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The phenomenon of flexing, or showcasing achievements and lifestyle excessively on social media, has become an increasingly common trend among Generation Z. This study explores the relationship between self-esteem and flexing behavior, along with its impact on identity formation and mental health. Individuals with high self-esteem tend to share their accomplishments as a form of self-appreciation. However, without adequate emotional awareness and self-regulation, this behavior can escalate into narcissism and a dependence on external validation. Generation Z utilizes social media, especially Instagram, as a medium for self-expression, identity construction, and social recognition. In the context of jogging activities, posts on social media are not merely for showing off but serve as personal documentation, motivation, and inspiration for others. Jogging is not only viewed as a physical activity but also as a part of modern lifestyle and status symbol, often displayed through branded sportswear, smart devices, and aesthetic locations. Nevertheless, social pressure to maintain a certain image through social media can lead to psychological impacts such as identity crises, insecurity, and social stress. Previous research indicates that flexing behavior is driven by a desire for recognition, feelings of insecurity, obsession with others' possessions, and social pressure. Despite its negative sides, flexing also has potential positive effects, such as enhancing motivation to exercise, promoting healthy lifestyles, and strengthening supportive digital communities. Regular jogging has been proven to improve mental and physical health, including reducing anxiety and improving mood. Therefore, a healthy self-concept, emotional intelligence, and digital literacy are crucial for fostering responsible social media behavior. Generation Z must be equipped with critical awareness to distinguish between authentic self-expression and the illusion of recognition in today’s visually driven digital era.

In the ever-evolving digital age, the dissemination of personal information through social media has become an important issue, especially for journalists. One form of crime that has emerged is doxing, which is the collection and publication of a person's personal data for the purpose of intimidation. The doxing case against Ni Luh Anggela, a journalist in Indonesia, by the Instagram account @greschinov, is in the spotlight because it shows the vulnerability of journalists to cyber attacks. This study aims to analyze the criminal law protection available to Ni Luh Anggela and the legal steps she can take. The method used is normative juridical with a statutory approach and literature study. The results showed that the act of doxing by @greschinov fulfilled the elements of a criminal offense according to the Electronic Information and Transaction Law and the Personal Data Protection Law.

This study examines the role of technology in the transformation of Siri' na Pacce cultural values among the Z generation in Makassar City. The values of Siri' (shame) and Pacce (pain) are deeply rooted philosophical foundations in Bugis-Makassar society, but face relevance challenges in the digital era. Through a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation, this study analyzes how digital media such as Instagram, YouTube, and TikTok act as a means of transmitting traditional cultural values. The results show that technology facilitates the dissemination of Siri' na Pacce values in a broader and more engaging way for generation Z, while transforming cultural understanding from what was previously perceived as a culture of violence to civilized values. This research concludes that there is a need for synergy between digital technology, family and educational institutions to ensure that Generation Z does not only know the value of Siri' na Pacce superficially, but is able to internalize and implement it in daily life according to the context of the times.

The rapid growth of social media platforms, particularly TikTok and Instagram, has exposed students to various types of content—both constructive and harmful. Negative content such as toxic comments, body shaming, false self-image, and hate speech can pose serious risks to students’ mental health. This study aims to explore the psychological impact of such exposure among junior and senior high school students using a literature review approach. The method involved a systematic analysis of relevant academic publications from the past five years (2020–2025), focusing on the effects of negative digital content on students’ mental well-being. The findings indicate that frequent exposure to toxic comments, body shaming, unrealistic portrayals, and cyberbullying correlates with increased anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, and sleep disturbances. These outcomes emphasize the need for improved digital literacy, stronger parental and educational supervision, and preventative strategies in schools to support students in navigating social media responsibly. This study is expected to provide a theoretical foundation and practical considerations for future educational and psychosocial policies addressing the mental health impacts of social media on adolescents.

This research is to analyze the Marketing Strategy of Pempek Cik Rita, using Strenghts, Weeknesses, Opportunity, Threads (SWOT) Analysis. Data collection techniques using interviews and field observations. The results of this study suggest that Pempek Cik Rita can optimize its business strategy by utilizing its strengths to face various opportunities and challenges. By expanding the market outside the city and establishing partnerships with catering parties in Bandar Lampung, the company can expand its reach and attract more customers. To overcome weaknesses, Pempek Cik Rita can increase visibility through social media such as GoFood, Instagram, and TikTok, as well as product diversification by adding vegan pempek variants to follow the healthy food trend. To deal with threats, the company can establish stronger cooperation with mackerel suppliers to ensure the supply of quality raw materials and develop diverse pempek variants to compete in a tight market.

The evolution of social media and its algorithms has transformed the dissemination of Pancasila as Indonesia’s national ideology. This study aims to analyze the representation of Pancasila in algorithmically curated digital discourse and its impact on public understanding. A qualitative approach, combining digital discourse analysis and netnography, was applied to examine content on Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube. Findings reveal the dual role of social media algorithms: while facilitating educational content on Pancasila (e.g., religious tolerance, human rights campaigns, and nationalism), they also amplify polarizing content, hoaxes, and hate speech that contradict Pancasila values. Analysis of Pancasila’s five principles shows that conflict-driven content (e.g., ethnic-religious issues) gains higher virality due to algorithms’ prioritization of engagement metrics. The filter bubble and echo chamber phenomena exacerbate discourse fragmentation, hindering inclusive dialogue about national ideology. The study concludes that Pancasila-based digital literacy, algorithmic transparency, and multistakeholder collaboration are critical to optimizing social media’s role in strengthening national identity. Policy recommendations include integrating "social cohesion" parameters into algorithm design and regulating content to uphold diversity. 

This research aims to analyze the promotional strategies implemented in an effort to increase the number of tourist visits at the HKBP Prayer House Tourist Attraction, Sipoholon District, North Tapanuli Regency. The method used is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Data was obtained through interviews with tourist attraction managers and tourists, as well as direct observation in the field. The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis to describe various promotional strategies carried out by the management, such as the use of social media, visitor testimonials, organizing special events, making brochures, and collaborating with local churches. The research results show that an effective promotional strategy contributes to increasing the number of tourist visits by posting photos of tourist attractions, visitor testimonials, because positive testimonials from visitors are very helpful, because many visitors come because they read positive reviews on Google or social media and special events such as retreats, religious services and uploaded to social media Facebook, Instagram. Then create brochures and collaborate with local churches to spread information. The management always pays attention to the tourist attractions being kept clean, the staff is friendly and the facilities are in good condition.

Indonesia has three types of heritage: Cultural Heritage, Natural Heritage, and Saujana Heritage. Cultural Heritage includes unique works from more than 500 ethnic groups, while Natural Heritage is a distinctive natural form. Saujana Heritage is a combination of culture and nature in one unit. This study involved 150 respondents and 2 stakeholders who participated in this study. Data collection techniques used observation, interviews, questionnaires and documentation. The findings of this study are that the preservation of Balinese heritage through digital media faces challenges such as the digital divide, which affects the distribution of cultural information in remote areas in Bali. In addition, maintaining cultural integrity in the digitalization process is important to ensure that original cultural values ​​are not lost. The main challenges in using digital technology to preserve Balinese culture include the digital divide, cultural resistance to new technologies, and the lack of digital literacy among local communities. There are great opportunities in increasing global access to Balinese culture, innovation in cultural tourism, and the development of digital platforms that can promote and preserve Balinese cultural heritage more widely and effectively. The use of social media and tourism applications has proven effective in promoting and preserving Balinese cultural heritage. Social media such as Instagram and Facebook can be used to showcase cultural rituals or traditional ceremonies in real-time, while mobile applications can provide detailed information about Balinese cultural sites.

The training on optimizing Instagram and TikTok social media content and video editing using the CapCut application was part of a community service program aimed at enhancing digital literacy and visual content production skills. This activity took place during the Education Exhibition commemorating the 63rd Anniversary of Universitas Negeri Makassar, involving participants from various backgrounds, including students and small business owners. Using a participatory method combining theoretical sessions, demonstrations, and hands-on practice, the training resulted in significant improvements in participants’ understanding of social media strategies, personal branding, and video editing skills. Evaluation results showed a 41% increase from pre-test to post-test scores, and 85% of participants grasped the basic concepts of reach and engagement in social media algorithms. This program successfully equipped participants with relevant digital competencies and contributed to social transformation through the strategic and creative use of social media.

This research was motivated by the author's admiration for Widji Thukul's work and the author's interest in analyzing one of the poems as an extraordinary work because there are many meanings that need to be studied. The purpose of this research is to analyze the cyber literature of Widji Thukul's poem “Apa Guna” in YouTube platform with Expressive Approach. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method, which is a method used to describe the condition of the object naturally, in detail, and systematically at an exclusive time; as well as to find insights, with the researcher as the main instrument in the research. The result of the analysis stated that the cyber literature in the Hyperlink of poem “Apa Guna” by Widji Thukul presented in YouTube platform can be connected with other platforms, such as X, Instagram, Facebook, Whatsapp, and TikTok; and its Hypertext can be connected with poems “Air Kendi”, “Sajak Anak Muda”, “Buku Itu Cahaya”, “Di Negerimu”, “Satu Saat dalam Sejarah”, “Awas”, ‘Soliloquy’, “Menempuh Jalan Rakyat”, “Tanah Sunda”, and poem “Surat Ini Adalah Sebuah Sajak Terbuka”. In the development of technology, the poem “Apa Guna” by Widji Thukul remains relevant to the current situation, both in terms of presentation and the content and meaning of the poem itself. With the literary expressive approach, this poem expresses Widji Thukul's anger, annoyance, and disappointment towards the intellectuals and the rulers, as well as his concern and empathy towards the helpless common people. This is reflected in the diction used in each line of his poem. In the cyber literary context of the poem “Apa Guna”, Hyperlinks and Hypertext help to expand and emphasize the meaning of the poem with inter-platform links and interlinks between other poetry texts.

The development of digital technology encourages traditional culinary business actors to adapt to e-commerce services in order to expand market reach and improve service efficiency. This study aims to analyze the digital innovation implemented by the Soto Banjar business in Sawojajar, Malang City, in facing challenges and opportunities in the digital era. Using a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study method, data was collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the study show that the integration of digital platforms such as GrabFood, ShopeeFood, Instagram, and WhatsApp has a positive impact on the effectiveness of promotions, ordering systems, and product distribution. Service innovations such as pre-order systems and attractive packaging help strengthen product image and increase customer satisfaction. Despite facing challenges such as digital promotion costs and spikes in demand, digital transformation has proven to be able to increase the competitiveness and sustainability of this traditional culinary business.

Learning media has an important role in increasing the effectiveness of the teaching and learning process. This study aims to analyze the use of podcasts as a learning medium in the Media and Educational Technology course at the Islamic Religious Education Study Program, Primagraha University. The research approach used is qualitative descriptive, with data collection through observation, interviews, and documentation. The research subjects are students who take the course, selected purposively based on the criteria of active users of social media and digital software. The results of the study show that podcasts are an effective learning medium in increasing students' interest and motivation to learn. Although the majority of students are used to using platforms like YouTube and Instagram, they don't have any experience in producing and distributing podcasts. The implementation of podcasts not only provides a new learning experience, but also encourages creativity and improves students' digital literacy. Group-based learning projects such as Ngajak Podcast show positive responses from students and show increased engagement in exploring educational materials independently. Thus, podcasts can be an alternative learning media that is relevant to technological developments and students' digital habits today.

This study is to find out how using Instagram for digital marketing affects the rise in brand recognition among small businesses that make things in Malang City. This study uses a quasi-experimental design with both a control group and an experimental group. It then analyzes the data using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test. The study's results demonstrate that digital marketing methods led to a big rise in all measures of brand awareness, such as recall, recognition, purchase, and consumption. The p-value from the difference test shows that social media marketing works to make people more aware of your brand. This study argues that small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) should make the most of Instagram to improve their marketing and engagement.

The growing number of elderly in Indonesia demands more attention from families and communities towards their welfare. The many cases of elderly neglect show a lack of empathy and education regarding the role of families and communities in caring for the elderly. This study designed a social campaign entitled "Senja Kasih" which utilizes Instagram social media as a medium for delivering messages to the public. This campaign uses an emotional appeal approach to arouse audience emotions and empathy towards elderly issues. The research method used is mixed methods through interviews, observations, questionnaires, and literature studies. The design results include a campaign logo, visual concepts to increase the effectiveness of message delivery. This campaign collaborates with the Panti Lansia Yayasan Buddhayana Panditarama as a stakeholder. It is hoped that the "Senja Kasih" campaign can increase public awareness, build empathy, and encourage participation in supporting and caring for the elderly.  

This study formulates integrative strategies to revitalize the Darussalam Prayer Hall in Jorong Situjuah Gadang, Nagari Situjuah Gadang. A qualitative-descriptive case study was conducted using semi-structured interviews, participatory observation, and visual documentation, with data analyzed through reduction, thematic presentation, and triangulation. Results show a 25% increase in congregational attendance after improvements to physical facilities, particularly lighting and seating, accompanied by creative programs such as calligraphy, hadroh, and thematic studies. The use of local social media (WhatsApp and Instagram) enhanced digital engagement by 200%, while youth involvement grew significantly. Collaboration between takmir, community leaders, and digital volunteers was identified as a critical success factor. The study concludes that combining physical improvements, innovative programs, and digital communication creates a synergistic effect in revitalizing prayer hall activities. Recommendations include establishing an annual Islamic cultural festival, developing a digital scheduling platform, and strengthening takmir management training to ensure sustainability.

This study explores the political communication strategies of Islamic parties in facing elections during the digital era in Indonesia. Using a qualitative normative approach, the research focuses on literature analysis, regulatory review, and interpretation of relevant legal documents. Findings show that Islamic parties actively utilize social media platforms such as Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube, along with official websites and digital applications to deliver political messages. Their communication strategies integrate religious messages with social, economic, and national issues, adopting a moderate and inclusive narrative to attract young, digitally active voters.Collaboration with influencers, religious leaders, and online communities also plays a significant role in expanding their outreach. However, challenges remain, including unequal technology access in rural areas, low digital literacy among certain groups, and the threat of disinformation that could damage political reputations. Additionally, digital campaign regulations in Indonesia are still inadequate.The study concludes that the success of Islamic political communication in the digital era depends on the ability to manage digital identity, engage with online communities, and respond adaptively to emerging issues. It recommends strengthening party cadres’ digital capacities, improving public digital literacy, and enhancing regulatory frameworks to support a more inclusive and democratic political participation.

This study is a study of digital marketing strategies related to Boneka Bubu, a product that went viral on social media such as TikTok and Instagram. In this context, emotional and content-based marketing work that connects brands with audiences, especially millennial and Gen Z consumers, plays a very positive role. Humorous approaches, memorable characters, and communities play a role in driving the success of Boneka Bubu's digital campaign which aims to increase brand awareness, sales, and customer loyalty. This analysis examines and tries to solve various issues related to UGC, influencer collaboration, and limited edition promotional strategies that build urgency. Data and research show that emotional-based marketing, which involves consumers in the content creation process, strengthens relationships that lead to conversion and engagement. This study explains the impact of the creative process and authenticity that are emphasized for digital marketing strategies in the age of social media.    

The da'wah strategy carried out by Ust. Hanan Attaki on Instagram includes several important aspects, such as content form, communication style, and audience engagement. The da'wah content delivered is not only normative and rigid, but rather more on the storytelling approach that inspires many people. The communication style used is straightforward, relaxed, and close to the everyday language of urban teenagers. Consistency and frequency in delivering da'wah messages are very important in maintaining audience engagement. Ust. Hanan Attaki actively uploads content at least 3-5 times a week, which has built an important presence in maintaining audience engagement. Interactivity is also the main advantage of social media compared to conventional media. Ust. Hanan Attaki utilizes the comments, live, and Q&A features on his Instagram to interact directly with his followers. Overall, Ust. Hanan Attaki's da'wah strategy has shown an effort to harmonize Islamic religious values ​​and the growing digital culture. The content delivered is not only theological, but also touches on the psychological and social aspects of teenagers.

The development of digital technology has encouraged companies to utilize digital marketing to increase competitiveness and sales. This research analyzes digital marketing strategies through the social media platforms Instagram and TikTok at PT. Akasa Kreasi Bersama. Both platforms have the advantage of reaching a wider audience and increasing interaction with consumers through visual content and short videos. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through interviews, observation and document study. The research results show that Instagram is effective in building a brand image through its Stories, Reels and IGTV features, while TikTok excels in spreading content virally thanks to its interaction-based algorithm. The use of paid advertising and collaboration with influencers also contributes to increasing sales conversions. However, the main challenges in implementing this strategy are dynamic changes in social media algorithms and the need to create content that is innovative and relevant to trends. Therefore, companies need to carry out regular evaluations and strategy adjustments to remain competitive in digital marketing.

The digital transformation of journalism has reshaped how news is communicated and consumed. In an ecosystem dominated by visual content and rapid engagement, emoji have emerged as essential tools for conveying emotional tone, shaping narratives, and enhancing audience interaction. This phenomenon is referred to as emojournalism, the use of emoji within journalistic content to foster emotional resonance and public engagement. This study employs a qualitative approach with a constructivist paradigm and phenomenological strategy. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, netnographic observation, and content analysis of online news shared on platforms like Instagram and Twitter. The analysis utilized Roland Barthes’ semiotic framework, supported by triangulation techniques to ensure data validity. Emoji function as emotional signifiers in news content, influencing audience interpretation and increasing digital interaction. Specific emojis—such as