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This study explores the implementation of an electronic Human Resource Management System (e-SDM) in the Gubeng sub-district of Surabaya to optimize civil servant (PNS) leave management. The primary focus is on assessing how digitalization improves efficiency, transparency, accountability, and service quality in human resource administration, particularly in leave processing. Traditionally, manual procedures required 7-14 days to approve leave requests, involved multiple steps, manual calculations, and were prone to errors, delays, and lack of transparency. The introduction of the e-SDM system significantly reduces processing time to approximately one day, enabling online submission, real-time monitoring, and electronic approval accessible anytime and anywhere via smartphones. The system automatically calculates leaves balances and prevents over-application, ensuring data accuracy and reducing misuse. Besides operational efficiency, the system enhances transparency by providing accessible real-time status updates, creating an audit trail for each decision, and making the process auditable and accountable. Despite these advantages, challenges such as user resistance, digital literacy, infrastructure issues, and system integration remain. This research employs descriptive-analytical methods, combining interviews, observations, and documentation, to analyze the effectiveness of e-SDM implementation. The findings indicate that digitalization has streamlined leave management, minimized administrative burdens, and improved data accuracy. Moreover, it fosters a fairer and more transparent work environment, reinforcing good governance principles and supporting Surabaya's vision to become a smart city. The research underscores the importance of technological adaptation within bureaucratic reforms and offers strategic recommendations for further system improvements. Overall, the successful adoption of e-SDM in Gubeng serves as a model for digital transformation in public service delivery, contributing to more efficient, transparent, and accountable governance in local government institutions.

This research explores how people use assertive speech acts in the comment section of a YouTube video titled “Democratic Candidates Debate: Education,” which was uploaded by ABC News. A qualitative method with content analysis is employed to examine how users share their thoughts, express agreement or disagreement, and participate in online discussions through assertive language. The data were collected from selected comments posted between 2019 and 2020, particularly those reacting to the candidates’ views on education. The analysis applies Searle’s speech act theory, focusing on seven types of assertive speech acts: claiming, stating, reporting, describing, informing, complaining, and concluding. A total of 24 assertive utterances were identified, with the following distribution: claiming (11), reporting (3), complaining (4), stating (2), informing (2), describing (1), and concluding (1). Among these, "claiming" appeared most frequently, indicating that many users shared strong opinions or support, especially for Andrew Yang’s stance on education. Overall, the findings suggest that YouTube serves not only as a platform for viewing content but also as a space where people actively engage in discussions, express their beliefs, and respond to public issues through language.  

This study aims to analyze the marketing strategy implemented by the Ngurah Rai Taxi Transportation Cooperative in responding to competition in the transportation industry in the digital era. Unlike application-based transportation companies, Ngurah Rai Taxi is a local transportation service provider that does not use a booking application, but instead relies on direct marketing activities at Ngurah Rai International Airport and the use of social media as a marketing communication tool. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation. The research informants consist of an operational manager, field staff, a social media administrator, and taxi drivers. The findings indicate that the marketing strategy of Ngurah Rai Taxi emphasizes personal interaction, trust, and its image as an official airport taxi. Analysis using the AIDA model shows that consumer attention and interest are built through physical presence in the airport arrival area and direct communication, while desire and action are influenced by factors such as safety, fare certainty, and service comfort. This study confirms that direct service-based marketing strategies remain relevant and competitive within the context of Bali’s tourism market.

Customer satisfaction and loyalty are central issues in marketing management, as both play crucial roles in ensuring business sustainability amid increasing competition. Satisfied customers tend to make repeat purchases, provide positive recommendations, and build long-term relationships with the company. Therefore, understanding the factors that influence customer satisfaction and loyalty has become an important agenda for both academics and practitioners. This study aims to address two main questions: (1) What factors influence customer satisfaction? and (2) How does satisfaction contribute to the formation of customer loyalty? The method used is a literature review, selecting articles from various online databases such as ResearchGate, Academia, and open-access journals using the keywords customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. Of the 45 identified articles, 20 were selected for in-depth analysis. The review results reveal three main trends: first, service and product quality are the most consistent determinants of satisfaction; second, price, promotion, and brand image play significant roles; and third, customer trust is an essential variable that strengthens the satisfaction–loyalty relationship. Overall, satisfaction functions as the main mediating variable in the formation of customer loyalty.

This research aims to design and build a web-based New Student Admission Information System (PPDB) at Marawang State Elementary School. This system was developed as a solution to improve efficiency, transparency, and accuracy in the process of admitting new students. By utilizing web-based technology, prospective students and parents can register online, upload required documents, and monitor registration status in real-time. The school has the convenience of verifying data, managing information, and generating admission reports automatically. Data security is an important aspect of this system, so it is designed with personal information protection features to maintain the confidentiality of students. The system development method is carried out through a web-based approach that allows flexible access from a variety of devices. The results of the study show that the web-based PPDB system is able to speed up the administration process, reduce manual errors, and increase user satisfaction. The implementation of this system not only provides benefits for Marawang State Elementary School, but can also be used as a model for other schools in adopting a similar information system. Thus, the web-based PPDB system contributes to the modernization of basic education management and supports the creation of more effective and transparent educational services.

This study aims to determine (1) the forms of legal protection that exist in Indonesia in protecting children from negative visual and verbal content in online games, and (2) the legal responsibility of online game electronic system organizers for exposure to negative visual and verbal content in children. The type of research used is normative juridical with a statutory and conceptual approach. The data used are secondary data obtained through document studies, with qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. The results of the study show that legal protection for children from negative visual and verbal impacts in online games is regulated through various regulations, including Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection, Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions, Government Regulation Number 71 of 2019 concerning the Implementation of Electronic Systems and Transactions, and Regulation of the Minister of Communication and Information Technology Number 5 of 2021 and Number 2 of 2024. However, its implementation still faces obstacles such as weak age verification, non-objective independent classification, and easily circumvented language filtering. The legal responsibility of online game electronic system organizers for negative visual and verbal content on children can result in administrative or criminal sanctions, according to the Child Protection Law and iRegulation of ithe Minister iof Communication and Information Technology Number 5 of 2021.

Customer Loyalty is critically influenced by several factors, including Service Quality, Customer Trust, and Price.1 This study aims to analyze the partial and simultaneous influence of Service Quality (X_1), Customer Trust (X_2), and Price (X_3) on Customer Loyalty (Y) toward Maxim online transportation services in Semarang City.1 Utilizing a quantitative associative method, data were collected from a sample of 100 Maxim users (N=100) via incidental sampling and analyzed using multiple linear regression (SPSS).1 The analysis confirmed that all three independent variables positively and significantly influence Customer Loyalty (all t_{hitung} > 1.98498).1 Service Quality (X_1) was determined to be the most dominant factor (\beta = 0.400, t=4.500), highlighting that driver performance, service assurance, and responsiveness are the primary drivers of long-term loyalty., 10 The overall regression model demonstrated a strong explanatory power, with an estimated Adjusted R^2 of 0.650, indicating that 65.0\% of the variation in Customer Loyalty is explained by these three factors. Managerial implications suggest focusing resources on continuous service improvement and maintaining high integrity (Trust) to convert consumer satisfaction into sustainable loyalty.

The rapid advancement of digital technology requires teachers to serve not only as educators but also as digital role models for their students. This study aims to analyze the teacher’s role in instilling digital ethics and responsibility among Generation Z, as well as to identify effective strategies in shaping students’ digital character. A qualitative approach with a case study method was employed in several secondary schools in Lampung Province. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, and analyzed descriptively through data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that teachers play a central role in fostering digital ethics awareness through exemplary behavior, ethical communication, and digital responsibility habituation within the school environment. Teachers’ consistency in using social media, managing information, and engaging ethically in online interactions significantly influences students’ digital behavior. This study highlights the need to strengthen teachers’ digital literacy capacity based on moral and spiritual values. The implications suggest that educational policies should integrate the teacher’s role as a digital role model into the broader strategy for developing ethical and responsible digital citizens in the era of technological transformation.

The implementation of online zakat payments by BAZNAS Jambi Province faced several challenges, including suboptimal use of the Simba application due to system errors. Additionally, there was a lack of public trust in online zakat payments, insufficient public literacy on the matter, and inadequate socialization and education from BAZNAS Jambi regarding the online payment process. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collection via interviews. To optimize digital zakat management, BAZNAS Jambi implemented a strategy involving both their website and the SIMBA system, offering two digital payment options: transfers and QRIS codes. They also pursued partnerships with companies and promoted zakat payments through social media platforms such as YouTube, TikTok, Facebook, Google Ads, Meta Ads, as well as TVRI and RRI television. However, there were challenges, including human resource limitations at BAZNAS Jambi, which resulted in delays when verifying factual data. Additionally, high IT operational costs limited the effectiveness of SIMBA and the website. The coordination issues, including both functional and institutional coordination, were also identified as significant problems. To address these challenges, BAZNAS Jambi has been working on solutions such as community education, socializing zakat management with the public and local government agencies (OPDs), and improving internal coordination.         

This study aims to describe the role of Catholic religion teachers in instilling a multicultural spirit through Catholic Religious Education at SMP Katolik 2 W.R. Soepratman Barong Tongkok. The research was motivated by the urgent need to promote multicultural awareness in Catholic schools, especially in response to persistent issues of discrimination and exclusion among students. These challenges highlight the importance of Catholic religion teachers as character builders who foster inclusive and peaceful coexistence within a diverse school community. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach using method triangulation. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with teachers and the principal, classroom observations, document analysis, and online questionnaires to students as supplementary data. Data analysis followed the Miles and Huberman model, involving data reduction, display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that Catholic religion teachers go beyond teaching doctrinal content; they also act as educators, facilitators, mentors, and promoters of multicultural values. These roles are manifested in learning strategies such as Biblical reflections, group discussions, drama projects, and anti-discrimination classroom agreements. This study emphasizes that Catholic Religious Education plays a vital role in shaping students’ awareness and attitudes toward multiculturalism. Catholic religion teachers hold a strategic position in guiding students to become inclusive, open-minded individuals who are capable of living harmoniously in a pluralistic society.  

, it has driven very significant changes to the marketing and sales strategies of various companies in the business sector. One of the influential innovations is the implementation of e-commerce (electronic commerce), which allows the buying and selling transaction process to be carried out online through the internet network. E-commerce is not only a means to sell products, but it also plays an important role in expanding market reach, increasing the effectiveness of promotions, and strengthening the relationship between companies and consumers. This study aims to analyze the application of e-commerce as a strategy to increase product sales at PT Daehsan Indonesia Medan Branch. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation of management and distributors involved in the company's digital marketing activities. In addition, this study also reviews the supporting factors and obstacles that arise during the implementation of e-commerce, so that it can provide a comprehensive picture of the extent to which the use of digital platforms affects the increase in sales volume, the expansion of market reach, and the level of customer satisfaction.

This study examines the influence of digital marketing strategies, including Content Marketing, Influencer Marketing, and Community Marketing, on Brand Awareness within the e-sports industry. Alongside the rapid growth of the e-sports sector both globally and in Indonesia, effective digital marketing has become essential for brands to enhance visibility and audience engagement. Employing a quantitative research design, data were collected through an online questionnaire distributed to 200 respondents and analyzed using SmartPLS version 4.1.1.2. The analysis results show that the research model achieved an Adjusted R-Square value of 0.752, indicating that the independent variables were able to explain 75.2% of the variance in Brand Awareness. The findings further reveal that Content Marketing, Influencer Marketing, and Community Marketing all have a significant positive effect on Brand Awareness, underscoring their critical role in shaping consumer perception and engagement. These results highlight the importance of integrated digital marketing strategies in building strong brand recognition, fostering community interaction, and enhancing consumer loyalty in the highly competitive e-sports landscape. By leveraging these strategies, companies can not only strengthen their market position but also create deeper relationships with e-sports fans. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on digital marketing within the creative economy and offers practical insights for marketers seeking to develop targeted and effective promotional strategies in the dynamic e-sports environment.

, it has driven very significant changes to the marketing and sales strategies of various companies in the business sector. One of the influential innovations is the implementation of e-commerce (electronic commerce), which allows the buying and selling transaction process to be carried out online through the internet network. E-commerce is not only a means to sell products, but it also plays an important role in expanding market reach, increasing the effectiveness of promotions, and strengthening the relationship between companies and consumers. This study aims to analyze the application of e-commerce as a strategy to increase product sales at PT Daehsan Indonesia Medan Branch. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation of management and distributors involved in the company's digital marketing activities. In addition, this study also reviews the supporting factors and obstacles that arise during the implementation of e-commerce, so that it can provide a comprehensive picture of the extent to which the use of digital platforms affects the increase in sales volume, the expansion of market reach, and the level of customer satisfaction.

The rapid growth of online paylater services has raised concerns about their impact on students’ financial behavior, particularly given the increasing prevalence of consumptive lifestyles and limited financial literacy. This study investigates the influence of Lifestyle (X1) and Financial Literacy (X2) on the use of online paylater systems (Z) and their implications for Spending Behavior (Y) among students of the Faculty of Economics and Business at Dian Nuswantoro University. The study population consisted of 2,100 students from the 2021 and 2022 cohorts, with a sample of 117 respondents determined using the Slovin formula. The sample was selected purposively based on the criteria of being 18–24 years old and active users of paylater services. Primary data were collected through an online questionnaire employing a 5-point Likert scale and analyzed using SmartPLS 3.2 with the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) technique. The results reveal that Lifestyle has a significant positive effect on both Spending Behavior and Paylater use, while Paylater use itself also positively influences Spending Behavior. In contrast, Financial Literacy shows no significant effect and does not mediate the relationships. The novelty of this study lies in integrating Lifestyle, Financial Literacy, Paylater adoption, and Spending Behavior into a single explanatory model, thereby offering new insights into the financial decision-making patterns of Generation Z students in the context of digital financial services.

This study aims to determine the effect of advertising and promotion on consumer purchasing decisions at Lazada online store. The type of research used is causal quantitative with the study conducted in Bogor City over six months (December 2019–May 2020). The population of this research is all Lazada consumers in Bogor, with an unknown total number, while the sample was taken using accidental sampling technique with 100 respondents. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results show that: (1) partially, advertising has a significant effect on purchasing decisions (tcount 7.423 > ttable 1.984; sig. 0.000 < 0.05), while promotion has no significant effect (tcount 1.718 < ttable 1.981; sig. 0.089 > 0.05); (2) simultaneously, advertising and promotion have a significant effect on purchasing decisions (Fcount 27.791 > Ftable 2.696; sig. 0.000 < 0.05); (3) the adjusted R² value is 0.351, indicating that 35.1% of purchasing decisions are influenced by advertising and promotion, while the remaining 64.9% are influenced by other factors not examined; (4) the most dominant variable is advertising, with a regression coefficient of 0.594.

The development of the digital economy has driven major changes in consumer behavior, from traditional transactions to online interactions. These changes present both challenges and opportunities for businesses, particularly in the e-commerce sector, where consumer trust, data privacy, and digital technology adoption are important factors in decision-making. This study aims to map global trends in online consumer behavior research in the context of the digital economy using bibliometric analysis. Data was collected from the Scopus database using the keyword “online consumer behavior” for the period 2020-2025. The dataset was exported in CSV format and analyzed using VOSviewer and R Studio (Biblioshiny). The analysis included annual publication trends, identification of authors, journals, countries, as well as keyword mapping and citation networks. The results show a significant increase in publications after 2020, with China, the United States, and India as the main contributors. Keyword mapping reveals four research clusters: consumer trust and data privacy, e-commerce and digital platform adoption, consumer experience and personalization, and social commerce and social media influence. These findings confirm a growing research focus on issues of digital trust and opportunities for utilizing new technologies such as artificial intelligence and social media. This study provides a comprehensive overview of global trends in online consumer behavior and an important contribution to academics, practitioners, and policymakers.

This study aims to determine the influence of brand awareness, brand association, and brand loyalty associated with brand equity on consumer purchase decisions in using GO-JEK services in Depok City. These three variables were analyzed both partially and simultaneously to identify the degree of their influence on consumers' decisions in choosing online transportation services. The research method used is a quantitative approach with the distribution of questionnaires as a data collection instrument, while the analysis is carried out using inferential statistical techniques. The results show that partially the variables of brand association and brand loyalty have a significant and dominant influence on purchasing decisions. This indicates that consumers' perception of the image and emotional connection with the GO-JEK brand plays an important role in the decision to choose the service. In addition, the results of the simultaneous test showed that brand awareness, brand association, and brand loyalty together had a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions. These findings confirm that strong brand equity is an important factor in increasing consumer interest and preference for GO-JEK services. Therefore, companies need to maintain and strengthen branding strategies to increase competitiveness and maintain customer loyalty.

Administrative services for civil servants (ASN) play a crucial role in ensuring the rights and obligations of government employees. One of these services is the submission process for the Wife Card (KARIS) and Husband Card (KARSU), which serve as official proof of marital status for civil servants. At the BKPSDM of Sumba Barat Daya, the current submission process for KARIS and KARSU is still carried out manually by filling out paper forms and attaching physical documents. This manual method is time-consuming, prone to data errors, and complicates the monitoring process. Therefore, this study aims to develop a digital information system to simplify the submission, verification, and issuance process of KARIS and KARSU online. This research applies a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the Waterfall model, consisting of requirement analysis, system design, implementation, testing, and evaluation stages. The system is developed using the Python (Streamlit) programming framework and a SQLite3 database, designed to be easily accessible to both ASN users and BKPSDM officers through local networks or the internet. The results show that the developed system successfully reduces processing time by up to 60%, improves data accuracy by 90%, and significantly decreases the use of physical documents. The implementation of this digital information system makes the KARIS and KARSU administrative service more efficient, transparent, and accountable, supporting the ongoing digital transformation within the local government of Sumba Barat Daya Regency.

The rapid development of technology encourages the change in crime patterns from conventional to digital through the use of electronic devices. This phenomenon makes many individuals and groups use technology not only for positive purposes, but also to gain financial gain illegally. Instagram as one of the most popular social media applications has also become a space for digital crime practices, especially through the creation of fake accounts. Fake accounts are used for various harmful acts such as online fraud, the spread of fake news, the use of identities or photos without permission, acts of bullying and negative comments that trigger conflicts, to the spread of pornographic content. This research aims to identify the forms of fake account practices on Instagram, analyze the causative factors, and evaluate the application of applicable laws, especially Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions. The research method used is empirical legal research with a qualitative approach. The data was collected through interviews with investigators from the Directorate of Criminal Investigation of the Metro Jaya Police, academics, and civil society organizations (CSO). The results of the study show that the practice of fake accounts still often occurs due to low digital literacy, weak supervision from platforms, and not optimal law enforcement. Although Article 35 jo Article 51 paragraph (1) of the ITE Law has regulated the prohibition of data and identity manipulation, its implementation still faces a number of obstacles from aspects of legal substance, enforcement structure, and community legal culture. This study recommends the need for collaboration between the government and social media platforms in limiting the creation of fake accounts, improving people's digital literacy, and reformulating legal rules that are clearer and more adaptive to the dynamics of digital crime. These efforts are needed so that the protection of social media users is optimal and able to create a safe digital space.

This study investigates the influence of Brand Image, Product Quality, and the use of Social Media on consumers’ purchasing decisions to Wardah facial cream. Using a quantitative method with purposive sampling technique, this study involved 120 Wardah product users in the West Semarang area. Data were collected through an online questionnaire and processed using SmartPLS 4.0. The results indicate that product quality and social media usage have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, whereas brand image shows a positive but insignificant effect. This suggests that consumers tend to prioritize tangible attributes such as product quality and active engagement through social media over brand perception The model explains 75.2% of the variance in purchasing decisions (Adjusted R² = 0.752), highlighting the strong explanatory power of the variables examined. Practically, the findings suggest that marketers should prioritize product quality and optimize social media campaigns to boost customer engagement and loyalty, while reassessing brand perception strategies.