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International trade is the main pillar of global economic development. For Indonesia, international trade policy plays a strategic role in encouraging economic growth. As a country rich in natural resources and with a large population, Indonesia has the potential to be significant in the global value chain. However, fluctuations in commodity prices, competitive pressures, and protectionism of trading partners are obstacles that need to be overcome. This study examines the impact of international trade policies on Indonesia's economic growth through a literature study. The analysis focuses on the influence of tariff regulation, free trade agreements, and non-tariff policies on the competitiveness of national products and the protection of domestic industries. The results show that trade policies are effective in creating synergies between exports and economic growth, although challenges in the form of dependence on primary commodity exports and the need to increase manufacturing competitiveness remain. This study recommends strengthening infrastructure, improving the quality of human resources, and sustainable economic policies as strategies to optimize international trade for national economic development.

This feasibility study report aims to analyze the potential and feasibility of the Warkop Kopi Kong business in Palangka Raya City. This research was conducted using qualitative and quantitative descriptive methods. The data used includes primary and secondary data. Primary data is obtained through surveys of potential consumers and analysis of the business environment, while secondary data is obtained from various sources such as financial reports, demographic data and market trends. The analysis carried out includes market, technical, management and financial aspects. Market analysis includes demand analysis, determining market targets, and competitive analysis. Technical analysis includes site planning, interior design, equipment, and layout. Management analysis includes organizational structure, human resources, and control systems. Financial analysis includes projections of income, costs, and financial feasibility analysis such as Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The analysis results show that the Warkop Kopi Kong business has good potential to develop in Palangka Raya City. This is supported by increasing public interest in coffee, stable economic growth, and the lack of intense competition in the targeted market segment. However, there are several challenges that need to be overcome, such as fluctuations in raw material prices, changes in consumer trends, and increasingly fierce competition in the future. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the Warkop Kopi Kong business is feasible to run. However, several efforts need to be made to increase competitiveness and business sustainability, such as developing new products, improving service quality, and optimizing the use of social media for promotions.

Determining relatively high prices will cause consumers to move to other producers, or look for new products that have better product quality. This shows that determining price sensitivity must be appropriate. The aim of the research is to determine the price sensitivity of staple foods ahead of Eid al-Fitr in 2023 at Pasar Baruga, Kendari city. Determination of the research area was carried out purposively based on the consideration that Baruga Market is one of the central distributors of staple foods. The sampling technique uses the Slovin formula. The number of respondents who were staple food traders was 44 people. Data analysis uses qualitative descriptive. The results of the research show that: The price sensitivity of staple foods ahead of Eid al-Fitr in 2023 at Baruga Market, Kendari City, means that on average there has been an increase in both the number of goods offered and the price level. For head rice the average selling price difference is Rp. 5,125, for broiler meat the average selling price difference is Rp. 8,750, purebred chicken eggs with an average selling price difference of Rp. the average difference in selling price is IDR 2,786, Sedaap cooking oil with an average difference in selling price is IDR 2,429, Shallots with an average difference in selling price is IDR 15,286 and the average difference in the number of goods sold is 10 Kg .

This research aims to analyze the relationship between feed prices and the productivity of broiler chickens in Indonesia, considering that poultry farming is the main source of animal protein needs for the community. One important component that influences production efficiency is feed prices, which often change due to changes in local and international markets. This research uses a quantitative analysis method with regression which is used in this research to find the relationship between the increase in feed prices and the level of productivity of broiler chickens, including body weight gain, feed efficiency and mortality rates. The data used includes feed prices, production costs and harvest yields from various regions in Indonesia during a certain time period. According to research results, the increase in feed prices made a significant contribution to the decline in broiler chicken productivity. These results indicate that to maintain production stability, strategies to manage feed costs and diversify local raw material sources are needed. In conclusion, to keep the poultry farming industry in Indonesia afloat, feed price stability is very important.

This research aims to analyze the relationship between feed prices and the productivity of broiler chickens in Indonesia, considering that poultry farming is the main source of animal protein needs for the community. One important component that influences production efficiency is feed prices, which often change due to changes in local and international markets. This research uses a quantitative analysis method with regression which is used in this research to find the relationship between the increase in feed prices and the level of productivity of broiler chickens, including body weight gain, feed efficiency and mortality rates. The data used includes feed prices, production costs and harvest yields from various regions in Indonesia during a certain time period. According to research results, the increase in feed prices made a significant contribution to the decline in broiler chicken productivity. These results indicate that to maintain production stability, strategies to manage feed costs and diversify local raw material sources are needed. In conclusion, to keep the poultry farming industry in Indonesia afloat, feed price stability is very important.

The aim of this research is to analyze internal and external factors and determine strategy choices in developing the round tofu agroindustry. This research uses a qualitative approach with case study methods and SWOT matrix analysis. Internal Strength Factors (Strength): Putra Mandiri's tofu agroindustry has well-organized management, adequate processing machine capabilities, and maintained product quality. Weakness: Increasing employee capacity is still situational, and processing machines are not yet equipped with an automatic system. External Factors: Opportunities: There is demand for round tofu products from outside the island, soybeans are available as raw materials, and the majority of competitors are in Cipaku District, providing room for expansion. Threat: Round tofu products have limited durability, raw material prices tend to fluctuate, and price competition is tight. Based on the SWOT analysis, the strategy that can be implemented is the S-O (Strength-Opportunity) Strategy, namely by maximizing the quality of round tofu, meeting market demand, collaborating with other factories, and establishing partnerships with modern markets to expand product distribution.

To find out  the beef cattle business in Perbaungan sub-district is potentially profitable from a financial, social and environmental perspective. Primary data were collected through interviews with farmers and secondary data from relevant agencies. Descriptive-analytical method was used. Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR), Net Present Value (NPV), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) were used to assess business feasibility. The results showed that the beef cattle business is financially viable with a BCR value of 1.35, NPV of 25,000,000, and IRR of 18 per cent. In addition, the business has a positive impact on income generation, job creation, and farmer welfare. But there are some problems, such as changes in feed prices and cattle waste management. Even if feed prices and cattle selling prices change significantly, the business is still viable, according to the sensitivity analysis. To make the business more sustainable, the government should help through training programmes, feed subsidies and access to finance. Beef cattle enterprises have great potential to grow and have a positive impact on both the environment and the community if managed properly.

This study aims to analyze the marketing system of live pigs at Gokat Market, which is one of the centers of pig trade in Indonesia. This analysis includes marketing channels, factors that influence prices, and the relationship between demand and supply of live pigs. The method used in this study is descriptive with a qualitative approach, involving interviews with farmers, traders, and other related parties at Gokat Market. The results of the study indicate that marketing of live pigs involves several channels, ranging from small farmers, collectors, to large traders who sell to end consumers or slaughterhouses. The price of pigs is influenced by the quality of livestock, market demand, and economic conditions, as well as fluctuations in the price of animal feed. The demand for pork is highly dependent on seasonal factors and celebrations, while supply is influenced by the number of farmers and the health conditions of livestock. Regulations also affect market stability and livestock prices. This study concludes that marketing of live pigs at Gokat Market has complex dynamics, where various external and internal factors affect the smooth distribution and selling price of live pigs. Cooperation is needed between farmers, traders, and the government to create a more efficient and sustainable marketing system.    

Inflation has an impact on income inequality and purchasing power in Indonesia. In recent years, Indonesians have increasingly felt significant economic pressure due to the continuous increase in the prices of goods and services.  This research aims to explore the underlying causes of inflation, control efforts, and its impact on people's purchasing power to comprehensively understand Indonesia's inflation dynamics. The method used in this research is a library research approach. Inflation not only affects the value of the currency, but also changes people's spending patterns and purchasing priorities. To overcome this problem, the government implements policies that support the improvement of people's purchasing power and income distribution. This research provides important insights into the interaction between inflation and people's economic conditions, as well as steps that can be taken to create a more stable economic environment.

Fractions and decimals are basic mathematical concepts that have an important role in various aspects of daily life. This article discusses how fractions and decimals are used in daily activities such as measuring, calculating, and carrying out financial transactions. For example, in cooking, fractions are used to measure food ingredients, while decimals often appear in weight and length measurements. In economic transactions, decimals are key in rounding numbers and calculating prices. This article also explains the importance of understanding conversions between fractions and decimals to make decision making easier, both in personal and professional contexts. By providing applicable examples, it is hoped that this discussion can increase appreciation of the role of fractions and decimals in real life and encourage deeper mastery of these concepts.

Pantai Amal Baru Village, East Tarakan District, Tarakan City, is a coastal area in Tarakan City that has abundant tourism potential and marine resources. The majority of the people of Tarakan City rely on resources in coastal areas as their livelihoods, especially as seaweed cultivators, fishermen, and coastal natural tourism drivers. Tarakan City has a fairly high potential for cultivating fishery commodities, one of which is seaweed resources, which are products of economic value as industrial raw materials that are urgently needed in the global market. However, seaweed cultivators face several problems, including capital, production costs, unstable market demand, unstable seaweed prices, and seaweed workers who do not have enough knowledge and skills regarding the improvement of seaweed processing in Tarakan City. This service activity was held in Pantai Amal Baru Village, East Tarakan District, Tarakan City, North Kalimantan Province on September 16, 2024 at 09.00-16.00 WITA. This activity was carried out at the seaweed cultivation site of Pantai Amal Baru with the participation of IRT, seaweed workers, and also small children. The methods carried out in this service activity are community education, improving the quality of seaweed cultivation, and documentation. This service activity describes the comprehensive objectives of the community service program which includes aspects of marine resource management and economy in the coastal community of Amal Baru Beach. This includes community education, improving the quality of seaweed cultivation, developing seaweed processing and increasing income.

When making investment decisions, it is crucial for investors to consider various risks that may arise, both in the short and long term. One method to measure risk is through volatility. Volatility represents a statistical measurement of the degree of price variation over a specific period, expressed as volatility (σ) (Aklimawati & Wahyudi, 2013). This study aims to discuss the pricing of European option contracts using Conditional Monte Carlo simulation and the Black-Scholes method. The data used in this study is secondary data obtained from Yahoo Finance. The data consists of quantitative information, namely the monthly closing prices of Toyota Motor Corporation (TM) stock, spanning 5 years from July 1, 2019, to July 1, 2024, yielding 60 data points. In this research, the pricing of European call option contracts was calculated using Conditional Monte Carlo simulation and the Black-Scholes method. The study concludes that European option contract pricing can be determined using two methods: Conditional Monte Carlo simulation and the Black-Scholes method. Conditional Monte Carlo simulation can be employed to calculate European option prices in a structured manner, utilizing stochastic volatility estimated through the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method. The two methods yield differing option prices; Conditional Monte Carlo simulation produces lower option price estimates with relatively lower error values compared to the Black-Scholes method at every strike price. The lower estimates from Conditional Monte Carlo simulation are due to its consideration of stochastic changes in volatility, whereas the Black-Scholes method results in higher prices due to its assumption of constant volatility. The comparison demonstrates that Conditional Monte Carlo simulation provides cheaper price estimates under market conditions with non-constant volatility, despite requiring higher computational time compared to the Black-Scholes method.   ,

The money supply can affect other economic variables, such as output and prices, create stability in the economy and help achieve the ultimate goal of monetary policy, namely the stability of inflation and exchange rates.  The level of the exchange rate by the monetary authority must be kept stable because an unstable exchange rate, especially one that experiences a sharp depreciation, can have financial crisis implications. This research approach was associative/quantitative research. The data used in this study are secondary data taken and processed from Bank Indonesia (BI) and the Central Statistics Agency (CSA) from 2013-2023 (11 years). Based on the results of regression analysis shows that the variable money supply, exchange rates, and interest rates simultaneously affect the inflation variable. Based on the results of regression analysis shows that the variable money supply has a positive and significant effect on inflation. Based on the results of regression analysis, the exchange rate variable has a negative and significant effect on inflation. Based on the regression analysis, the interest rate variable has no statistical effect on inflation.

An examination of the variables affecting rice output and farmers' income levels serves as the driving force behind this study. One of the settlements where people live and work is this one. Using multiple linear regression methods and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), the study aims to ascertain and assess the effects of fertilizer use, capital, productivity, land, distribution, price, demand, and consumption on farmers' income levels. One hundred farmers served as the sample size. Questionnaires were sent in order to gather data, and SPSS version 24.0 was used for data processing. According to the findings of experiments conducted using hypothesis testing, farmer income is significantly impacted by the factors of production, consumption, land, and prices. Next, the variables Farmer income is not significantly impacted by fertilizer use, demand, distribution, or capital. Four factors are suitable to influence income, according to the research's findings. The first component, productivity, has a value of 0.912; the second, consumption, has a value of 0.764; the third, land, has a value of 0.848; and the fourth, price, has a value of 0.864. The Rotated component matrix value indicates that there are eight factors. The government must work to inspire and excite the people to boost the wealth of farmers in Sei Rotan village, and it is hoped that farmers would keep increasing the productivity of their rice output.

This study analyzes the relationship between price and Universitas Gadjah Mada students in choosing residential accommodations. This study uses correlation methods with the independent variables such as discount, parking area, internet facilities, building quality, and cleanliness and also the dependent variable in the form price. Data refers to primary data from a survey in the form of a questionnaire. The research results show that all variables have an influence on prices and students' decisions in choosing residential preferences. This study also shows that the size of the parking area is the most influential variable on the preferences of Universitas Gadjah Mada students in choosing residential accommodations, where a large parking area increases interest and housing prices. Apart from that, building quality, environmental cleanliness, internet facilities, and discounts also have a significant influence, because they support students' economic, social, and emotional needs, as well as contributing to their comfort and quality of life.

Lubuk Karet Village has great potential in rubber production. However, the rubber sales process is often faced with various obstacles, such as difficulty in determining the right price and lack of transparency in transactions. This study is an analytical study using a qualitative approach. The aim is to analyze and design a prototype of a rubber sales application. This study uses questionnaires and interviews as the main data to answer research questions. The output of this study is the identification of problems and concerns of farmers related to how to calculate market prices, difficulties in recording transaction history, and minimal transparency of information regarding selling prices in the wider market. Then the second finding is regarding the prototype design of a prospective rubber sales application which will later be further developed by researchers. From the results of the analysis in this study, it is hoped that there will be further development of the application with farmer data entry features, rubber price calculations, and transaction tracking. It is hoped that this application can provide convenience for farmers in selling their crops, increase farmers' income, and provide transparent information regarding market prices. In addition, this application can also be a promotional media for local rubber products.

Non-oil and gas exports play a crucial role in Indonesia's economy, particularly due to their more stable and increasing contributions compared to oil and gas exports, which are vulnerable to fluctuations in global oil prices. This research aims to: 1) determine the comparative advantage of Indonesia's mangosteen, mango, and guava exports in the international market; 2) assess the competitive advantage of these exports; and 3) evaluate the level of trade specialization in Indonesia's mangosteen, mango, and guava exports in the international market. The data used in this study is secondary data related to the exports of mangosteen, mango, and guava from Indonesia during the period of 2013-2023. The data analysis techniques employed include descriptive analysis and quantitative analysis using the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) approach, Export Competitiveness Index (ECI), and Specialization Index (ISP). The results indicate that Indonesia has a strong comparative advantage in the international market, a strong competitive advantage, and is positioned as a leading exporter of mangosteen, mango, and guava.

In the world of investment, there is a strong correlation between risk and return. An investor must be aware of the risks that arise and the expected rate of return. The rate represents the risk of betting on a particular stock; if the rate for the stock is marginal, it also represents the risk for the stock. The purpose of the reverse listing is to determine the effect of Stock Prices on Stock Returns. Reverse listing is a type of associative listing that uses a quantitative approach. The data used in the reverse listing is the latest stock price obtained from the official website of the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX). The population in the reverse listing is all companies listed on the LQ 45 Index from January 2022 to December 2022, totaling around 83 companies. The sample of the initial release is based on the criteria that have been set and used by approximately 10 companies. The initial release was carried out on all companies listed in the LQ 45 Index from January 2022 to December 2022, totaling approximately 83 companies. The initial release sample is based on the criteria that have been set and used by approximately 10 companies.

Examining how tax avoidance, company size, and financial performance affect stock values is the aim of this study. A thorough analysis of the 2021-2023 financial statements of infrastructure companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) was conducted in order to support this study. Employing a purposive sampling methodology, the sample for this research comprised 22 infrastructure firms.Every selected entity that serves as a research sample provides the secondary data used in this study through its financial statement. To elucidate financial performance, this research utilized the following variables: Current Ratio (X1a), Debt-to-equity Ratio (X1b), Total Asset Turnover (X1c), Return on Equity (X1d), Price-earnings Ratio (X1e), and Company Size (X2) as the second independent variable, alongside Tax Avoidance (X3) as the third independent variable. The research methodology employed in this study was the panel data regression approach, utilizing the E-views 12 software to facilitate the analysis of the research outcomes. The result of the research suggest that the Random Effect Model (REM) constitutes the most efficacious analytical framework. Furthermore, the findings of the study reveal that, while the other variables did not exert an influence on stock price, both the Return-on-equity Ratio (X1d) and Company Size (X2) significantly impacted stock price.  

The chicken cartel in Indonesia that was exposed in 2016 has become a major issue affecting market structure and corporate competition. This strategy involves 12 large companies collaborating to control the availability and price of chicken by limiting chicken production (parent stock). Using a descriptive approach and normative legal research methods, this study examines how the cartel affects market structure, corporate competitiveness, and consumer welfare. This study reveals that the chicken cartel encourages oligopolistic conditions that are detrimental to small producers, consumers, and the economy as a whole. Large companies dominate the market, causing consumers to pay unfair prices, while small farmers lose their competitiveness.