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This study examines the naming of tourist attractions in Gondang District, Mojokerto Regency, through an ethnolinguistic approach to describe the meaning contained in the names. The object of study includes five tourist destinations, namely Akar Seribu, Bale Kambang, Kebun Pandansari, Padi Park, and Mbencirang Valley. This research used a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques in the form of field observations, interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed using descriptive-interpretative analysis techniques, namely by describing the language form used in naming, interpreting the meaning based on the local cultural context, and linking it to the social and ecological functions of each area. The results of the study show that the naming of tourist attractions in this area not only functions as a geographical marker, but also as a representation of the community's relationship with nature, agrarian identity, and a form of language adaptation to changes in spatial functions.

This study aims to describe Ecocriticism and Ecological Logic of Ama Nara Short Story by Silvester Petara Hurit. This study uses an ecocritic approach with a descriptive qualitative research method. The results of the Ecocriticism and Ecological Logic research of Ama Nara Short Story by Silvester Petara Hurit are as follows, (1) nature is the highest manifestation of Lamaholot society. The ecological logic that being modern in Ama Nara's view does not have to leave nature and ancestors. Ecocriticism of the attitude of the main character of the short story, Ama Nara who is not tempted by the modern lifestyle, (2) the attachment of farmers and nature. Ama Nara's ecological logic to protect the environment, continue to care for the fertility of the soil naturally, and that is actually much more valuable. Ecocriticism lies in Ama Nara's attitude to persist in choices, and (3) empowerment of natural resources. Ama Nara's ecological logic creates a local food barn (hoku) so that food needs are met. Ecocriticism lies in Ama Nara's attitude to remain consistent in maintaining traditional life by continuing to empower existing natural resources that make her family happy.

This research aims to analyze the translation procedures applied in the English-Indonesian subtitles of the animated film Back to the Outback, with a particular focus on how these procedures contribute to conveying meaning appropriately across languages and cultures. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the study examines utterances and sentences from both the English and Indonesian subtitle versions, which were sourced from the Subscene platform, a site where users collaboratively translate films into various languages. Data collection involved watching the film while observing the subtitles in both languages, followed by identifying and categorizing the translation procedures based on Peter Newmark’s theoretical framework. The findings reveal that the subtitles employ ten out of Newmark's nineteen translation procedures: couplet, modulation, paraphrase, reduction, literal translation, cultural equivalent, transfer, functional equivalent, naturalization, and transposition (shift). These procedures reflect the translator’s efforts to retain meaning, tone, and cultural nuance, making the film accessible and relatable to Indonesian audiences. Furthermore, the study concludes that the target audience of Back to the Outback includes viewers of all age groups, supported by the universal and comprehensible nature of the subtitle translation.

This study aims to describe the symbolism of rice seeds in the short story Sending the Last Rice Seeds to the Fields by Silvester Petara Hurit which reveals the relationship between various aspects of life and culture of the Lamaholot community, ranging from beliefs, traditions, to the relationship between humans and nature. This study uses a qualitative research method. The findings and discussion of the symbolism of rice seeds in the short story Sending the Last Rice Seeds to the Fields by Silvester Petara Hurit can be concluded as follows, 1) rice seeds as a symbol of life and fertility, 2) rice seeds as a symbol of Lamaholot tradition and culture, 3) rice seeds as a symbol of the relationship between humans and nature, and 4) rice seeds as a symbol of cultural resilience.

This study examines the legal protections and enforcement mechanisms against securities dilution in technology‐sector issuers adopting multiple voting rights stock classifications following an initial public offering (IPO) under Indonesia’s Financial Services Authority Regulation No. 22/POJK.04/2021. It addresses two core issues: the adequacy of minority shareholder safeguards embedded within the regulatory framework and the nature and extent of share dilution experienced by existing investors in dual‐class structures. Employing a normative legal research design with a doctrinal approach, the analysis draws on primary sources including UU No. 40/2007, UU No. 4/2023, POJK 22/POJK.04/2021, issuer prospectuses, and PT GoTo Gojek Tokopedia’s 2022–2024 annual reports complemented by secondary literature and tertiary legal references. Findings reveal that POJK 22/POJK.04/2021 integrates quantitative limits (a 90 percent cap on aggregate superior voting rights), procedural safeguards (minimum 5 percent ordinary‐shareholder quorum and independent renewal approval), temporal constraints (10‐year sunset clause), and one‐share‐one‐vote requirements for critical corporate actions, alongside a novel graduated voting ratio system. The GoTo case study underscores persistent misalignment between cash‐flow and voting rights, marked by significant share price volatility and reliance on share buybacks rather than dilutive issuances. While the regulatory framework is comprehensive, its efficacy is contingent on robust enforcement, transparency of indirect ownership, and institutional maturity. Empirical evaluation of post‐IPO dilution events, minority litigation outcomes, and enforcement actions is recommended to assess real‐world impacts.

Mastery of the concept of multiplication is a fundamental ability that needs to be mastered by primary school students as a foundation for learning further mathematical material. Unfortunately, many learners have difficulty in understanding multiplication thoroughly, both due to the abstract nature of the material and the lack of varied teaching methods. One of the main challenges is the decreased motivation to learn when facing multiplication topics that are considered complicated and boring. This programme introduces the lattice method as an alternative to learning multiplication at the primary level. This visual technique breaks down the multiplication process into structured steps that are easier to understand. The activity involved grade IV students and mathematics teachers at SDN 31 Jati Tanah Tinggi Padang as an effort to innovate numeracy learning. Implementation included socialisation, training, practice, and collaborative evaluation between teachers and students. Assessment instruments included learning interest questionnaire, comprehension test, observation sheet, and group discussion. As a result, the lattice method was proven to improve not only comprehension but also students' participation, confidence, and enthusiasm. Thus, this approach can be a solution to create more interesting and effective learning.

This study discusses how tourist attractions play a role in shaping destination identity through the integration of cultural, educational, and natural values. The focus of the study is directed at three tourist locations in East Java, namely Pari Temple, Surabaya Museum, and Pandawa Valley. All three represent different models of attractions—from historical sites with spiritual nuances, educational museums in the middle of the city, to thematically designed family recreation parks. The method used is a qualitative descriptive approach with a comparative case study, through observation, documentation, and semi-structured interviews.  The results of the study show that each location has its own way of constructing destination identity. Pari Temple emphasizes cultural continuity and sacred nuances. Surabaya Museum builds city identity through interactive historical education. Pandawa Valley offers a visual and emotional experience that is close to family tourists. All three show that destination identity is formed from a combination of design elements, cultural symbols, and visitor experiences. This study recommends strengthening local narratives and approaches that unite cultural, educational, and natural values ​​in sustainable tourism development.

The misuse of firearms by police officers is a serious concern that can endanger public safety and damage institutional credibility. Psychometric testing is used as a preventive measure to assess the mental and emotional readiness of officers authorized to carry firearms. This article aims to evaluate the implementation of psychometric tests at the Professional and Security Division (Propam) of Palembang City Police as an effort to prevent firearm misuse. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method through observation, documentation, and literature review. Findings show that the implementation of the test remains administrative in nature and is not fully utilized for psychological monitoring or intervention. In conclusion, psychometric testing needs to be strengthened to function effectively as an early detection tool in the internal supervision of the police force.

The purpose of this study is to understand the process of implementing the baritan tradition in Tawangrejo Village and to identify the social and cultural values contained within the tradition. This research uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of interviews and documentation. The results of the study show that the baritan tradition in Tawangrejo Village is held regularly every year, specifically on the eve of Satu Suro (the first day of the Javanese calendar). The tradition begins after the Maghrib prayer, marked by the local community bringing takir plontang, which are placed in the center as the community forms a circle around them. In addition, the baritan tradition contains both social and cultural values. The social values include compassion, responsibility, and social harmony. Meanwhile, the cultural values include the community’s behavior in relation to nature, interpersonal relationships within the society, and shared beliefs about desirable and undesirable actions.    

Prayer constitutes the essence of worship in Islam and serves as a profound expression of faith, resilience, and spiritual submission. This study aims to unveil the multifaceted dimensions of the prophets’ prayers in the Qur’an by integrating the adābi ijtimāʾī approach of Tafsir Al-Azhar (Buya Hamka) and the lughāwī approach of Tafsir al-Kashshāf (Mahmud al-Zamakhsharī). Employing a qualitative descriptive design with library research and content analysis (tahlīlī-munaṣābah-semantik), primary data comprised Qur’anic verses featuring prophetic supplications. Analysis focused on etymological, morphological, rhetorical, and socio-cultural aspects, as well as the ethical etiquette (adab) and pedagogical functions embedded in each prayer. Findings reveal that prophets’ prayers encapsulate layers of linguistic eloquence, spiritual resilience, and communal guidance, while divine corrections within certain supplications underscore the pedagogical nature of revelation. This integrative tafsir framework offers a holistic model for incorporating Qur’anic supplications into contemporary character and academic education, fostering both linguistic insight and social relevance

This research is intended to analyze the physical and mental elements in four poems by Heri Isnaini, namely "BERSAMA HUJAN", "I BRING THE WIND", ME AND SENJA" The analysis is carried out with a structural approach to reveal how poets build meaning through language and feeling. The physical elements studied include diction, imagery, concrete words, majas, and rhyme, while the inner elements include themes, tone, atmosphere, and mandates. The results of the study show that Heri Isnaini uses simple but poetic diction, strengthening the visual and emotional impression of the reader. Natural imagery and feelings are strongly displayed, with language styles such as metaphors and personifications. The themes that emerge reflect contemplation, tranquility, and closeness to nature. The tone of the poem is calm and melancholy, creating a contemplative atmosphere. The mandate in the poem invites the reader to reflect on life, accept change and understand sincerity. The combination of physical and mental elements results in a simple but deeply meaningful poem.  

The purpose of this study is to determine the construction and existence of Islamic educational management science. The research conducted is descriptive in nature where researchers collect words not in the form of a series of numbers for this study which in essence these words can provide a description or present existing problems and problem solving. The data analysis used is by analyzing the content, where the analysis emphasizes more on describing the contents of various existing propositions that are born from various theories and previous analyses conducted by other researchers. The results of the study indicate that the construction of science or the order of science is certainly related to several understandings about how someone seeks knowledge. The construction of the Islamic education system refers to the process of planning, organizing, and implementing various components and strategies of education based on the principles and values of Islamic teachings. The existence of Islamic Education Management shows that Islamic Education Management really exists and its existence is recognized in real terms by society. Existence Islamic educational management science focuses on governance actions that are considered not yet fully implemented by Islamic educational institutions, for example the concept of transparency and integrity. Theoretically, the discussion can be shifted to Islamic education science or to Islamic studies rather than directly to holy verses that can be dogmatic

The purpose of this study is to explore and understand the various rules of Islamic jurisprudence related to divorce, and how to apply these rules in problems related to divorce. This study uses a library research approach. The results of the study indicate that divorce should be imposed based on valid reasons and lead to the need to separate. Imposing divorce without a clear reason can result in sin for the husband. In addition, the valid requirements for divorce are that the husband who makes it must be mature and of sound mind, so that he can be responsible for the decision. This study examines four main rules of Islamic jurisprudence related to the law of divorce in Islam, namely: first, divorce cannot be separated and falls according to the number mentioned, second, the place where the divorce falls is where the marriage bond occurs, third, the law of divorce follows the nature that is coupled with the number so that the number of divorces is in accordance with what is mentioned, and fourth, even though divorce is said to be related to the past, the law of its fall still applies when the words are pronounced as well as examples and exceptions. This study uses a literature study method with analysis of the Qur'an, Hadith, and the opinions of classical and contemporary scholars. The results of the study confirm that these rules are very important in determining the validity, time of divorce, and its legal implications, thus providing legal certainty for married couples in Islamic households. The purpose of this study is to explore and understand the various Islamic jurisprudence rules related to divorce, as well as how to apply these rules in problems related to divorce. This study also aims to analyze the relevance and legal implications of these rules in the practice of Islamic family law, in order to provide a comprehensive understanding and legal certainty for Muslims in living their household life.  

Early childhood children have a very high curiosity about the world around them. The most effective learning process for them is through direct experience and interaction with the environment. Unfortunately, language learning activities in kindergartens (TK) are often limited to indoor activities, such as reading books or playing word cards. In fact, nature and the environment around the school offer unlimited resources to stimulate children's language development holistically. This research provides an innovative approach to language learning, namely by utilizing natural media in the school environment5. The main goal is to test the effectiveness of nature exploration activities in enriching vocabulary, improving descriptive skills, and encouraging verbal expression in early childhood.

This study aims to determine the use of flashcard learning media in improving the communication skills of autistic children. Autistic children often experience obstacles in communicating, both verbally and nonverbally, so interactive and visual learning methods are needed. Flashcards were chosen as the media because of their simple, interesting, and easy-to-use nature to convey information visually. This study uses a quantitative approach with an experimental research design. The subjects of the study were autistic children aged 4-6 years who attended Anggrek Mandiri Inclusive Kindergarten. It is hoped that this study will be able to improve the communication skills of autistic children, both in recognizing words and understanding certain concepts.

The present study aims to identify and analyze idiomatic expressions in the lyrics of “Do I Wanna Know?” by Arctic Monkeys. Idioms are non-literal expressions that often cause difficulty for English learners due to their figurative nature. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach with a focus on semantic and contextual analysis based on the theories of Palmer (2007), Larson (2010), and Halliday (2014). The results indicate that the song contains several idiomatic expressions that reflect emotional states such as longing, regret, and insecurity. These findings suggest that song lyrics can serve as effective, authentic, and engaging media for learning idioms in EFL contexts. The study also highlights the pedagogical and cultural implications of using popular songs as teaching materials.

Making ecoprints to improve skills in using natural materials in learning arts and culture and crafts for elementary school children in Kalijambe, Sragen. Making this ecoprint means that the motifs produced on each fabric have different colors and patterns even though they use the same type of plant leaves. This is due to several factors, the relatively different shapes of the leaves. The introduction of ecoprinting to elementary school children creates a creative experience in learning arts and culture and crafts. Another contribution that can be achieved from this training is the growth of students' awareness of the potential of the environment and the desire to preserve nature. Ecoprint work training also provides real and meaningful learning experiences. Exploring the variety of natural materials around, especially leaves, adds value to aesthetic sensitivity. Apart from that, ecoprints also have quite a lot of selling value.

The River Basin (DAS) as a place of absorption and water source for living things, forms an ecosystem and a direct relationship between humans and nature. This study aims to determine the function of the Subayang River for the DAS community in Tanjung Belit Village, and to analyze the process of interpreting the river using the social construction theory of Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckman. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis uses the Miles and Huberman model. The research subjects numbered eight people, consisting of six main subjects (selected purposively) and two key subjects. The results of the study show that the Subayang River has domestic functions (consumption and MCK) and non-domestic (interaction space, economic function, mobility, culture, conservation, and disposal). The process of the community interpreting the Subayang River consists of three processes, namely externalization (Knowledge) sources of community knowledge about rivers are formed through direct experience, family heritage, social interaction, norms or unwritten rules maintained by the community. Objectivation (Attitude) of Subayang River is not only seen as a water source but as a source of life, as a sacred object, river as identity and river as a place of purification. Internalization (Action) of society carries out various actions that come from the community's response to the river. The social construction process is influenced by internal factors (Personal Experience, Cognitive Awareness, Emotional) and external factors (Family, Norms/Rules, Community Culture, Environmental Conditions).

This research focuses on improving English vocabulary and speaking confidence among students in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms through the implementation of Alphabet Box Learning. Many EFL students struggle with limited vocabulary and a lack of confidence when speaking, which hinders their communicative competence. The objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of Alphabet Box Learning in addressing these problems by providing an engaging and student-centered learning experience. The study employed a quasi-experimental method involving 65 students of SMP Kristen 1 Soe. Data were collected through pre-tests and post-tests, classroom observations, and student questionnaires to assess improvements in vocabulary mastery and speaking confidence. The findings revealed that students who participated in Alphabet Box Learning activities showed significant gains in vocabulary acquisition and their willingness to speak in class were increased. The interactive nature of the method, which combines visual, tactile, and verbal elements, created a supportive environment that encouraged active participation and reduced speaking anxiety. In conclusion, Alphabet Box Learning is an effective instructional strategy for enhancing both vocabulary and speaking confidence among EFL learners. Its implementation provides meaningful, engaging, and low-anxiety language learning experiences, making it a valuable addition to communicative language teaching practices.

This normative legal study examines the potential and challenges of implementing restorative justice approaches in cases involving corporate perpetrators within Indonesia's criminal justice system. The research employs statute, conceptual, and case approaches to analyze legal principles, norms, and court decisions related to corporate criminal liability and restorative justice mechanisms. Through comprehensive literature review of international academic databases and examination of Indonesia's legal framework, including the New Criminal Code of 2023 and Prosecutor's Regulation No. 15 of 2020, the study reveals that restorative justice offers a transformative alternative to traditional retributive models by prioritizing restoration, rehabilitation, and reconciliation between corporate offenders, victims, and affected communities. The dual track system selective model emerges as the most appropriate framework for corporate restorative justice implementation, enabling selective application while maintaining prosecutorial discretion for serious offenses. However, significant challenges persist, including the absence of specific regulatory frameworks for corporate actors, structural complexities arising from the non-personified nature of corporate entities, and profound power imbalances between corporations and victims that threaten process integrity. The study demonstrates that successful implementation requires comprehensive legal reforms, enhanced institutional capacity, robust victim support mechanisms, and safeguards against corporate manipulation. The research concludes that while restorative justice holds considerable promise for enhancing corporate accountability and victim restoration, effective implementation is contingent upon establishing clear legal frameworks, technical guidelines, and protective measures that address inherent power asymmetries between corporate offenders and their victims.