Publication Search

Credit scoring is an important element in decision-making for providing financing, especially for microfinance institutions. Several methods for predicting credit scoring include Decession Tree, Gradient Boosted, Neural Network, K-NN, and Rule Induction. This study aims to improve the accuracy of financing risk prediction by efficiently integrating historical data. The Neural Network (NN) algorithm is a machine learning algorithm consisting of neurons (nodes) connected to each other in several layers (input, hidden, and output). NN is used for pattern recognition, classification, regression, and complex non-linear modeling. The NN algorithm has the advantage of working well on large and diverse data and unstructured data. However, the NN algorithm has weaknesses such as overfitting and data dependence. In this study, the integration of the Sample Bootstrapping and Weighted Principal Component Analysis (PCA) methods is proposed to improve optimal accuracy in the NN algorithm. The Sample Bootstrapping method is used to reduce the amount of training data to be processed. The Weighted PCA method is used to reduce attributes. This study uses a financing customer dataset. The results of the study show that the integration of the NN algorithm with Sample Bootstrapping and Weighted PCA resulted in an accuracy increase of 1-3% (97%-99%) compared to other algorithms. Therefore, it can be concluded that the integration of the NN algorithm with Sample Bootstrapping and Weighted PCA produces better accuracy than other algorithms

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is disease metabolic chronic which causes various complications including decline strength muscle extremities below , which impacts mobility and risk falls in the elderly . Research This aim analyze effectiveness of Resistance Exercise with combination of Tai Chi gymnastics against improvement strength leg muscles in the elderly with DM. Research design use quasi experimental one group pretest –posttest with amount sample of 32 elderly in the Community Seroja Cahya Kawaluyan Hospital . Intervention done for 3 months with frequency 3 times/ week , intensity moderate (50–70%), and duration 45 minutes . Strength muscle legs measured use leg dynamometer . Data not normally distributed (Shapiro-Wilk p < 0.05), so that analysis using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed 26 elderly experience improvement strength muscles , 3 experienced decrease , and 3 remains , with mark Asymp . Sig. 0.000 (< 0.05), so proven there is improvement strength significant leg muscles after intervention . Exercise program This can recommended as intervention safe and effective for elderly with DM for increase strength muscles and function mobility .

This study aims to analyze the internal and external conditions of Karel Workshop in Wairhubing, Sikka Regency, using a SWOT approach (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) as a basis for formulating business development strategies. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method with data collected through in-depth interviews with the owner, employees, and customers, as well as secondary data from documents and official statistics. The findings indicate that Karel Workshop possesses several strengths, including meticulous service quality, strong interpersonal relationships with customers, and mechanic skills acquired through self-learning. However, the workshop also faces weaknesses such as limited equipment, the absence of a structured management system, and a lack of digital promotion. Opportunities that can be utilized include high public interest in motorcycle modification, potential motorcycle painting services, a strategic location, and possible partnerships with spare-part suppliers. Meanwhile, the main threats include rising spare-part prices, competition among workshops, and occupational safety risks. Overall, the study recommends strengthening digital promotion, improving business management, enhancing workshop facilities, and implementing safety standards to support the sustainable development of Karel Workshop. 

This study aims to explore the phenomenon of fundraising conducted in the name of Buddhism and humanity in Kisaran City, North Sumatra, using a qualitative approach. Data was collected through direct observation, in-depth interviews with the participants, and document analysis related to the fundraising activities that had been conducted. The research findings show that fundraising is carried out in various forms, such as food donations, social activities, and online donations. All of these activities are rooted in Buddhist values, particularly dana (giving) and karuna (compassion). The use of digital technology, especially online donation platforms, has increased community participation and transparency in the fundraising process. However, the study also identified challenges such as the lack of accountability in managing the funds and the risk of misuse that could undermine public trust. In this context, transparency and active community involvement are essential to building trust and ensuring the effectiveness of religious philanthropy. The study concludes that the sustainability of Buddhist fundraising practices in modern society can be achieved by combining spiritual integrity, good governance, and appropriate technology adaptation. Through this holistic approach, Buddhism-based fundraising can remain relevant and effective in supporting humanitarian activities in the digital age.

Background: In the domain of corporate governance, the separation of ownership and control generates significant agency conflicts, primarily manifesting as Earnings Management (EM). Traditional reactive auditing methods fail to detect manipulation concealed within unstructured data, leading to high agency costs and diminished stakeholder trust. Objective: This study proposes an "AI Proactive Monitoring Model" utilizing Generative Artificial Intelligence to fundamentally enhance the monitoring mechanisms of Agency Theory. Methods: The research employs a qualitative conceptual framework analysis. It synthesizes Agency Theory with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Systemic Risk Theory to construct a novel strategic governance model. Results: The proposed model shifts governance from periodic sampling to real-time, continuous analysis of total data populations. By cross-referencing structured financial data with unstructured communications (e.g., emails, contracts), the system generates "Risk Narratives" that contextualize anomalies and flag opportunistic behavior immediately. Conclusion: The integration of AI significantly reduces information asymmetry and moral hazard by creating a "panopticon" effect. However, successful implementation requires distinct regulatory frameworks to manage the systemic risks associated with algorithmic reliance.

This study examines the influence of income inequality and poverty on the prevalence of stunting in ten provinces across Sumatra Island during the 2016–2024 period. Using a panel dataset of 90 observations and applying a Fixed Effect Model, the results indicate that both income inequality—measured by the Gini Ratio—and poverty have a positive and significant effect on stunting. The Gini Ratio shows a coefficient of 1.46 (p = 0.0002), while poverty records a coefficient of 6.28 (p = 0.0140), jointly explaining 52% of the variation in stunting prevalence. Spatial analysis further supports these findings, with Moran’s I values exceeding 0.40, suggesting strong spatial autocorrelation and clustering of high-stunting regions. High-risk clusters—Aceh, Jambi, and Bengkulu—are characterized by Gini Ratios above 0.33 and poverty levels exceeding 12%, reinforcing the existence of an intergenerational poverty–stunting trap, particularly influenced by urban–rural disparities (rural 53.3% vs urban 34.9%). The study highlights that specific nutrition interventions such as supplementary feeding, micronutrient programs, and breastfeeding promotion are insufficient without accompanying structural reforms addressing economic inequality. Therefore, multisectoral convergence strategies are required, including expanded conditional cash transfers, progressive local taxation reforms, nutrition-focused social assistance, and universal basic infrastructure to accelerate stunting reduction toward the 14.2% target by 2029.

The incidence of degenerative diseases, which are part of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), remains a major cause of death worldwide and in many regions of Indonesia. Meanwhile, efforts to prevent degenerative diseases affecting the adolescent age group are still rare, such as the establishment of a Youth Posyandu, including in Sungai Duren Village. There is no health post that provides youth care services in Sungai Duren Village, while there are many teenagers living there (students under 21 years old) with various lifestyles that are at risk of degenerative diseases. This study aims to analyze the increase in adolescent knowledge about CERDIK between before and after the establishment of the Youth Posyandu in order to prevent degenerative diseases early. This study is a quasi-experimental study involving 30 adolescents by measuring the dependent variable of knowledge. The research instrument used is a questionnaire. Computerized data processing and analysis were conducted through descriptive statistical analysis and T-test analysis. The results showed a significant difference in respondents' knowledge of CERDIK before and after the establishment of the Youth Posyandu in Sungai Duren Village (p=0.000). This study indicates that structured health education can improve adolescents' understanding of CERDIK and can be used as an effective promotive and preventive strategy.

The rapid growth of e-commerce has increased the strategic role of freight forwarding and delivery service companies in maintaining the efficiency of supply chains. However, the increasing complexity of delivery processes also raises various operational risks, such as package damage, loss, delivery delays, and distribution errors. This study aims to analyze the implementation of risk management in freight forwarding companies operating in Brebes Regency and to assess the effectiveness of the risk management practices applied. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews, observations, documentation, and questionnaires. Informants were selected using purposive sampling, involving company management, operational staff, couriers, and customer service personnel. Data analysis was conducted using the Miles and Huberman interactive model and supported by average risk score analysis. The results show that most aspects of risk management fall into the high and very good categories, with an overall average score of 3.89. This indicates that the company has implemented risk management effectively, particularly in incident evaluation, risk measurement, and cooperation with insurance providers. Nevertheless, improvements are still needed in reducing the frequency of operational risks and enhancing the use of digital technology for risk monitoring to ensure a more comprehensive and sustainable risk management system.

Preterm birth remains a significant public health concern due to its contribution to neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Among the various risk factors, maternal infections—particularly sexually transmitted infections (STIs)—have been identified as preventable yet critical determinants of premature delivery. This study aimed to examine the relationship between STIs and preterm birth among mothers receiving care at Tomalou Primary Health Care Center. A cross-sectional analytical design was employed, involving 30 postpartum mothers whose medical records and antenatal care data were available. Data on STI status and birth outcomes were collected from health center records and laboratory results, while maternal demographic and obstetric characteristics were also documented. Results indicated that 40% of participants were diagnosed with STIs during pregnancy, and 33.3% experienced preterm birth. Chi-square analysis revealed a significant association between maternal STI status and preterm delivery (p = 0.003). Logistic regression demonstrated that mothers with STIs were sixteen times more likely to deliver prematurely compared to uninfected mothers (OR = 16.0; 95% CI: 2.45–104.3; p = 0.002). These findings suggest that STIs represent a substantial risk factor for preterm birth, even among mothers with adequate antenatal care attendance. Early detection, timely treatment, and comprehensive reproductive health education are recommended to reduce infection-related adverse outcomes. Strengthening STI screening and management within primary healthcare settings is essential to improve maternal and neonatal health outcomes. This study provides evidence for the importance of integrating infection prevention strategies into routine antenatal care to mitigate the risk of premature delivery.

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the infectious diseases that remains a public health problem in Indonesia, including in West Java Province, which has a large population and high mobility. This condition has the potential to increase the risk of transmission and cause variations in the distribution of cases between districts and cities. This study aims to map the distribution of TB cases across all districts and cities in West Java Province from 2022 to 2024 using a spatial analysis approach. This analysis was conducted to describe the geographical distribution of cases, identify patterns of spread, and determine areas with relatively high or low case rates. TB data was obtained from routine recording and reporting by health facilities in West Java, then integrated with population and administrative boundary data. The results of the analysis provide information on case distribution patterns between regions and trends in case changes from year to year. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a basis for local governments in formulating more targeted TB prevention and control strategies, through a focus on interventions in areas with a high case burden, as well as optimizing sustainable public health programs in West Java Province.  

Increased production in the lubricant industry has become a significant issue because it generates production waste in the form of packaging, plastic, and paper waste as a direct consequence of manufacturing activities. Proper and systematic waste management is essential to reduce environmental impacts, comply with regulations, and support responsible and sustainable business practices. Lubricant production waste can damage the ecosystem and surrounding environment if not managed properly, so continuous innovation is needed to minimize environmental risks and reduce potential economic losses for the company. This study aims to analyze and implement effective waste management strategies using a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches, including in-depth interviews with relevant stakeholders and analysis of secondary data obtained from company records. The waste management process begins with several waste reduction programs applied during the production stage to limit waste generation. Furthermore, the waste storage facility (TPS) available on the company’s premises, covering an area of 59 m², is capable of accommodating approximately 60% of the total waste that must be processed internally before further treatment or disposal.

This study examines the impact of industrial activities in Bontang City, a major center for natural gas processing and fertilizer production, which potentially increases heavy metal contamination in coastal waters. Specifically, the research focuses on the accumulation of lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) in Anadara granosa, a benthic bivalve selected as a bioindicator due to its capacity to accumulate pollutants. The study aims to analyze Pb and Cu concentrations in Anadara granosa tissues collected from the waters of Selangan Hamlet, Bontang City, as an indicator of local environmental quality. The research was conducted over a six-month period, involving shellfish and water sampling from four observation stations. Heavy metal analysis was performed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, and the results were evaluated against relevant environmental quality standards, including Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 22 of 2021. The findings revealed the presence of Pb and Cu at all sampling stations, with varying concentrations. The highest Pb and Cu levels were recorded at the South Station, while the lowest concentrations were observed at the East and North Stations. Overall, the measured concentrations of both metals significantly exceeded established safety limits, indicating serious risks to aquatic ecosystems and human health. These results confirm Anadara granosa as an effective bioindicator of heavy metal pollution and highlight the urgent need for further studies and mitigation efforts.

The emergence of ChatGPT and other large language models has introduced unprecedented opportunities and challenges in educational settings. This study examines the dual nature of ChatGPT's integration into classroom environments, analyzing both its potential as an educational tool and the ethical concerns it raises regarding academic integrity. Through a mixed-methods approach combining surveys, interviews, and content analysis, this research investigates how educators and students perceive and utilize ChatGPT, the implications for learning outcomes, and the effectiveness of current academic integrity policies. Results indicate that while ChatGPT offers significant pedagogical benefits including personalized learning support and enhanced accessibility, it simultaneously poses risks to traditional assessment methods and raises questions about authorship and original thought. The study proposes a framework for responsible AI integration in education that balances innovation with academic integrity, emphasizing the need for updated policies, enhanced digital literacy, and redesigned assessment strategies. These findings contribute to the ongoing discourse on AI in education and provide practical recommendations for educators, administrators, and policymakers navigating this transformative technology.

This study developed the Weton-Based Leadership Model as a leadership framework that integrates Javanese cultural values from the weton system with modern leadership theories, such as transformational, servant, charismatic, and situational leadership. Using a postmodern paradigm with an exploratory qualitative approach, this study utilizes pattern matching and explanation building methods through in-depth interviews with cultural experts and human resource management practitioners, as well as analysis of Javanese cultural documents. The results of the study identify five key components in the model, namely self-awareness, value alignment, situational adaptability, team harmony, and risk governance. These five components interact with each other to form contextual leadership that is in harmony with personal identity, organizational culture, and environmental demands. The practical implications of this study include the use of weton as a reflective instrument in recruitment, personalized leadership development, and the strengthening of an inclusive organizational culture. Further research is recommended to test this model in various industrial contexts through quantitative methods and longitudinal approaches.

This study applies the Mean Variance model, which aims to form an optimal portfolio composition in the health, property, and cyclical consumer sectors and combine the three sectors into one portfolio, then visualize its efficient frontier. This study analyzes the return profiles and compares the risks of each portfolio using alternative risk measures such as the Coefficient of Variation (CV), Value at Risk (VaR), and Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR). Daily closing price data for the three sectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from March 2, 2020, to March 3, 2025, were used in this study. Stock selection was conducted using purposive sampling, followed by selecting seven stocks for optimization based on the lowest Coefficient of Variation (CV) value. Portfolio optimization analysis was conducted using the Python programming language with Visual Studio Code software. The findings of this study indicate that the combined portfolio incorporating the three sectors is the most efficient, with an expected return of 0.104%, standard deviation of 0.007, and alternative risk measures such as Coefficient of Variation (CV) 6.9328, Value at Risk (VaR) of -0.99%, and Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) of -1.44%, which are lower than those of single-sector portfolios. Visualization of the efficient frontier curve confirms that the combined portfolio offers better results in terms of risk and return. The results of this study indicate that cross-sector diversification can significantly reduce risk and prevent significant losses.

This study was conducted to address contamination risks in Refill Drinking Water Depot (DAMIU) operations when sanitation, equipment maintenance, and quality control are not consistently implemented. This emphasizes the critical importance of systematic risk monitoring and review processes to ensure water quality and safety. The research aims to analyze the implementation of risk monitoring procedures, identify operational risks at each processing stage, and evaluate the effectiveness of risk mitigation strategies at Depot Isi Ulang Air Galon Barokah. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, utilizing data collection techniques including in-depth interviews, direct field observations, and documentation analysis. The findings reveal that monitoring and risk review processes are conducted routinely, encompassing raw water quality checks, equipment sanitation protocols, and customer gallon container inspections. No significant risks were identified during the study period, as potential hazards such as microbiological contamination and equipment malfunction were effectively prevented through timely filter replacement and daily equipment cleaning procedures. Overall, the depot's risk management system operates effectively and consistently maintains water quality standards, ensuring product safety for consumers.

This study aims to analyze the internal and external conditions of Karel Workshop in Wairhubing, Sikka Regency, using a SWOT approach (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) as a basis for formulating business development strategies. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method with data collected through in-depth interviews with the owner, employees, and customers, as well as secondary data from documents and official statistics. The findings indicate that Karel Workshop possesses several strengths, including meticulous service quality, strong interpersonal relationships with customers, and mechanic skills acquired through self-learning. However, the workshop also faces weaknesses such as limited equipment, the absence of a structured management system, and a lack of digital promotion. Opportunities that can be utilized include high public interest in motorcycle modification, potential motorcycle painting services, a strategic location, and possible partnerships with spare-part suppliers. Meanwhile, the main threats include rising spare-part prices, competition among workshops, and occupational safety risks. Overall, the study recommends strengthening digital promotion, improving business management, enhancing workshop facilities, and implementing safety standards to support the sustainable development of Karel Workshop. 

As a maritime nation with vast sea territories, Indonesia faces significant challenges in safeguarding its waters, particularly in strategic regions such as the Natuna Sea. This area is vulnerable to various threats, including territorial violations, marine resource theft, and illegal underwater activities. This study aims to formulate a concept for the utilization of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) as an alternative solution to enhance underwater security systems in the region. The method employed is Research and Development (R&D), adopting model development steps and complemented by a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of AUVs in the context of Indonesian maritime defense. The research findings indicate that the main strength of AUVs lies in their technological capability to effectively detect underwater threats. Although they have weaknesses, such as high operational costs, dependency on imported components, and limitations in battery endurance and sonar capabilities, these factors do not significantly hinder AUV effectiveness. Major opportunities arise from global technological advancements, yet challenges remain due to insufficient government policy support. The threats faced include the risk of sabotage and extreme weather conditions. Therefore, the recommended strategies are to maximize the use of technology, strengthen supporting regulations, and address logistical and financial barriers to realize effective and sustainable AUV operations in the Natuna Sea.

This study aims to examine and analyze the influence of auditor ethics, auditor competence, and audit risk on audit quality, with audit fees serving as a mediating variable. This research employs a quantitative associative approach with a casual explanatory design. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey administered to external auditors working at Public Accounting Firms (PAFs) in Surabaya, with a population of 55 firms. The sampling technique used was convenience sampling, resulting in 42 auditors as respondents with the characteristic of having worked at Public Accounting Firms in Surabaya for at least one year as of 2025. Data analysis was conducted using the Partial Least Square (PLS) method assisted by SmartPLS 4.0 software. The results indicate that auditor competence and audit risk have a positive and significant effect on audit fees, while auditor ethics does not have a significant effect. Furthermore, auditor ethics has a positive and significant effect on audit quality, whereas auditor competence, audit risk, and audit fees do not show a significant effect. In addition, audit fees are not proven to function as a mediating variable and therefore are unable to mediate the effects of auditor ethics, auditor competence, and audit risk on audit quality.

This paper discusses the role of the global minimum tax in addressing tax avoidance by multinational corporations in Indonesia. This policy is the result of an agreement between the OECD/G20 (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) in the Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) 2.0 project, which aims to reduce global tax avoidance practices by multinational corporations (MNEs). With a minimum rate of 15%, the GMT is expected to create fiscal justice and strengthen the tax base in developing countries like Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative approach based on a review of literature from the OECD, IMF, and academic journals. The analysis shows that the implementation of the GMT has positive potential in increasing state revenues, but also poses administrative challenges and the risk of reducing investment competitiveness. The Indonesian government needs to adjust tax regulations and strengthen fiscal administration capacity to optimize the benefits of this policy. This study also confirms the importance of international cooperation in the successful implementation of the GMT and reducing the potential for tax avoidance by multinational corporations. Furthermore, regular monitoring and evaluation are needed to assess the impact of this policy on the Indonesian economy and to ensure that the implementation of the GMT does not hinder economic growth and investment in strategic sectors.