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The distribution of takjil in Pucang Village, Buduran, Sidoarjo a tradition of sharing food to break the fast is not only viewed as a form of individual worship but also plays a vital role in strengthening social bonds among residents. In addition to fostering brotherhood, the practice of sharing takjil also serves as a means of instilling social values such as empathy, mutual cooperation, and a sense of responsibility toward the surrounding community. In the context of the takjil-sharing activity, social solidarity is key to strengthening bonds of brotherhood. In the social life of Muslim communities in Indonesia, the tradition of sharing takjil during Ramadan is not merely a routine distribution of food for breaking the fast, but a social practice that can strengthen the sense of brotherhood among residents. This study employs the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method, an approach that positions the community as both the subject and an active partner throughout the entire research and community service process. The primary purpose of the iftar-sharing activities during Ramadan is not merely to meet the practical needs of breaking the fast, but also to strengthen social bonds and brotherhood among community members through shared experiences and direct interaction.

This study focuses on the historical dynamics of the Qur’anic revelation process to examine in greater depth the relationship between the gradual nature of the revelation process and the social conditions of Arab society, particularly during the Mecca and Medina periods. The method used in this study is library research, utilizing sources such as scientific journals, books, and articles relevant to the research topic. The findings indicate that revelation was received gradually over 23 years, in accordance with the development of Islamic da’wah and the social dynamics of the time. During the Mecca period, the revelations focused on the teachings of tawhid, creed, and ethics, as Arab society was still in a state of jahiliyyah. In the Medina period, the focus shifted to the rituals of worship and Islamic law as the Islamic community in Medina grew. Furthermore, some verses of the Qur’an were revealed in response to issues within society. This indicates a connection between revelation and the socio-historical context during the process of revelation. A deeper understanding of the process of revelation requires further study, and this research is expected to provide a more profound understanding of the Qur’anic revelation process through a historical approach.

This study aims to comprehensively examine the concept of intention and the recitation of Surah Al-Fatihah in prayer from the perspective of the four imams of the schools of jurisprudence: Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi’i, and Hanbali. The background of this study is based on the existence of differing opinions among scholars, which often cause confusion among the public regarding the correct practice of prayer. The method used is qualitative research in the form of a literature review (library research), through data collection from classical fiqh texts, scientific journals, and other relevant literature. The data analysis technique employs a descriptive-comparative approach to identify the similarities and differences in the views of each school of thought. The results of the study indicate that all schools of thought agree that intention is an act of the heart that constitutes a valid condition for prayer, yet they differ regarding the timing of its performance and its verbalization. Regarding the recitation of Surah Al-Fatihah, the Shafi’i school mandates it as a pillar in every rak’ah, whereas the Hanafi school does not consider it a pillar. The Maliki and Hanbali schools adopt a moderate stance by granting leniency under certain conditions. These differences reflect the richness of Islamic jurisprudence, which is dynamic and flexible. This study is expected to provide a more comprehensive understanding and foster an attitude of tolerance in addressing differences in worship practices.

At MA Al-Mahdi Serang, there are challenges in the form of psychological distance between students and guidance and counseling teachers, as well as the negative influence of peers in the digital era that threaten students' independence and religious character. Islamic peer counseling is an alternative guidance and counseling strategy to support students' psychological needs while strengthening their independence and religious character. This study aims to (1) analyze the implementation of Islamic peer counseling services, (2) determine their influence on student independence, (3) explore their contribution to fostering religious character, and (4) formulate an effective Islamic guidance and counseling service model at MA Al-Mahdi Serang. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study design. The research informants were 13 people consisting of the principal who is also a guidance and counseling teacher, the vice principal for curriculum, subject teachers, and students. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, then analyzed using thematic analysis. The results of the study indicate that: (1) the implementation of Islamic peer counseling is carried out through a peer counselor recruitment process based on the criteria of noble character and communication skills, as well as counseling skills training based on the values ​​of brotherhood and tabayyun; (2) Islamic peer counseling services have a positive influence on student independence, particularly in self-management and decision-making; (3) Islamic peer counseling contributes to the development of religious character through the internalization of the values ​​of honesty, responsibility, discipline in worship, and the culture of tawashau bil haqq; and (4) the formulation of an Islamic peer counseling model based on the values ​​of brotherhood as an adaptive and contextual guidance and counseling service in madrasas.

The Alpha generation is currently facing big challenges in balancing virtual activities and real life, where the high intensity of using devices often shifts priorities for worship, especially during the month of Ramadan. This dependence on digital screens triggers individualistic attitudes and reduces children's levels of religious participation. Therefore, this community service activity aims to increase the capacity of parents and children to implement time management and limit screen time effectively. The method used is a social marketing approach combined with participatory observation techniques, interactive visual promotions, and educational simulation games which were implemented in the Imaduddin Mosque Youth Hall, Medokan Ayu, Surabaya. The results of the activity showed a significant increase in understanding among children and parents regarding the importance of setting time limits for using devices. Generation Alpha children responded positively by enthusiastically setting their own daily priority scale between playing and worshiping without feeling forced. The implications of this activity include long-term changes to the social and spiritual dynamics of residents, the creation of a more harmonious family environment with minimal conflict related to confiscation of devices, as well as the revival of the function of mosques as centers of communal interaction for the younger generation. It is hoped that the independence of citizens in educating children will be able to build the foundation for a future generation that is digitally intelligent, mentally healthy and has a strong religious character.

This study aims to understand the dynamics of self-awareness and transcendental experiences in high school students from the perspective of the psychology of religion. Adolescence is a developmental phase characterized by the search for identity, self-reflection, and increased spiritual awareness. This study used a qualitative approach with phenomenological methods to explore students' subjective experiences related to self-awareness and spiritual experiences. The study participants consisted of two high school students aged 15–18, selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection was conducted through in-depth semi-structured interviews supported by field notes. The data were analyzed using phenomenological analysis through the stages of phenomenological reduction, identification of key statements, grouping themes, and essential descriptions of experiences. The results indicate that spiritual experiences in worship practices foster a sense of closeness to God, encourage self-reflection, help students cope with stress, and foster awareness to improve behavior. These findings suggest that transcendental experiences play a significant role in the development of self-awareness and character formation in adolescents.

This community service activity aims to instill religious values in the students at TPQ Miftakhul Huda by establishing the habit of praying before and after wudu, as an effort to transform worship practices from mere physical routines into profound spiritual experiences. Using the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach, this program is carried out through five main stages: discovery, dream, design, define, and do. The results of the activity indicate that through intensive demonstration and practical guidance, the students experienced significant improvement in discipline, awareness of maintaining purity, and moral responsibility as manifestations of Muslim character from an early age. Integrating prayer into the wudu practice has proven effective as an educational tool in building the foundation of faith from an early age, or the “golden age.” The synergy between the student team, educators, and the utilization of institutional facilities proved effective in establishing operational standards for character education that comprehensively integrate physical, mental, and theological aspects. Thus, the practice of wudu prayer serves as a strategic educational tool in strengthening children’s foundational faith during the golden age amidst the challenges of shifting global values.

The routine prayer recitation activity with teenagers in Jatikalang Village, Krian, Sidoarjo, essentially arose from the need for moral development among teenagers amidst today's increasingly complex and externally influenced lives. Through this activity, it is hoped that teenagers can become closer to religious values ​​without feeling patronized, as the activities are simple and relevant to their daily lives. Furthermore, a sense of community among teenagers is fostered, becoming more than just a form of worship but also a positive gathering space. The implementation itself uses an Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach, emphasizing existing community potential, such as the role of administrators, youth involvement, and available village facilities. The activity is relatively simple, starting with an opening and reciting prayers, rowi Diba' (the prayer of the Prophet), mahalul qiyam (the prayer of the Prophet), and closing with a short sermon (kultum) usually containing light but impactful messages. These activities are beginning to show changes: teenagers are becoming more active, a sense of togetherness is growing, and good habits such as discipline, mutual respect, and responsibility are gradually emerging. Furthermore, this activity serves as an alternative to prevent teenagers from getting caught up in less beneficial activities. There are still challenges, particularly with fluctuating attendance and the strong influence of the external environment. However, if maintained and developed consistently, this activity has great potential to become a platform for social and spiritual development for youth. Overall, this sholawat routine is quite effective in developing religious character and strengthening social ties within the community.

The Amaliyah Ramadhan Program is a religious activity carried out to instill spiritual values ​​while increasing the social awareness of students. This activity serves as a means of character development through various worship and social activities during the month of Ramadan. The implementation of a targeted program is expected to be able to form an attitude of empathy, togetherness, and concern for the surrounding community. This study aims to describe the implementation of the Amaliyah Ramadhan Program in increasing the social awareness of students at Pondok Trensami Kwangsan Sedati, Sidoarjo. The method used is the Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) approach by utilizing the potential and assets owned by the Islamic boarding school community. The stages of the activity include discovery (identifying potential), dream (formulating program expectations), design (planning activities such as tadarus, studies, sharing takjil, and charity), and destiny (program implementation and evaluation). The results of the activity indicate that the Amaliyah Ramadhan Program is able to increase the social awareness of students as demonstrated through active participation in sharing activities, attitudes of mutual assistance, and increased awareness to care for the surrounding community. This program also strengthens the values ​​of togetherness and social responsibility within the Islamic boarding school environment.

The routine prayer recitation activity with teenagers in Jatikalang Village, Krian, Sidoarjo, essentially arose from the need for moral development among teenagers amidst today's increasingly complex and externally influenced lives. Through this activity, it is hoped that teenagers can become closer to religious values ​​without feeling patronized, as the activities are simple and relevant to their daily lives. Furthermore, a sense of community among teenagers is fostered, becoming more than just a form of worship but also a positive gathering space. The implementation itself uses an Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach, emphasizing existing community potential, such as the role of administrators, youth involvement, and available village facilities. The activity is relatively simple, starting with an opening and reciting prayers, rowi Diba' (the prayer of the Prophet), mahalul qiyam (the prayer of the Prophet), and closing with a short sermon (kultum) usually containing light but impactful messages. These activities are beginning to show changes: teenagers are becoming more active, a sense of togetherness is growing, and good habits such as discipline, mutual respect, and responsibility are gradually emerging. Furthermore, this activity serves as an alternative to prevent teenagers from getting caught up in less beneficial activities. There are still challenges, particularly with fluctuating attendance and the strong influence of the external environment. However, if maintained and developed consistently, this activity has great potential to become a platform for social and spiritual development for youth. Overall, this sholawat routine is quite effective in developing religious character and strengthening social ties within the community.

Terrorism is a serious threat to the security and unity of the Indonesian nation. Events such as the suicide bombing at the Medan Police Headquarters in 2019 show that acts of terror are increasingly complex and require swift and appropriate handling. For this reason, the government passed Law Number 5 of 2018 concerning the Eradication of Criminal Acts of Terrorism as a legal basis that strengthens the authority of the apparatus, including the Gegana Detachment of the Indonesian National Police Mobile Brigade Corps (Brimob), in carrying out counter-terrorism operations. This study aims to determine and analyze how the implementation of Law No. 5 of 2018 is carried out by the Gegana Detachment in the North Sumatra Regional Police area, identify obstacles faced in operations, and formulate strategies to increase the effectiveness of the implementation of the law. The results of the study show that the implementation of this law has been implemented through preventive, preemptive, and repressive approaches, such as sterilization of places of worship, social activities "Love Sunday", security patrols, and anti-terror training simulations. However, implementation in the field still faces various obstacles, including limited modern equipment, lack of cross-agency coordination, and low public participation. Therefore, personnel capacity building, infrastructure modernization, and strengthening inter-agency synergy are needed to achieve more effective counterterrorism efforts in North Sumatra.

Terrorism is a serious threat to the security and unity of the Indonesian nation. Events such as the suicide bombing at the Medan Police Headquarters in 2019 show that acts of terror are increasingly complex and require swift and appropriate handling. For this reason, the government passed Law Number 5 of 2018 concerning the Eradication of Criminal Acts of Terrorism as a legal basis that strengthens the authority of the apparatus, including the Gegana Detachment of the Indonesian National Police Mobile Brigade Corps (Brimob), in carrying out counter-terrorism operations. This study aims to determine and analyze how the implementation of Law No. 5 of 2018 is carried out by the Gegana Detachment in the North Sumatra Regional Police area, identify obstacles faced in operations, and formulate strategies to increase the effectiveness of the implementation of the law. The results of the study show that the implementation of this law has been implemented through preventive, preemptive, and repressive approaches, such as sterilization of places of worship, social activities "Love Sunday", security patrols, and anti-terror training simulations. However, implementation in the field still faces various obstacles, including limited modern equipment, lack of cross-agency coordination, and low public participation. Therefore, personnel capacity building, infrastructure modernization, and strengthening inter-agency synergy are needed to achieve more effective counterterrorism efforts in North Sumatra.

Marriage in Islam is not only a civil bond, but also a very strong bond (mitsaqan ghalidzan) to obey Allah's commands and carry it out as worship. The purpose of marriage in Islam is to fulfill religious guidance in order to establish a harmonious, prosperous and happy family, where the relationship between husband and wife is in a strong bond in accordance with the commands of Allah SWT. The purpose of this study is to analyze the legal provisions regarding marriage dispensation, analyze the judge's legal considerations in Decree Number 46 / Pdt.P / 2024 / PA.Lpk., and analyze the implementation of the principle of the best interests of children in determining marriage dispensation at the Lubuk Pakam Religious Court. The research method used is normative juridical legal research with a document study approach to laws and court decisions. Data sources consist of primary data obtained through interviews with judges, clerks, and religious figures, as well as secondary data in the form of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The data analysis technique uses qualitative analysis. The results of the study show that: Legal provisions regarding marriage dispensation are regulated in Article 7 of Law Number 16 of 2019 which sets the minimum age limit for marriage at 19 years for men and women, with exceptions where dispensation can be requested from the Court for urgent reasons. Supreme Court Regulation Number 5 of 2019 regulates the procedure for examining marriage dispensation cases which requires the judge to listen to the child's statement, verify the absence of coercion, and consider the best interests of the child. The judge's legal considerations in Decision Number 46/Pdt.P/2024/PA.Lpk. have fulfilled formal requirements by considering the authority to adjudicate, the applicant's legal standing, the reasons for the request in the form of a very close relationship, the absence of coercion, the absence of obstacles to marriage, and the economic readiness of the prospective husband. The implementation of the principle of the best interests of the child has been carried out through providing advice on the risks of child marriage, listening to the child's opinions, and suggesting marriage postponement, although there are still limitations such as the lack of referrals to psychologists and minimal consideration of continuing education. The conclusion of this study is that the Lubuk Pakam Religious Court has implemented the provisions of marriage dispensation in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. The judge's legal considerations in Decree Number 46/Pdt.P/2024/PA.Lpk have fulfilled the formal and material aspects, however, the implementation of the principle of the best interests of the child still faces challenges from the normative, institutional, and socio-cultural aspects.

This study analyzes the concept of al-Kasb in the view of Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Shaybani and assesses the relationship between this concept and contemporary work ethics. With the changes in the modern economic system, which emphasize efficiency, objective rationality, and the achievement of optimal results, various ethical conflicts in the professional and business world have become more apparent. The methodology applied in this study is a literature review with a descriptive-analytic approach, through the analysis of classical and contemporary texts to explore the theological, ethical, and social aspects contained in the concept of al-Kasb, and then conceptually compare it with the characteristics of modern work ethics. The findings of this study show that al-Kasb is not only understood as an economic activity aimed at accumulating wealth, but also as a normative guide that integrates the goals of worship, ethical responsibility, and social obligations in the production process. Work activities are viewed as an individual responsibility that supports the practice of worship and as a collective responsibility to maintain social-economic welfare and harmony. Therefore, al-Kasb provides an integrative ethical foundation that has the potential to enrich and strengthen current work ethics by emphasizing values of integrity, justice, and social responsibility in the economic aspects of life.

This study aims to analyze the fundamental role of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers in shaping the noble character of students using a qualitative approach through literature review techniques. Data were collected from various scientific sources published between 2020 and 2026 and analyzed using content analysis methods, which included stages of reduction, categorization, and conceptual synthesis. The main focus of this study is to examine how PAI teachers integrate the values of tawhid and worship into the daily behavior of students, so that religious education does not merely remain at the cognitive level but manifests in noble character. The findings indicate that PAI teachers play a strategic role as murabbi, mu’allim, and muaddib, whose success is determined by the integration of pedagogical, professional, social, personality, and spiritual competencies. Amid the dynamic challenges of the digital era, teachers are required to revitalize their roles not only as educators but also as moral exemplars (uswatun hasanah) and agents of character transformation. The synergy between teachers' competencies and consistent exemplification is the key to safeguarding the students' morality and fostering a resilient personality in the school environment.

Production is a fundamental component of economic activity that plays a strategic role in achieving human well-being. From an Islamic economic perspective, production is understood not only as a technical process aimed at creating or increasing the utility value of goods and services, but also as a manifestation of human responsibility as leaders on this earth. Using an Islamic economic interpretation of the verses of the Qur'an and hadith, this study aims to examine the concept of production in depth from an Islamic economic perspective. Using a descriptive-analytical approach, this research technique utilizes a literature review to examine Islamic economic literature and relevant interpretations, in addition to primary sources such as the Qur'an and hadith. The results show that the Qur'an and hadith provide a framework for production that integrates moral, social, and spiritual values ​​into economic activities, utilizes natural resources optimally and sustainably, and produces halal goods and services. Along with material gain, Islamic manufacturing aims to promote social justice, individual well-being, and ecological harmony. Therefore, the concept of production from an Islamic economic perspective makes economic activity a form of worship and a tool for developing well-being that adheres to the principles of Islamic law.

This study aims to analyze the communication process within the Suluk tradition in Kubu Gadang, West Payakumbuh, using Dell Hymes’ Dell Hymes Ethnography of Communication approach. This research employed a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach through observation and in-depth interviews involving five informants and one triangulator, consisting of mursyid, khalifah, and salik. The findings reveal that communication in the Suluk tradition is systematically regulated to maintain participants’ spiritual concentration during the worship process. Communication occurs through verbal forms, such as dzikir, tawajuh, and spiritual instructions delivered by the mursyid, as well as non-verbal symbols, including the use of khalwat isolation tents, tasbih, and stones as counting tools. In addition, strict norms such as limiting speech, eye contact, and social interaction function as important non-verbal communication elements. These communication patterns collectively support the spiritual objectives of Suluk, particularly in strengthening self-discipline, inner focus, and closeness to Allah.

This study examines Marian devotion in the Catholic Church as a form of veneration (dulia) rather than worship (latria), addressing persistent misconceptions that equate Catholic devotional practices with idolatry. The research aims to identify the forms of Marian devotion practiced by Catholics in Indonesia and to analyze the challenges encountered in living out these practices. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) guided by the PRISMA framework. Two hundred articles were initially identified through Google Scholar and screened according to relevance, recency, geographical context, and methodological criteria, resulting in four eligible studies for analysis. The findings reveal four principal forms of devotion: the use of statues as aids to prayer, pilgrimages to Marian sites, Montfort-style Marian consecration, and the rosary emphasizing praise, imitation, and prayer with Mary. These practices deepen faith and lead the faithful closer to Christ without replacing divine worship. Challenges include external religious intolerance toward devotional symbols and limited theological understanding among believers. Therefore, sound catechesis grounded in Scripture and Church Tradition is essential to ensure authentic and balanced Marian devotion.  

This study explores the shift from traditional to modernist educational paradigms in Islamic boarding schools (pesantren), which have been in existence since before Indonesia’s independence. The shift involves adapting learning methods while retaining traditionalist approaches, ensuring that they meet modern needs without eliminating their core values. The study uses a qualitative-phenomenological approach to examine three main areas: (1) the strategy of educational values and spiritual practices employed by pesantren leaders, with an emphasis on the TAQWA method, which aims to improve student understanding quickly; (2) the integration of Qur'an literacy, religious traditions, and environmental empowerment in the educational process; and (3) the impact of this model on student character development. Qur'an literacy in this context extends beyond reading and memorizing verses, focusing on understanding and actualizing its values in daily life. Religious practices such as book study, worship routines, and etiquette coaching promote moral development. Environmental activities, such as agriculture and natural resource management, encourage independence and ecological awareness. This holistic approach can serve as a model for character education, blending spiritual, social, and environmental aspects, while strengthening pesantren's role in fostering moral and ecological awareness.

The community service program conducted by students during the Field Work Practice (PKL) at TPQ Nurul Huda, Riam Mengelai Village, is implemented as a tangible contribution to student guidance, focusing on enhancing religious competence, discipline, and worship skills. This program was motivated by the need to improve the quality of religious education systematically and according to the skill level of each student, making learning more effective and targeted. The objective of this service is to optimize student guidance by improving Quran reading skills, daily prayer memorization, moral development, and active participation in religious activities according to each class’s ability. The implementation method includes initial observation, planning a guidance program based on skill levels, direct teaching and learning, individual and group mentoring, and periodic evaluation. Students are divided into four classes according to their ability: Class 1 for students at IQRA’ levels 1 and 2, Class 2 for IQRA’ 3 and 4, Class 3 for IQRA’ 5 and 6, and Class 4 for students who can read the Quran fluently. Each class receives materials tailored to their level, ranging from introduction to Arabic letters, Quran reading, daily prayer memorization, to moral development and worship practices. This class-based guidance approach allows PKL students to provide focused attention, ensuring optimal learning outcomes. The results show significant improvements in students’ discipline, learning motivation, Quran reading skills, prayer memorization, and moral understanding. Class-based guidance according to skill levels provides each child with an appropriate learning experience, enabling maximal development. PKL students gain practical experience in early childhood religious education, lesson development, and classroom management. This program is expected to serve as a systematic, effective, and sustainable model for student guidance at TPQ Nurul Huda.