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Mathematics is a universal science that underlies the development of modern science and technology, and has an important role in the development of human thinking. Mathematics is a subject that is based on logical, rational, critical, and systematic thinking patterns. Religion and rationality are two perspectives that have a strong influence. Humans view religious values ​​and rational values ​​as different entities, causing a dichotomy paradigm, especially in the realm of education. In the perspective of the epistemology of science in Islam, Islam and science are complementary and interdependent entities. The mathematical approach used here does not mean that Islamic values ​​are low, but only to increase the belief of Muslims that all knowledge is valuable and can lead to true goodness and increase faith and closeness to Allah SWT.To examine how Islamic values ​​are applied in mathematics learning, To identify and develop effective strategies or methods in integrating Islamic values ​​in mathematics learning materials, To measure the extent of the application of Islamic values ​​in mathematics learning.This study uses a qualitative approach, while the type of research used by the researcher is descriptive research.Mathematics as a logical and systematic science, has a meeting point with Islamic teachings that emphasize truth, justice, and balance. For example, the concept of monotheism can be associated with the order of the universe expressed through mathematical formulas, fostering a sense of gratitude and obedience. The implementation of Islamic values ​​that are rahmatan lil 'alamin (blessing for all nature) in mathematics learning, especially to form honest and fair characters in students.

The purpose of this study is to reveal the character education values of the superstar Cristiano Ronaldo, which have not been studied in depth before. The character research was selected with literature sources, and analyzed qualitatively. The discussion and analysis resulted in findings that Cristiano Ronaldo has several superior characters, namely: religious, honest, competitive, self-confident, professional, high work ethic, disciplined, love for the country, appreciate achievement, communicative, care for the environment, care for society, and responsibility. These character values make him a superstar who stands out both on and off the field. His religious devotion, honesty, and sense of responsibility reflect strong moral foundations, setting him as a role model for aspiring athletes and individuals seeking success. Ronaldo's competitive spirit and high self-confidence have helped him achieve excellence on the field, while his professional attitude and exceptional work ethic highlight the importance of dedication and perseverance in achieving success. Furthermore, his discipline in training and love for his country portray a deep commitment not only to his career but also to his community and country. Additionally, Ronaldo's appreciation for achievement, communicative nature, and care for the environment demonstrate that his character extends beyond personal success, as he values teamwork and the well-being of others. His contribution to various charitable causes and societal issues further establishes his role as a responsible individual who uses his fame and fortune for the betterment of society. These character values make him an ideal role model, both in the world of sports and in broader society. We recommend Cristiano Ronaldo's character values as a role model for those who hope for a successful career, and inspiration for the practice of Islamic education values, as they encompass integrity, hard work, and social responsibility.

The Golek Gonjing Miring Dance is one of the classical dance works created by Dona Dhian Ginanjar in 2019. This work is interesting to study because it combines two classical Javanese dance styles, namely the soft and feminine Surakarta style and the firm and masculine Yogyakarta style, as a symbol of the duality of women's nature. The theme of this dance tells the story of the angels who came down from heaven to have fun on earth, which is visualized through smooth and expressive choreography with a variety of traditional movements. The accompanying music uses Gendhing Ladrang Gonjing Miring Laras Pelog Nem, which supports the mystical and graceful atmosphere in the performance. Supporting aspects such as make-up, costume design, stage design, and lighting design also strengthen the delivery of artistic and symbolic meaning in this work. This study aims to describe the choreographic form of the Golek Gonjing Miring Dance, musical structure, and supporting visual elements that form an aesthetic unity in the performance. The results of the study show that the Golek Gonjing Miring Dance is not only a medium for preserving Javanese classical dance culture, but also a form of innovation that represents female characters in a more complex way.

This study aims to analyze the legal responsibilities of e-sports teams regarding the fulfillment of wage rights and the forms of legal protection for professional athletes based on applicable laws and regulations in Indonesia. As the e-sports industry develops as part of the digital and creative economy, the issue of employment relations between e-sports teams (as employers) and athletes (as professional workers) has become an important issue that requires in-depth study from a legal perspective. This study uses a normative legal method with a statutory approach. This approach is used to analyze positive legal norms that regulate the rights and obligations in employment relations and the legal protection mechanisms available to e-sports athletes. This research is prescriptive in nature, meaning it not only describes the applicable legal conditions but also provides recommendations for improvements. The legal material collection technique was carried out through a literature study that included relevant laws and regulations, books, scientific journals, and court decisions. The results of the study indicate that e-sports teams, which can legally be in the form of business entities or corporations, have a legal obligation to pay athletes' wage rights in a timely and full manner as stated in the employment contract. If there are delays or deductions in wages without legal basis, e-sports teams can be held liable under civil, criminal, and administrative laws. Furthermore, legal protection for athletes as workers still faces various challenges, particularly related to weak oversight by relevant authorities and low levels of legal awareness among both team management and athletes themselves. To address this, concrete steps are needed in the form of strengthening law enforcement mechanisms, increasing legal education for e-sports industry players, and developing labor protection policies specifically for e-sports. This way, the rights of professional athletes can be guaranteed fairly and proportionally.

This study examines social ecology from the perspective of hadith science (‘ulum al-hadith), with the aim of exploring the environmental and social values contained in prophetic hadiths. The main focus of this study is the methodological analysis of hadiths related to ecological issues, such as environmental conservation, social justice, and natural resource management. This study uses a hadith criticism approach, namely by examining aspects of authenticity through analysis of sanad (chain of narrators), criticism of matan (the content of the hadith), and contextual and semantic interpretation of hadiths relevant to environmental themes. In this study, the hadiths analyzed were selectively selected based on their relevance to the principles of Islamic social ecology. The analysis process was carried out thoroughly to assess the validity of the hadith and understand its meaning and normative objectives. This approach integrates classical evaluation methods of hadith science with a contemporary ethical perspective, resulting in a comprehensive framework for formulating hadith-based environmental ethics. Research findings indicate that many authentic hadiths contain strong social ecological principles, such as the concept of caliphate (human leadership over the earth), mizan (balance), and distributive justice. These values emphasize the importance of human responsibility in preserving nature and creating harmony between humans and their environment. These hadiths also demonstrate the close relationship between the spiritual dimension and socio-ecological responsibility. This study makes a significant contribution to the development of hadith-based Islamic environmental jurisprudence. With a methodological and academic approach, this study enriches understanding of Islamic ecological ethics and opens up opportunities for integrating religious values into just and sustainable environmental management.

Durian is a tropical fruit belonging to the climacteric group, meaning it experiences a surge in respiration after harvest and quickly deteriorates. Due to its perishable nature, processing is necessary to extend its shelf life and maintain its nutritional value and flavor. One traditional method of processing that has long been known in Indonesia, particularly in Kalimantan and Sumatra, is the fermentation of durian flesh into tempoyak. Tempoyak is a natural fermentation product made from ripe durian flesh that has undergone a further ripening process and has a distinctive sour taste and strong aroma. The tempoyak fermentation process involves the activity of microorganisms, particularly lactic acid bacteria (LAB) such as Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus curvatus, which play a crucial role in producing flavor, a semi-solid texture, and functional health benefits. Human food needs depend not only on the quantity of food but also on the quality of its nutritional content, such as carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamins, and minerals. In this context, fermented foods such as tempoyak provide added value in the form of probiotics that have the potential to improve digestive health. Lactic acid bacteria, which dominate the natural fermentation process, play a crucial role in the formation of flavor compounds and beneficial biological activities. This study aimed to isolate and identify the types of LAB present in traditional tempoyak from Jambi. Isolation was conducted to obtain pure strains of bacteria with potential probiotics, while identification aimed to determine the dominant bacterial species in the tempoyak fermentation process. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the development of functional food products based on local fermentation.

Blockchain logistics represents the integration of blockchain technology into the logistics sector, aiming to enhance efficiency, transparency, and security across supply chain processes. From an Islamic economics perspective, digital transformation must align with core values such as justice, transparency, and honesty to support the development of fair and sustainable logistics systems. The decentralized nature of blockchain offers promising solutions for building supply chains rooted in Islamic ethical principles. This study conducts a bibliometric analysis to examine the development and research trends of blockchain logistics within the context of Islamic economics. Using VOSviewer software, relevant scientific publications were analyzed based on bibliographic data sourced from reputable academic databases. Bibliometric parameters—such as the maximum number of authors per document and the minimum number of documents per author—were applied to identify key contributors and dominant research themes. The bibliometric mapping reveals the growth trajectory of blockchain logistics research framed by Islamic values. The visualization highlights research clusters, prominent authors, co-authorship networks, and publication trends that illustrate the evolution and scholarly interest in this interdisciplinary area. Emerging themes suggest a convergence between blockchain-driven logistics innovation and ethical economic practices advocated in Islamic teachings. The findings provide a comprehensive overview of the current landscape and collaboration opportunities in blockchain logistics research through an Islamic lens. This study contributes to the strategic positioning of future research by identifying gaps, potential synergies, and critical areas for development. Ultimately, it offers a foundational reference for scholars seeking to explore the integration of Islamic ethical principles within the advancement of blockchain-enabled logistics systems.

This study explores the integration of indigenous spiritual knowledge into modern environmental ethics, focusing on the role of traditional ecological wisdom, spiritual cosmology, and stewardship practices in promoting sustainability. Indigenous worldviews often emphasize the interconnectedness between humans, the spirit world, and nature, viewing these relationships as sacred and reciprocal. This paper highlights the philosophical contributions of indigenous environmental ethics, which contrast with Western anthropocentric frameworks, offering a more holistic, spiritual, and culturally embedded perspective on ecological stewardship. Through a qualitative comparative approach, the study examines indigenous practices such as those found in the Anishinaabe philosophy of mino-mnaamodzawin and the Sarnaism faith of the Oraon community, demonstrating how spiritual connections to nature foster a deep sense of responsibility and environmental ethics. Additionally, the study discusses the challenges of integrating indigenous spiritual principles into Western academic and policy frameworks, including issues of cultural appropriation and the preservation of traditional knowledge. The research further explores potential strategies for collaboration, emphasizing community-driven approaches that respect and incorporate indigenous knowledge into global environmental governance. This integration can lead to more inclusive and sustainable environmental practices that honor both ecological balance and cultural heritage. The findings suggest that indigenous spiritual knowledge offers essential insights into creating a more sustainable and ethical approach to environmental challenges, providing a model for future policy development and global ecological strategies.

This study aims to determine whether the Penal and Non-Penal Integral Policy can be implemented to increase the effectiveness of eradicating online gambling crimes and to determine the obstacles faced by the local government in implementing the Integral Policy on Online Gambling Crimes in Surakarta. This type of research uses empirical legal research, with a descriptive research nature. The research location is at the Surakarta Police, Surakarta City. The types and sources of data in the study consist of two types, primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques are by observation, interview, and decision study techniques. The results of this study show that the causes of the rampant online gambling in the Surakarta Police area are economic problems, community disobedience to the law, morality factors, low Human Resources (HR), and tradition. The eradication of online gambling in the Surakarta Police area can be said to be effective, although in reality online gambling continues to grow, but during the last five years (2020-2025) there has only been one case file handled regarding online gambling, However, the role of the Police in handling online gambling cases is still limited, so that the perpetrators of gambling are only subject to Article 303 of the Criminal Code concerning gambling. and in handling online gambling cases, there are various obstacles found in the field, both in terms of time, costs and processes that are not easy to imagine.

Photo archives contain recordings of events/ people/ objects/situations or other things that provide various information values. Although not all photos are called archives, in reality, many photos are currently useful as archives that are important records for individuals/private organizations and the government. Photo archives are different from textual archives. Photo archives are able to explain a comprehensive picture of the images they contain. Although photo archives are useful as a means of proof, a memory for the future, not many individuals/private organizations or the government manage photo archives properly, because the assessment of photos as archives still has no standard, so that the management of photo archives is still sectoral. This study uses the literature review method, conducting analysis based on information obtained from books, previous research and other references. Data was collected by tracing topics that were relevant to this study, so that it could be analyzed and drawn conclusions. The results of the analysis stated that the management of photo archives is important, not only for the present but also for the future. Photo archives as evidence are able to record information according to the time of the incident, unlike textual archives which are compiled after the event occurs. However, with the vulnerable nature of photo archives, it requires good maintenance and regular maintenance. It requires expertise and people who understand the information content in photos, so that they will not be wrong in assessing photos as archives.

Significant physical and psychological changes occur throughout pregnancy, especially in the third trimester (weeks 27–40).  Lower back pain, frequently caused by poor posture, changes in the curvature of the spine, and increasing body weight that shifts the center of gravity forward, is a common issue during this time.  Between 30% and 78% of pregnant women report experiencing lower back discomfort.  Maintaining physical health, endurance, and mental preparedness for childbirth are key objectives of prenatal exercise.  This study aimed to examine the effect of pregnancy exercise on lower back discomfort in third-trimester pregnant women at the Likupang Community Health Center.  The study used a one-group pretest-posttest design and was pre-experimental in nature, with the Likupang Community Health Center serving as the research site.  Fifteen pregnant women from the Likupang Community Health Center were chosen as the study sample.  The results indicated that pregnancy exercise had a significant impact on reducing back pain (p-value 0. 000), showing a clear effect between pregnancy exercise and the reduction of lower back pain (p-value 0. 000), as confirmed by the bivariate statistical test.  The findings suggest that pregnancy exercise can effectively alleviate lower back discomfort in third-trimester pregnant women.

This study explores the integration of indigenous spiritual knowledge into modern environmental ethics, focusing on the role of traditional ecological wisdom, spiritual cosmology, and stewardship practices in promoting sustainability. Indigenous worldviews often emphasize the interconnectedness between humans, the spirit world, and nature, viewing these relationships as sacred and reciprocal. This paper highlights the philosophical contributions of indigenous environmental ethics, which contrast with Western anthropocentric frameworks, offering a more holistic, spiritual, and culturally embedded perspective on ecological stewardship. Through a qualitative comparative approach, the study examines indigenous practices such as those found in the Anishinaabe philosophy of mino-mnaamodzawin and the Sarnaism faith of the Oraon community, demonstrating how spiritual connections to nature foster a deep sense of responsibility and environmental ethics. Additionally, the study discusses the challenges of integrating indigenous spiritual principles into Western academic and policy frameworks, including issues of cultural appropriation and the preservation of traditional knowledge. The research further explores potential strategies for collaboration, emphasizing community-driven approaches that respect and incorporate indigenous knowledge into global environmental governance. This integration can lead to more inclusive and sustainable environmental practices that honor both ecological balance and cultural heritage. The findings suggest that indigenous spiritual knowledge offers essential insights into creating a more sustainable and ethical approach to environmental challenges, providing a model for future policy development and global ecological strategies.

This study aims to examine whether there is a correlation between the hedonistic lifestyle of STIE Bima students and their aspiration to purchase an iPhone. The hedonistic lifestyle, which focuses on the pursuit of pleasure and instant gratification, often drives individuals to acquire luxury and prestigious items such as the iPhone. However, issues related to the product, such as fast battery drainage, poor performance, and blocked IMEI, have been documented by users. These problems can affect the brand image and purchasing intentions. Furthermore, the temporary nature of hedonistic pleasure causes consumers to continually seek new products to fulfill their emotional desires, which could influence their purchasing decisions. Additionally, negative perceptions of a product’s value, price, or quality may lead consumers to hesitate in making a purchase. Therefore, it is essential to understand how the hedonistic factor interacts with the intention to buy a specific product, particularly among students who are often the primary consumers of electronic products like the iPhone. This study uses a quantitative method with an associative research strategy to explain the relationship between a hedonistic lifestyle and purchase intention. A total of 96 STIE Bima students were selected as the sample, using the Lemeshow algorithm. Data were collected through questionnaires, direct observation, and literature review. Data analysis was performed using various statistical methods, including validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests (such as normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, and autocorrelation), as well as multiple linear regression analysis. t-tests (both partial and simultaneous) were used to test the impact of each variable on purchase intention. Correlation coefficients were used to measure the strength of relationships between the variables studied. The results of this study are expected to provide insights into how a hedonistic lifestyle influences iPhone purchasing decisions among students.

This study explores the effectiveness of role play as a teaching method to enhance students' speaking skills in professional secretarial contexts, specifically in business telephone conversations, presentations, and negotiations. The research was conducted within the Diploma III Secretarial Program over one academic semester. Employing a qualitative methodology, the study involved classroom observations and student reflections gathered through feedback sessions. The objective was to assess how role play could contribute to the development of fluency, confidence, and contextual language use in English for specific professional purposes. The findings revealed that role play significantly improved students' speaking performance. Students showed greater confidence in expressing ideas, improved fluency, and a better understanding of appropriate vocabulary and expressions suited to professional environments. Furthermore, students expressed that the interactive and practical nature of role play made learning more enjoyable and less intimidating, allowing them to immerse themselves in real-life communication scenarios. These positive experiences encouraged active participation and increased motivation to learn English for professional use. The study also highlighted the value of reflective learning, as students were able to identify their own progress and areas for improvement. Through continuous engagement in simulated professional tasks, learners developed better adaptability in communication and exhibited more natural conversational flow during tasks that mirrored real workplace situations. In conclusion, the role play method proves to be a highly effective pedagogical tool for enhancing speaking skills in secretarial English. It not only helps build linguistic competence but also cultivates soft skills necessary for professional communication. Therefore, it is recommended that educators incorporate role play regularly in English for Specific Purposes (ESP) curricula to maximize its benefits in developing productive speaking abilities among students.

The film Prisoners (2013), directed by Denis Villeneuve, presents a complex portrayal of emotional intensity, moral ambiguity, and psychological struggle in the aftermath of a child kidnapping. Conflict becomes the central element that shapes the characters, drives the storyline, and raises important questions about justice, resilience, and ethical boundaries. This study aims to explore the internal and external conflicts found in Prisoners, and how these tensions reflect challenges often encountered in real life. Using a descriptive qualitative method and based on William Kenney’s theory of conflict, the research closely analyzes key scenes and character interactions to identify patterns of tension and confrontation. The results show that Prisoners features 15 conflict events: internal conflict (26.67%), man vs. man (33.33%),man vs. society (26.67%), and man vs. nature (13.33%), with with man vs. man emerging as the most dominant, emphasizing the focus on intense personal struggles and confrontations between characters. The findings suggest that Prisoners (2013) uses conflict not just as a narrative device, but also as a way to invite the audience to reflect on moral choices, human limits, and the emotional cost of seeking justice in moments of crisis.

Growth rapid computing cloud, especially on academic, government, and service platforms. public, has trigger improvement frequency and complexity Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. Intelligent DDoS attacks AI based capable copy pattern Then cross user valid, so that difficult detected and mitigated. The majority approach mitigation moment This nature reactive, no scalable, and tends to sacrifice availability service for authorized users. Research​ This aiming develop architecture proactive and adaptive defense​ For ensure continuity service during attack ongoing. Security model proposed hybrid​ integrating Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA), adaptive bandwidth control, and isolation service container -based. Architecture consists of from three layer Main: (1) ZTA Policy Engine which performs verification identity and assessment behavior through tokens and policies intelligent; (2) Adaptive Bandwidth Load Balancer which automatically dynamic separate and arrange Then cross based on reputation and level trust ; and (3) Containerized Service Cluster which groups request to in different containers For user trusted and not known . Components addition such as blockchain -based smart contracts are used For recording request and verification access , as well as lightweight AI module used for profiling then cross in real-time. Simulation results show that this model succeed increase availability service for user trusted during attack , press false positive rate , as well as optimize allocation source power. Integration of zero trust policies with intelligence Then cross and segmentation service in real-time forming framework effective and scalable defense​ to modern DDoS threats . In conclusion , the study This contributes a robust , adaptive , and modular architectural model for maintain continuity cloud services in condition network at risk .

Generation Alpha is growing up in an era dominated by rapid technological advancement and digital interaction, which necessitates the development of innovative, engaging, and interactive learning strategies. This need extends to Christian Religious Education (CRE), where traditional methods may no longer fully capture the attention or meet the learning styles of today's children. One promising approach is the adaptation of Labubu dolls as a learning medium within the CRE curriculum. With their distinctive, expressive features, Labubu dolls can serve as an effective pedagogical tool to convey Christian values in a manner that is both relatable and captivating for young learners. This article explores the integration of Labubu dolls into Christian Religious Education as a medium to enhance student engagement, comprehension, and internalization of core religious values. Using a qualitative research design with a constructivist approach, the study investigates how puppetry, particularly through Labubu dolls, can transform abstract theological ideas into concrete, child-friendly learning experiences. Data was collected through observation, interviews, and reflective practices involving teachers and students in early education settings. Findings indicate that the incorporation of storytelling, character interaction, and reflective dialogue facilitated by Labubu dolls significantly improves children's understanding of Christian principles. The dolls create a dynamic learning environment that encourages emotional connection, moral reasoning, and active participation. Furthermore, the playful yet structured nature of puppet-based instruction aligns well with the cognitive and emotional development of Generation Alpha, making it a highly relevant educational innovation. In conclusion, the use of Labubu dolls within the Christian Religious Education curriculum represents a strategic response to contemporary educational challenges. It not only enhances pedagogical effectiveness but also supports the formation of Christian character and faith from an early age, positioning Labubu dolls as a transformative medium for religious instruction in the digital age.

This research explores the effectiveness of heuristic techniques for solving combinatorial optimization problems, with a particular focus on the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). Combinatorial optimization is a critical area of study, especially in fields like computer science, engineering, and economics, where finding optimal solutions from a finite set of possibilities is crucial. However, the NP-hard nature of many combinatorial problems, such as the TSP, makes traditional exact methods like Branch-and-Bound and Dynamic Programming computationally expensive and inefficient for larger problem sizes. The primary objective of this research is to evaluate the performance of heuristic methods, including Simulated Annealing (SA), Genetic Algorithms (GA), and Iterative Computation techniques, such as Tabu Search (TS) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). These methods are tested for their ability to provide approximate solutions efficiently. The findings reveal that while ACO provided the best solution quality, it had the longest runtime. TS was the fastest, though with slightly lower solution quality. SA and GA demonstrated a balance between solution quality and computational efficiency, but their performance heavily depended on parameter tuning. The hybridization of SA and GA showed potential for improving solution quality but introduced additional complexity. The research concludes that heuristic methods, especially when combined, offer viable solutions for large-scale combinatorial optimization problems, though the trade-off between solution quality and computational time must be considered when selecting an algorithm.

Lau Kawar Lake, a natural tourism area located on the slopes of Mount Sinabung in Karo Regency, North Sumatra, holds significant potential for the development of nature and culture-based tourism. However, the growth in tourist visits has not yet met expectations due to limited accessibility across various dimensions. This study aims to formulate strategies for improving physical, informational, and institutional accessibility in support of sustainable regional development.The research adopts a mixed methods approach, emphasizing primary data collection through field observations, interviews with key stakeholders and village officials, as well as surveys of 60 tourist respondents. Findings reveal that, overall, the three dimensions of accessibility are still rated as "fair," with average scores ranging from 3.28 to 3.36. The main barriers identified include inadequate road infra-structure within the area, lack of dedicated public transportation for tourists, limited official digital promotional content, and weak institutional coordination in area management. A synthesis of the quantitative and qualitative results indicates that the development of Lau Kawar Lake requires an integrative approach that combines spatial planning, community-based governance, and local policy interventions.Based on these findings, several strategic recommendations are proposed: (1) improvement of access roads and landslide-prone areas through Special Allocation Fund (DAK) for infrastructure; (2) provision of dedicated public transportation for tourists with fixed routes and schedules from the nearest city center; (3) installation of directional signs and visual information boards in aesthetically pleasing formats and bilingual language; (4) establishment of a Digital Promotion Team involving local actors and institutions; (5) capacity-building programs for the community in tourism services, home stay management, and culinary entrepreneurship; and (6) formation of a Cross-Sectoral Accessibility Coordination Forum for Lau Kawar Tourism as a medium-term planning and monitoring platform.This study contributes contextually to strengthening the accessibility dimension as a key prerequisite for advancing local tourism destinations towards sustainable, inclusive, and locally grounded development.

This study aims to improve student learning outcomes through the implementation of the cooperative learning model of the jigsaw type in science instruction for Grade V students at SDN 76/IX Muaro Jambi. This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) using the Kemmis & McTaggart model, which consists of four stages: planning, action, observation, and reflection. The research was conducted in two cycles to measure progressive improvements in student learning outcomes. Data collection techniques included observation, interviews, and documentation. The subjects were all 20 students of Grade V at SDN 76/IX Muaro Jambi. In the pre-cycle stage, before the intervention, only 25% of the students achieved satisfactory learning outcomes, which was categorized as "not yet meeting expectations." After the implementation of the first cycle, student achievement improved to 50%, falling into the category of "approaching fairly successful." However, this result had not yet reached the expected level of success. In the second cycle, the application of the jigsaw-type cooperative learning model was further optimized. The results showed a significant increase, with 80% of students achieving successful outcomes, which was categorized as "approaching highly successful." This improvement demonstrates that the jigsaw model effectively enhances student engagement, individual and group accountability, and conceptual understanding in science learning. Therefore, this study concludes that the cooperative learning model of the jigsaw type has a positive impact on improving student learning outcomes in science. The researcher recommends that teachers, especially in science and religious education (PAI), adopt the jigsaw learning model as a strategic alternative to foster an active, enjoyable, and meaningful learning process. The collaborative nature of the model encourages students to take responsibility for their own learning and for helping their peers, creating a more supportive and productive classroom environment.