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Hemorrhoids are dilation and inflammation that occurs in the arterial-venous plexus in the anal canal which functions as a valve to prevent flatus and fluid incontinence. This study aims to determine the characteristics of hemorrhoid patients and their surgery techniques in Lhokseumawe city hospital and North Aceh district. This type of research is descriptive observational with total sampling method and analyzed univariately using statistical software with a total sample of 119 hemorrhoid patients who have met the inclusion criteria. Based on the research, it was found that the incidence of hemorrhoids was dominated by early elderly age, male gender experienced more hemorrhoids, namely 60.5%. the most types of hemorrhoids were internal hemorrhoids 88.2% Most of the degree 3, namely as much as 44.7%. The most widely used surgical technique in hemorrhoid patients is the hemorrhoidectomy technique, totaling 95.8%. Respondents who experienced anemia were 63%. The erythrocyte index picture found is a hypochromic microcytic picture.

Dump truck tires are an important component in the operation of wheel-type units that require routine inspection because they directly affect the availability and performance of the transport equipment. In the OHT 777 type unit, six tires are used with a configuration of two tires in the front and four tires in the rear. This study aims to evaluate tire performance through the analysis of Key Performance Indicator (KPI) parameters, namely Ton Kilometer Per Hour (TKPH), Tread Utilization Rate (TUR), and tire life (lifetime), in order to assess the achievement of performance targets. The research method uses a quantitative approach with actual data collection in the field, including the preparation stages, primary and secondary data collection, data processing, and preparation of the final report. The data is processed to obtain the tire KPI value. The results of the analysis show that the TUR value for MICHELIN brand tires is 68.9% and BRIDGESTONE is 70.7%, still below the company's target of 85%. The TKPH value for the OHT 773 unit is 149 (with a TKPH rating of 207) and the 777 unit is 241 (with a TKPH rating of 514). The actual lifetime of BRIDGESTONE tires was recorded at 1,698.6 hm and MICHELIN at 2,268 hm, far below the target of 8,500 hm. Tire damage found included impact (23%), sidewall damage (18%), run flat (18%), bread damage (18%), sounder cut (14%), and foreign object puncture (9%). This evaluation is expected to be the basis for improving tire management, so that tire performance in the future can be more optimal and support the smooth operation of the unit.  

This research aims to determine the implementation of the Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) learning model and the influence of the Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) learning model on the concept understanding ability of class II MI Miftahul Huda students in the 2024/2025 academic year. The method used in this research is an experimental method with a quasi-experimental type. The design in this research is a nonequivalent control group design. This research design involved two classes, the experimental class, namely class II A using the missouri mathematics project learning model and control class II C using the conventional learning model. Data collection techniques use the results of concept understanding tests. Based on the results of research on the Independent Sample T-test which shows that the significance (2-tailed) is 0.000 < 0.05, which means less than 0.05, so H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, which means there is an influence of the missouri mathematics project learning model on understanding ability. MI Miftahul Huda class II flat shape concept.    

This research aims to determine the implementation of the Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) learning model and the influence of the Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) learning model on the concept understanding ability of class II MI Miftahul Huda students in the 2024/2025 academic year. The method used in this research is an experimental method with a quasi-experimental type. The design in this research is a nonequivalent control group design. This research design involved two classes, the experimental class, namely class II A using the missouri mathematics project learning model and control class II C using the conventional learning model. Data collection techniques use the results of concept understanding tests. Based on the results of research on the Independent Sample T-test which shows that the significance (2-tailed) is 0.000 < 0.05, which means less than 0.05, so H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, which means there is an influence of the missouri mathematics project learning model on understanding ability. MI Miftahul Huda class II flat shape concept.    

This study aims to describe and analyze: Public Service Bureaucratic Reform and the factors that support and hinder Public Service Bureaucratic Reform at the Office of the Special Class 1 Immigration Checkpoint for the City of Surabaya. The research method to be used is qualitative descriptive. Data Collection Techniques include: Interviews, Observations, Documentation. The research informant is the Head of the Suarabaya Special Class I Immigration Office. The data analysis technique using interactive model analysis was developed by Miles et al., (2014), namely data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of the study show that in the institutional aspect in accordance with Law Number 6 of 2011 concerning immigration, the institutional arrangement at the Immigration Office is divided into several parts according to their duties and functions. The current posture of organization is relatively slimmer and flat (not very hierarchical). In the resource aspect, human resource improvement is also carried out through the internal office, namely through performance evaluation meetings. In terms of governance, organizational units/work units within the Surabaya Special Class I Immigration Office currently have and implement systems, procedures, and work mechanisms, as well as service standards that are more standard, clear, efficient, and effective, supported by the optimal use of adequate information and communication technology. Supporting Factors for Bureaucratic Reform at the Special Class I Immigration Office in Surabaya are Productive Apparatus, Representative Policies, and Employee Capacity Building. The inhibiting factor is that there is still a practice of brokerage.

The Clash of Champions educational competition program by Ruangguru not only offered academic challenges but also provided a high level of verbal interaction, particularly in the use of expressive speech. This study aims to analyze the use of expressive speech in the program, focusing on episodes one to five. Expressive speech refers to utterances that convey the speaker's emotions, such as praise, gratitude, or apologies. The method used in this study is qualitative descriptive, utilizing a data-collection technique based on assent with a derivative of participant observation. Data analysis is conducted using the pragmatic method to identify the types of expressive speech present. The study also used pragmatic approaches to describe the speech of others as well as that of expressive speech. The study indicates that there are eight types of expressive speech, including acts of flattery, praise, gratitude, belittlement, guilt, complaint, and apology. Flattering speech is found to be the most dominant, providing emotional support for the competition participants. It is hoped that this study will contribute to a better understanding of language use in educational and competitive contexts, fostering a positive and supportive atmosphere in the learning process.

This study aims to explore the sustainability of Rumah Susun Sederhana Milik (Rusunami) as a viable housing solution for Low-Income Communities (MBR) in Surabaya. The study adopts a qualitative approach using a case study method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with residents, management representatives, and local government officials, as well as through field observations. Data analysis was conducted based on the indicators of the Adequate Housing Framework by UN-Habitat, which include secure tenure, affordability, habitability, accessibility, location, and the availability of basic services. The findings reveal that Rusunami is capable of providing affordable housing for MBR with a permanent ownership system, despite facing major challenges such as administrative barriers and low financial literacy. The program has proven to contribute to improving the quality of life of residents and reducing socio-economic inequalities. To ensure long-term sustainability, strategic measures are needed, such as simplifying administrative procedures and enhancing the financial literacy of the community. Development recommendations include improving the administrative system to ensure the program can be accessed by a larger number of MBR optimally.

One of the areas of mathematics that studies the concept of flat and spatial shapes is geometry. Thus, in elementary school, geometry concepts are taught gradually in concrete, semi-concrete, and abstract forms. The research method using literature review. The results show that there are many reasons why many students in elementary school face difficulties in learning geometry materials. Therefore, this study will investigate the various reasons why students face difficulties in learning geometry materials.    

This research aims to describe and compare the morphological characteristics of spores in Thallophyta (lichens) and Bryophyta (mosses). The research was conducted at the Biology Laboratory of UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung for one week. This study employed a descriptive method with macroscopic and microscopic observations. Samples of lichens and mosses were analyzed using a light microscope. The results showed that Thallophyta spores have asymmetrical morphology, are pale green, have a count of 15 spores, and are adaptive to extreme conditions. In contrast, Bryophyta spores are round and flat, with a reddish-brown capsule, and a larger number of spores, namely 67. These differences reflect the unique adaptation strategies of the two groups to their respective environments. Lichens, which are a symbiosis between fungi and algae, serve as indicators of environmental quality and grow on various substrates, including polluted areas. Meanwhile, mosses play an important role in maintaining soil moisture, preventing erosion, and supporting water and carbon cycles.

Drought is a hydrometeorological disaster that significantly affects water availability and agricultural activities. Pesisir Selatan Regency has diverse topographic conditions that influence the level of vulnerability to drought, thereby requiring a comprehensive spatial analysis. This study aims to map drought risk by integrating slope steepness with other biophysical parameters using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The data employed include slope maps derived from DEMNAS, rainfall data (CHIRPS 2024), soil types, land use, and river networks. The analysis was conducted through scoring and overlay methods to produce a drought risk map. The results indicate that areas with very steep slopes (>45%) have a high level of vulnerability due to surface runoff dominance and low infiltration capacity, particularly in Bayang Utara District. In contrast, flat to gently sloping areas dominated by rice fields and forest cover are relatively low-risk. Overall, drought risk in the region is classified into three categories: low, medium, and high. The resulting maps can serve as a basis for local governments in developing spatial planning policies, water conservation infrastructure, and disaster mitigation strategies that are more adaptive and sustainable.

Exploration of ethnomathematics in the context of flat geometry, especially triangles, in traditional Batak Toba clothing, is an interesting and important study. This study aims to reveal the relationship between mathematical concepts and local culture, and how geometric elements can be found in the design of Sortopi traditional clothing. This research method uses a qualitative approach with data sources, namely library studies, from several literature reviews according to the topic and purpose of the study. The results of the study show that Sortopi is a complement to traditional Batak clothing used by men as a crown or headband. The shape of Sortopi contains elements of isosceles triangle flat geometry, thus showing that cultural elements are inseparable from mathematics.

Hair stylists in using curly iron are still not varied, students still use flat iron rather than curly iron for hair styling. The purpose of this research is to determine the comparison of the results and curl durability of curls using a 25 mm diameter curling iron and a 38 mm diameter curly iron for Hollywood Wave wavy hair styling. This research uses pre-experimental research methods. The sample in this research was 6 Cosmetology and Beauty students class of 2020. Data collection techniques using observation and documentation. The data analysis techniques uses descriptive analysis, prerequisite tests, namely normality tests and homogeneity tests, and hypothesis tests. The results of research from the comparison of Hollywood Wave wavy hair styling showed that the results of the curl shape using 25 mm and 38 mm diameter curly iron were considered quite neat, and from the aspect of curl durability or hair waves were considered resistand using a 25 mm diameter curly iron. And there is a significant difference in Hollywood Wave wavy hair styling using a 25 mm diameter curly iron with a 38 mm  diameter which is proven by the significance value obtained of 0,000. This research can be used as education abaout the use of curling tools with different diameters, and it is recommended to use a 25 mm diameter curly iron for styling Hollywood Wave hair because the waves are more “S” shaped.

This research was carried out with the aim of improving students' leadership skills through the Learning Together model with material on the perimeter and area of flat figures for class IV. This research uses classroom action research carried out at SD Negeri 1 Pohkumbang. The subjects of this research were all 20 grade IV students at SD Negeri 1 Pohkumbang. The instruments used are observation, interviews, tests and documentation. Data analysis techniques are carried out using qualitative methods in the form of descriptive and quantitative methods of presenting data and drawing conclusions. The results of the research show that the skills in implementing the Learning Together model can improve students' leadership skills with the percentage results for cycle I 35% and cycle II 85% which are categorized as good.    

The current administration system for apartment buildings in Pontianak city still relies on manual data recording methods, which tend to cause various recording errors such as delays in data processing, incorrect data entry, and difficulties in accessing information. This condition has an impact on suboptimal service to apartment residents. As an alternative to address this problem, it is proposed to develop a web-based information system that can digitize data from various business processes in apartment management. This system is designed using the Laravel framework, a popular framework for web application development. The stages in this community service include in-depth analysis of system requirements that are suitable for the conditions of apartment buildings in Pontianak city, designing a user-friendly and efficient system, building the system based on the design that has been created from manual form recording, and conducting training for apartment managers to be able to operate the system well. This technology transfer has a positive impact on the change in the administration model and it is expected to create more effective and efficient apartment management and is easily accessible because it is online. Some other benefits that occur include increased accuracy of resident data, ease of accessing information, data transparency, and improved service quality for residents

The policy of ownership of the right to the flats is an important aspect in the arrangement of vertical housing in Indonesia, especially in dense urban areas such as Kampung Utama Batam City. The background of this research focuses on the complexity of ownership dualism between individual property rights over units and collective rights to common parts, common objects, and common land. Conflicts of interest and management problems often arise, hindering the optimal implementation of policies. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of government policies on ownership of rights to apartment units in Kampung Utama Batam City, identify existing obstacles, and provide recommendations for improvement. The research method used is a normative juridical approach with case studies. Data was collected through analysis of legal documents, interviews with stakeholders, and field observations. The analysis was carried out using positive legal theory from John Austin to understand the existing legal framework, legal system theory from Lawrence M. Friedman to evaluate the interaction between legal structure, substance, and culture, and legal certainty theory from Sudikno Mertokusumo to assess the clarity and predictability of applicable laws. The results of the study show that although the policy has been well drafted in Law No. 20 of 2011 concerning Flats, its implementation in the field still faces various obstacles. Dualism of ownership, unclear certificate status, complex administrative procedures, and lack of legal socialization are some of the main problems found. Strengthening the role of the Flats Owners and Occupants Association (P3SRS), the use of digital technology for administrative procedures, and increased supervision and law enforcement were identified as solutions to overcome these obstacles. The suggestions provided include increased coordination between related agencies, active community participation in the management of flats, and simplification of administrative procedures by the government. More effective implementation is expected to provide better legal certainty and create a harmonious residential environment in Kampung Utama Batam City.

Disciplinary character is an attitude and feeling of being obedient and obedient to values ​​that are believed to be one's responsibility. Therefore, teachers try to develop students' disciplined character, one of which is by applying the role-playing method. This research aims to develop students' disciplined character through role-playing methods on Pancasila values. This researcher uses a qualitative method with the Classroom Action Research (PTK) type, which consists of 2 cycles and each cycle has 2 meetings. The data collection techniques are through observation, interviews and documentation. The research results obtained from the application of the role playing method in PPKN subjects on Pancasila values ​​for teachers in cycle I increased from 75.5% to cycle II 88.75%. The application of the role playing method in PPKN subjects regarding Pancasila values ​​to students in cycle I was 67.5% and cycle II was 93.75%. Meanwhile, student learning outcomes in the mathematics subject material flat shapes after implementing the picture and picture model increased with the average score in cycle I being 65% and cycle II being 85%.

Disciplinary character is an attitude and feeling of being obedient and obedient to values ​​that are believed to be one's responsibility. Therefore, teachers try to develop students' disciplined character, one of which is by applying the role-playing method. This research aims to develop students' disciplined character through role-playing methods on Pancasila values. This researcher uses a qualitative method with the Classroom Action Research (PTK) type, which consists of 2 cycles and each cycle has 2 meetings. The data collection techniques are through observation, interviews and documentation. The research results obtained from the application of the role playing method in PPKN subjects on Pancasila values ​​for teachers in cycle I increased from 75.5% to cycle II 88.75%. The application of the role playing method in PPKN subjects regarding Pancasila values ​​to students in cycle I was 67.5% and cycle II was 93.75%. Meanwhile, student learning outcomes in the mathematics subject material flat shapes after implementing the picture and picture model increased with the average score in cycle I being 65% and cycle II being 85%.

This study aims to analyze the potential for social conflict in the development of Sadangserang Flats in Bandung City through a sustainable planning perspective. The research method uses a case study with data collection through in-depth interviews and source triangulation. The results of the study indicate that the potential for conflict arises from three main sources, namely changes in land use, inequality in the provision of residential units, and unclear land ownership status. Changes in the function of the Sadangserang Market and Sadangserang Terminal risk triggering rejection from traders and drivers. The imbalance of commercial units and subsidies can cause access conflicts for low-income groups. Uncertainty in land ownership status is also prone to disputes. Therefore, a sustainable planning strategy is needed that involves public participation, socio-economic surveys, and clarification of land status. Thus, it is hoped that Sadangserang Flats can provide optimal contribution to the provision of harmonious and equitable housing in Bandung City.

The purpose of this study was to determine the significant effect of the Contextual Teaching and Learning model on the learning outcomes of class IV students at SDN Murtajih 1 in the mathematic subject area of flat shapes. This study uses quantitative methods with a Pre-Experimental Design and One Group Pretest-Posttest Design model. The sample was 23 students using the Total Sampling technique. Data collection used test instruments for student cognitive learning outcomes and teacher activity observation sheets. Based on the paired simple t-test, tcount 15.495 > ttable 2.073 shows that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted or there is a significant effect of the Contextual Teaching and Learning model on the learning outcomes of class IV students at SDN Murtajih 1 in the Mathematic subject area of flat shapes. Based on the N-Gain test, the influence of the effect was 61.52%. The application of the Contextual Teaching And Learning model in mathematics learning about the area of flat shapes in class IV at SDN Murtajih 1 took place over 2 meetings with a duration of 70 minutes for each meeting and was carried out very well with an average implementation percentage of 100%.

Coffee is a plantation crop that has long been planted and cultivated in Lombok. Senaru Village, Bayan District, North Lombok Regency is the largest robusta coffee producing area in Lombok with 225 hectares of coffee land. One of the coffee processing places in Senaru Village is the producer of Ayah Senaru Fermented Coffee which still uses the dry sun method with a tool called a widik. This drying method has many disadvantages because it takes a long time, is very dependent on the weather and is unhygienic. The process of drying coffee is the main factor that can determine the quality of coffee, which is why there is a need for technology as a coffee drying medium that is capable of producing quality coffee. Handling after harvest can be improved by applying modern coffee drying technology, namely greenhouses. The aim of this activity is to increase partner profits through an IoT integrated coffee drying greenhouse (GEEOTI) which is able to streamline coffee drying time and produce hygienic coffee skin waste. The method applied is the creation of GEEOTI, socialization of its use and analysis of the impact on increasing partner profits. The results of the research are that greenhouses can have a positive effect in speeding up, flattening the drying process and improving the quality of coffee compared to conventional methods. The waste from the coffee skins produced also becomes more hygienic coffee waste so it can be used as cascara tea. This activity can certainly increase partner profits by up to 100%. The partner's income, which was initially only IDR 5,100,000, was able to become IDR 13,950,000 per month because with the use of GEEOTI there was an increase in the price of coffee and the addition of a by-product in the form of cascara tea from coffee skin waste.