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This study aims to map the trends, integration forms, effectiveness, and contribution of ethnomathematics in elementary school mathematics learning toward national cultural preservation. A systematic literature review (SLR) approach following the PRISMA 2020 protocol was employed. Searches across four academic databases (Scopus, Google Scholar, CrossRef, and Semantic Scholar) yielded 1,176 articles, from which 30 articles met the inclusion criteria. Results indicate that ethnomathematics research in elementary schools has increased significantly during 2023–2026, particularly following the implementation of Kurikulum Merdeka. The three most dominant forms of integration are digital modules and media (53.3%), traditional games (33.3%), and ethnomathematics-based worksheets (13.3%). Geometry and measurement is the most researched mathematics topic (50.0%), and conceptual understanding shows the most significant improvement (40.0%). Beyond improving mathematics achievement, ethnomathematics integration contributes to cultural preservation through cultural contextualization in learning (60.0%), strengthening cultural identity and values (26.7%), and active local cultural preservation (10.0%). The study recommends teacher training, curriculum policy strengthening, cross-sector collaboration, and further research to sustain ethnomathematics implementation in Indonesian elementary schools.

The development of digital media has transformed virtual public spaces into major arenas for shaping public opinion on religious issues, including Islamic law and sharia in Indonesia. Discussions surrounding sharia on social media are frequently accompanied by stigma and misperceptions influenced by media framing, digital algorithms, and identity polarization. This study aims to analyze the construction of stigma toward Islamic law in the digital era, identify forms of sharia misperception in the Indonesian public sphere, and explain factors contributing to the reproduction of such stigma. This research employs a qualitative approach based on an integrative literature review combined with digital media discourse analysis. Data were collected through scientific literature reviews, social media observations, and analysis of digital content related to sharia discourse. The findings reveal that sharia is often associated with violence, anti-democracy, restrictions on women’s rights, and opposition to modernity due to media simplification and emotionally driven digital content. In addition, low levels of religious digital literacy and the prevalence of echo chambers reinforce the spread of stigma toward Islamic law in virtual public spaces. This study emphasizes the importance of strengthening religious digital literacy and promoting moderate and inclusive Islamic narratives in contemporary digital society.

The role of citizenship education is fundamental in internalizing the values of nationalism and ethics within a society. This research is motivated by the increasing challenges of globalization and moral degradation that threaten the national identity of the younger generation. The primary objective of this study is to analyze the strategic role of citizenship education in shaping and strengthening national character within the Indonesian context. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method, utilizing literature reviews and thematic analysis of educational policies and social phenomena. The findings indicate that citizenship education serves as a vital instrument not only for transferring political knowledge but also for fostering civic disposition, including integrity, tolerance, and social responsibility. Furthermore, the integration of local wisdom within the curriculum significantly enhances the effectiveness of character building. The implications of this study suggest that a revitalized citizenship education curriculum, which adapts to digital era challenges, is essential for maintaining social cohesion. Stakeholders in the education sector must prioritize interactive and participatory pedagogical approaches to ensure that national character values are not merely memorized but practiced in daily life, thereby ensuring the long-term sustainability of the nation's democratic values.

This study aims to explore the phenomenon of using a second Instagram account among Generation Z as a strategy for impression management and privacy protection. Amidst the dominance of a culture of show-off and hegemonic aesthetic standards on primary accounts, Generation Z tends to experience aesthetic fatigue and social pressure due to scrutiny from diverse audiences (context collapse). Using Erving Goffman's Dramaturgy theory, this study examines how individuals construct distinct identities on the front stage and back stage. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with five Generation Z informants who have multiple accounts, as well as passive participant observation of their digital activities. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, while data analysis followed the Miles and Huberman model, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results show that the primary account functions as a highly curated front stage to maintain professional and social reputations. Conversely, the second account functions as a back stage that allows Generation Z to engage in emotional catharsis, honest self-disclosure, and identity experimentation through unique names (pseudonyms). The use of a second account is a strategic response to reclaim personal authority over their life narratives from the pressure of algorithms and public judgment. The study concludes that second accounts are not just a technological trend, but rather a self-defense mechanism for Generation Z to maintain authentic space and maintain mental health amidst massive digital transparency.

Inclusive education aims to provide equal learning opportunities for all students, including those with special needs, within regular educational settings. However, mathematics learning in inclusive classrooms remains challenging because mathematical concepts are often abstract and require logical reasoning that may not be easily accessible to learners with diverse cognitive characteristics. Ethnomathematics has emerged as an alternative approach by integrating cultural practices, local wisdom, and students’ daily experiences into mathematics instruction, creating more meaningful and accessible learning environments. This study aims to analyze the development, implementation patterns, opportunities, and research gaps related to ethnomathematics in inclusive mathematics learning. A literature review method was employed by examining scientific publications from 2020–2025 obtained from Google Scholar, Scopus, ERIC, Springer, and ProQuest databases. Data were analyzed through content analysis involving reduction, classification, interpretation, and synthesis. The findings indicate that ethnomathematics has been implemented through cultural artifacts, digital teaching materials, and project-based contextual learning. The approach supports inclusive learning through multi-representational access, instructional adaptations, scaffolding strategies, and collaborative teaching practices aligned with Universal Design for Learning principles. Furthermore, ethnomathematics enhances students’ motivation, conceptual understanding, mathematical literacy, and cultural identity. Nevertheless, studies focusing on disability-specific adaptations and long-term learning outcomes remain limited and require further investigation.

The dissemination of personal data through digital media has increased significantly alongside the growing use of Quick Response (QR) Codes for various purposes, such as electronic tickets, certificates, and digital identities. Conventional QR Codes are open and can be easily scanned, copied, or manipulated by unauthorized parties. The personal data referred to in this study includes sensitive information such as full name, identity number (NIK/National ID), date of birth, address, phone number, and email address. This research proposes a layered security system that combines the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) cryptographic algorithm with steganography using the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) method. The process begins with encrypting personal data using AES, converting the encrypted result into a QR Code, and embedding the QR Code into a digital image using DCT, hiding it in the image’s frequency domain. The digital images used are of fixed size and formats that preserve visual quality. System evaluation is carried out by testing the visual quality of the stego image, the success rate of QR Code extraction, and the integrity of the encrypted data. The results are expected to conceal sensitive information visually while maintaining its confidentiality, with potential applications in electronic ID cards, digital certificates, e-tickets, and other confidential documents.

Golf participation has increasingly become a lifestyle-oriented recreational activity that combines physical exercise, social interaction, and personal identity. However, participation decisions are not only shaped by individual interest, but also by demographic readiness, psychographic orientation, digital promotional exposure, and psychological commitment to the sport. This study aims to examine the influence of demographic factors, psychographic factors, and digital promotion on golf participation decisions in Bandar Lampung, with sport commitment as a mediating variable. A quantitative survey approach was employed using purposive sampling. Data were collected from 287 golf participants through a structured questionnaire measured with a five-point Likert scale. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression and Sobel mediation testing. The findings show that demographic factors, psychographic factors, digital promotion, and sport commitment have positive and significant effects on golf participation decisions. Sport commitment was found to be the strongest predictor and significantly mediated the relationship between demographic factors, psychographic factors, digital promotion, and golf participation decisions. These results indicate that golf participation is influenced not only by access, lifestyle, and digital promotion, but also by the level of commitment developed by participants. This study contributes to sport marketing literature by integrating individual, psychological, and digital factors into one empirical model of golf participation behavior.

The objective of this research is to examine how Minangkabau migrants in Bandung negotiate their cultural identity and how the philosophy "di mana bumi dipijak, di situ langit dijunjung" is implemented in their social adaptation. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with migrant students from West Sumatra at Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, utilizing a qualitative approach and phenomenological method. The study indicates that Minangkabau migrants actively and dynamically negotiate their identity through integration patterns rather than assimilation. Situational strategies are employed; informants gain social acceptance by adopting local linguistic identities and behaviors (Sundanese) in public spaces, while maintaining core values in private spaces. The religious principles of Adat Basandi Syarak, Syarak Basandi Kitabullah, and the communication ethics of Kato Nan Ampek serve as adaptation guidelines that allow for external flexibility, such as in language and daily habits, while preserving fundamental, non-negotiable values. The success of this negotiation is significantly supported by the educational environment and the early internalization of traditional values. This process results in a hybrid identity, enabling migrants to preserve their authentic Minangkabau identity while becoming an integral part of the Bandung community.

The study aims to analyze the role of digital media as a distracting factor affecting the faith loyalty of Catholic adolescents in their relationship with God amid religious pluralism in Indonesia. The development of digital media has transformed how adolescents understand, express, and live out their faith, while simultaneously presenting both opportunities and ambivalent challenges. This research employs a qualitative approach using a library research method, analyzing various theological, sociological sources, and Church documents. The findings indicate that digital media can serve as a broad and participatory space for expressing faith, but it also has the potential to create distractions in three main dimensions: cognitive, affective, and practical. Cognitively, adolescents experience confusion in understanding faith teachings due to the diversity of information available. Affectively, there is a shift in orientation from a relationship with God toward the pursuit of emotional gratification in digital spaces. Practically, there is a decline in engagement in concrete religious practices. Within the context of religious pluralism, this complexity intensifies and influences the formation of adolescents’ faith identity. This study also finds that digital media does not only have negative impacts but also holds positive potential as a means of deepening faith when used critically and reflectively. Therefore, the role of the Church is essential through contextual, dialogical, and integrative pastoral accompaniment combined with critical digital literacy. Through this approach, adolescents are expected to integrate their digital experiences into a more mature, authentic faith life rooted in a deeper relationship with God.

The rapid development of digital technology has significantly transformed the ways in which faith is experienced, particularly in the lives of adolescents. From the perspectives of digital religion and mediatization of religion, digital space is no longer merely a medium, but has become a cultural arena that actively shapes religious practices and meanings. The study aims to analyze these dynamics, especially within the context of Generation Alpha, by examining the opportunities and challenges that emerge in the lived experience of faith in the digital age. The findings indicate that digital environments offer creative, participatory, and contextual opportunities for evangelization, enabling young people to engage actively in constructing their religious experiences. However, this dynamic is inherently ambivalent, as it also risks reducing the meaning of faith to symbolic, instant, and less sacramentally grounded experiences, detached from the communal life of the Church. Furthermore, the formation of religious identity in digital spaces tends to be fluid and performative, potentially leading to superficial relationships and fragmented identities. Therefore, technologically mediated religious experience should be understood as a bridge, rather than a substitute, for authentic faith encounters. The Church is thus called to adopt adaptive and reflective pastoral approaches, positioning media as a means of fostering communio without obscuring the essence of faith. An integrative approach through the synergy of Church, family, and educational institutions is essential to balance digital literacy and spiritual depth, ensuring that adolescent faith continues to grow reflectively and remains rooted in real-life experience.

South Korea presents multidimensional challenges for the Indonesian diaspora, particularly Indonesian migrant workers (PMI), in maintaining their Islamic identity in a secular society with a highly disciplined work culture. This article documents the implementation of the UINSA International Community Engagement (UICE) 2025 program, an initiative that integrates student mobility with community service using the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method to explore the potential and assets of the community at Al-Barokah Mosque, Gimhae, which include individual, social, physical, spiritual, and economic assets. The program implementation focused on empowerment and education through mental strengthening seminars, digital da'wah (podcasts), fiqh studies for women, the establishment of a Quran Education Park (TPQ) for migrant children, and support for the mosque's economic independence (BUMM). The results of the activities show that cross-cultural interaction and this asset-based approach are effective in strengthening Islamic identity, building transnational solidarity, and empowering the PMI community to be more independent and resilient in facing social vulnerability in a minority country.

Culture and traditions in Southwest Maluku contain a wealth of local wisdom that serves as a social glue, one of which is reflected in the use of the greeting Kalwedo. This greeting is not just a mere pleasantry, but has a very strong meaning in presenting the values ​​of brotherhood and local wisdom of the people of Southwest Maluku. This study shows several things, including, this study aims to interpret the antagonistic meaning of the greeting Kalwedo as a symbol of brotherhood by using the hermeneutic approach of Hans-Georg Gadamer. The research method used is qualitative descriptive-analysis. Data analysis was carried out through three hermeneutic movements, namely phenomenology, reconstruction, and dialogue. The results of the study show that Kalwedo contains the meaning of "we are together" or "we are one" which means emphasizing the unity of existence between the greeter and the greeted. Based on Gadamer's perspective, this meaning is formed from the fusion of horizons, namely between the past and the present, where the tradition will remain alive and meaningful in the contemporary context. The Kalwedo greeting serves as a medium for erasing barriers of difference, strengthening bonds of brotherhood, and building awareness of an inclusive collective identity. In conclusion, Kalwedo is a manifestation of wirkungsgeschichte (influential history) that continuously shapes and maintains social harmony amidst the dynamics of community life in Southwest Maluku.

This study aims to describe the representation of adolescent conflicts in the film Jumbo directed by Ryan Adriandhy and to analyze its relevance as teaching material for review text learning in vocational high schools. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach using content analysis. The data consisted of dialogues, scenes, character expressions, plot, and cinematic elements representing adolescent conflicts in the film. Data sources included the film Jumbo, interviews with Indonesian language teachers and eleventh-grade students at SMK PGRI 1 Surakarta, and review text learning documents. Data were collected through observation, documentation, and semi-structured interviews, then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model. Stuart Hall’s representation theory was used as the analytical framework. The findings show that the film represents identity, family, friendship, and social conflicts experienced by adolescents. These conflicts are constructed through dialogues, visuals, character relationships, and plot development. Furthermore, the film is relevant as teaching material for review text learning because it helps students understand story elements, increases learning engagement, and develops analytical, evaluative, and critical thinking skills. However, students still need guidance in distinguishing summaries from evaluations in review texts.

This article examines how business entities construct eco-friendly narratives as strategic persuasive instruments in sustainable product advertising, operating through discursive and ideological mechanisms deliberately managed by corporations. Drawing on Norman Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) framework, which dissects discourse across three analytical dimensions such as text, discursive practice, and social practice, as a lens to expose corporate ideology concealed beneath sustainability claims, this study analyses four eco-friendly product advertisements from international and domestic brands published between 2020 and 2026. Findings reveal that eco-friendly advertising narratives are constructed through three dominant discursive strategies: 1. Naturalization of consumer identity as a morally responsible environmental subject. 2. Reframing of consumption as a form of activism. 3. Linguistic greenwashing that conceals the contradictions of green capitalism behind vague sustainability lexicons. The study argues that business entities actively manage eco-friendly narratives not merely as informative messages, but as ideological apparatuses that strategically discipline consumer subjectivity, reproduce corporate hegemony, and legitimize green capitalism practices within ecological discourse. Implications for environmental communication studies, advertising regulation, and consumer critical literacy are discussed in the concluding section.

This study aims to analyze the dynamics of adolescent love conflict in the film One Fine Day (2018), directed by Asep Kusdinar, through the lens of Sigmund Freud's psychoanalysis. The main focus of the study is the interaction of the three personality structures: the Id, Ego, and Superego, which shape the main characters' decision-making and behavior when facing romantic dilemmas. Using qualitative research methods with A content analysis approach, this study highlights how the characters Mahesa and Alana experience tension between impulsive drives (Id), demands of reality (Ego), and internalized moral norms (Superego). The results of this analysis indicate that the adolescent love conflict in this film is not merely a matter of superficial emotions, but rather a reflection of psychological struggles in the process of searching for identity. The film effectively visualizes how its characters negotiate desires, social rules, and moral principles, ultimately leading to character growth and emotional maturity. This study confirms the relevance of Freud's theory in understanding the psychological complexity of young people, especially as represented through cinema. 

Saparan Tradition is one of the cultural traditions that is still preserved by the people of Dusun Krangkeng. This tradition functions not only as an annual customary ritual but also as a medium for instilling character values in the younger generation. This study aims to describe the forms of preservation of the Saparan Tradition and to identify the character values embedded within it. This research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive research design. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The research subjects included community leaders, traditional leaders, religious leaders, and young people involved in the Saparan Tradition. The results show that the preservation of the Saparan Tradition is carried out through active community involvement in every stage of the activities, from preparation and the main event to the closing ceremony. This tradition embodies strong character values, including harmony, mutual cooperation, religiosity, responsibility, and love for local culture. These values are directly instilled through social practices and the active participation of the younger generation in traditional activities. Thus, the Saparan Tradition plays a strategic role as a means of character education based on local culture, which remains relevant in facing the challenges of modernization. Preserving this tradition is essential to maintaining cultural identity while strengthening the character of the younger generation

This study examines the systemic transformation of Japan’s refugee and immigration policy from 2021 to 2025, exploring how humanitarian paradigms have been superseded by state security considerations. The research aims to analyze how Japan constructs refugees as an existential threat to legitimize its restrictive reception regime, synthesizing Realism and Constructivism to explore the intersection of securitization, national interest, and identity. Methodologically, this paper employs a qualitative interpretive case study by integrating Ruth Wodak’s Discourse-Historical Approach (DHA) and Interpretive Process Tracing (IPT) to examine government texts, policy documents, and parliamentary debates. The findings reveal a profound policy asymmetry driven by intersubjective threat framing and institutionalized topoi (abuse, threat, law and order). Ukrainian displaced persons are positively categorized as evacuees (hinanmin) to align with G7 geopolitics, whereas traditional asylum seekers are pejoratively labeled as "repeated applicants" and framed as threats to public order, social harmony (wa), and ethnic homogeneity (tan’itsu minzoku). This discursive construction successfully legitimizes extraordinary measures within the 2023 amendment of the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act (ICRRA), including the abolition of automatic deportation suspensions and the expansion of a surveillance state via alternative monitoring (kanri sochi). Ultimately, this study demonstrates that international norm compliance is deeply mediated by domestic cultural appropriateness (nihonjinron). It implies the necessity for future ethnographic research on grassroots impacts and suggests transparent asylum evaluation metrics aligned with non-refoulement principles.

This study analyzes the formation of a digital brand community through Persib Bandung fan interactions on social media. The research aims to examine how content distribution, message functions, and engagement patterns contribute to the construction of collective identity and digital rituals among supporters. Using a qualitative-interpretative content analysis supported by quantitative descriptive data, this study analyzes 418 posts published on Persib Bandung's official Instagram, TikTok, Facebook, X/Twitter, and YouTube accounts from November 27 to December 10, 2025. The findings reveal that Persib Bandung generated 29,543,663 total interactions, with Instagram and TikTok emerging as the most affective platforms for engagement. Non-match content (41.4%) and emotional or motivational messages (40.2%) dominate communication. Despite high public engagement, no evidence of two-way talkback from the official account was found, indicating a predominantly one-way communication model. The study concludes that Bobotoh function as a digital brand community characterized by collective identity, digital rituals, loyalty, symbolic ownership, and co-creation of brand meaning through measurable public interactions. This research contributes to the understanding of sports communication and digital brand communities in emerging football markets.

This study aims to analyze the influence of a halal lifestyle on consumer preferences in selecting Sharia-compliant retail products. The study employed a Systematic Literature Review method, reviewing various empirical and conceptual studies published between 2017 and 2025. The analysis focused on the relationship between halal awareness, religiosity, ethical consumption values, and Muslim consumer behavior in making choices about Sharia-compliant retail products and services. The results indicate that a halal lifestyle is viewed not only as a form of compliance with Islamic law but also as a social identity and a modern consumption pattern that influences consumer purchasing decisions. Consumers with high levels of halal awareness and religiosity tend to have a greater preference for Sharia-compliant retail products that guarantee halal certification, quality, transparency, and ethical values ​​in their business processes. Furthermore, trust, Islamic brand image, and marketing strategies based on Islamic values ​​contribute to strengthening consumer loyalty to Sharia-compliant retail. This research provides managerial implications for Sharia-compliant retail businesses to develop innovative, educational, and tailored marketing strategies to meet the halal lifestyle needs of modern Muslims.

This study aims to explain the construction of gender identity in Toni Morrison's novel Beloved through Judith Butler's gender performativity theory. This novel tells the story of the traumatic experience of slavery that shapes racial identity as well as the social issues, power relations, and extreme violence depicted within it. This study explains how Sethe and other female characters in the novel Beloved construct and demonstrate their identities through concrete actions as a form of protest against slavery. Based on Judith Butler's performativity approach, identity is not understood through a fixed biological destiny but rather as a repetition of social practices and norms within society. In the novel Beloved, Black women are represented not as a fixed biological essence but as the result of the application of norms in society. In Beloved, the Black female body is depicted as a source of oppression and a space of resistance. The system of slavery in Beloved not only controls the physical body but also women's subjectivity. Sethe's actions in protecting her child in the novel can be read as an attempt to shake up hegemonic maternal norms. The results of this study indicate that Morrison portrays identity as a political construct and always in the process of becoming. The trauma depicted in the novel is a performative mechanism that shapes the characters' subjectivities. Thus, an analysis of gender performativity in Beloved cannot be separated from the intersectional issues of race, history, slavery, and patriarchal culture.