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Celebration is part of human emotional expression that is often carried out in various forms, ranging from personal celebrations to collective moments such as the success of a sports team or major religious holidays.This article aims to examine the phenomenon of celebration from the perspective of the hadith of Prophet Muhammad SAW, by reviewing several narrations related to expressions of joy, forms of celebrations, and the Shari'ah limits in their implementation.This study uses a qualitative-descriptive method with a thematic approach to relevant hadiths, both from the nine canonical collections and the commentary books.The study results show that Islam does not prohibit forms of celebration as long as they do not contain elements of sin, violate Sharia norms, or imitate traditions that contradict Islamic teachings.Hadiths show that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) himself did not deny expressions of joy as long as they were done within reasonable and meaningful limits.Therefore, celebrations in Islam are considered a means of expressing legitimate gratitude and happiness, as long as they are conducted in accordance with true Islamic values.

Mathematics plays a crucial role in everyday life, as it enhances students' abilities to absorb lessons more effectively and develop rational, critical, logical, analytical, and systematic thinking. This study employs the literature review method, which involves gathering relevant information from various sources to support the research topic. The author collects references from articles and journals using Google Scholar, an open-access database that simplifies the process of locating topic-specific materials. Difficulties faced by students in learning mathematics are not always due to a lack of mathematical knowledge. They may stem from other issues such as memory problems, difficulty in recalling mathematical problems, weak calculation skills, confusion with operational signs, or reversing numbers. Students with learning disabilities may particularly struggle with both mathematical reasoning and basic computation. Furthermore, mathematical learning difficulties are also associated with cognitive challenges, such as solving complex word problems and understanding numerical concepts. These learning difficulties often result from internal and external factors that hinder the brain’s ability to process, analyze, and retain mathematical information effectively.

Mathematical connection ability is a crucial competence that should be developed from the elementary level, as it helps students understand the interrelationships between mathematical concepts and their applications in daily life. This study aims to analyze the mathematical connection abilities of first-grade elementary school students in learning flat shapes. The research employed a descriptive quantitative method using cognitive and psychomotor assessment instruments. The cognitive test consisted of multiple-choice and essay questions measuring students' ability to recognize, understand, classify, and apply flat shapes. The psychomotor test involved tasks such as assembling flat shapes into meaningful objects and classifying shapes by type. The results showed that students were fairly capable of identifying and grouping flat shapes, but had difficulty explaining classification reasons or relating shapes to real-life objects. The psychomotor results also indicated that fine motor skills and the ability to make real-world connections need improvement. These findings highlight the importance of contextual learning approaches and the use of concrete media to strengthen students’ mathematical connections from an early age.    

Organizational fraud represents a significant global challenge, with estimated annual losses of 5% of revenue, totaling approximately US$4.7 trillion worldwide. This systematic literature review examines whistleblowing effectiveness as a fraud detection mechanism, analyzing the tension between its role as a transparency pillar and the retaliatory risks faced by whistleblowers. The study employed a qualitative Systematic Literature Review methodology, analyzing 25 peer-reviewed articles published between 2020-2025 from SINTA, Scopus, and registered E-ISSN journals. Literature was selected using keywords related to whistleblowing effectiveness, fraud detection, transparency mechanisms, and retaliation risk. Results demonstrate that whistleblowing systems significantly enhance fraud detection and prevention across both public and private sectors, with 24 of 25 reviewed studies confirming positive impacts. Effectiveness is influenced by individual attitudes, perceived behavioral control, organizational commitment, professional commitment, moral reasoning, and organizational culture. The integration of whistleblowing with forensic and investigative audit mechanisms creates a mutually reinforcing fraud detection framework. However, retaliation risk remains a substantial challenge, potentially undermining whistleblowing effectiveness. The study concludes that organizations must develop comprehensive whistleblower protection frameworks, cultivate supportive organizational cultures, ensure transparent report handling processes, and leverage technology to guarantee anonymity. A balanced approach between promoting transparency through whistleblowing and protecting whistleblowers from retaliation is essential for maximizing fraud detection effectiveness. Organizations are advised to integrate whistleblowing into comprehensive anti-fraud strategies with adequate protection mechanisms and whistleblower incentives.

The increasing number of elderly people living in nursing homes is an important concern, given that their psychosocial and spiritual needs are often not optimally met. This study aims to analyze the life satisfaction of elderly people living in Omega Nursing Home in Semarang City. The main reason for this research is to understand in depth how the elderly make meaning of their lives and the satisfaction of life that has passed before, in situations that are often far from family and meaningful activities. This study used a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach, and involved 5 elderly participants selected through purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, then analyzed descriptively through the process of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the level of life satisfaction of the elderly varied greatly and was influenced by past experiences, acceptance of current conditions, expectations for the future, and the views of others. Some seniors showed resignation, regret and loneliness, while others felt comfortable, grateful and retained a zest for life. The main findings suggest that social relationships, spirituality, and communication with family are key determinants in shaping older adults' life satisfaction. This study emphasizes the important role of the nursing home in facilitating activities that build the social and spiritual relationships of the elderly, as well as the need to improve communication between the elderly and their families. The study suggests that elderly services should not only focus on physical needs, but also on psychosocial dimensions and self-actualization, to support the overall well-being of the elderly.

The existence of the slogan “Cleanliness is Part of Faith” which is often echoed by Muslims, but rarely implemented in everyday life encourages the author to conduct this research. The reason is, so that the slogan is not just a jargon, but also a habit that is always done by Muslims wherever and whenever they are, especially for students who live in Kos. This research is Descriptive Qualitative research. Data obtained through interviews via Whatshap chat. The research subjects amounted to 20 students who lived in different boarding houses. The theory that researchers use is Edmund Husserl's Phenomenology Theory. This theory prioritizes social phenomena to raise mutual awareness of something. The results of this study indicate that: 1). Understanding of students who live in Kos towards The understanding of the slogan “Cleanliness is Part of Faith” is good, it's just that the implementation of the slogan in daily life has not been maximized in everyday life has not been maximized. 2). Intention and enthusiasm to become a better person in maintaining environmental cleanliness exists in the students of UIN Raden Mas Said.

This article aims to describe the tajdidunnikah for converts in Tanjunganom Village, Kepil District, Wonosobo Regency, where no previous researchers have discussed the theme. This article is a type of qualitative research, primary data through direct interviews with the perpetrators of tajdidunnikah and local community leaders. Secondary data from literature that is relevant to the research. The research instruments were in the form of observation and interviews, then analyzed inductively and descriptively. The findings show that (1) Tajdidunnikah for converts in Tanjunganom Village, Kepil District, Wonosobo Regency was carried out en masse according to Islam by local Kyai, without the involvement of the local Religious Affairs Office (KUA), because they still have Islamic and state marriage books. In this case, the KUA only married the converts, who when they married were already Buddhists. The background of the community who converted to Islam carrying out tajdidunnikah was solely for reasons of caution (ikhtiath) because they had apostatized within a period of 15 years. What they did was without any coercion from any party but was part of an awareness after they consulted with local religious figures. The Islamic legal view regarding this matter is permissible with the argument that tajdid nikah is an action as a step to create comfort of the heart and ihtiyath (caution) which is ordered in religion after someone leaves Islam. (2) From a positive legal perspective, Law No. 1 of 1974 article 26 paragraph 2 is a written law and is generally binding and enforced through the government. However, in this case it cannot be handled by the KUA as the implementing party for the marriage registrar appointed by the state because they still hold a valid marriage certificate. In other words, there is no legal umbrella that orders the issuance of a new marriage book for a Muslim who changes religion and returns to Islam.

Web-based 4-tier instrument analysis on dynamic electricity material is one of the diagnostic tests that can determine the extent of understanding of the concepts that students have according to the level of confidence of the answers and the reasons they answer. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of the instrument using Rasch Model analysis. Rasch Model analysis is assisted by Winstep software to analyze the scores generated from test instruments with the aim of knowing MNSQ Outfit, ZSTD Outfit, Item Measure, Item fit order, Item reliability, and Alpha Cornbach. This research is a descriptive type with quantitative descriptive research methods. The sample of this study was taken from the population derived from class XII students with a total of 91 people who have learned the concept of dynamic electricity in Jember city with purposive sampling technique. The instrument used was a web-based Four-tier diagnostic test consisting of 30 questions. The Rasch Model analysis results stated that the person reliability values of 0.76 and 0.78 were in the sufficient category, the item reliability values of 0.93 and 0.94 were in the excellent category, and the Cronbach Alpha Alpha (reliability) value of 0.78 was in the good category, indicating that the interaction between respondents and items was in the good category. This shows that the diagnostic test instrument is feasible, valid, and reliable.

This study aims to examine consumers' perceptions of price influence their decision to purchase local coffee brand Kopi Tuku. Price perception is regarded as a key element influencing purchasing decisions, as consumers tend to judge price based on its quality, benefits, and nominal value. This study conducted quantitative research by surveying 395 Kopi Tuku consumers. Validity, reliability, classical assumptions, simple linear regression analysis, and t and F tests were used. The findings indicated that price perception significantly influences purchase decisions, as demonstrated by a computed value of 22.006 that is higher than the t-table and a significance value of 0.000. In addition,the value of 0.552 for the coefficient of determination (R²) indicates that price perception is responsible for 55.2% of the variation in purchasing decisions. The results suggest that in order to increase customer purchasing choices, Kopi Tuku should maintain a pricing strategy that is reasonable, competitive, and aligned with the worth of the available goods.

This article discusses the opinions of Madurese Ulama' regarding Childfree through Family Planning (KB), and its relevance to Women's reproductive rights in Islamic Law adapted to the conditions of society in the modern era. Therefore, this research uses a qualitative method which is studied empirically and theoretically so that it is presented in a descriptive form that is in accordance with contemporary jurisprudence. Meanwhile, the purpose of this research is to find out the opinion of Madurese ulama regarding Childfree through Family Planning, considering that one of the purposes of marriage is to have offspring, several ulama of the Syafi'ie school of thought allow 'azl and express that 'azl is an act that abandons virtue. in carrying out sexual relations, therefore, in implementing Childfree there are several reasons that are permitted and several reasons that are prohibited. However, most Madurese ulama' prohibit Childfree if they decide, not just limit or withhold having children. This research also carried out interview techniques with 10 sources, resulting in different opinions. So in this research conclusions can be drawn about the relevance of the Family Planning Program in Childfree according to the opinion of Madurese Ulama', namely by limiting children.

The difficulties students experience when solving problems that require calculation indicate a need to improve their arithmetic skills. This research aims to describe students' numeracy skills in solving number problems while also identifying the obstacles they encounter in developing these skills. Specifically, this study explores the mathematical numeracy literacy abilities of fourth-grade elementary school students in facing the Minimum Competency Assessment (AKM) questions on number material at one elementary school in Indonesia. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques including AKM numeracy tests, observation, interviews, and documentation. The research findings show that students' mathematical numeracy literacy ability is in the moderate category, with an average achievement of 65.8%. The main difficulties experienced by students include: (1) recognizing mathematical information from contextual problems, (2) performing numerical calculations, (3) interpreting calculation results in the context of real-world problems, and (4) communicating mathematical reasoning in writing. Based on these results, this research recommends strengthening numeracy learning that connects material with everyday life contexts, as well as improving students' mathematical reasoning abilities through problem-based learning approaches, to optimize the mathematical numeracy literacy of elementary school students.

Mathematics is often referred to as a field of knowledge developed through logical reasoning and is considered essential in everyday life, particularly in problem-solving. One effective way to apply problem-solving skills in mathematics education is through the use of word problems. This study aims to explore and analyze the various obstacles students encounter when solving mathematical word problems. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection methods including tests, interviews, and a project involving the construction of a staircase using standard units of length. The subjects of the study were four third-grade elementary school students in Batusangkar who had previously studied standard units of length. The findings reveal that students faced a range of difficulties, such as challenges in understanding the problems, failure to organize solution steps systematically, and limited comprehension of the concept of standard measurement units. Additionally, a lack of interest in learning was found to negatively impact students’ ability to solve word problems. Therefore, conceptual understanding and increased motivation to learn are crucial factors in enhancing students’ mathematical problem-solving abilities.

Mathematics is often referred to as a field of knowledge developed through logical reasoning and is considered essential in everyday life, particularly in problem-solving. One effective way to apply problem-solving skills in mathematics education is through the use of word problems. This study aims to explore and analyze the various obstacles students encounter when solving mathematical word problems. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection methods including tests, interviews, and a project involving the construction of a staircase using standard units of length. The subjects of the study were four third-grade elementary school students in Batusangkar who had previously studied standard units of length. The findings reveal that students faced a range of difficulties, such as challenges in understanding the problems, failure to organize solution steps systematically, and limited comprehension of the concept of standard measurement units. Additionally, a lack of interest in learning was found to negatively impact students’ ability to solve word problems. Therefore, conceptual understanding and increased motivation to learn are crucial factors in enhancing students’ mathematical problem-solving abilities.

Intellectual Property (IP) plays a crucial role in fostering fair business competition. Trademarks as a element of IP serve as distinguishing identifiers that guarantee product quality. In addition, trademarks function as marketing tools in competitive markets and provide protection against bad faith actions by other parties. To obtain legal protection, a trademark must be registered in accordance with statutory requirements. A trademark application may be rejected if these requirements are not fulfilled. A common reason for rejection is the existence of substantial similarity to a previously registered mark or an earlier-filed application for similar goods and/or services. Therefore, clear and consistent standards for determining substantial similarity are essential to ensure legal certainty for applicants.

Poverty is one of the problems in this nation since its founding until now. There are still many poor people in Indonesia who need help. The government has made many efforts to overcome poverty, one of which is by promoting zakat. Zakat is an Islamic solution for the distribution of wealth from the rich to the poor. So it is important to form members of society who like to pay zakat. It is important to provide an understanding to members of society about the importance of zakat in life. For this reason, it is necessary to promote politicization in zakat. Understanding the importance of zakat can be done by using various means in the structure of society.

The behavior of littering in tourist attractions is caused by many factors, such as: (1) Lack of socialization from the government, (2) Insufficient cleanliness facilities around the beach. People litter carelessly because the trash bins are located far away, which makes them dispose of waste around the areas where they sit and relax. (3) A dirty environment. The dirty state of the environment also serves as a reason for people to litter. The Community Service activity of the Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Pelita Bangsa will be conducted online and offline (hybrid), located at the Cifest Culinary Market, Jalan Cibarusah Raya, Sukaresmi, South Cikarang, Bekasi Regency, West Java, and also via Zoom.

The behavior of littering in tourist attractions is caused by many factors, such as: (1) Lack of socialization from the government, (2) Insufficient cleanliness facilities around the beach. People litter carelessly because the trash bins are located far away, which makes them dispose of waste around the areas where they sit and relax. (3) A dirty environment. The dirty state of the environment also serves as a reason for people to litter. The Community Service activity of the Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Pelita Bangsa will be conducted online and offline (hybrid), located at the Cifest Culinary Market, Jalan Cibarusah Raya, Sukaresmi, South Cikarang, Bekasi Regency, West Java, and also via Zoom.

This research concludes that the Income Level (TPP) received by workers at retirement is only 10% of the last salary obtained from the mandatory pension program, a decrease in income of 90% of the last salary. The monthly living cost needs of retirees in retirement (food, monthly shopping, water costs - electricity, internet, lifestyle, health insurance, etc.) obtained data of IDR 5,600,000, - or equivalent to 56% of the last salary per month. So in actual terms, the level of retirement income (TPP) of retirees in Indonesia there is a gap of IDR 4,600,000, - or 46% less than the last salary per month. This condition causes retirees to fail to maintain their standard of living in old age, in addition to experiencing financial problems in retirement. Factors that affect the amount of a person's TPP consist of: 1) type of work, 2) pension program participated in, 3) length of service and salary amount, 4) investment return rate from the pension program, 5) government regulations, 6) macroeconomic factors and inflation, 7) health conditions of retirees, 8) family responsibilities, and 9) pension fund education determine the size of the level of retirement income. Optimizing private pension funds plays an important role in increasing TPP as a guarantee of income in retirement and creating financial independence in old age, in addition to improving quality of life. For this reason, private pension funds must be managed more optimally to achieve significant investment performance, improve pension fund literacy, target formal and informal workers, and diversify adequate products and services through digitalization of pension fund access and services to encourage significant growth in private pension fund participation.

This research examines how conceptual comprehension, mathematical reasoning, and problem solving affect computational thinking. 122 students from class XI SMA Negeri 1 Pematang Siantar were given essay assessments on conceptual comprehension, mathematical reasoning, problem solving, and computational thinking. AMOS version 21 was used to analyze the test using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). This study found that conceptual understanding, mathematical reasoning, and problem solving have a positive and significant effect on computational thinking ability with a contribution of 0.528. This means that 52.8% and 47.2% of computational thinking abilities are built by these three abilities, depending on other variables.

Drivers who frequently experience fictitious orders face significant psychological impacts. Stress and frustration are common reactions when they have to face situations where they have used time and resources to respond to orders that are not taken or canceled without clear reasons. The research methodology used in this study is a qualitative approach with a case study method. The qualitative approach was chosen because it aims to understand in depth the legal impact of combining sales and purchase agreements and debts on fictitious online motorcycle taxi order transactions, especially from the perspective of online motorcycle taxi drivers. The case study method was chosen because it allows researchers to investigate in depth one particular case, namely online gofood drivers in Desa Tengah, Pancur Batu, who experienced financial losses due to fictitious orders. Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that fictitious orders in online motorcycle taxi services, as analyzed in the context of combining sales and purchase agreements and debts according to Islamic jurisprudence, have significant impacts both in terms of law and psychology. Legally, this practice violates the principle of a valid contract according to the fiqh of Al Masyqhul la Yusyghal, because it involves elements of fraud that are detrimental to drivers. Psychologically, drivers experience stress, frustration, and anxiety that have the potential to disrupt their overall well-being.