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This research was motivated by the condition of a subject who frequently displayed deviant sexual behaviors at school. The main objective of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the aversive procedure technique in reducing the frequency of sexual behavior deviations in a student with Down syndrome. The subject of this study was a tenth-grade student with Down syndrome at SKh Negeri 01 Kota Serang who exhibited deviant behaviors such as touching private parts of their body in public, hugging classmates without permission, and imitating sexual movements. The method used in this research was an experimental approach with a Single Subject Research (SSR) design of the A-B-A type, consisting of three phases: baseline-1 (A1), intervention (B), and baseline-2 (A2). The aversive procedure technique was applied by giving an unpleasant stimulus every time the deviant behavior appeared, aiming to create a deterrent effect and reduce the frequency of the behavior. The results of the study showed a significant decrease in the frequency of deviant sexual behavior after the intervention. This indicates that the aversive procedure technique is effective in reducing the frequency of deviant sexual behavior in students with down syndrome when implemented in a structured manner and adapted to the individual's psychological condition.

Tax fairness has become a central concern in improving individual taxpayer compliance in Indonesia, particularly amid increasingly complex regulations and declining public trust in fiscal institutions. This study stems from the urgent need to understand how individual taxpayers interpret the notion of tax fairness and how these interpretations shape their willingness to comply. The primary objective is to explore the underlying dimensions of tax fairness procedural, distributive, and interactional and to explain how these dimensions relate to the development of voluntary compliance. Employing an interpretive qualitative approach, this research relies on in-depth interviews with 15 individual taxpayers located in Jakarta, Yogyakarta, and Medan, selected through purposive sampling. The data were examined using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to uncover recurring themes and the subjective experiences shared by participants. Findings reveal that perceptions of procedural and interactional fairness exert the strongest influence on compliance behavior, while distributive fairness is often viewed negatively due to perceived inequality in public benefit allocation and the complexity of tax rules. Trust in government and social morality emerge as critical mediators linking fairness perceptions to voluntary compliance. The study contributes theoretically by integrating Equity Theory, Tax Morale Theory, and the Slippery Slope Framework within the Indonesian cultural context, emphasizing that tax fairness forms the moral foundation of voluntary compliance. Practical implications highlight the need for equitable public services, stronger fiscal transparency, and value-based tax education. Future research is encouraged to adopt mixed-methods designs to provide deeper quantitative insights into the relationship between fairness, trust, and tax compliance across diverse social settings.

This study aims to examine how Generation Z in Sukoharjo Regency makes iPhone purchases based on their impressions of the brand and product quality. Generation Z is known to be highly tech-savvy, analytical, and selective in purchasing goods, especially mobile phones. With rapid technological advancements and intense competition among smartphone brands, it is crucial for companies to understand what aspects influence young consumers' purchasing decisions. We used a quantitative approach based on survey data obtained from 30 individuals who are current iPhone users or are considering purchasing one.The decision to buy is the dependent variable in this study, whereas product quality and brand perception are the independent variables. This data analysis examines whether these two separate factors influence customer purchasing decisions. According to the study, Generation Z purchases iPhones based on brand and product quality. Based on these findings, attracting young consumers as buyers depends on positive brand perceptions and high-quality product offerings. Marketing academics, especially those specializing in consumer behavior, can benefit from the theoretical contributions of this study, while business owners and marketers can use the practical implications of this research to better target Generation Z in the digital age. Gen Z's smartphone purchases are heavily influenced by brand image and quality.

Consumptive behavior refers to the tendency of individuals to purchase goods or services excessively, driven not by need but by the desire for personal satisfaction. University students are particularly vulnerable to such behavior, especially given the ease of access to e-commerce platforms and limitations in personal financial management. Pocket money received and students’ level of financial literacy are key factors shaping their consumption patterns. This study analyzes the effects of e-commerce, pocket money, and financial literacy on the consumptive behavior of undergraduate students in the Development Economics Study Program at Udayana University. A quantitative approach was employed, using a survey of 90 respondents selected through stratified random sampling. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results show that, jointly, e-commerce, pocket money, and financial literacy significantly affect students’ consumptive behavior. Partially, e-commerce and pocket money have positive effects, whereas financial literacy has a negative effect. This indicates that higher financial literacy reduces the tendency toward consumptive behavior.

Globalization is a major phenomenon that brings rapid changes in the mindset, behavior, and culture of society, including students in formal educational settings. This condition presents significant challenges for Islamic Religious Education, which plays a crucial role in shaping character and internalizing Islamic values. This study aims to analyze how globalization influences students’ understanding, attitudes, and practices of Islamic values, as well as how Islamic Religious Education can respond adaptively to these changes. This research employs a qualitative approach using a literature study method that reviews books, scholarly articles, and relevant documents related to globalization, Islamic education, and character formation. Data were analyzed through processes of collection, classification, and interpretation to identify patterns of global influence on Islamic values. The findings reveal that globalization offers two major impacts: opportunities for the development of religious literacy through technological and informational access, and threats in the form of external values such as hedonism, individualism, and decreasing religious sensitivity. These findings highlight the need for educational strategies that balance the use of technology with the reinforcement of Islamic character, including the integration of Islamic values into digital-based learning, strengthening teacher role modeling, and habituating moral behavior within school activities. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of innovation in Islamic Religious Education to maintain the relevance of Islamic values amid the ongoing developments of globalization.

This study aims to explore and evaluate the implementation of the Curriculum of Love as a comprehensive preventive approach to addressing bullying in Senior High Schools. Bullying, defined as repeated negative behaviors intended to harm others through verbal, physical, or social actions, has become a serious problem in schools across Indonesia. Its effects on victims include physical and psychological health issues, reduced self-confidence, and in severe cases, suicidal thoughts. The research uses a literature review method, analyzing various academic sources such as journals and scholarly reports because the topic is closely related to theoretical concepts and theological values. The Curriculum of Love is a humanistic, holistic, and transformative educational model that emphasizes love, empathy, care, and compassion as central to all learning activities. Its core values of love, tolerance, and harmony form the foundation for promoting positive behavior. Findings indicate that this curriculum effectively addresses the complex causes of bullying, including individual, family, and social factors, by systematically instilling these core values. Implementation involves cultivating love for God to strengthen moral responsibility, love for fellow humans to foster respect and empathy, and practical activities such as role play, classroom companion programs, peaceful conflict resolution training, and teacher modeling. The Curriculum of Love creates a safe and supportive school environment and serves as an essential preventive and transformative educational strategy.

This study highlights the importance of understanding the cultural, religious, and social diversity present in every student. Multicultural counseling is viewed as an approach that helps counselors grasp the dynamics of student interactions and identify potential discriminatory behaviors. The discussion covers common forms of discrimination in schools, including stereotypes, identity-based bullying, and social exclusion. The study also emphasizes the strategic role of counselors in providing interventions through individual counseling, group counseling, and preventive programs focused on strengthening empathy and tolerance. The implementation of multicultural counseling programs is presented as a concrete effort to build an inclusive school climate. The findings show that this approach is effective in reducing conflict, increasing cross-cultural awareness, and fostering healthier social relationships among students. This research also highlights the importance of the school counselor's role in creating a safe and inclusive environment. Counselors can conduct needs assessments to identify patterns of discrimination and provide appropriate interventions. In addition, collaboration with teachers, parents, and the school is also needed to create effective prevention programs. This program is expected to have a positive impact on students and create a school culture that is more just and respects differences

This study aims to describe the perspectives of economic actors regarding the importance of money in daily interactions and transactions. Money, as a medium of exchange, not only facilitates the transfer of goods and services but also shapes more efficient and structured economic behavior. In everyday activities, economic actors view money as an instrument that provides value certainty, transactional convenience, and flexibility in managing needs and expenditures. The role of money is also understood as a factor influencing socio-economic relationships, as interactions between individuals are often grounded in transactional processes that require trust and universally accepted exchange values. Furthermore, the development of payment technologies has broadened economic actors’ understanding of money, especially within the context of digitalized transactions. This study illustrates that money is not merely a transactional tool but also a crucial element in shaping the socio-economic dynamics of modern society. The findings are expected to contribute to microeconomic discussions related to how economic actors utilize money as a fundamental instrument in daily economic activities.

Smoking behavior among adolescents in Indonesia remains a serious public health challenge with increasing prevalence. Adolescence is a vulnerable period where psychological factors and the social environment significantly influence the decision to smoke. This study aims to review the factors influencing smoking behavior among adolescents based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) theoretical framework. This study is a literature review that analyzes various research findings related to the determinants of smoking behavior using HBM components. The analysis shows that all dimensions of HBM play a role in shaping smoking behavior. Self-efficacy and perceived susceptibility were found to be the strongest predictors. Although adolescents have a good perceived severity of the dangers of smoking, they are often hindered by high perceived barriers, such as peer pressure and psychological dependence. Consistent cues to action and perceived benefits are proven to encourage prevention and smoking cessation efforts. Adolescent smoking behavior is strongly influenced by individual beliefs in self-ability and health risks. Health interventions should focus on strengthening self-control and managing social influences to reduce the number of adolescent smokers.

The use of electronic cigarettes (vapes) among adolescents continues to increase and has emerged as a significant public health concern influenced by the interaction of individual, social, and environmental factors. This study aims to comprehensively riview the factors influencing adolescent e-cigarette use from the perspective of Social Cognitive Theory. A descriptive-narrative literature review was conducted using empirical national and international studies published between 2015 and 2025 and retrieved from Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases. The synthesis of the literature indicates that adolescent vaping behavior is influenced by social environmental factors, including peer influence and exposure to social media, as well as personal cognitive factors such as knowledge, risk perception, outcome expectations, and self-efficacy. These factors operate thorugh observational learning and reciprocal interactions between individuals, environment, and behavior. This review concludes that Social Cognitive Theory provides a relevant and comprehensive framework for understanding adolescent vaping behavior and offers a foundations for the development of effective health promotion interventions and preventive policies.

The phenomenon of job hopping has become an important concern in the dynamics of modern employment, especially among generations X, Y, and Z. Frequent job changes in a short period are often triggered by various factors, ranging from the pursuit of job satisfaction, the need for flexibility, to the desire to gain broader experience (Arlita & Sari, 2025). The internal socialization activities conducted at PT Borneo Samarinda aim to enhance employees’ understanding of job hopping behavior and its impact on organizational stability and company productivity. These activities are carried out in the form of interactive sharing sessions involving employees across divisions. The socialization materials include the understanding of the job hopping concept, main causes in each generation, negative impacts on the company, and adaptive solutions that can be implemented by management and employees. Results show increased participant awareness regarding the risks of job hopping, particularly related to reduced loyalty, high recruitment costs, and loss of institutional knowledge. Open discussions during the sessions revealed employees’ commitment to be more reflective about their personal careers and loyalty to the company. This socialization is expected to be a preventive step that encourages strengthening the organizational culture and creating a balance between individual satisfaction and corporate sustainability.

This study aims to systematically review the determinants of innovative work behavior in MSMEs in the digital era in Indonesia. The research method uses Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with the design of the PRISMA framework. The data sources used were obtained from various databases of quality scientific publications including emerald, taylor and francis, springerlink, and sciencedirect, with a time range from 2020 to 2025. A total of 15 international scientific articles published in the period were analyzed for further identification of the main trends, main topics, and research directions. The results of the study show that the results of the study show that three main components consist of Innovative Work Behavior Determinants (PKI) in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the modern era: Organizational/Interpersonal Factors, Leadership Factors, and Individual Factors. This Systematic Review serves as a comprehensive summary of evidence that collectively corroborates individual findings, increases confidence in applicable practices, and directs MSME strategies to ensure survival and competitive advantage amid the challenges of the digital age.

Social media represents a significant advancement in information technology that plays an essential role in facilitating communication and social interaction within society. Environmental care behavior reflects individual efforts to support and promote environmental sustainability. This study specifically targets Generation Z and millennials as future generations, emphasizing the importance of instilling environmental awareness and encouraging the maintenance of environmental cleanliness in all settings. Based on these considerations, the Instagram account @pandawaragroup was selected as the independent variable of this study, with a primary focus on environmental care behavior influenced by the content shared on the account. This research aims to examine the extent to which the Instagram account @pandawaragroup affects environmental care behavior. A quantitative research approach was employed, utilizing a random sampling technique by distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents who are followers of the @pandawaragroup Instagram account. Data analysis was conducted using simple linear regression with the assistance of IBM SPSS version 2025. The results of the hypothesis testing indicate that the use of the Instagram account @pandawaragroup has a significant effect on environmental care behavior, with a coefficient of determination of 17%. This finding suggests that the Instagram account @pandawaragroup contributes 17% to shaping environmental care behavior, while the remaining 83% is influenced by other factors beyond the scope of this study.

Premarital sexual behavior among adolescents remains a public health concern influenced by social change, technological development, and social environment. This study aims to analyze factors associated with adolescent premarital sexual behavior based on the Health Belief Model (HBM). A systematic literature review was conducted on eight studies published between 2019 and 2025, including journal articles, undergraduate theses, and a doctoral dissertation. The findings were analyzed by categorizing the results into six HBM components: perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy. The results indicate that perceived susceptibility is the most consistently associated component with adolescent premarital sexual behavior. Perceived severity, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy also show significant associations in several studies, whereas perceived benefits demonstrate the weakest and most inconsistent relationship. Overall, adolescent premarital sexual behavior is shaped by the interaction between risk perception, environmental support, and individual confidence in behavioral control. These findings confirm that the Health Belief Model remains a relevant framework for designing adolescent health promotion and preventive interventions.

In the learning process, there are various important aspects that must be considered, especially by teachers as transmitters of knowledge. The success of learning depends heavily on the teacher's ability to manage the classroom to create a safe, comfortable, and enjoyable learning atmosphere. Therefore, teachers need to choose the right learning method so that learning objectives can be achieved effectively. One method that can be used is Outdoor Learning, which is learning outside the classroom that provides opportunities for students to develop talents and creativity more broadly through direct experience in the open air. Management of the learning environment is also a crucial factor in supporting learning success. Several things that need to be considered include understanding the nature and development of student intelligence, getting to know students individually, utilizing student behavior in organizing learning, and developing critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving skills. In addition, teachers need to create an attractive classroom, utilize the environment as a learning resource, provide constructive feedback, and differentiate between students' physical and mental activities. The learning environment itself consists of indoor and outdoor environments. The indoor environment includes school facilities such as classrooms, libraries, laboratories, and auditoriums. Meanwhile, the outdoor environment includes places outside the school that can be used as learning resources, such as museums, mosques, monuments, and fields. Prospective teachers need to understand the importance of managing the learning environment and understand the various types and benefits of learning environments to support an effective learning process.  

Presently, several micro, little, and medium firms (MSMEs) encounter more intricate difficulties in financial management, particularly concerning efficient capital planning and allocation.  Numerous business proprietors continue to struggle with the effective management of financial resources due to insufficient financial knowledge regarding principles, a lack of confidence in resource management, an unsupportive financial attitude, or reliance on misconceptions about finance.  This study aims to examine the impact of financial knowledge, financial self-efficacy, and financial attitude on the capital budgeting decisions of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Bandar Lampung.  This research employs a quantitative methodology with primary data gathered from 401 respondents chosen via purposive sampling.  Prior to the analysis of the data utilizing multiple linear regression with SPSS software, it underwent testing for validity, reliability, and classical assumptions.  The findings indicated that financial knowledge, financial self-efficacy, and financial attitude exerted a positive and significant impact on capital budgeting decisions, both individually and collectively.  The results affirm that the Theory of Planned Behavior is crucial in elucidating how knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes underpin rational, strategic, and sustainable decision-making for micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs).

This research is motivated by the complex phenomena that occur within modern organizations, where the dynamics of power, influence, and empowerment often determine work behavior and leadership effectiveness. In many organizations, poorly managed internal politics can lead to conflict, injustice, and decreased work motivation, whereas empowerment and ethical leadership can foster a highly competitive and collaborative culture. Based on this reality, the study aims to deeply analyze how the concepts of influencing, empowering, and organizational politics interact and affect the dynamics of work behavior, as well as to identify leadership strategies capable of managing organizational politics positively while creating an effective empowerment system for all members. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method using secondary data obtained through a literature review of various academic sources, scholarly journals, and previous relevant studies. The results show that organizational success largely depends on a leader's ability to balance power and participation, control and freedom, as well as individual and collective interests. The application of leadership strategies grounded in ethics, transparency, and empowerment has been proven to transform organizational politics into a positive force that enhances performance, loyalty, and trust among members. Thus, the integration of influence, empowerment, and organizational politics not only strengthens leadership effectiveness but also creates a productive, fair, and sustainable work environment.

The phenomenon of fashion FOMO (fear of missing out) exerts a significant influence on fashion consumption behavior, particularly among the demographic from late adolescence to young adulthood. The fear of missing trends can lead individuals to make impulsive purchases. In contrast, the Minimalist Wardrobe concept promotes a conscious lifestyle that emphasizes functional and sustainable clothing choices. The objective of this study is to examine the influence of Fashion FoMO on purchasing decisions and to assess the role of a Minimalist Wardrobe as a moderating variable. A quantitative approach was employed, utilizing purposive sampling to collect data through surveys administered to respondents residing in Semarang City. The data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method with SmartPLS software. The results show that Fashion FoMO has a significant and positive influence on purchasing decisions for UNIQLO products. Meanwhile, the Minimalist Wardrobe shows an insignificant effect. These findings suggest that purchasing decisions are more strongly driven by emotional pressure from FoMO than by minimalist lifestyle considerations.

This study aims to examine Ibn Khaldun’s concept of character education and its relevance in shaping the personality of Generation Z in the digital era. The background of this research stems from the growing moral and social challenges faced by young people due to rapid technological advancement and the influence of globalization. This research employs a qualitative method using a library research approach by analyzing Ibn Khaldun’s works and related literature on Islamic character education. The findings reveal that Ibn Khaldun’s perspective on character education emphasizes the balance between ‘ilm (knowledge), adab (morality and ethics), and ‘ashabiyyah (social solidarity) as the foundation for forming a civilized individual. These values are highly relevant to be applied in modern education through teacher role modeling, habituation of positive behavior, and the integration of moral values into the curriculum. The implication of this study highlights that internalizing Ibn Khaldun’s principles of character education can serve as an effective strategy to develop a knowledgeable, ethical, and resilient generation capable of facing contemporary challenges.

This study analyzes the factors leading to academic fraud among accounting students, focusing on the predictive power of the Fraud Hexagon Theory and intellectual intelligence. It also investigates the role of student ethical behavior as a moderating variable. Using a quantitative approach, data was collected from 111 respondents selected through purposive sampling. The data was subsequently analyzed using SPSS version 25. The findings revealed that the Fraud Hexagon model was only partially validated. Three of its six dimensions emerged as significant predictors of academic fraud: rationalization, capability, and opportunity. Conversely, pressure, ego, and collusion showed no significant influence. The study also found no statistical relationship between a student's intellectual intelligence and their tendency to commit fraud. Furthermore, student ethical behavior did not effectively moderate the influence of the significant Fraud Hexagon factors. The study concludes that academic fraud is a complex phenomenon primarily triggered by internal justification, individual capabilities, and external opportunities. The lack of correlation with intellectual intelligence suggests that cognitive ability is not an inherent barrier to dishonest acts. These findings underscore that a strong ethical character is the most powerful safeguard against fraud, highlighting the irreplaceable role of ethics education in fostering academic integrity.