates profits. This study seeks to explore and determine the influence of liquidity, capital adequacy, operational risk, and credit risk on bank profitability. The research focuses on banking institutions listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange over the 2021–2023 period. The study utilizes quantitative data obtained from secondary sources, specifically financial statements published by the respective banks. A total of 32 banks were selected as research samples through purposive sampling. The study adopts a non-participant observation approach, and the data were processed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results indicate that liquidity has a positive yet statistically insignificant effect on profitability, capital adequacy has a significant negative effect, operational risk shows a negative but non-significant influence, and credit risk has a significant negative impact on bank profitability.

This study aims to determine the effect of work motivation and work discipline on employee performance at PT Tiki Jalur Nugraha Ekakurir (JNE) Kampung Lalang, a logistics and delivery service company. Optimal employee performance is the result of a combination of internal drive (motivation) and compliance with work regulations (discipline). This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to respondents who are operational employees at JNE Kampung Lalang. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression assisted by SPSS software. The results showed that work motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance with a coefficient value of 1.000 and a significance of 0.000. Conversely, work discipline has a negative but significant effect on employee performance with a coefficient value of -0.388 and a significance of 0.000. This finding indicates that increasing work motivation can encourage increased employee performance, while negative results from work discipline. This study emphasizes the importance of management in properly understanding the internal factors that influence performance so that the policies implemented do not have a counterproductive impact.  

Motor vehicle workshops need an information system that can help in managing services, customers, and spare parts stock. This study designs a web-based workshop management system with a case study at the Fam Auto workshop, which aims to improve operational efficiency and data transparency. The methodology used is the waterfall system development model with stages of analysis, design, implementation, and testing. The results of this study are a web-based application that is able to record service transactions, manage customer data, monitor inventory, and generate reports. This system is expected to replace the manual process that has been used at Fam Auto and make it easier for workshop owners to monitor operational activities in real-time.

The implementation of Hospital Management Information Systems (SIMRS) has become a strategic necessity to improve healthcare service quality and operational efficiency. This study focuses on evaluating the performance of SIMRS in the outpatient registration unit of Nur Hidayah Hospital Bantul, where system disruptions, inconsistent SOP application, and limited user training were identified as core issues. The research aims to assess how well the SIMRS aligns with the Human, Organization, and Technology components through the HOT-Fit model framework. A descriptive qualitative method was employed using purposive sampling to select five informants directly involved in SIMRS operations, including registration officers, IT staff, and the head of the medical records unit. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, direct observation, and documentation, and analyzed thematically based on the HOT-Fit model. The findings show that SIMRS contributes positively to workflow efficiency and data management; however, human factors such as inconsistent training and input errors remain prevalent. Organizational support is visible but lacks structured evaluation routines, and although the technological infrastructure is generally stable, peripheral device and network issues persist. The study synthesizes that effective SIMRS performance requires not only technological readiness but also consistent organizational commitment and continuous human resource development. It concludes that strengthening user competence, formalizing SOP usage, and improving infrastructure are essential to optimize the system's functionality and alignment with the HOT-Fit model.

The advancement of digital technology has revolutionized the way companies manage their business operations. Operational management is no longer limited to process efficiency, but has evolved into an adaptive, data-driven system supported by advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things (IoT), big data analytics, and cloud computing. This article aims to explore the evolution of operational management in the digital era by identifying major challenges such as the digital skill gap, technological infrastructure limitations, and organizational resistance to change, while also examining strategic opportunities such as automation, enhanced efficiency, and data-based decision making. Using a qualitative approach through literature review, this study provides both theoretical and empirical perspectives on the importance of operational innovation in building competitive advantage amid ongoing digital disruption.

We designed and implemented a web-based inventory system to address challenges in managing inventory and financial data at Toko bangunan Mutiara. With high daily transaction volumes and a wide variety of products, manual recording often leads to errors, inaccuracies in inventory data, and difficulties in monitoring cash flow. To address this, we developed the system using the Agile/Scrum development model, which allows for flexibility and adaptation to user needs through the stages of Requirements, Design, Development, Testing, Deployment, and Review. The system was developed using web technology, including PHP and JavaScript for the backend, HTML and CSS for the frontend, and MySQL as the database system. The main features we implemented include two integration options: barcodes and unique product codes to simplify recording, automatic notifications when stock reaches the minimum level set by the system, and the ability to generate accurate reports. It is hoped that this research, which was designed to enhance operational efficiency in recording incoming and outgoing goods, provide flexible and accurate access to inventory data, and minimize errors in recording and inaccurate data, will be successful. The implementation of this system contributes to more accurate inventory management and supports better financial decision-making for Toko bangunan Mutiara.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems have become the operational backbone of many modern companies, not only as a data integration tool but also as a crucial pillar in management control systems (MCS). This study aims to comprehensively analyze the impact of ERP implementation on operational efficiency and corporate accountability. Using a qualitative approach through literature study and case review, this study explores how ERP facilitates real-time and integrated information flow, which in turn improves managerial decision-making capabilities, resource optimization, and increased transparency and accountability at various levels of the organization. The results show that ERP contributes significantly to increased efficiency through process standardization and reduced redundancy, and strengthens accountability by providing clear audit trails and reliable data. However, the success of the implementation is highly dependent on factors such as top management support, adequate employee training, and alignment with business strategy.  

This study highlights the importance of accurately calculating the Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) as a foundation for strategic decision-making in the operations of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), specifically focusing on the business "Mie Ayam Bakso Mas Pri" located in Cikarang. The issue addressed is the challenge faced by MSMEs in accurately calculating COGS, which stems from a lack of knowledge, hidden or overlooked costs, and limited access to appropriate calculation methods. The primary objective of this research is to identify the cost components that influence COGS and to explore the implementation of calculation methods in a meatball processing business. This study employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data was collected through direct observation, interviews with the business owner and other relevant informants, and document analysis. The sources of data include primary data obtained directly from the MSME "Mie Ayam Bakso Mas Pri" and secondary data from various relevant literature. The research was conducted in the South Cikarang area, Bekasi Regency. The results from the methods used are expected to provide deeper insights into COGS management strategies in culinary sector MSMEs and their impact on operational efficiency and pricing decisions.

Data architecture is a framework that structures and manages data flows in an organization so that they can be used optimally to support data-based decision-making processes. The right design in data architecture ensures that data can be stored, accessed, processed, and analyzed efficiently. The main components in data architecture include data sources, storage systems, data processing, data integration, and analytics. In addition, aspects of security and data quality management also play an important role in maintaining data integrity and confidentiality. In the context of an ever-evolving business, data architecture must be able to adapt to changing organizational needs and existing technologies, as well as provide scalable and flexible solutions. Therefore, good data architecture management is a key factor in achieving operational efficiency and competitive advantage in the digital era.

The development of information technology has had a significant impact on the healthcare sector, particularly in improving the efficiency and quality of services. Technologies such as Big Data and the Internet of Things (IoT) enable the collection and analysis of large volumes of medical data as well as real-time patient monitoring. This study aims to analyze how the integration of Big Data and IoT can enhance the quality of healthcare services, with a focus on their impact on patient care and hospital operational efficiency. The research method used is a literature review, involving the collection and analysis of data from various sources such as scientific journals, articles, and related research reports. The results indicate that hospitals that have implemented these technologies have experienced significant improvements in several aspects, including increased diagnostic accuracy, reduced service delays, and more efficient resource management. Real-time patient monitoring through IoT devices enables faster medical decision-making, while Big Data analytics helps predict disease patterns and medical needs. However, the challenges faced include data security issues, infrastructure limitations, and shifts in healthcare practice paradigms. In conclusion, the integration of Big Data and IoT can improve the quality of healthcare services, but addressing the existing challenges is essential to optimize its implementation in the healthcare sector.

This study aims to analyze hazard identification in order to improve operational safety aspects in the service road area of I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport, Bali. This area is a vital part of the airside that has a high level of activity and complex safety risks, thus requiring special attention to potential hazards that may arise. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collection techniques through direct observation in the field, in-depth interviews with related personnel, and documentation studies relevant to the airport's safety system and operational procedures. The results of the study indicate that there are still significant potential safety risks in the service road area. Some key findings include haphazard parking practices by Ground Support Equipment (GSE), undisciplined behavior of ground handling personnel, and passenger movement in the operational area without adequate officer supervision. These problems are largely caused by weak supervision from the Apron Movement Control (AMC) unit, as well as the low level of understanding and implementation of safety culture among field workers. Through the process of identifying and assessing risks using the Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA) approach, researchers succeeded in mapping the severity of risks and developing appropriate mitigation measures, such as regulating GSE parking procedures, improving safety training, and adding supervisory personnel at vulnerable points. It is hoped that the findings of this study can be a basis for consideration for the management of I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport, Bali, in formulating policies and strategies for improving operational safety as a whole, especially in implementing a more effective and sustainable Safety Management Sistem (SMS).  

This research aims to examine the management process of qurbani implementation in Ma’had Al-Zaytun, an educational institution known for its comprehensive approach to character building and spiritual development. The implementation of qurbani at this institution covers several management functions, including planning, organizing, implementing, and evaluating. The study employs a qualitative approach using a case study method, with data collected through direct observation, in-depth interviews with those involved in qurbani management, and analysis of supporting documents. The findings indicate that the qurbani management process in Ma’had Al-Zaytun is well-organized and systematically executed, upholding Islamic legal principles and promoting values of social solidarity. Effective planning, from selecting appropriate sacrificial animals to determining the slaughter time and location, as well as the meat distribution process, is crucial to the program’s success. The involvement of committees, students, and teachers fosters operational efficiency. However, the study highlights challenges such as coordination issues and distribution management. To address these, it recommends improving training, supervision, and management information systems.

This research focuses on the development and evaluation of an Adaptive Edge-AI framework designed to optimize real-time data processing and decision-making in resource-constrained environments, specifically within smart city infrastructures. The primary problem addressed is the challenge of minimizing latency, reducing energy consumption, and ensuring the reliability of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) when using Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The objective of the study is to assess the effectiveness of this framework in real-world smart city applications such as traffic monitoring, environmental sensing, and smart utilities management. The proposed method integrates lightweight AI models, edge computing, and adaptive resource management techniques, including Federated Learning and Neural Architecture Search, to ensure optimal performance while addressing hardware constraints. The main findings reveal that the framework significantly improves real-time inference speed, reduces energy consumption of IoT devices, and enhances CPS reliability by minimizing communication delays and ensuring continuous system operation despite network disruptions. The application of this framework to smart transportation and urban utilities further demonstrates its potential to optimize city management processes. The study concludes that the Adaptive Edge-AI framework offers a promising solution for smart cities, enhancing operational efficiency, sustainability, and resilience. It is recommended for integration into smart city infrastructures to enable better resource management and decision-making in real-time applications.

The rapid growth of RT/RW Net-based internet services among the community has driven the need for an integrated, efficient, and easy-to-use billing system. The self-help RT/RW Net model often faces challenges in terms of administrative management, especially related to customer recording, billing, and financial reporting which are still done manually. Common problems faced by partners are payment systems that have not been digitized and minimal transparency in data collection and tracking of customer transactions. The purpose of this activity is to design and implement a web-based billing application built using the Laravel framework. This application is designed to facilitate the process of managing customer bills, monitoring internet service usage, and preparing financial reports automatically and in a structured manner. The method of implementing the activity includes the system design stage, training partners in using the application, and assistance in direct implementation in the RT/RW Net operational environment. The results of the activity show that the developed system has succeeded in automating most of the billing process and increasing the efficiency of administrative management by up to 80%. In addition, this system also has a positive impact on increasing transparency and accuracy of customer data. Suggestions for further development include the addition of automatic payment features through integration with payment gateways, as well as improving the user interface to make it more responsive and user-friendly.

The rapid development of information and communication technology has opened up significant opportunities to enhance service efficiency in various fields, including the beauty industry. Soraaya Studio, which offers a range of beauty services, currently still manages appointment scheduling manually. This manual system leads to several challenges, such as difficulties in efficient schedule management, data duplication, recording errors, and disorganization in the service reservation process. Furthermore, communication with customers regarding schedule confirmation becomes less effective. With the increasing number of customers, this manual scheduling system is no longer able to meet the growing complexity of operational needs.To address these issues, a web-based appointment scheduling system has been designed, which is integrated and user-friendly. This system is built using the PHP programming language with a MySQL database and features a responsive interface, making it easily accessible from various devices, including desktops and mobiles. Key functionalities provided include real-time creation, modification, and cancellation of appointments, management of service availability, and automated notifications via email or text messages to customers and studio staff. The implementation of this system aims to improve the accuracy and speed of the scheduling process, reduce manual errors, and facilitate schedule monitoring by management and staff, thereby enabling Soraaya Studio to provide a more professional and satisfying service to its customers.

This study investigates how data visualization helps retail companies make Business Intelligence (BI)-based decisions. The study processed one year of sales data with a quantitative descriptive approach to find seasonal patterns, performance by region, and customer consumption tendencies. The analysis results show that BI software such as Microsoft Power BI can visualize data more easily and accelerate understanding of business performance. Strategic decisions such as promotional planning and product inventory management are more effective with interactive visualization, which allows decision makers to see data in a more understandable way. The study found that data visualization in BI systems can help retail businesses make better decisions. These results show the importance of incorporating BI into a company's operational processes and using interactive visualization to improve overall business performance.

This study aims to analyze the effect of leverage, liquidity, and company size on profitability in food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2019–2023 period. Testing was conducted both partially and simultaneously to obtain a comprehensive picture of the relationship between variables. This study uses a quantitative approach with a sample of 14 companies selected through a purposive sampling method based on certain criteria, such as the completeness of annual financial reports during the study period and the availability of relevant data. The data used are secondary data obtained from the official IDX website (www.idx.co.id), including annual financial reports containing information on total assets, total liabilities, total equity, financial ratios, and the company's profit level. Data analysis was carried out using the multiple linear regression method using SPSS version 26 software, so that the effect of each independent variable on the dependent variable can be tested both individually and together. The results of the study indicate that simultaneously, the variables leverage (X1), liquidity (X2), and company size (X3) have a significant effect on profitability (Y). However, partial test results revealed that leverage had a negative and significant effect on profitability, indicating that a high proportion of debt can reduce a company's ability to generate profits. Meanwhile, liquidity and company size were not shown to have a significant influence on profitability, suggesting that these factors are not the main determinants of profit performance in this sector. This study implies that food and beverage company management needs to carefully consider capital structure to maintain profitability. For further research, it is recommended to add other variables such as operational efficiency, sales growth, and dividend policy, as well as extend the observation period for more in-depth and representative analysis results.

The problem faced by PT. Dinda Holding Company (DHC) is that it has difficulty in determining the best employees from a number of employees with varying performance qualities. Until now, the selection process has been carried out manually, taking into account the subjective assessments of the owner or store manager, without a structured evaluation system. As a result, employee selection tends to be inconsistent and leads to dissatisfaction among both employees and the business owner. Additionally, selected employees do not always demonstrate optimal performance, which impacts service quality and the operational sustainability of the store. Therefore, a decision support system was designed to assist PT. Dinda Holding Company (DHC) in selecting the best employees objectively, quickly, and accurately. Employees are human resources used as a driving force in the business operations of a company. The company faces the challenge of maintaining its competitive edge, which requires data on the performance of employees with good performance. This system applies the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method to perform calculations and evaluations based on predetermined criteria. The result of this system development is a desktop-based application using the Java programming language and a MySQL database, which is expected to assist management in making more measurable and structured decisions.

The laundry business is rapidly growing in urban society, especially in areas with a high activity rate. One of the main challenges is the manual transaction recording process, which causes inefficiency and potential errors. This research aims to design and develop a web-based cashier system for Laundry Indimo Azza using the Prototype method. The system is designed to support customer data recording, automatic service fee calculation, service and employee management, and structured transaction and financial reporting. The Prototype method was chosen due to its ability to adapt to user needs through design and evaluation iterations. Testing results using white box and black box methods show that the system works according to expectations, increasing operational efficiency and speeding up customer service.

The rapid increase in Ro-Ro (Roll-On/Roll-Off) vessel and vehicle traffic at Tanjung Perak Port, Surabaya, has exposed critical inefficiencies in port operations, particularly at key berths such as Jamrud Utara and Jamrud Selatan. These inefficiencies manifest as prolonged queuing times for Ro-Ro vessels and land-based vehicle congestion, leading to delays in cargo handling and increased operational costs. This study aims to evaluate the operational performance of Ro-Ro terminals based on queue time indicators for both Ro-Ro vessels and vehicles. Employing a quantitative descriptive approach, the research integrates the M/M/c queuing model and Fishbone Diagram analysis to identify systemic causes of operational delays and overcapacity. The study reveals that berth utilization rates exceed 75%, indicating saturation, while limited buffer zones and disorganized traffic flow exacerbate vehicle queues. As a case study, the findings offer data-driven insights and practical recommendations, including schedule optimization, dedicated traffic lanes, and infrastructural upgrades to mitigate congestion. The proposed framework not only enhances service efficiency at the port but also contributes to broader logistics performance in Eastern Indonesia. By combining classical queuing theory with root cause analysis, this research introduces a methodological synergy that can be replicated across other Ro-Ro terminals facing similar challenges. The findings underscore the urgent need for integrated port traffic management and infrastructural adaptability in response to growing maritime logistics demands.