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Teaching Assistance is part of the MBKM (Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka) program which aims to improve students' literacy and numeracy skills and provide opportunities for students to learn and develop themselves. One of the target schools for this program is SMP Negeri 4 Mauliru. This program includes various strategies, including optimizing reading corners equipped with picture illustrations to attract students' interest as well as casual reading activities aimed at improving reading habits. Apart from that, this program also involves distributing multiplication brochures to strengthen students' understanding of numeracy as well as making literacy and numeracy posters with the aim of providing a deeper understanding while strengthening educational messages about the importance of literacy and numeracy.  The main aim of this program is to improve students' literacy and numeracy skills, as well as support the development of basic abilities and create a fun learning environment. The results show that this program has a positive impact by increasing literacy and numeracy skills, as well as students' learning motivation and interest in reading.

This study aims to analyze the tendency of moving toward people in the main character of the novel Pukul Setengah Lima by Rintik Sedu using Karen Horney’s psychoanalytic theory. The main character exhibits behaviors that reflect a neurotic need for affection, approval, and protection through submissiveness, self-sacrifice, and emotional dependence on others. A descriptive qualitative approach is employed, using content analysis of excerpts from the novel. The findings reveal that the tendency to move toward others serves as a psychological response to social anxiety rooted in unresolved inner conflicts and emotional insecurity from the past. This pattern of unbalanced interpersonal relationships acts as a defense mechanism to gain a sense of safety in social life. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of psychological dynamics in contemporary Indonesian popular literature and enriches the field of literary psychology.

The purpose of a disciplined attitude is to enhance the quality of ethics, mental strength, responsibility, self-control, good personal habits, assertiveness, and obedience to rules. The aim of this study is to examine the implementation of Aqidah Akhlak learning in the formation of disciplined character among Madrasah Ibtidaiyah students. This research uses a qualitative research method. Data collection techniques utilize literature study techniques. Data analysis techniques are presented using content analysis techniques. The research results prove that Aqidah Akhlak learning is aimed at shaping the disciplined attitude of students in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, starting with teachers preparing teaching modules to make learning more directed and organized. Teachers also create motivation, provide constructive guidance, assertiveness, and serve as role models for students to emulate. The situation and condition of the classroom will make students comfortable to learn when they have a disciplined character. Creating a conducive environment in the classroom can help teachers explain the learning material effectively without difficulties, and assist students in understanding it easily.

This study aims to analyze the influence of the family environment on student learning achievement in elementary school. The family environment is an external factor that plays an important role in shaping children's character, motivation, and learning habits. This study uses a literature study method with a descriptive qualitative approach, which examines various academic literature related to the topic. The results of the study show that family harmony, parental attention and assistance, socioeconomic conditions, and parenting style have a real contribution to students' academic achievement. Families who are able to provide a positive and supportive learning environment emotionally and structurally can increase children's mental readiness and motivation in facing the learning process. These findings are also reinforced by developmental ecological theories that place the family as the closest microsystem that most early influences a child's development. Therefore, the active involvement of families in children's education needs to be strengthened as part of efforts to improve the quality of basic education.  

This study examines the transformation of musical techniques that occurs in students who take part in big band training, from classroom learning to performance on stage. Big band as a jazz ensemble popular from the Swing Era of 1935 to the late 1940s offers a unique opportunity for students' musical development. This study observed changes in students' technical skills, understanding of dynamics, improvisation and confidence through a qualitative approach by observing 30 high school students during a six-month training program. Results showed significant improvements in the ability to read scores, instrument playing techniques, and aesthetic understanding of big band music. The main challenge identified was the adaptation of marching band playing habits to the big band context, especially in terms of playing dynamics. A training model combining regular practice, music appreciation, and professional guidance proved effective in transforming students' musicality skills from beginner level to being able to perform on stage with appropriate big band aesthetic standards.

This study evaluates the implementation of Behavior Based Safety (BBS) in improving occupational safety compliance at PT Wichindo Pratama, a heavy equipment manufacturing company with high work risks. The topic was chosen due to frequent violations of safety procedures, such as the improper use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and neglect of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), which increase the risk of accidents. A qualitative method was used through direct observation, in-depth interviews with 12 shift workers, and field assessments of safety facilities. The findings show that although the company has an Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) management system, non-compliance still occurs. Issues include incomplete PPE usage, disorganized work tools, and unsafe rest habits. Observations revealed potential hazards such as physical (noise), chemical (oil exposure), ergonomic (awkward postures), mechanical (machine use without full PPE), biological, and psychological risks (stress from shift work). BBS is seen as a strategy to connect existing OHS policies with safe work behavior by focusing on mindset and daily habits. The implementation of BBS is expected to reduce accidents and support the creation of a safer, more sustainable workplace.

The increasing use of gadgets among medical students raises concerns about the health impacts, especially on sleep quality and eye health. Medical students have a high intensity of digital device use due to academic demands, which has the potential to cause excessive exposure to blue light (blue light), sleep disturbances, and eye fatigue (eye strain). This study aims to explore the relationship between the duration of gadget use with sleep quality and eye strain in medical students and to understand the factors that strengthen or weaken its impact. The research method used is qualitative descriptive based on a literature study by reviewing literature from scientific journals, books, and relevant documents. The results of the study showed that exposure to blue light can reduce melatonin production, disrupt circadian rhythms, and cause sleep disorders such as insomnia. In addition, long-term use of gadgets without sufficient rest increases the risk of digital eye strain, characterized by symptoms such as dry eyes, blurring, pain, and headaches. Medical students who are susceptible to intensive exposure to digital screens are at higher risk of this disorder. In conclusion, there is a strong interconnection between gadget use, sleep quality, and eye fatigue. Preventive efforts such as screen time management, use of blue light filters, and education about healthy visual habits are important to maintain the health and productivity of medical students.

College students, as a group of young adults, often face life transitions that involve academic, emotional, social, and economic pressures. One of the effects of these pressures is smoking behavior. According to pre-survey data, most college students who are active smokers consume 5-10 cigarettes per day. These students admitted to having tried to quit smoking at least once, but their efforts were unsuccessful, and they returned to their old habits. This difficulty indicates challenges in self-control. Participants in this study were active smokers across Indonesia, with a minimum consumption of 5–10 cigarettes per day. This study is quantitative in nature, using a self-control scale and a nicotine dependence scale to determine the absence of self-control influence on nicotine addiction. Data analysis in this study was conducted using simple linear regression analysis, yielding a p-value of 0.070 (>0.05). Therefore, it was concluded that self-control does not significantly influence addiction in the study sample.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the mandatory muthola'ah program at the Fatkhul Mu'in Ali Masykur Wonosobo Islamic Boarding School, and its contribution to improving students' literacy. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were collected through direct observation, in-depth interviews with caregivers, educators, boarding school administrators, and students, as well as documentation. Triangulation techniques were used to ensure data validity. The results of the study indicate that the mandatory muthola'ah program implemented in a structured manner every night for 45 minutes is able to build disciplined and independent learning habits. Through this program, students are accustomed to reading yellow books, writing summaries, discussing in groups, and expressing opinions logically. The implementation of this program is also supported by the vision of the boarding school, and intensive mentoring from the administrators. This program contributes significantly to improving students' literacy both academically and in character. The study highlights some students who are less motivated, have difficulty reading Arabic texts, and are afraid of making mistakes during discussions. Patient and consistent coaching indicates that these obstacles can slowly be overcome.

This study examines the implementation of restorative justice approaches in handling sexual violence cases after the enactment of Law Number 12 of 2022 concerning Sexual Violence Crimes (UU TPKS). Through a qualitative approach with empirical juridical design, the research was conducted using in-depth interviews with informants from the Legal Resource Center for Gender Justice and Human Rights (LRC-KJHAM) in Semarang and literature review. The findings reveal inconsistencies in the implementation of Article 23 of UU TPKS, which prohibits out-of-court settlements except for juvenile offenders. Law enforcement officers, particularly the police, still employ peaceful settlement approaches based on older regulations that contradict UU TPKS. This condition negatively impacts victims who often do not receive proper justice and recovery, and even experience revictimization. This research recommends that the government promptly develop more operational derivative regulations and enhance the capacity of law enforcement officers to adopt a victim-centered perspective.

Self reminder is a reminder for yourself that is very much needed to keep thinking positively and avoid all kinds of negative thoughts so that life seems much more beautiful and happy to be grateful for. This study aims to elaborate on the self reminder applied by a young man named Emanuel Omedetho Jermias (EOJ). This study is a case study using qualitative research methods. Data were collected by conducting direct observation and interviews with the research subjects. Data were analyzed using three main steps, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study showed that the self reminder applied by EOJ was to use time productively, build daily habits, and reflect on oneself before going to bed. The benefits felt from self reminders are self-control, increasing self-motivation, accepting oneself as you are, and building self-confidence. This study is expected to have implications for young people to apply self reminders in order to increase their capacity which can be beneficial for individuals and in the social environment.

Domestic Violence (Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga/KDRT) is a complex social phenomenon that requires continuous legal and social attention. In the context of Indonesia, the protection of domestic violence victims has been regulated under Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence, which affirms that victims are entitled to protection, recovery, and legal assistance. However, the implementation of these protections faces several structural and cultural obstacles, such as social stigma against victims, limited human resources, and the influence of patriarchal culture that legitimizes violence within the household. Using normative legal research methods with statutory and conceptual approaches, this article analyzes the policy framework for the protection of domestic violence victims in Indonesia, as well as the roles of government and non-government institutions in providing such protection. The results of this study show that although the legal protection of domestic violence victims is clearly regulated, its implementation in practice remains suboptimal due to social and structural barriers. Therefore, strong legal policies must be supported by the synergy of law enforcement institutions, social organizations, and community participation to ensure effective and sustainable protection for victims. These findings are expected to contribute to the formulation of future policies that are more responsive to the protection of the rights of domestic violence victims.

This study aims to identify the strategies implemented by Al-Qur'an Hadith subject teachers in developing teaching materials in the digital era at MTs Yapika Petanahan Kebumen. In addition, this study also examines the factors that support and inhibit the development of digital teaching materials by teachers. The method used in this study is qualitative with interview and observation techniques. The results show that the strategies implemented include the use of modern technology, multimedia integration, creation of digital teaching materials, use of digital learning platforms, and evaluation. Supporting factors in the development of teaching materials include a wide internet network, student habits in using digital tools, and support from school leaders. Conversely, inhibiting factors consist of inadequate facilities, limited access to electricity in some classes, and the majority of students living in Islamic boarding schools.

Early Childhood Education (PAUD) is a crucial stage in shaping children's character and personality. This study aims to identify the characteristics of early childhood and analyze the role of teachers in supporting children's character development through an observational approach. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with direct observation techniques in one of the Kindergartens in Gorontalo City. The results of the observation show that early childhood has unique characteristics, such as spontaneity, high curiosity, and egocentric tendencies. However, challenges were also found in character development, such as lack of independence and unstable emotions. Teachers have a strategic role in overcoming these challenges through an individual approach, effective communication, and the creation of a conducive learning environment. The strategies implemented include providing examples of positive behavior, routine habits, and play activities that support children's character development. This study emphasizes the importance of a deep understanding of the characteristics of early childhood by educators to create an effective and enjoyable learning process, as well as to shape children's characters who are independent and emotionally stable.

J-Pop music has become an important part of students’ lifestyles and plays a role in influencing their mood and learning productivity. This study employed a descriptive quantitative method by distributing an online questionnaire to 194 students who regularly listen to J-Pop while studying. Results showed that 69.8% of respondents felt their mood improved before studying when listening to this music, and 40.2% reported completing tasks more quickly. These findings indicate that J-Pop can serve as a positive stimulus to enhance motivation and focus during academic activities. However, its effects are subjective and highly dependent on individual preferences and study habits. Therefore, J-Pop has the potential to be part of an effective learning strategy if adapted to students’ personal characteristics and contexts. This study emphasizes the importance of considering psychological aspects when utilizing music as a learning aid to support students’ academic performance.  

Background: Research of glucose detection is important in diabetes management and biosensor development. Taking into account the large amount of water retention, the biocompatibility of hydrogels makes them ideal candidates for glucose detection. The PBA groups, when grafted to hydrogel matrices, improve the glucose-related response of the hydrogels significantly. Objective: To create a novel PBA (phenylboronic acid) holographic glucose sensor, MAAm-co-4VPBA, for uninterrupted monitoring of blood glucose levels, which demonstrates the first successful glucose measurement in whole blood using PBA sensors. Methods: Methylacrylamide (MAAm) was copolymerized with 4-vinyl phenyl boronic acid (4-VPBA) by means of free radical polymerization employing 1,6-hexanedioldiacrylate (HDODA) as a crosslinker and the photoinitiator 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone. The responsive glucose behavior of the resulting polymer was characterized in terms of swelling dynamics, ex vivo flow tests, and error grid analysis mechanisms. Results: The MAAm-co-4VPBA polymer exhibits reversible glucose binding via PBA-diol interactions that allow complexation at different pH and concentration levels. Modulation of the responsive elements of the microcapsules by hydrophobic PBA and hydrophilic MAAm units yields maximum swelling and shrinking dynamics at 37 trail degrees. The sensor successfully detected glucose in opaque biological fluids, blood plasma, without any interference from antibiotics or other therapeutics or endogenous compounds. Ex vivo tests showed real-time glucose monitoring without hysteresis. Most importantly, this work is the first to report the use of PBA-based sensors in whole blood for measuring glucose. Conclusion: The MAAm-co-4VPBA holographic sensor possesses outstanding features such as accurate records and strong resistance to chemicals and slow response to detection, confirming its effectiveness in continuous glucose monitoring. Moreover, the ability to operate in the real world enables the aid in clinical diagnosis of diabetes.

The rapid growth of social media among university students raises concerns regarding its impact on health, particularly sleep patterns. This research investigates the link involving social media usage intensity and students’ sleep patterns. A descriptive quantitative approach was employed through a survey method involving 30 active undergraduate students from various universities in Indonesia, using a survey based on Likert items. The analysis applied Pearson’s correlation to assess the intensity and orientation of the link between variables. The results revealed a strong and affirmative link between social media engagement and sleep pattern disturbances, indicated by a correlation score of 0.655. This reflects that greater intensity in using social media is associated with increased likelihood of disrupted sleep patterns, including irregular sleep schedules, reduced sleep duration, and decreased sleep quality. These findings emphasize the importance of better digital time management and educational interventions regarding healthy sleep habits, both for students and higher education institutions.  

Soil moisture is a crucial factor in agriculture that affects plant growth and crop productivity. In modern agricultural systems, accurate soil moisture monitoring is essential for optimizing water usage and enhancing the efficiency of automatic irrigation systems. This study aims to develop an Internet of Things (IoT)-based soil moisture monitoring system and evaluate the performance of three types of soil moisture sensors: Soil Moisture FC-28, Capacitive Soil Moisture Sensor, and Soil Moisture Hygrometer Module Sensor. The evaluation compares the accuracy and effectiveness of each sensor in measuring soil moisture. The research methodology involves measuring soil moisture in ten different soil samples using the three sensors simultaneously. The system is based on the ESP32 microcontroller, where data from the sensors are processed and displayed on an LCD Liquid Crystal I2C 20x4. Data analysis is conducted using the one-way ANOVA statistical method to determine whether there are significant differences among the measurement results of the three sensors.The results indicate that each sensor exhibits different measurement characteristics based on its working principle. The Soil Moisture FC-28 sensor, which operates on resistance, shows high sensitivity to changes in soil moisture but is susceptible to corrosion. The Capacitive Soil Moisture Sensor is more durable as it does not have direct contact with the soil, yet it requires more precise calibration. Meanwhile, the Soil Moisture Hygrometer Module Sensor provides more stable results under various environmental conditions. The one-way ANOVA analysis reveals no significant differences in the measurement results among the three sensors.

Sleep is a basic need for every human being. Every human being needs adequate sleep in order to obtain a healthy and good body. Poor sleep quality is one of the causes of many medical ailments and has a strong relationship between physical, psychological and sleep health. According to several studies on sleep quality, a person's sleep quality is influenced by several factors such as physical activity, stress and emotion, surfing the internet, watching television and having other habits such as drinking alcohol, smoking and fast food. The student group is a group that has a fairly solid activity. Students can experience disturbances in the circadian cycle due to increased pressure from the academic environment so that groups of students do not have enough sleep. Some of the stressors from Medical Faculty students include busy class schedules, piled up assignments, anxiety before exams that affect the sleep quality of the Medical Faculty students. To determine the relationship between physical activity and emotional stress on decreased sleep quality in students of the Faculty of Medicine, UMSU class 2018. This study used an analytical descriptive method with a cross sectional design. The data was processed using the SPSS Chi-Square test in June 2022 at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah North Sumatra. Based on the results of the analysis, the demographic characteristics of the average age of respondents were 22 (range 22-24) years and 97 (74%) of respondents were women, the frequency of poor sleep quality was the highest (79.4%), the frequency of light physical activity as much as (55%) and the frequency of moderate emotional stress (84%). Multivariate analysis showed that the factors that influence the decrease in sleep quality were emotional stress with p value = 0.001. Physical activity statistically did not affect the decrease in sleep quality with p value = 0.993. There is a significant relationship between emotional stress and decreased sleep quality in students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah North Sumatra, Class of 2018.

The concept of sustainable living has increasingly influenced daily life, with communities adopting healthy habits, eco-friendly actions, and paperless practices. Lyfe With Less is one community actively promoting sustainability through the #SalingSilang campaign. This study analyzes their communication strategies to encourage sustainable lifestyles via social media. Using a qualitative descriptive method, data were collected through digital searches and observation. Findings reveal that social media functions as both an educational platform and a catalyst for social change. A multi-platform strategy ensures broad information dissemination, while exclusive memberships, such as those on Telegram, support deeper community engagement. Programs like the #SalingSilang Free Market and #BersalingSilang offer sustainable consumption alternatives. In 2024, 1,588 second-hand items were exchanged in Bandung, and 3,305 people participated in events across multiple cities. Innovations such as the Sustainable Journey Passport and subsidized shipping fees for online trades enhance public participation. Through these initiatives, Lyfe With Less has built a communication ecosystem that fosters minimalist and environmentally conscious lifestyles. Their approach effectively reduces overconsumption, raises waste management awareness, and demonstrates how social media can be a powerful tool for promoting sustainability.