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Service-based leadership is a leadership approach that prioritizes devotion to others as the center of a leader's function. In the Christian view, this model is rooted in the example set by Jesus Christ who came to serve, not to be served (Mark 10:45). The concept of servant leadership emphasizes values such as simplicity, love, sacrifice, and moral responsibility towards those being led. This study aims to explore how servant leadership influences and shapes the formulation of vision and mission in the context of Christian organizations or ministries. Vision and mission not only function as strategic guidelines, but also reflect the calling and obedience to God's will. A Christian leader who adopts the principle of servant leadership will create a vision that focuses on the common good, spiritual growth, and empowerment of community members. Meanwhile, the mission is designed to manifest the love of Christ in real terms through actions and programs that have a broad impact. In this context, sensitivity to the leadership of the Holy Spirit, integrity in leadership, and the ability to motivate and support the development of others are needed. This study concludes that servant leadership from a Christian perspective not only functions well in organizations, but also strengthens the spirituality and unity of the body of Christ. Therefore, the formulation of the vision and mission resulting from the principle of serving not only reflects the direction, but also becomes a testimony of faith that lives in the community. Thus, servant leadership becomes a strong foundation in building a Christian organization that is relevant, impactful, and oriented towards the values of the kingdom of God, and is able to answer the challenges of the times with love, exemplary behavior, and sincere devotion and glorify God in service.

Millennials and Generation Z have made coffee shops a part of their lifestyle. Unlike previous generations, who spent more time at malls. In response to the changing consumer behavior of these different generations, digital marketing strategies have become an effective approach for businesses, including those in the coffee industry. This study aims to analyze Fore Coffee's digital marketing strategies in attracting Millennial and Gen Z consumers. The research was conducted using a descriptive qualitative approach. The research data was sourced from observations of Fore Coffee's digital marketing activities on various social media platforms, as well as in-depth interviews with consumers from the Millennial and Gen Z generations. The results of the study indicate that the digital marketing strategies implemented by Fore Coffee have proven to be an effective approach in attracting attention and building engagement with Millennial and Gen Z consumers. The success of these strategies is supported by the utilization of various digital marketing elements, including the presentation of engaging and interactive content, collaborations with influencers who have credibility in the coffee industry, and the use of video as the primary medium for marketing communication. The Tani Series campaign, which highlights sustainability and the involvement of local coffee farmers, is a concrete example of how Fore Coffee builds a brand image that not only sells products but also has strong social value. Additionally, the collaboration with Mikael Jasin, a professionally recognized barista at the international level, further strengthens Fore Coffee's trust and appeal among young consumers. This study suggests that Fore Coffee should continue to innovate in creating content that is not only engaging but also has strong differentiating value. Furthermore, the dynamic changes in consumption trends and customer preferences demand that Fore Coffee be more responsive in adapting its marketing strategies to remain relevant to the needs and expectations of Millennial and Generation Z consumers.

This study examines the contextual interpretation method developed by Abdullah Saeed, a progressive Muslim scholar who embraces a modern approach to understanding the Qur'an. This approach was created in response to textual interpretation methods in understanding the meaning of Qur'anic verses. Saeed emphasizes the importance of understanding revelation in its social and historical context so that Islamic teachings remain relevant to the times. One of the main concepts in this interpretation method is the hierarchy of values, which distinguishes between immutable and mutable teachings. This research uses a qualitative approach with a focus on literature, analyzing the works of Abdullah Saeed and previous research. The results of the research show that Saeed's Contextual Exegesis method is able to provide a more flexible understanding of the Qur'anic text, especially in verses related to law and ethics. One example of its application is the interpretation of the verse on the hijab in QS. Al-Ahzab: 59, where Saeed emphasizes that the command to wear the hijab has a specific social context that must be understood before being applied in modern life. This approach has broad implications for contemporary Islamic studies, particularly in addressing various social and legal challenges. However, this method has also faced criticism from conservative circles who argue that contextualization may obscure the original meaning of the Qur'an. Therefore, further research is still needed to explore its application in various aspects of Islamic life.

Instilling a Christian leadership spirit since adolescence can have a very important influence on the Christian environment or life both in non-Christian environments Christian leadership can also shape a person’s individual character and instill Christian values in the surrounding environment, thus providing a good example for fellow christians both in non-Christian enviroments Christians leadership is not only about how potential leaders can lead others but must also be able to lead themselves in today’s digital era this article discusses the improtance of instilling a christian leadership spirit since adolescence in the current digital era through a holistic approach, so that each individual can lead themselves before leading others and can provide Khristian values in everyday life the method used in this study is a literature study that examines literature in the process of colleting opinions from various literature analyses of other sources that are in accordanc with the topic of research of study from the study show that instilling a Christian leadership spirit can be applied through our spiritual actibities, our spiritual awakening such as prayer, worship or other fellowship in conclusion, instilling a Christians leadership since adolescence in the current digital era can help someone to shape their character and can bring themselves to be an example of Christ for their environment.

Strategic analysis is the process of conducting research, collecting information, and conducting scientific analyses of that information in the business environment in which the organization operates and identifying the internal and external environmental factors of the organization in order to formulate the required and appropriate strategy. There are different methods of strategic analysis to determine and evaluate the organization's outputs, for example, or to determine the characteristics of the organization's strategic position or to determine long-term goals or to strengthen the organization's competitiveness, as it helps the organization to predict the future, etc.  The importance of the research lies in highlighting that choosing the correct or required strategy, with a presentation of how to formulate and present appropriate strategies in private organizations, which is done through strategic analysis of all environmental conditions and the importance of implementing them by adopting strategic tools, techniques and methods in order to achieve the desired strategy while taking into account an environment full of major technological, scientific and economic changes in the market and economy. One of the most important results reached by the research is that the strategic analysis of the organization helps in defining and modifying its message and objectives and helps in developing and improving its performance. Therefore, it is one of the most important recommendations that organizations must adhere to when they want to choose future and new strategies. The research concluded that the strategic analysis of the organization is necessary in choosing future or new strategies.

A valid agreement creates a contract that gives rise to rights and obligations between the parties, and if one party does not fulfill its obligations, it can be declared to be in default. Default can be interpreted as the failure to fulfill or negligent in carrying out obligations as stipulated in the agreement made by the creditor and debtor. One example of a case of default regarding debts involving the Deputy Regent of Sidoarjo, Subandi, who borrowed IDR 1 billion from Darmiati Tansilong. The Supreme Court rejected Subandi's appeal (Decision No. 1609/K/Pdt/2022) and stated that he was in default. The Supreme Court's decision emphasized that the default committed by Subandi poses a risk in the form of debt repayment, paying profit sharing for property business development and the total interest that has been promised.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate how well interactive learning materials can raise elementary school pupils' motivation and interest in learning. Animation films, instructional games, and simulations are examples of interactive learning materials that offer students a familiar, dynamic, and developmentally appropriate learning experience. Using a qualitative approach and a literature review strategy, the study examined material from a range of pertinent sources, including books, journals, and research reports. According to the study's findings, students who actively interact with interactive media can become more involved in the learning process. Additionally, it offers instant feedback, which increases self-confidence, helps pupils understand their progress, and fortifies their enthusiasm to learn.

This study aims to determine the effect of understanding inclusive education on the readiness to teach children with special needs (ABK) in prospective Indonesian language teachers. The research method used is quantitative research with an associative approach, using a questionnaire instrument to measure the level of understanding of inclusive education and readiness to teach ABK. The results of the study indicate that there is a significant relationship between understanding of inclusive education and readiness to teach ABK in prospective Indonesian language teachers. A comprehensive understanding of inclusive education is an important foundation in improving the pedagogical, professional, personality, and social competencies of prospective teachers. However, the survey results show that the ability to plan lessons, readiness to teach, and readiness to create ABK-friendly learning tools are still relatively low. The main challenges faced by prospective teachers are the lack of practical experience, the lack of examples of inclusive open materials, and the continuing stigma against ABK. Therefore, a strategy is needed to improve the understanding of inclusive education through curriculum integration, field experience, and the development of inclusive teaching materials so that the readiness to teach ABK in prospective Indonesian language teachers can be optimally increased.

This study aims to analyze students' difficulties in understanding algebraic concepts in the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum. This type of research uses a descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques include interviews, questionnaires, and three written tests. Based on the results of interviews and questionnaires conducted by teachers with the school principal and mathematics teachers, the school has implemented the Merdeka Curriculum despite limitations in resources. The Merdeka Curriculum contributes to teachers in terms of teaching modules and freedom in creativity in learning, although training is still needed. The results of the student questionnaire indicate that the majority of students have difficulty understanding algebra, especially in identifying variables, but the majority of students feel that classroom learning is interactive and enjoyable. Most students feel helped by the example questions provided by the teacher. The written test results show that students have difficulty with the use of positive and negative signs, coefficients, constants, algebraic operations, and determining variable values. This indicates that the majority of students have not yet achieved mastery of the algebra material. It can be concluded that the implementation of the independent curriculum at SMP IT Az-Zahira Khatulistiwa supports teachers in the algebra learning process through the use of teaching modules, but students still struggle to understand algebraic concepts due to the limited use of educational media, which is constrained by the school's facilities.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the psychological dynamics of the character Keke in the novel Surat Kecil Untuk Tuhan using the literary psychology approach developed by Sigmund Freud. The main focus of this study lies in the main aspects of personality possessed by humans that have been stated in the psychoanalytic theory approach of Sigmund Freud. These three approaches include the idea of ego and super ego, which in it represent the basic structure in the development of human personality. The results of this analysis indicate that the character Keke has a strong ID which is reflected through the instinctive drive to survive and avoid the suffering that comes from the cancer he has. The aspect of the elder brother's ego is seen from his rational attitude in facing the reality of life, such as in his decision to continue going to school and undergoing chemotherapy for his recovery. While the last aspect, namely the super ego, is stated to be more prominent than other aspects, the super ego aspect possessed by Keke stands out in the form of moral toughness, religious values and social responsibility, for example when he tells his family not to be sad and not to sacrifice all his wealth for the treatment of his illness. These three aspects of personality interact with each other and form a balanced personality between each other even though they are in a bad condition. Through the psychoanalytic approach of Sigmund Freud, the character of Keke in the novel Surat Kecil untuk Tuhan, the character of Keke is stated as a character who can inspire and has very high moral values. The analysis of this novel also proves that the psychoanalytic theory owned by Sigmund Freud is very effective in exploring the inner depths of a character and can understand the emotional and spiritual complexity in dealing with the suffering felt by a character in his story.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be a transformational tool in Christian Religious Education in the digital era. Technological advancements bring significant changes to the way we learn and teach, including religious education, which demands innovative methods to remain relevant to the younger generation increasingly connected to technology. AI offers various opportunities to enrich the learning experience and deepen the understanding of Christian values through a more personal and interactive approach. This article discusses several AI applications in Christian religious education, such as virtual assistants for spiritual guidance, in-depth Bible text analysis, and adaptive learning platforms that can tailor materials to the needs of learners. With AI technology, Christian religious education can provide more interactive and responsive modules, allowing learners to delve into religious teachings both individually and in groups. Additionally, the use of AI in analyzing learning behavior allows for more effective curriculum personalization according to the spiritual needs of each individual. This approach can address the challenge of maintaining the relevance of religious values amidst the rapid influx of digital information. This article also examines the potential of AI in aiding faith development, for example through spiritual reflection applications tailored to the user's spiritual growth. This transformation is expected to prepare a generation of Christians who are not only technologically savvy but also spiritually strong, and empowered to face moral and ethical challenges in the future. Thus, AI-based Christian Religious Education can be a pathway to building a relevant and dynamic spiritual future in the digital era.

This research stems from the fact that some students need support to understand the benefits of appropriate social media use, which affects their social behavior in the school environment. This will impact students' social behavior at a higher level, which should be more enjoyable as social media is more often used for entertainment rather than learning purposes. The benefits of using social media, such as improving student understanding, depend on how effectively each student utilizes it. However, it also has its downsides; for example, if students and teenagers are not properly supervised, they can be easily influenced by the negative side of social media use. This study will show the impact of social media on students' social behavior at a higher level.

Dangke is a local food product with high nutritional value that has become an inseparable part of the culture and economy of the community. It is made from traditional cheese typical of Enrekang Regency. Despite having great potential as a superior regional product, Dangke micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) face various obstacles, especially regarding short product durability (expiration date), simple packaging, lack of product innovation, and less than optimal marketing reach. Therefore, strengthening branding and optimizing marketing is crucial to increasing the competitiveness and desirability of Dangke MSMEs. This community service aims to analyze existing conditions, formulate, and implement strategies to strengthen Dangke product branding. The implementation methods include initial surveys, SWOT analysis training, comprehensive training and education on branding (brand identity, visual design), as well as implementation assistance and evaluation of travel impacts. Participatory and community-based approaches are at the heart of this activity. The results of the community service are expected to increase Dangke brand awareness, encourage innovation of derivative products (for example, dangke crackers with innovative flavors and packaging), expand distribution channels (including digital marketing), and ultimately increase sales and income of Dangke MSMEs. This program also has the potential to strengthen the local economy, preserve cultural heritage, and become a model for developing traditional food products in other areas.

Today's cafe interiors are not only required to be comfortable, but must also have a strong visual appeal. Aesthetics and function are two important aspects that complement each other in creating a space that supports social interaction and reflects the character of the cafe itself. This study examines how design elements such as color, lighting, materials, and spatial arrangement can shape the visitor experience without ignoring the main function of the room. Using a descriptive qualitative method, this study explores examples of cafe interior designs in Indonesia that have successfully combined aesthetic values and functional needs. From the results of the analysis, it can be seen that the success of a cafe in attracting customers is greatly influenced by the balance between an attractive visual appearance and the comfort of using the space. These findings are expected to be a reference for designers and cafe owners in creating a functional space that also has strong visual characteristics.

Local fashion brands in Indonesia are gaining popularity due to their affordable prices and competitive quality compared to imported products. One successful example is Arkline, a local fashion brand that effectively uses digital marketing, particularly TikTok, to reach its target market. This study aims to analyze Arkline’s sales growth strategy using a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected through digital observations and official online sources. The findings reveal that TikTok is a highly effective platform for engaging Generation Z, who prefer visual, interactive, and authentic content. Arkline’s strategy includes creating trend-based videos, using TikTok Live for real-time interactions, and collaborating with influencers who have large followings. These methods help increase brand awareness, strengthen customer engagement, and drive purchasing decisions. Additionally, the TikTok Shop feature enables seamless in-app transactions, which boosts conversion rates. Overall, TikTok serves as a powerful tool for Arkline to build stronger relationships with consumers, expand its market reach, and stay competitive in the fashion industry. With the right digital marketing strategy and adaptability to current trends, local brands like Arkline can fully leverage TikTok’s potential as an effective platform in today’s digital era.

This article examines theoretically about visionary leadership starting from the definition, benefits, weaknesses, and biblical views on visionary leadership. This research uses a library research approach. Visionary leaders are able to formulate a vision of the future, inspire commitment, and lead innovative change. The benefits include encouraging innovation and adaptive culture, but there is a risk of dependence and lack of attention to short-term needs. From a Christian perspective, visionary leadership stems from a relationship with God, where vision is divine revelation manifested through prayer and obedience. Biblical figures such as Nehemiah, Joshua, and Moses are examples of visionary leaders who combine faith and strategy. In conclusion, effective visionary leadership must balance strategic and spiritual vision for the success of the organization and community.

Character Education, especially in terms of discipline, is a major concern in the learning process that occurs in schools. The role of teachers is not only limited to teaching, but also includes being role models, motivators, and mentors who can build a disciplined atmosphere among students. This study adopted a qualitative approach with data collection methods including observation, interviews, and documentation. The research findings indicate that the culture of discipline in madrasas is greatly influenced by the implementation of strict rules, the provision of rewards and punishments, and the persuasive approach and role models from teachers. In addition, there are supporting factors such as the existence of madrasa regulations and good examples from teachers, as well as inhibiting factors such as environmental influences and the use of gadgets. In conclusion, the development of a culture of discipline in madrasas requires cooperation between teachers, students, and the environment, as well as the right strategy to create a conducive and disciplined learning atmosphere.

A discussion on Islamic morality and ethics is the purpose of this paper. We see many modern generations paying little attention to how to apply morality in their daily lives. Morals and ethics are human behaviours in daily life that have been instilled. Morals come from the Qur'an and the Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad and include what is good, bad, right, and wrong in one's actions. Meanwhile, ethics come from the culture and customs of the local community. In this paper, the author discusses the meaning of morals and ethics, human relationships with God, humans, and nature. Protest is a legitimate form of expression in a democratic society. In Islam, protest is also recognised as the right of everyone to voice injustice and bias. However, protests must also be carried out with ethics that are in accordance with Islamic teachings. The ethics of protest can be explained in the hadith, namely: Protests must be carried out peacefully and not violate the law. This is in accordance with the hadith of the Prophet Muhammad SAW, "Whoever sees an evil should change it with his hand. If he is unable, then with his tongue. If he is unable, then with his heart. And that is the weakest faith." (HR Muslim). In this Hadith, the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) teaches that protests should be done in stages, starting with the lightest action, namely giving a direct response. If you are unable to do so, then you can protest verbally, for example by expressing your opinion or criticism through the media. If that is no longer possible, then protest can be done in the heart, i.e. still rejecting evil, but not taking actions that can lead to violence or riots. Protest must be based on truth and justice. This is in accordance with the hadith of the Prophet Muhammad (saw), "Indeed, Allah is true and loves truth." (Narrated by Bukhari) In this hadith, the Prophet Muhammad (saw) affirms that protest must be based on truth and justice. This means that protest must be done because of real injustice, not because of personal or group interests.

When Islamic philosophy is discussed, it is imagined that there are several figures who are called Muslim philosophers such as Al-Kindi, Ibn Sina, Al-Farabi, Ibn Rushd, Al-Ghazali, and so on. The presence of these figures is indeed unavoidable, because from them we can get to know Islamic philosophy, but also because in them the seeds of Islamic philosophy were developed. (Daulay & Dahlan, 2021) Sufism in Islam goes through various phases and conditions. In each phase and condition that it goes through, only some aspects are contained. Regarding the moral aspect, in the Qur'an there are many verses that encourage asceticism, patience, surrender to Allah, willingness, love, faith, simple living, and everything that is required of every Muslim as the perfection of faith. The Qur'an itself states that the Messenger of Allah is the best role model for those who want to perfect themselves with these virtues in their most noble form (alTaftazani, 2003, pp. 10-11). The thoughts of Sufi figures in the study of Sufism are very diverse in form and each Sufi has different characteristics even though the estuary is the same, namely towards al-Haq (Allah swt.). For example, Ibn Arabi with his concept of wahdat al-wujud, al-Halaj with the concept of hulul, Rabiah al-Adawiyah with the concept of mahabbah and many more.

The case of Postponement of Debt Payment Obligations (PKPU) of PT Sentul City Tbk is one example of the complexity of dispute resolution between corporations and creditors. The PKPU application was filed by PT Prakasaguna Ciptapratama on January 7, 2021 at the Central Jakarta Commercial Court on the grounds that there was a debt due that had not been paid. Although the peace plan had been approved by the majority of creditors and ratified by the court on March 15, 2021, some consumers who felt aggrieved filed for a Judicial .Review (PK). They based their lawsuit on the postponement of the signing of the Deed of Sale and Purchase (AJB) which had lasted for more than 15 years. This study aims to analyze the legal aspects, financial implications, and social impacts of this case, including an evaluation of the PKPU mechanism in resolving debt disputes in Indonesia.