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This study aims to analyze the role of Christian Religious Education (PAK) teachers in shaping the Christian character of students at SMK Negeri 1 Beringin. This study uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method and secondary data analysis. The results of the study indicate that PAK teachers have a strategic role as educators, mentors, facilitators, and advisors in instilling Christian values ​​such as love, honesty, responsibility, forgiveness, and concern for others. Character formation is carried out through the teacher's exemplary life, integration of Biblical values ​​in the learning process, application of real faith practices in everyday life, and a learning approach that prioritizes love and understanding of students' needs. In addition, PAK teachers are expected to continue to develop themselves spiritually and professionally to increase equal effectiveness. Suggestions from this study include the importance of improving the quality and competence of teachers, providing supporting facilities and infrastructure by schools, and developing contextual, interactive, and relevant learning methods to students' lives so that Christian character formation can take place optimally.

The development of road infrastructure undoubtedly has a detrimental impact on society. The Serdang Bedagai Regency government's infrastructure development is an example of how something that is deemed beneficial by some always has a detrimental impact on others. This research intends to examine the influence of the building and operation of the Medan-Tebing Tinggi Toll Road on the socio-economic conditions of the community in the Pasar Bengkel area, Bengkel Village, Perbaungan District, Serdang Bedagai Regency. This study employed a qualitative descriptive case study methodology and gathered information via literature review, in-depth interviews, and direct observation. This study, which was carried out on February 15, 2025, involved three resource people who worked in Pasar Bengkel stores. According to the research, the toll road's construction and operation have a significant impact on Pasar Bengkel businesses. Prior to the toll road, Pasar Bengkel's average monthly income ranged from Rp10 million to Rp50 million, which suggests that local traders were enjoying rather favorable economic conditions. Around 80% of traders, however, reported a more than 50% decrease in income when the toll road opened, with the majority only making IDR3 million to IDR10 million a month.

The rapid advancement of information technology in the modern era has significantly transformed various aspects of life, including the dissemination of information and digital services. In Indonesia, this transformation is marked by the widespread use of electronic systems in daily activities, by the government, private sector, and individuals alike. However, this progress also brings new challenges, particularly concerning child protection in digital spaces. Children, as a vulnerable group, are at risk of exposure to inappropriate digital content, misuse of personal data, and online exploitation.This article aims to analyze the obligations of electronic system providers in ensuring child protection, as regulated in Law Number 1 of 2024 concerning the Second Amendment to Law Number 11 of 2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE Law). The study uses a normative juridical approach, analyzing applicable regulations, literature reviews, and relevant case examples.The findings indicate that Law Number 1 of 2024 strengthens the legal framework regarding the responsibilities of electronic system providers to ensure children's safety in the digital world. These responsibilities include content filtering, protection of children's personal data, and the provision of reporting and violation handling systems. This article emphasizes the importance of the active role of electronic system providers in creating a safe and child-friendly digital environment, as well as the need for government oversight and public participation in its implementation. This study is expected to serve as a reference for policy development on child protection in the digital era.

The spirituality of shepherding (Satua Niha Keriso) plays a crucial role in shaping spiritual leadership within the congregation. This article examines the concept of shepherding from a New Testament perspective and its implications for church development. Using a qualitative approach based on biblical and theological studies, this research highlights Christ’s example as the Good Shepherd and its application in church ministry. The findings indicate that the spirituality of shepherding is not only related to teaching and faith nurturing but also reflects love, humility, and responsibility in building a spiritually healthy community. These findings emphasize that church leaders must embody the values of true shepherding in nurturing, guiding, and serving their congregation with integrity. Thus, the spirituality of shepherding contributes to strengthening faith and fostering church growth in the contemporary context.    

This study aims to examine the role of Christian religious education teachers as role models in preventing bullying in the environment of SMA Negeri 2 Siborong-Borong. Bullying in schools is a serious problem that can hurt student's mental and emotional development. As respected figures and role models, teachers have a key role in creating a safe and respectful environment. In this study, the author highlights various ways in which teachers can play an active role, such as being an example of positive behaviour, building good relationships with students, teaching the values ​​of empathy and tolerance, and enforcing anti-bullying rules firmly. The method used in this study is a qualitative approach by presenting descriptions of literature, books and journals that are linked to the context of teachers and students at SMA Negeri 2 Siborong-Borong. The results of the study indicate that the role of teachers as role models is very important in creating a school culture that is free from bullying and increasing students' awareness of the dangers of bullying and the importance of mutual respect. Thus, the role of teachers as role models in preventing bullying can significantly impact creating a safe and comfortable learning atmosphere for all students.

Character and moral education are essential pillars in shaping the personality of Christian students, especially in the context of the disruptive era, which is increasingly marked by rapid technological advancement, moral degradation, and shifting social values. The rise of digitalization and modernization presents new challenges to students' moral integrity, empathy, and spiritual grounding. This article aims to explore and analyze the strategic role of Christian Education in addressing these challenges by integrating character and moral education rooted in Christian values. Using a qualitative literature review method, this study draws from a wide range of primary and secondary sources that include theories of character education, moral development, and biblical-Christian perspectives. The findings indicate that a holistic approach to Christian Education—one that incorporates moral instruction, spiritual formation, and practical application through discipleship, prayer, and the example of Christian educators—can significantly contribute to students’ character development. Furthermore, this integration cultivates not only moral awareness and social responsibility but also fosters resilience and faith-based identity formation. The article also proposes a contextual model for character and moral education that aligns with the demands of the disruptive era, emphasizing the importance of spiritual values alongside intellectual growth. This model serves as a framework for educators to nurture morally and spiritually grounded individuals capable of navigating complex social realities with integrity and compassion. In conclusion, Christian Education, when grounded in strong theological and pedagogical foundations, has the transformative potential to shape a generation of students who are not only academically competent but also morally upright and spiritually mature

Tourism rural become one of the development strategies that aims for increase welfare public at a time to preserve culture and environment. Lebak Muncang Tourism Village is one of example transformation the village that experienced development significant in sector tourism. Research this aiming for analyze changes that occurred in Lebak Muncang Tourism Village consequence development tourist as well as the impact to environment and society local. The research method used is studies qualitative with approach observation and interview deep to community and stakeholders interests. Research results show that tourist has give benefit economy for public through improvement opportunity work and effort. However, the impact negative also appears, such as improvement amount trash and change pattern social society. Therefore that, is needed policy management more tourism​ sustainable so that the benefits can felt in a way term long without damage balance environment and culture local.

Museums have an important role in preserving human and natural cultural heritage, with the main task of collecting, maintaining, securing and displaying collections for educational and research purposes. The Sang Nila Utama Museum in Pekanbaru is an example of a museum that focuses on pre serving Riau Malay culture, functioning as a storage place for artifacts as well as a center for learning local history. The use of this museum in the learning process has been proven to increase public understanding, especially students, regarding the socio-cultural life of the Malay community and the history of Riau. With a variety of collections including artifacts, dioramas and miniatures, this museum provides an interactive experience that enriches knowledge of local history, while strengthening a sense of pride in regional and national cultural identity

The documentary film "Museum Perkebunan Indonesia" by Fabio Fahrezi Canavaro uses the expository technique to present the history of plantations in Indonesia in a factual and educational manner. This technique emphasizes the clear delivery of information through authoritative narration, visual archives, and expert interviews, providing the audience with a deeper understanding. The documentary is structured in a chronological narrative, starting with the early history of plantations during the colonial era, the post-independence developments, and the relevance of plantations in the modern era. Observations of the film reveal the use of visual archives, such as old plantation photos, historical documents, and colonial maps, as well as interviews with historians and plantation practitioners, enriching the narrative. The combination of clear verbal narration and visual evidence strengthens the presented information, making it easier to comprehend. The expository technique successfully changes the perception of plantation history, which was previously considered monotonous, into something more engaging and relevant. This documentary not only serves as a medium for historical education but also provides a fresh perspective on the role of plantations as a key pillar of Indonesia’s economy. Through this approach, the film serves as an effective example of expository technique in historical documentary filmmaking in Indonesia, encouraging the audience to explore often-overlooked history.

This community service article is a qualitative research, containing efforts to enlighten through exploring business opportunities, fostering an entrepreneurial spirit for teenagers, especially administrators and members of the youth organization. This is done to help the government's program in reducing the impact of unemployment due to the many efficiencies carried out by companies that lay off their employees, eradicating poverty and strengthening food security. The method used is initial socialization about what entrepreneurship is, several new business opportunities that can be pursued as well as marketing strategies. In addition to socialization, there is also intensive mentoring and trying to provide examples of digital marketing. With this youth empowerment activity, it is hoped that it will open their insights and paradigms about the importance of rising from the slump due to unemployment, to becoming a successful entrepreneur in several varied business segments.

Learning German at level A1 is designed for beginners, with the aim of introducing the basics of vocabulary and sentence structure used in everyday life. The material taught includes work and daily activities. Grammar, as a fundamental aspect of learning, is very important to help learners understand sentence structure, verb usage, as well as case systems in German. German Grammar Learning Books that use linguistic approaches such as Error Analysis and Contrastive Analysis aim to make it easier for learners to understand the differences between German and Indonesian grammar. The study analyzed the book with reference  to the Profile Deutsch standard  issued by the Goethe-Institut, which assesses the suitability of the material with the German language learning objectives at A1 level. The focus of the analysis is on the material  of Der Adjective and Modal Verben, with results that show the shortcomings and advantages in the presentation of the material. Some example sentences use more complex structures, such as comparisons that don't correspond to beginner levels. The use of complete conjugation for Modalverben is also considered too heavy, and negation sentences with Modalverben are often confusing for A1 learners. In addition, the vocabulary used in this book is not very well known at the A1 level, so it needs to be adjusted to more basic vocabulary.    

Challenges faced by Christian Religious Education (PAK) teachers in dealing with the diversity of student backgrounds that affect the acceptance of the values ​​taught This study examines the role of Christian Religious Education (PAK) teachers in providing examples through noble morals to students at SMP Negeri 1 Lahomi, West Nias Regency. The noble morals possessed by a PAK teacher play an important role in shaping students' character, especially in the context of religious education that emphasizes moral and spiritual values. This study uses a qualitative literature method. Data were collected through document analysis related to learning activities and teacher interactions with students. The results of the study indicate that PAK teachers at SMP Negeri 1 Lahomi provide strong examples through noble morals in various aspects, such as patience, honesty, discipline, and compassion. PAK teachers also use an approach based on religious values ​​to guide students in developing good character. This study concludes that strengthening PAK teachers to provide examples in developing noble morals has an impact on students in creating themselves as role models for others.

The personality competence of Christian Religious Education (PAK) teachers is very important in creating a learning environment that supports the development of student character, especially through the application of religious norms that are in line with Christian teachings. This study aims to analyze the personality competence of Christian Religious Education (PAK) teachers in applying religious norms for the formation of student character at SMA Negeri 1 Idanogawo, Nias Regency. This study uses a qualitative library approach through book and journal theories. The results of the study indicate that competence opens up new opportunities to enable teachers to integrate religious norms into the learning process for students. This role is also taught to students through Bible stories, discussions, and daily behavior. This paper concludes that the personality of Christian Religious Education (PAK) teachers not only enriches teaching materials, but also plays an important role in forming student character, which is in line with religious values ​​so that through the practice of religious norms as an example it greatly supports the formation of better student character.

This study aims to examine the implementation of social competence of Christian Religious Education (PAK) teachers in disciplining students at UPTD SD Negeri 070988 Hilinakhe, Gunungsitoli City. The social competence of PAK teachers has an important role in creating harmonious relationships between teachers, students, and parents, which can support the creation of discipline in the school environment. This study uses a qualitative approach by exploring library sources to describe how PAK teachers apply social competence in disciplining students. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with PAK teachers, direct observation in class, and analysis of documents related to discipline policies implemented in schools. The results of the study indicate that PAK teachers at UPTD SD Negeri 070988 Hilinakhe have implemented their social competence in an effective way, through good communication with students, providing moral and spiritual examples. The conclusion in this study shows that the implementation of consistent discipline strategies for the diversity of student backgrounds is greatly influenced by the social competence of teachers through good communication. In addition, there is closer cooperation between the school, students, and parents to strengthen the implementation of discipline in the school environment.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate how effective magnet and natural environment learning is with a contextual approach by providing examples from the daily lives of grade IV-A students at SD MIS AL-QUBA. To collect data, this study used a quantitative approach that used observation, interviews, and test questions. The results showed that the use of real examples from everyday life, such as the use of magnets in household items and how ecosystems interact with each other, can improve students' understanding of science concepts. Direct experience-based learning strategies can also increase student engagement and interest in lessons. Therefore, magnet learning in the natural environment and a contextual approach can help students better understand science concepts in elementary school.

This training on creative writing and writing scientific journal articles aims to improve literacy at the Integrated Islamic Junior High School Bakti Ibu Madiun, especially improving writing skills. The participants of this activity amounted to 20 people. The methods in this training activity are lectures and questions and answers, practice and mentoring. The lecture and question-and-answer method was used to deliver materials related to creative writing and scientific journal articles. The creative writing materials presented included: hierarchy of writing, including ideas consisting of imaginary and factual. Scientific journal article writing materials presented include: the definition of scientific articles, scientific articles for journals, and journal article outlines. The practice and mentoring method was used to follow up on the material that had been delivered in the previous method. This training activity provides benefits, among others: teachers get assistance in creative writing, namely writing interesting experiences when teaching or other activities related to activities at school and writing scientific journal articles, namely writing research related to the learning process at school. The teachers were also given examples and several ways to find references for writing materials used through searches on Google Scholar, mass media or journals in universities.

The alumni information system is an example of an information system specifically designed for the purpose of supporting the work of educational institutions, especially at SMK Negeri 1 Koto XI Tarusan, if you want to process alumni data and view all the data through web-based information services. At SMK Negeri 1 Koto Web-based alumni are very necessary to collect alumni data in a comprehensive and easily accessible manner. This research aims to design a web-based alumni information system using the waterfall development method which allows the development process to be carried out in stages starting from analysis, design, to implementation of the system. With this method, it is hoped that the system design can be more structured, efficient, and make it easier for schools to collect current alumni data.

Denpasar City has the highest number of babies born with a birth rate of 16,453 with a TFR of 1.85. In 2023, the number of fertile couples will be 13,459. Data analysis techniques usedin researchthis is binary logisticwithNagelkerke R Square value of 0.933 couples with a percentage of new acceptors of 48.56 percent. East Denpasar District is a district that has successfully implemented the family planning program which is an example for other areas. The purpose of this study was to analyze the husband's age, wife's age, income, husband's education, wife's education, and number of children on the decision to choose a contraceptive method for fertile couples in East Denpasar District. The results of this study indicate that 1) Husband's age, wife's age, income, husband's education, wife's education, and number of children have a simultaneous effect onprobabilitydecision on choosing a contraceptive method for fertile couples in East Denpasar District. 2) Partially, the husband's age, income, husband's education, and wife's education have a negative and significant effect onprobabilitydecision on choosing a contraceptive method for fertile couples in East Denpasar District. 3) The wife's age variable has a positive and significant effect onprobabilitydecision on choosing a contraceptive method for fertile couples in East Denpasar District. 4) The number of children does not affectprobabilitydecision on choosing contraceptive methods for fertile age couples in East Denpasar District.    

This article provides an explanation of how interactive learning can improve students’learning request in class XII SMAN 9 Pekanbaru. Interactive learning in it’s application allows students to participate in learning, actively ask questions, raise students’curiosity and enthusiasm in focusing on learning materials. These things are an indicator that can be seen that with the existence of interactive learning can increase their willingness to learn, student interest in learning. This article presents the implementation of learning by using interactive media properly and correctly, along with examples of interactive learning that can be utilised by teachers in teaching and learning activities. All data obtained in this article is based on the result of observations and interviews conducted at SMAN 9 Pekanbaru. It is hoped that this interactive learning can foster a sense of students interest in learning and also satisfactory cognitive learning outcomes.

This research aims to explore the role of the Daarul Qur'an Al-Qur'an Education Park (TPA) in improving Al-Qur'an reading and developing children's morals in Air Bangis, West Pasaman. The method used is a qualitative approach with interview techniques, observation and documentation. The research subjects consisted of TPA managers, teachers, and children who took part in learning programs at the TPA. The research results show that TPA Daarul Qur'an has made a significant contribution to improving children's Al-Qur'an reading abilities, which is reflected in the development of more fluent and correct reading abilities. Apart from that, TPA also plays an active role in moral development, through teaching the moral values ​​contained in the Koran and the example set by its teachers. This moral development has a positive impact on children's attitudes and behavior, both at home and at school. Overall, this research concludes that TPA Daarul Qur'an makes a very important contribution to the spiritual and moral development of children in Air Bangis, West Pasaman.