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In the academic world, proper and efficient reference management is essential to ensure the quality and credibility of scientific writing. However, many lecturers and education practitioners, particularly early childhood education teachers, still encounter difficulties in managing references according to established academic standards such as APA and MLA citation styles. This challenge often hinders the process of academic writing and decreases the quality of scholarly outputs. To address this issue, a structured training program was conducted focusing on the use of Mendeley, a digital reference management tool designed to simplify citation and bibliography management automatically. The objective of this training was to enhance participants’ technical competence, digital literacy, and their ability to integrate Mendeley into the process of preparing scientific papers. The training activities were carried out using a series of steps, including needs assessment of participants, collaborative planning, hybrid training implementation (both online and offline), and continuous assistance through follow-up forums. Throughout the program, participants were guided step-by-step on how to install, use, and integrate Mendeley into word processing applications for academic writing. The results of the evaluation showed a significant increase in participants' knowledge and practical skills, with an N-Gain score of 0.70, which falls into the high effectiveness category. The training not only improved the quality of reference management in scientific papers but also promoted greater professionalism and academic accountability. Moreover, it supported the broader goal of integrating technology into educational development. Overall, this initiative is expected to encourage more systematic, efficient, and digitally literate practices in academic writing among educators, ultimately contributing to improved educational quality in higher education settings.

This study aims to examine the extent to which social media is utilized in agribusiness learning among students at Universitas Adzkia. A quantitative descriptive approach was employed, using a Likert scale-based questionnaire as the research instrument. The collected data were tabulated and classified into score percentages to determine the category of social media utilization. The research was conducted from June to July 2024 using a census method, involving all 38 students enrolled in the Agribusiness Study Program at Universitas Adzkia. The findings indicate that overall, the use of social media in agribusiness learning falls into the moderate category, with a score percentage of 55.76%. When broken down into agribusiness sub-systems, the results show that the use of social media in the agricultural input supply sub-system was 55.76%, in farming activities 56.14%, agricultural product processing 49.67%, marketing 44.08%, and agribusiness support services 47.20%. These results suggest that although social media has been used in the learning process, its utilization is still at a moderate level and not yet evenly distributed across all agribusiness sub-systems. This presents both opportunities and challenges for lecturers and educational institutions to develop more innovative, technology-based learning strategies. To enhance the effectiveness of agribusiness learning, it is recommended that lecturers actively encourage students to use social media in a productive manner. This could be implemented through the assignment of structured tasks that require the use of social media platforms for academic discussions, information searches, and the creation or sharing of relevant agribusiness content. Such efforts are expected to make social media not only a tool that enriches students' learning experiences but also a means to deepen their understanding of the dynamic and ever-evolving field of agribusiness. Ultimately, integrating social media into learning can support the development of digital competencies and practical insights among agribusiness students in higher education.

The problem in this research is formulated into three main questions: (1) How to develop "PAPIN" (Smart Board) learning media on ethnic and cultural diversity for Grade IV students at SD Negeri 101767 Tembung? (2) How to validate the "PAPIN" learning media to ensure its appropriateness and quality for use in the classroom? (3) How effective is the use of the "PAPIN" (Smart Board) learning media in improving students' understanding of ethnic and cultural diversity in a primary school setting? The main objectives of this research are: (1) To develop feasible and relevant "PAPIN" learning media that supports the learning of ethnic and cultural diversity in accordance with the needs of Grade IV students at SD Negeri 101767 Tembung. (2) To produce a practical and user-friendly digital learning tool that can be integrated into classroom activities. (3) To evaluate the effectiveness of the media in improving learning outcomes, particularly students' knowledge, engagement, and appreciation of cultural diversity. This research adopts the 4D (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate) development model, a systematic method for creating and validating educational products. The research subjects are fourth-grade students from SD Negeri 101767 Tembung, selected as they represent the target users of the media. Data were collected through classroom observations, documentation, expert validation sheets, student response questionnaires, and evaluation instruments to measure the learning outcomes. The findings of this research are expected to contribute to the development of innovative, technology-based instructional tools in elementary education, particularly in promoting multicultural awareness and inclusive learning environments.

The digital design of cultural museums with an interactive and educational approach in Indramayu Regency aims to present a modern, innovative, and interesting cultural preservation space. This concept was born from the urgent need for a means that are able to preserve, document, and promote local cultural wealth in the midst of the rapid flow of globalization. The lack of cultural literacy among the public, especially the younger generation, as well as the loss of historical objects due to inadequate storage facilities, are the main reasons for the importance of developing digital-based museums. Through an interactive approach, visitors can actively engage with cultural collections using advanced technologies such as augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and interactive multimedia. This technology provides an immersive, engaging, and personalized learning experience, so that visitors not only see, but also virtually experience the richness of the culture on display. Meanwhile, the educational approach is designed to create an informative, collaborative, and fun learning environment, which is highly relevant for learners and the younger generation as the successors of cultural preservation. Indramayu Regency, known for its long history, maritime traditions, and distinctive coastal culture, has great potential to become a center for cultural education. This digital museum will utilize digital technology to document cultural narratives in depth, so that it can be accessed not only by local people, but also national and international tourists. With its strategic location in the city center, the presence of this museum is expected to encourage the participation of the public and tourists in understanding, appreciating, and preserving the local culture of Indramayu. Apart from being an educational facility, this museum is expected to be able to become a driver of local tourism that makes a positive contribution to the economy of the surrounding community. Digital cultural museums are not only a place for preservation, but also a symbol of a strong regional identity, reflecting the synergy between technological innovation and commitment to cultural sustainability in the modern era.

The development of digital technology has significantly changed students’ lives, especially in learning and entertainment activities. However, the high intensity of using electronic devices such as smartphones, tablets, and computers has increased the amount of time spent in front of screens (screen time). Excessive screen time has adverse effects on eye health (e.g., dry and tired eyes), disrupts sleep patterns due to blue light exposure, and reduces students' concentration in learning. This community service program aimed to raise students' awareness and knowledge regarding the negative impact of prolonged screen time and provide education on mitigation strategies, such as the 20-20-20 rule, screen time limitations, and healthy sleep routines. The program was conducted through educational outreach and interactive discussions involving 88 students from grades X and XI at SMA Negeri 1 Tomohon in May 2025. Evaluation was carried out using pre-tests and post-tests along with feedback questionnaires. The results showed a significant improvement in students’ understanding of screen time risks and how to manage it. Participants also demonstrated high enthusiasm, as reflected in active involvement during Q&A sessions and their adoption of the tips provided. This program is expected to be the first step in fostering healthy digital habits among students.

This research examines the process of internalizing civic values within the context of multicultural education in Indonesia, which faces complex challenges in forming citizens with strong national identity while appreciating diversity. The study aims to analyze effective models and strategies for internalizing civic values in multicultural educational environments and identify implementation challenges. The research methodology employs a qualitative approach with literature study analyzing relevant academic publications from 2021-2025 through qualitative content analysis techniques. Findings indicate that internalizing civic values in multicultural education requires a holistic approach integrating cognitive, affective, and behavioral dimensions through learning strategies based on local wisdom, modern technology utilization, and transformative pedagogy. Main challenges include lack of stakeholder support, policy implementation gaps, and resistance to learning paradigm changes. The research indicates the need for reconstructing civic education paradigms from indoctrination models toward reflective-contextual learning that emphasizes tolerance, inclusivity, and appreciation for cultural diversity. Research implications emphasize the importance of synergy between educational policies, teachers' roles as transformation agents, and continuous evaluation to realize civic education responsive to the challenges of Indonesia's multicultural society

Modern education has undergone significant transformation with the integration of technology into learning. Technology plays a crucial role in enhancing motivation, creativity, and learning effectiveness through interactive media, digital applications, and online platforms. This review employs a literature study method to analyze the impact of technology on learning processes. The analysis reveals that technology facilitates access to information, increases student engagement, and enriches teaching strategies. However, challenges such as technological access gaps in remote areas, limited teacher competencies, and potential negative impacts like internet addiction and reduced communication skills persist. Hence, strategic approaches, including teacher training and infrastructure development, are needed. This study highlights the importance of wise implementation of technology to support inclusive and sustainable education.

The rapid development of digital technology has brought significant changes in the healthcare system, notably through the integration of health informatics. However, awareness and understanding of this field among high school students remain limited. This community service project aimed to promote digital health literacy by introducing health informatics to students at Madrasah Aliyah Al Manar Medan. Using an educational-participatory approach, the activities involved interactive presentations, group discussions, and hands-on simulations of digital health applications. The results indicated a substantial increase in students' knowledge and interest in health technology, with many demonstrating enthusiasm for future careers in health informatics. The program also fostered critical awareness regarding the use of technology in healthcare, highlighting the role of young people in supporting digital transformation in health services. Furthermore, the emergence of active student facilitators during the simulation sessions illustrates the development of local leadership potential. These findings suggest that early digital health education using participatory methods can be an effective strategy to nurture digital competence and social responsibility among youth.

Excessive consumption of salt and caffeine during pregnancy can lead to complications such as hypertension, preeclampsia, impaired fetal development, and miscarriage. However, awareness among pregnant women regarding these risks remains low, particularly in regions with limited health literacy such as Batubara Regency. This community service project aimed to enhance pregnant women's understanding of safe salt and caffeine intake through a community-based educational approach at Posyandu Tenggiri. The methods included interactive counseling, group discussions, and pre- and post-test evaluations. The results showed a significant increase in participants’ knowledge, from a pre-test average score of 48.87 to 74.20 in the post-test. Additionally, the activity sparked the emergence of a local change agent and greater family involvement in dietary decisions during pregnancy. This program demonstrated that simple and participatory education can foster social transformation and healthier consumption behavior.

The development of digital technology today has influenced various aspects of human life, from communication to instant access to information, but the digital literacy gap is still felt by some people, especially in non-technical communities. This community service activity aims to improve basic understanding of computers and the internet for the Purwokerto Fixie Community, a bicycle community whose members come from various ages and educational backgrounds. The socialization method is carried out interactively with a simple language approach, so that the material can be optimally absorbed by participants who have minimal digital experience. The material presented includes an introduction to computer devices, basic concepts of internet networks, digital security, and an understanding of the latest technologies such as 5G and the Internet of Things (IoT). The evaluation results showed an increase in participants' knowledge of basic digital literacy, as well as an awareness of the importance of using information technology safely and responsibly. This activity is the first step in efforts to empower communities through increasing inclusive and applicable digital literacy.

This study aims to analyze the ability of students in the Primary School Teacher Education (PGSD) Study Program to develop Lesson Plans (RPP) and implement teaching through microteaching activities. The RPP serves as a crucial tool for prospective teachers in designing a systematic and measurable learning process, while microteaching functions as an effective teaching practice medium to develop students’ pedagogical skills. This research employed a qualitative descriptive method, with data collection techniques including observation, documentation, and interviews with final-year PGSD students enrolled in the microteaching course. The findings reveal that most students were able to develop lesson plans in accordance with the applicable curriculum formats (K13 and Merdeka Curriculum), including formulating learning objectives and outlining the sequence of learning activities. However, weaknesses were still found in formulating learning indicators, selecting appropriate models and methods, and integrating literacy, numeracy, and the elements of the Pancasila Student Profile. In implementing microteaching, students demonstrated mastery of the material and conducted learning activities in a structured manner. Nonetheless, some still faced challenges in classroom management, interactive communication, and the use of media and educational technology. The conclusion of this study indicates that PGSD students’ abilities in preparing lesson plans and conducting microteaching are in the “fairly good” category. However, they still require further guidance and training to be fully prepared as professional educators in the field. It is expected that through continuous evaluation and constructive feedback from lecturers, students can improve the quality of their lesson planning and teaching practices more optimally.

Youth play a strategic role in maintaining social harmony and creating a safe and comfortable environment. However, various social challenges such as rising conflicts, a lack of awareness of peace values, and the negative influence of social media pose obstacles to building a peace-loving character. This community service aims to strengthen the character of peace-loving values among youth in Gogik Village, West Ungaran District, through interactive education and training. The service method involves mentoring and empowerment activities targeting the community through the local youth organization (Karang Taruna) by conducting training programs and digital campaigns. This initiative is expected to raise awareness and understanding among young people about peace values through training activities and digital outreach, helping them improve their knowledge of conflict management, effective communication, and the importance of creating a harmonious environment. Additionally, participants became more active in spreading messages of peace via social media. The significance of this community service lies in its contribution to reinforcing peace-loving character through educational approaches and digital technology, which can enhance youth awareness in preserving social stability. Therefore, synergy among government, communities, and educational institutions is essential to broaden the implementation of similar programs to build a more peaceful and tolerant society

The challenges often faced by MSMEs are how to promote their products. The technology development nowadays encourages MSMEs to utilize several social media platforms such as Instagram, Facebook, and websites as a promotional tool. The use of social media was believed can help expand the market. This is what is done by the Batik MSME in Juwet Kenongo Village, Sidoarjo Regency. However, the use of this technology is still not effective in increasing their sales. Batik sales are still dominated by orders and participation when attending exhibitions. This is due to the less-than-optimal strategy for utilizing social media. In addition, the storytelling aspect is still an obstacle when promoting on social media. Strengthening storytelling skills through a workshop is believed to be effective in helping MSMEs compose better story narratives. Besides that, this workshop is believed to be an urgent need for MSMEs. The focus of this community service is educational assistance related to compiling marketing through storytelling. MSMEs will be equipped with product narrative writing techniques. The assistance activities were welcomed by MSMEs. The participants were also cooperative and actively asked questions to the speakers. By participating in this training, MSMEs gain insight into the importance of strengthening the storytelling aspect in compiling interesting captions or narratives.

This study aims to improve students' creativity through the application of project-based learning models (PjBL) with modern puppet media in fine arts subjects at the Senior High School (SMA) level. The background of this study is based on the low creativity of students due to the conventional approach to fine arts learning and the lack of integration of media and technology in learning. The study was conducted as Classroom Action Research (CAR) with a descriptive qualitative approach implemented in class XI of SMA Negeri 46 Jakarta. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews, documentation, learning outcome tests, and questionnaires. The results of the study showed that the application of project-based learning models with modern puppet media significantly increased teacher and student activity in the learning process, improved learning outcomes, and received positive responses from students. Modern puppets have proven to be an effective medium in stimulating imagination, strengthening local cultural values, and building student character. This study recommends the use of creatively modified traditional media as an educational tool in developing student creativity in the era of the independent curriculum. The results of the study showed that the application of project-based learning models with modern puppet media significantly increase teacher and student activities in the learning process, improve learning outcomes, and receive positive responses from students. Modern puppets have proven to be an effective medium in stimulating imagination, strengthening local cultural values, and building student character. This study recommends the use of creatively modified

The focus of this research is to analyze the correlation between the duration of gadget use and the imaginative abilities of second-grade elementary school students. A quantitative approach was utilized with a correlational survey method involving 32 students from SDN Pekayon 16 Pagi as the sample. Data were collected through a validated open questionnaire regarding validity and consistency. The analysis findings indicate a negative relationship between the duration of gadget use and students' imaginative abilities. The longer the duration of gadget use (≥60 minutes/day), the lower the students' imaginative abilities, and vice versa. These findings highlight the urgency of parental monitoring in controlling the duration of gadget use as well as the selection of educational content. This research contributes to understanding the impact of technology on children's cognitive development, particularly in the area of imagination.

In the modern era, law enforcement faces increasingly complex challenges driven by socio-economic inequality, rapid urbanization, advancements in information technology, and shifting societal values. One significant consequence is the rise in violent crimes committed collectively (mobbing), which remains concerning issue in Indonesia, including Bantul, DIY. This research adopts a legal and empirical approach, examining causal factors and challenges faced by the Bantul Police’s Criminal Investigation Unit in handling mob violence cases. These acts are regulated under Article 170 of the KUHP, characterized by their open (openlijk) and collective (met vereenigde krachten) nature. Factors influencing mob violence include environmental conditions, personal revenge, the influence of social media, and educational background. Obstacles in the investigation include difficulties in identifying perpetrators, collecting sufficient evidence, and addressing the psychological state of both victims and witnesses. Statistical data highlights this ongoing issue: in 2022, there were 84 reported cases with 64 resolved; in 2023, 58 cases were reported with 42 resolved; in 2024, 53 cases were recorded with 41 resolved. From January to May 2025 alone, 21 reports were filed, with only 15 resolved. Although the number of reports has declined, the persistence of these cases demands more serious and coordinated responses from all stakeholders.

In the rapidly evolving digital era, human resources (HR) are a key factor in facing global challenges and leveraging technological opportunities. Education plays a strategic role in shaping high-quality human resources that are adaptive, innovative, and competitive. This study explores how education, through the enhancement of digital literacy, 21st-century skills, and the use of information technology, significantly contributes to improving HR quality. The transformation of education—covering technology-based curricula, digital learning methods, and vocational training—has become essential in creating a workforce that is ready to compete in the digital age. The discussion concludes that investment in an education system responsive to technological developments will produce superior and highly competitive human capital. Therefore, collaboration between government, educational institutions, and industry sectors is crucial in creating a relevant and sustainable learning ecosystem.

This study aims to analyze how digital transformation is implemented at SDN 2 Labuhan Lombok to improve services to students and parents, and to identify challenges encountered during the process. Digital transformation, in this context, encompasses changes to the learning system, administration, facilities, and technology-based counseling services. The study used a qualitative approach with data collection techniques including observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results indicate that digital transformation has had a positive impact on communication effectiveness, administrative service efficiency, and parental involvement in the educational process. However, obstacles remain, such as limited infrastructure, low digital literacy, and minimal technology training for teachers and parents. With adequate infrastructure support and strengthening human resource capacity, digital transformation in elementary schools has the potential to sustainably improve the quality of educational services.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of digital learning media in enhancing elementary school students’ learning interest within the context of technological advancement in education. Digital media such as interactive videos, educational animations, and learning applications are increasingly integrated into teaching processes as a response to the demand for more innovative and adaptive education. This research discusses how digital learning media can stimulate students’ intrinsic motivation, strengthen engagement, and create a more enjoyable and contextual learning experience. The findings indicate that digital media holds significant potential to improve the quality of primary education by presenting content in an engaging and easily comprehensible manner. Despite technical challenges such as limited device availability and internet access, conceptually, digital learning media can serve as a strategic solution in reforming teaching methods in the digital age.  

This study aims to analyze the ability of elementary school teachers in compiling digital student learning outcome reports, and to identify the factors that influence it. This study was conducted through a library research method by reviewing various scientific articles, books, and empirical reports related to the use of technology in elementary education. The results of the study indicate that teachers' ability in digital reporting is influenced by age, educational background, teaching experience, and involvement in ICT training. The use of reporting applications such as Microsoft Excel, e-Rapor, and Learning Management System (LMS) is still limited, especially in advanced features that actually greatly support reporting efficiency. The main obstacles faced by teachers include lack of ongoing training, limited infrastructure, administrative burden, and mental attitude towards technology. As an improvement strategy, this study recommends tiered technical training, technical guidance at the school level, strengthening learning communities such as KKG and MGMP, and integration of ICT training in the Continuous Professional Development (PKB) program. This research is expected to be the basis for making policies that are more adaptive to the needs of teachers in the digital era.