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This research is a quantitative research with a quasi-experimental research design. Comparison of the effectiveness between groups of students using the TaRL (Teaching at The Right Level) learning method as a control group and groups of students using the CRT (Culturally Responsive Teaching) learning method as an experimental group on the Mathematics Learning Outcomes of Students IX MIPA 1 and IX MIPA 2 SMAS Mardi Yuana Bogor Regency. The sampling technique was carried out by determining according to the wishes of the researcher, namely students who were already in the class. The instrument used in this study was in the form of a test in the form of pretest and posttest questions to measure student learning outcomes. The instruments tested amounted to 20 questions with an objective or multiple-choice test assessment system which were analyzed using simple regression analysis including the t-test and coefficient of determination. The results of the study showed that there was no significant difference between the group of students using the TARL (teaching at the right level) learning method and the group of students using the CRT (culturally responsive teaching) learning method on mathematics learning outcomes as indicated by t count < t table (1.04 < 2.021) and a significance value of 1.04 > 2.024.

Penelitian ini mengkaji pentingnya keterampilan desain antarmuka pengguna (UI) dan pengalaman pengguna (UX) bagi siswa SMP, SMA, dan SMK dalam menghadapi tuntutan industri digital. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas program pembelajaran Academy Figma dalam meningkatkan kompetensi desain siswa. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, yang meliputi riset pasar dan analisis kebutuhan untuk merancang kurikulum yang sesuai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program ini berhasil meningkatkan pemahaman siswa tentang prinsip dasar desain UI/UX serta keterampilan praktis dalam menggunakan Figma. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa Academy Figma berperan penting dalam menjembatani kesenjangan antara kurikulum pendidikan formal dan kebutuhan industri, serta mempersiapkan siswa dengan keterampilan yang relevan untuk bersaing di pasar kerja global. Program ini diharapkan dapat menjadi model bagi inisiatif pendidikan lainnya dalam bidang desain digital.

Mitigasi bencana merupakan upaya mengurangi risiko dan dampak buruk bencana melalui pembangunan fisik dan peningkatan kesiapsiagaan masyarakat. Tujuan utama program PKM ini adalah untuk mempersiapkan siswa-siswa Sekolah Dasar dari 7 sekolah di pesisir pantai Kota Bandar Lampung agar dapat menyelamatkan diri saat terjadi bencana alam dengan cara memberikan pengetahuan tentang mitigasi bencana dan menyediakan jalur evakuasi yang jelas. Lokasi percontohan untuk sosialisasi dan pelatihan adalah di SDN 1 Sukamaju Teluk Betung Timur. Metode kegiatan PKM ini yaitu Service-Learning yang merupakan pendekatan pembelajaran yang mengintegrasikan kegiatan akademik dengan pengabdian masyarakat. Hasil kegiatan berjalan lancar dan kolaboratif sesuai  rencana, jalur evakuasi, tiitk kumpul dan display-display yang dibutuhkan sudah terpasang di lokasi secara permanen, lalu sosialisasi dan simulasi untuk memastikan penggunaan display dan langkah-langkah evakuasi sudah di jalankan. Kegiatan ini menghasilkan transfer pengetahuan dan keterampilan kepada siswa-siswa Sekolah Dasar melalui display, sosialisasi dan pelatihan, dimana pengetahuan dan kecakapan siswa tentang bencana meningkat menjadi 100%.

Laziness is a behavior that is often experienced by almost everyone, including students. As the next generation of the nation, students should have high enthusiasm in pursuing knowledge. Education is not only limited to the classroom; knowledge can be found anywhere and anytime. Therefore, it is important for students to try to overcome their lazy habits, because laziness can have detrimental effects. For example, if a student is lazy to study, he will lose the opportunity to gain useful knowledge. On the other hand, if the student is diligent in studying and is able to overcome laziness, they will gain broader knowledge and insight. Problems that often arise are the lack of enthusiasm from students in the learning process, non-compliance in completing assignments and taking notes, and the tendency to fall asleep or leave the classroom during the lesson. To overcome this problem, the method of implementing group guidance is carried out in three stages: First, starting with the introduction and delivery of material on the theme of "Learning", which aims to introduce the concept of effective learning and foster student interest. Second, an explanation of the material regarding "Learning Motivation" to encourage students to study hard for a brighter future. Third, the presentation of material on the theme "Why do we have to go to school?" which provides students with an understanding of the importance of education and the reasons to continue learning. Through this group guidance process, it is hoped that it can foster an effective learning spirit and encourage students to participate more actively in learning activities in the classroom.

Effective learning is the primary goal in education, but traditional teaching methods are often considered less engaging for students. This article analyzes the implementation of interactive teaching methods at MTs Muslimat NU Palangka Raya to enhance student participation and motivation. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, and documentation. The results indicate that the interactive method successfully creates a more dynamic learning environment, with students being more active in group discussions and presentations. This method also improved students' understanding of the material and their social skills, such as communication and collaboration. Overall, the interactive teaching method proved effective in enhancing the quality of learning and can be applied to other educational institutions.

The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation of the poster comment method in learning the Qur'an and Hadith in eleventh grade at Madrasah Aliyah Muhammad Basiuni Imran Sambas. Poster comment is one of many learning methods. The implementation of the poster comment method in learning the Qur'an and Hadith is a learning activity that uses the poster comment method, where students are required to express their ideas and thoughts according to the teacher's instructions. For the poster comment method to run smoothly and effectively, planning is required before the implementation process. Finally, the results of the poster comment method implementation in learning the Qur'an and Hadith can be determined whether this poster comment method is suitable for implementation in the classes selected for the study. This study used a qualitative approach. The results showed that the use of the poster comment method resulted in high enthusiasm and active participation in the lesson. Several students presented to the front of the class carrying cardboard with pictures on it. The students who presented were very active in delivering their presentations in learning the Qur'an and Hadith.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran berbasis maze game untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa kelas 10 di MA Darul Ulum Palangka Raya dalam mata pelajaran Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam (SKI). Peneliti menerapkan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan menggunakan model 4D yang mencakup tahap Define, Design, Development, dan Disseminate. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa maze game berbasis platform Wordwall efektif meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa. Media ini setelah di rekapitulasi persentase kevalidan sebesar 81,25% maka dinilai sangat layak oleh ahli materi dan media, serta mampu membuat pembelajaran lebih interaktif, menarik, dan mudah diakses. Penelitian ini juga menggarisbawahi pentingnya penggunaan teknologi dalam proses pembelajaran guna memenuhi kebutuhan dan karakteristik siswa.

Transformasi digital telah mengubah lanskap profesi akuntansi secara mendasar dan berdampak langsung pada dunia pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi pemaknaan mahasiswa akuntansi terhadap transformasi digital serta menganalisis pembentukan kompetensi dan kesiapan kerja mereka dalam perspektif pendidikan. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus, dilaksanakan di Program Studi S1 Akuntansi Universitas Teknologi Surabaya. Informan adalah mahasiswa aktif semester 7 dan 8 yang dipilih melalui purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa telah menyadari urgensi transformasi digital, namun kompetensi digital mereka masih terbentuk lebih banyak dari eksplorasi mandiri dan pengalaman magang dibandingkan pembelajaran formal. Kesiapan kerja mahasiswa belum merata akibat keterbatasan kurikulum berbasis teknologi dan ketimpangan kualitas pengalaman magang.

This study aimed to improve the learning outcomes of sixth-grade students at SD Negeri 59 Pangkalpinang by implementing the Decision Making learning method using map puzzles of Sumatera. The research employed a Classroom Action Research (CAR) methodology, conducted in two cycles, each consisting of two sessions. In the first cycle, the application of this method resulted in a classical completeness rate of 71%, indicating a need for improvement. However, after applying the method in the second cycle, a significant increase was observed, with the completeness rate reaching 87%. Data were collected through learning outcome tests and analyzed descriptively to assess the effectiveness of the method and media used. The findings demonstrate that the Decision Making method, when combined with map puzzles, effectively enhances student learning outcomes, showing notable improvement from the first to the second cycle. This study suggests the use of similar methods in different contexts to further evaluate their success and effectiveness.

Children between the ages of four and six benefit greatly from the moral and motor skills development opportunities presented by kindergarten-level early childhood education programs. The purpose of this research was to determine whether the fine motor-based learning approach used by teachers at Nusa Indah Kindergarten in Bicak Village was successful in enhancing the students' fine motor skills. Using the number wheel and other interactive activities, youngsters may practice their fine motor skills while learning the fundamentals of mathematics. An novel learning medium was developed and evaluated using a Research & Development (R&D) approach. The study also utilized an observational method to analyze the medium's impact. The findings demonstrated that the approach considerably enhanced the fine motor skills, which encompass drawing and writing, of the children. The children's engagement and enthusiasm for learning were both boosted by the game-based activities. These results lend credence to the idea that preschool programs should take a more all-encompassing approach to teaching young children, one that prioritizes not just their cognitive but also their physical and emotional growth. This study adds to the body of knowledge on early childhood education curricula by highlighting the need of including fine motor development activities.

Pendidikan adalah aspek krusial yang harus diperoleh setiap anak di Indonesia. Pendidikan berperan penting dalam menumbuhkan dan mengembangkan potensi mental, moral, dan fisik. Namun, saat ini ada tantangan dalam proses pendidikan, seperti di SMPN 5 Tulungagung, di mana banyak siswa kurang memahami materi jika guru hanya menggunakan metode ceramah. Siswa juga kurang percaya diri dan tidak berpikir kritis. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMPN 5 Tulungagung, Jawa Timur, dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi,wawancara, dan dokumentasi, berfokus pada penerapan metode Problem Based Learning (PBL) dalam pembelajaran PPKN. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan PBL memberikan hasil belajar yang signifikan melalui lima langkah: Mengorientasikan Siswa pada Masalah, Mengorganisasi Siswa untuk Belajar, Membimbing Penyelidikan Siswa, Mengembangkan Solusi, serta Menyajikan dan Mengevaluasi Hasil Karya. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari kelas 7B siswa yang memperoleh nilai Sangat Baik ada 9 siswa, siswa yang mendapat nilai Baik (B) sejumlah 18 siswa, Siswa yang mendapat Cukup (C) sejumlah 6 siswa. Sedangkan pada data yang diperoleh pada kelas 7C menunjukkan bahwa siswa yang mendapat nilai Sangat Baik (A) sejumlah 9 siswa, siswa yang mendapatkan Baik (B) sejumlah 16 siswa, siswa yang mendapat nilai Cukup (C) sejumlah 8 siswa. Kesimpulannya hasil belajar menunjukkan bahwa terbukti nilai dari banyak siswa naik diatas rata-rata dan siswa lebih meningkatkan kepercayaan diri serta dapat memecahkan permasalahan dengan baik.

Pengembangan sikap profesional guru IPA merupakan faktor krusial dalam meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan di Indonesia. Sikap profesional mencakup kompetensi, etika kerja, dan komitmen terhadap profesi. Guru yang profesional mampu menciptakan suasana belajar yang kondusif, berperan sebagai komunikator yang efektif dan fasilitator yang mendukung keterlibatan aktif siswa dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui studi literatur untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi sikap profesional guru IPA, termasuk pendidikan formal, pelatihan berkelanjutan, dan lingkungan sekolah yang mendukung. Selain itu, strategi pengembangan profesionalisme guru, seperti mentorship dan program pelatihan, juga dibahas. Evaluasi diri dan pemberian umpan balik konstruktif merupakan langkah penting dalam meningkatkan kualitas pengajaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dukungan lembaga pendidikan dan kolaborasi antar sekolah berperan signifikan dalam pengembangan sikap profesional guru IPA.

Tahfidz or memorization is pronunciation that is done repeatedly and is a teaching that is done for the first time orally or by memorization. By memorizing you need to use methods to make it easy and fun, such as applying the Ummi method. The ummi method is a practical Qur'an reading method that does not require much explanation and is repeated in learning to read the Qur'an. This method uses tones or songs that can make it easier for students to memorize. SDIT Rabbi Radhiyya is one of the schools that implements tahfidz learning using the ummi method and has been implemented for 1 year and progress has been seen. This research focuses on tahfidz learning in class V of SDIT Rabbi Radhiyya. The problems formulated in this research are (1) How is the implementation of the ummi method at SDIT Rabbi Radhiyya 02 (2) What are the supporting and inhibiting factors in implementing the ummi method at SDIT Rabbi Radhiyya 02. This research aims to determine the implementation of the Ummi method in learning tahfidz at SDIT Rabbi Radhiyya 02 as well as the supporting and inhibiting factors. This research uses a type of field research using a qualitative approach. The data sources obtained came from primary data and secondary data. This research uses data collection techniques, namely observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this research show that the implementation of the ummi method in learning tahfidz uses tones or songs in each lesson, be it tahsin or tahfidz. Preparations can be made in the form of classrooms, dividing groups to take part in this tahfidz learning with a fun implementation. Its implementation uses several steps, namely Opening, Appreciation, Concept Planting, Concept Understanding, Practice/Skills, Assessment/evaluation, and Closing. The evaluation results of student assessments have increased successfully using this method and many students have achieved the targets set by the school. Supporting factors in implementing the Ummi method are having adequate facilities and creativity for teachers, potential students, and families who support learning conditions. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors are the different abilities of students, families who do not support them, and the quality of each student's reading. Keywords: Tahfidz Learning, Ummi Method, SDIT Rabbi Radhiyya 02 

This study aims to improve student learning outcomes on substance density material through the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model with the Six Hats of Thinking method. This type of research uses Classroom Action Research (PTK),  the research sample is 7G grade  students with a total of 32 students of UPT SMP Negeri 1 Gresik for the 2023-2024 academic year. The study was conducted two cycles. Method of data collection through tests. Based on the data obtained, it aims to determine student responses to improved learning outcomes. The data collected at PTK is in the form of quantitative data. The data is in the form of student learning outcomes. To analyze the level of achievement of student learning outcomes after the learning process per cycle by providing an assessment in the form of test questions per end of the cycle. This study brought the results that during the learning process there was an increase in student learning outcomes in cycle 1 reaching a grade average of 80 and cycle 2 showing an average increase of 92. Conclusion when applied PBL model with Six Hats Thinking method student learning outcomes increase.

The Problem-Based Learning (PBL) method is a popular approach in education that allows students to develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills through solving real problems. PBL involves steps such as problem identification, research, and presentation of solutions, with a focus on students learning independently and in small groups. Although PBL is effective in improving student learning outcomes, there are challenges such as the need for teachers who are skilled in guiding students and longer time to solve problems. Characteristics of PBL include student-centered learning, teachers as facilitators, and problems as learning stimuli. The PBL strategy emphasizes the importance of starting learning with problems that are relevant to students' real lives and gives students great responsibility in their own learning process. The research method in this study uses qualitative research methods. The method used is library research.

This community service was carried out by the SLB Global School teacher Jalan H. Agus Salim, Alue Berawa Village, Langsa District, Langsa City.  The problem faced is that learning methods for students with special needs are not yet optimal.  The aim of the research is to optimize the ability of special education teachers to use learning methods for students with special needs. The method used is descriptive with accompanying presentation, discussion and training techniques for participants regarding the importance of learning methods for students with special needs. The results of this research are that teachers can optimize learning methods for students with special needs who are hearing impaired. So that it can foster differentiated, fun and meaningful learning for children with special needs.

This research aims to describe the role of teachers in 21st century learning for elementary school students in the independent curriculum.  In this research, the method used is qualitative descriptive analysis with a library research approach, namely an approach that focuses on literature analysis.  Researchers collect data from various written sources such as books, journals and other references.  Based on the research results, it shows that in 21st century learning teachers have a very important and crucial role in the learning process and development of students' skills based on 4C skills (communication, critical thinking, collaboration and creativity).  It is hoped that 21st century learning for elementary school students through the independent curriculum can develop students' potential and skills to compete with developments that are increasingly developing day by day.  The implementation of the independent curriculum in elementary schools also plays a role in creating empowered students, able to adapt to current developments through a project to strengthen the profile of Pancasila students.  Therefore, it is hoped that there will be collaboration and support from parents, school principals and the government so as to produce a young generation who are intelligent, have character and are ready to face the future. Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana peran guru dalam pembelajaran abad-21 pada siswa sekolah dasar di kurikulum merdeka. Dalam penelitian ini, metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan library research, yaitu pendekatan yang berfokus pada analisis literatur. Peneliti mengumpulkan data dari berbagai sumber tertulis seperti buku, jurnal, dan referensi lainnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam pembelajaran abad-21 guru memiliki peran yang sangat penting dan krusial dalam proses pembelajaran dan pengembangan keterampilan siswa berdasarkan keterampilan 4C (communication, critical thinking, collaboration, dan creativity). Pembelajaran abad-21 pada siswa sekolah dasar melalui kurikulum merdeka diharapkan dapat mengembangkan potensi dan keterampilan siswa untuk bersaing dengan perkembangan zaman yang kian hari makin berkembang. Implementasi kurikulum merdeka di sekolah dasar juga berperan untuk menciptakan siswa yang berdaya, mampu beradaptasi dengan perkembangan zaman melalui projek penguatan profil pelajar Pancasila. Oleh karena itu diharapkan adanya kolaborasi dan dukungan  dari orang tua, kepala sekolah dan pemerintah sehingga menghasilkan generasi muda yang cerdas, berkarakter, dan siap menghadapi masa depan.

Abstract. The Islamic financial industry in Indonesia is experiencing rapid development. Generally, Abstract. factors such as knowledge, needs, abilities, concerns and judgments influence customer decisions in using financial products. However, with the variety of influencing factors, many students and individuals with higher education are not yet interested in saving in Islamic banks. As students, they may have a superior understanding because as students, students continue to review the transformation of the times. As part of the academic world, students are accustomed to the continuous learning process, gaining deeper insights into changes and trends in various fields. This study aims to uncover the views of students and family circles who tend to prefer conventional banks over sharia banks. Likewise, this study is also intended to provide public understanding of bank selection knowledge, so that it can stimulate deeper discussions regarding individual considerations in choosing sharia banks. On the other hand, this study was compiled with the aim of clarifying the importance for students to consider their choices of  sharia banks. This study is intended to explore knowledge about sharia banking and the family environment towards sharia banks. The method applied in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. With data analyzed using a questionnaire filled out by 51 student respondents. The main objective of the study is focused on understanding the knowledge of students and family environment towards sharia banks, a descriptive qualitative approach with the intention of describing and analyzing the causes of a phenomenon. Data collection is carried out through observation and observation to describe the phenomena that occur. The research respondents consisted of 50 students from various campuses. The study revealed that there were variations in perception among students. and family environment, including in terms of gender, student knowledge, and the influence of the family environment on sharia banks. Keywords: Student knowledge, family environment, sharia bank    Abstrak. Industri keuangan Islam di Indonesia sedang mengalami perkembangan. yang cepat. Umumnya, faktor-faktor seperti pengetahuan, kebutuhan, kemampuan, perhatian dan penilaian yang memengaruhi keputusan pelanggan dalam menggunakan produk keuangan. Meskipun begitu, dengan beragamnya faktor yang memengaruhi, banyak mahasiswa dan individu yang memiliki pendidikan tinggi belum tertarik untuk menabung di bank syariah. Sebagai mahasiswa mungkin memiliki pemahaman yang lebih unggul karena sebagai pelajar, mahasiswa terus meninjau transformasi zaman. Sebagai bagian dari dunia akademis, mahasiswa terbiasa dengan proses pembelajaran yang berkelanjutan, memperoleh wawasan yang lebih mendalam tentang perubahan dan tren dalam berbagai bidang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap pandangan mahasiswa dan lingkup keluarga yang cenderung lebih memilih bank konvensional daripada bank syariah. Demikian pula, penelitian ini juga dimaksudkan untuk memberi pengertian masyarakat mengenai pengetahuan pemilihan bank, sehingga dapat merangsang diskusi yang lebih mendalam mengenai pertimbangan individual dalam memilih bank syariah. Disisi lain, penelitian ini disusun dengan tujuan untuk memperjelas pentingnya bagi mahasiswa untuk mempertimbangkan pilihan mereka terhadap bank syariah. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengeksplorasi pengetahuan mengenai perbankan syariah dan lingkungan keluarga terhadap pada bank syariah. Metode yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Dengan data dianalisis menggunakan kuisioner yang diisi oleh 51 responden mahasiswa. Tujuan utama penelitian difokuskan untuk memahami pengetahuan mahasiswa dan lingkungan keluarga terhadap bank syariah, pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan maksud menguraikan dan menganalisis penyebab suatu fenomena. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pengamatan dan observasi untuk mendeskripsikan fenomena yang terjadi. Responden penelitian terdiri dari 50 mahasiswa dari berbagai kampus. Penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa terdapat variasi persepsi di kalangan mahasiswa. dan lingkungan keluarga, termasuk dari segi gender, pengetahuan mahasiswa, dan pengaruh lingkungan keluarga terhadap bank syariah. Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan mahasiswa, lingkungan keluarga, bank Syariah

Tujuan peneltin ini yaitu membahas strategi pendidikan agama Islam berbasis multikultural yang melibatkan pendekatan dan metode yang mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai multikultural ke dalam proses pembelajaran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam artikel ini yaitu studi literatur atau penelitian kepustakaan. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui metode dokumentasi dengan mengumpulkan referensi seperti buku, artikel ilmiah, dan jurnal yang relevan dengan topik yang dipilih. Hasil dan pembahasan artikel ini mengemukakan bahwa kurikulum pendidikan agama Islam yang berbasis multikultural merupakan upaya untuk mengikuti perkembangan zaman dan masyarakat. Kurikulum tersebut tidak hanya berfokus pada isi mata pelajaran, tetapi juga mencakup segala pengalaman yang mempengaruhi pembelajaran dan perkembangan siswa di dalam dan di luar kelas.

Penelitian ini menggali penyelidikan komprehensif mengenai dorongan mencatat melalui analisis kontekstual isi buku teks bahasa. Tujuan utamanya adalah untuk mengeksplorasi cara-cara bernuansa di mana isi buku teks bahasa membentuk dan mempengaruhi perilaku mencatat siswa. Dengan menggunakan metode analisis kontekstual, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membedah dan menjelaskan berbagai strategi, teori, dan praktik pembelajaran yang tertanam dalam isi buku teks bahasa. Melalui pemeriksaan menyeluruh terhadap bahan-bahan ini, penelitian ini berusaha untuk mengungkap mekanisme yang mendasari konten buku teks bahasa merangsang dan mendorong praktik pencatatan yang efektif dan bermakna di kalangan siswa. Dengan memberikan pemahaman yang bernuansa interaksi antara konten buku teks bahasa dan perilaku mencatat, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menawarkan wawasan yang dapat menginformasikan pengembangan materi pembelajaran yang lebih tepat sasaran dan efektif. Pada akhirnya, temuan penelitian ini memiliki potensi untuk berkontribusi pada peningkatan praktik pendidikan dengan memfasilitasi desain bahan ajar yang lebih mendukung dan mempromosikan strategi pencatatan yang efektif di kalangan siswa sekolah menengah pertama