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The subject of corpse care is one of the important competencies in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) at the senior high school level, which is obligatory (fardhu kifayah). However, the complexity of the material and the presence of psychological barriers often make students less interested or feel afraid. This study aims to analyze in-depth the perceptions of SMA YATPI Godong students regarding the importance of corpse care, the factors that influence these perceptions, and the urgency of this competency as a provision for social life. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach supported by simple quantitative data percentages. The subjects were 35 grade XI students, selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection was carried out through participant observation, questionnaire distribution, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data analysis followed an interactive model that includes data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the majority of students (82.8%) had a very positive perception of the urgency of this material and were aware of its socio-cultural responsibility. The main factors influencing students' perceptions included the demonstration method using mannequins implemented by teachers, internal religiosity values, and the encouragement of societal expectations. These skills are considered essential not only for fulfilling academic obligations but also as a form of student readiness to engage and contribute significantly to their social environment in the event of grief.

This study examines the historical development of education in Malaysia, which has undergone a shift from the traditional pondok system to modern religious schools. This change was influenced by various factors, including social dynamics, colonial influence, and societal demands for a more structured and relevant education system. This study aims to explain this development process and identify the various factors driving this change. The research employed a qualitative approach through literature review, utilizing various sources, books, journals, and scientific documents, which were analyzed descriptively to gain a deeper understanding. The results show that the pondok system, which was initially informal and simple, even focusing only on teaching religious knowledge and moral development, underwent changes due to the influence of colonialism, the development of Western education, and the increasing societal need for formal education. This change gave rise to modern madrasahs and religious schools with more structured curricula, integrating religious and general knowledge, and implementing more systematic methods. The findings of this study confirm that this development did not completely eliminate the pondok system, but rather developed it into a more comprehensive educational system, enabling Islamic education in Malaysia to remain steadfast in Islamic values ​​and adapt to modern demands.

This study aims to determine the effect of price and service quality on customer satisfaction at Nusa Bunga Salon Maumere. The research employed a quantitative approach using descriptive and verificative methods. The independent variables in this study were price (X1) and service quality (X2), while the dependent variable was customer satisfaction (Y). The population consisted of all customers of Nusa Bunga Salon Maumere who visited and utilized salon services during 2025, totaling 1,392 customers. A sample of 100 respondents was determined using the Slovin formula and purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, documentation, and literature studies. Data analysis was conducted using validity tests, reliability tests, descriptive analysis, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, coefficient of determination (R²), F-test, and t-test with the assistance of SPSS version 23. The results showed that, partially, price had a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, with a t-value of 2.803 and a significance value of 0.004. Service quality also had a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, with a t-value of 3.336 and a significance value of 0.001. Simultaneously, price and service quality had a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, with an F-value of 6.733 and a significance value of 0.002. The coefficient of determination indicated that price and service quality contributed 12.2% to customer satisfaction, while the remaining 87.8% was influenced by other factors outside the scope of this study. Based on these findings, it is recommended that Nusa Bunga Salon Maumere continuously improve its service quality and maintain affordable pricing to enhance customer satisfaction.

This study examines the phenomenon of cyberbullying against people with disabilities in the comment column of the TikTok platform through a forensic linguistic perspective. The focus of the research is directed at the form of speech used by the perpetrator in carrying out verbal attacks. The research method uses a qualitative descriptive approach based on John Searle's speech action theory. Data was collected from comments that contained indications of cyberbullying and analyzed based on speech categories. The results showed that cyberbullying was dominated by assertive (22 findings) and expressive (14 data) speech, with the category of insults as the main instrument of verbal attack. The dominance of assertive speech and expressive insults proves that the perpetrator consciously uses statements to demean people with disabilities, either through derogatory jokes or with explicit intent to insult. These findings confirm that language in the digital space not only serves as a means of communication, but can also be an instrument of symbolic violence that impacts the dignity of the individual. This research is expected to contribute to the development of forensic linguistic studies and become the basis for efforts to prevent and handle cyberbullying against vulnerable groups on social media.

Unemployment remains a serious challenge in Aceh, with an Open Unemployment Rate (OUR) of 8.24% (2025) in Lhokseumawe City and 6.54% (2025) in Banda Aceh City. This study compares the implementation and effectiveness of unemployment alleviation policies in the two cities using Van Meter and Van Horn's policy implementation framework with four effectiveness indicators: training absorption, job placement rate, corporate compliance, and community participation. A descriptive qualitative method with a literature study approach was employed, utilizing secondary data from journals, theses, and official documents. The findings show that Banda Aceh focuses on competency-based training through the Job Training Center (BLK) with certification and third-party partnerships. Lhokseumawe prioritizes Qanun Number 1 of 2020 on local labor priority (minimum 40%). Based on the indicators, Banda Aceh is more effective (55% of graduates employed) compared to Lhokseumawe, where local labor priority implementation is weak due to the absence of sanctions and non-existent coordination with PT. PAG. The novelty of this study lies in its systematic comparison of two Acehnese cities using a policy implementation model that integrates demographic bonus and local context. Specific recommendations: Banda Aceh needs to expand BLK capacity, extend training duration (9–12 months with internships), and mandate graduate absorption reports. Lhokseumawe needs to revise the qanun by adding administrative sanctions, recruit permanent instructors, establish a tripartite supervisory team, and establish an energy-sector BLK in the Arun area in collaboration with PT PAG.

This study is motivated by the importance of understanding theology not merely as a theoretical concept, but as a reflection of faith that is lived within the cultural context of society. In the context of the Dayak community in Central Kalimantan, there is a close relationship between cultural values and spiritual life, thus requiring a theological approach that can bridge the two. This study aims to analyze the praxis model in contextual theology and its application in the life of the Dayak community. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach through literature study by examining various relevant sources. The results show that the praxis model emphasizes the relationship between lived experience, faith reflection, and concrete action. Cultural values such as togetherness and mutual cooperation are in line with Christian teachings; however, there are also traditional practices that create tension with faith. The church plays an important role in addressing this through a dialogical and reflective approach. The implications of this study indicate that the application of the praxis model enables believers to live out their faith in a contextual, relevant, and transformative way in daily life without losing their cultural identity.Top of Form

The purpose of this study is to investigate how Islamic Religious Education (PAI) instructors at Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah (MDT) Nurhidayatullah perceive incentive strategies as boosting student learning motivation. The poor learning motivation of students at non-formal Islamic educational institutions serves as the study's backdrop. Teachers must use a variety of tactics, including rewarding students. In this study, descriptive approaches are combined with a qualitative approach. Participant observation, documentation studies, and in-depth interviews were used to gather data. Purposive sampling was used to choose five PAI instructors from MDT Nurhidayatullah to serve as study informants. The Miles and Huberman approach, which covers data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions/verification, was used to analyze the data. The study's conclusions showed that instructors see incentive systems favorably and believe they are a useful tactic for boosting students' interest in and engagement with PAI learning. Verbal compliments, award stickers, extra credits, little presents, and public acknowledgment in front of the class are some of the prizes that are offered. Teachers believe that rewarding children may boost their intrinsic motivation, boost their self-esteem, improve the classroom environment, and promote healthy competition among students. However, teachers also identify several challenges, including the potential for students to become dependent on rewards, the need for fairness in reward distribution, and budget limitations. The implication of this research suggests that the reward method should be implemented systematically with clear criteria and gradually directed toward building students' intrinsic motivation in learning Islamic religious education.

This study aims to examine the methods, models, strategies, as well as the design and development of the Christian Religious Education curriculum within the family. The research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive type through library research, using data sources such as books, scientific journals, and relevant articles. The results of this study indicate that faith education in the family should be carried out holistically through various methods such as modeling, habituation, teaching, and mentoring. In addition, educational models such as the theocentric, relational, and participatory models provide clear direction in nurturing children’s faith. Effective strategies include modeling, dialogical communication, spiritual habituation, mentoring, and discipline based on love. Meanwhile, a simple family-based curriculum that includes objectives, materials, methods, media, and evaluation is essential to support a well-directed educational process. The success of Christian Religious Education in the family largely depends on the active role and consistency of parents in implementing methods, models, strategies, and curriculum in an integrated manner. With the right approach, the family can become an effective center of faith education in shaping children who are faithful, have strong character, and are prepared to face life’s challenges.

The rapid transformation of education driven by globalization and technological advancement demands adaptive learning approaches that align with the characteristics of Generation Z learners. This generation is known for its curiosity, independence in thinking, and openness to diverse perspectives, yet it is also vulnerable to misinformation and negative online influences. Within the context of Islamic education, learning is not solely oriented toward cognitive development but also emphasizes the cultivation of moral values, particularly tolerance. This study aims to explore how contextual teaching methods can contribute to fostering tolerant attitudes among Generation Z students in Islamic educational settings. The research employs a qualitative approach through library research, utilizing a descriptive-analytical framework. Data were collected from various sources, including academic journals, books, and previous studies related to contextual learning, multicultural education, and Generation Z characteristics. The data collection technique involved document analysis, followed by content analysis procedures such as data reduction, categorization, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that contextual learning effectively promotes tolerance by engaging students in discussion, problem-solving, reflection, and real-life experiences. The integration of multicultural values and the role of teachers as facilitators and role models further strengthen this process. However, challenges remain, including limited teacher understanding, the persistence of conventional methods, inadequate supporting facilities, and the influence of social media. Overall, contextual learning presents a relevant strategy for developing open-minded, balanced, and socially adaptive Generation Z learners.

This study aims to examine the components of the Christian Religious Education (CRE) curriculum in the family, its design and development, and its concrete implementation. The research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive design through library research, using data sources such as books, academic journals, and relevant articles. The data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative techniques to produce a systematic and in-depth description. The findings show that the CRE curriculum in the family consists of interconnected components, namely objectives, content, strategies, methods, and evaluation, which must be implemented in an integrated manner. Faith education in the family is carried out through methods such as role modeling, habituation, teaching, discussion, mentoring, and practical application. Effective strategies include parental role modeling, dialogical communication, and love-based discipline. The implementation of the curriculum is realized through concrete activities such as family prayer, family worship, Bible reading, and the application of Christian values in daily life. In conclusion, the success of Christian Religious Education in the family largely depends on the active role and consistency of parents in implementing the curriculum in a holistic and continuous manner. With the right approach, the family can become an effective center of faith education in shaping children who are faithful, character-driven, and prepared to face life’s challenges.

This research is motivated by the increasing urban activities in Mempawah Hilir District as a Regional Activity Center, which has led to high traffic movement at the intersection of Jl. Raden Kusno – Jl. A. Djaelani – Jl. Raden Sujarwo. The diversity of land use and the meeting of arterial and collector roads create potential traffic conflicts and accident risks. The installation of traffic lights is implemented as a traffic control measure; however, its effectiveness in improving safety and comfort needs further analysis. This study aims to assess traffic safety and comfort conditions after the implementation of traffic lights at the intersection. A quantitative approach was used with primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained through questionnaires on road users’ perceptions and field observations, while secondary data included traffic accident records from Mempawah Police and spatial development data from Google Earth Pro, Google Maps, Copernicus, and Google Colab. The analysis employed descriptive-comparative, spatial descriptive, and scoring methods. The results show that traffic lights implemented since August 2023 have reduced traffic accidents and improved safety conditions, although not yet optimal compared to the lowest accident rate in 2021. Increased land use activity and traffic volume influence this condition. User perceptions indicate improved comfort internally, but external factors such as road conditions and side obstacles still reduce comfort and safety.

The development of social media has brought significant changes in how individuals perceive themselves, especially among female university students who are in the stage of identity formation. Social media is not only used as a communication tool but also as a space that presents homogeneous beauty standards which can influence self-perception. This study aims to analyze the construction of beauty standards on social media and their impact on female students’ self-perception. The research uses a qualitative approach with a literature review method by analyzing 20  relevant academic articles published between 2020 and 2025. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive qualitative techniques, including data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results show that beauty standards on social media are constructed through repeated visual representations and reinforced by algorithmic systems, creating an idealized image of beauty. This condition encourages female students to engage in social comparison, leading to self-dissatisfaction and decreased self-confidence. However, these effects vary depending on individuals’ ability to filter and interpret information. This study highlights the importance of developing critical awareness in social media use to avoid being influenced by unrealistic beauty standards.

Background: Acute respiratory infection (ARI) remains a major public health concern, particularly in primary care settings. Lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns and physical activity are increasingly recognized as potential contributors to respiratory health. Objective: This study aimed to examine the association between dietary patterns, physical activity, and ARI among primary care patients in East Halmahera, Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a primary health care facility in East Halmahera, Indonesia, from January to February 2026, involving 106 respondents selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and medical records. Variables included sociodemographic characteristics, dietary patterns, physical activity, and ARI status. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The prevalence of ARI among respondents was 77.4%. Bivariate analysis showed that dietary patterns (p = 0.006) and physical activity (p = 0.015) were significantly associated with ARI. In contrast, age, gender, marital status, education level, employment status, smoking, and alcohol consumption were not significantly associated with ARI (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Dietary patterns and physical activity were significantly associated with ARI among primary care patients in East Halmahera. These findings highlight the importance of lifestyle-related factors in addressing respiratory infections at the primary care level.  

An abstranct is a brief summary of a research article, The development of Islamic banking in Indonesia has shown significant growth, particularly through the implementation of murabahah contracts in financing at Sharia Rural Banks (BPRS). Murabahah is one of the most widely used financing products due to its relatively simple mechanism and ease of understanding by the public. This study aims to analyze the implementation of murabahah contracts in financing at BPRS Alwadiah Tasikmalaya, including the stages of implementation, compliance with sharia principles, and the challenges encountered. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and documentation involving relevant parties at BPRS Alwadiah Tasikmalaya. The results indicate that the implementation of murabahah financing has been carried out systematically, starting from the financing application process, feasibility analysis, purchase of goods by the bank, execution of the contract, and installment payments. In general, the implementation is in accordance with sharia principles, such as price transparency and the absence of riba elements. However, several challenges remain, including the limited understanding of customers, the risk of delayed payments, and the use of wakalah contracts which require proper supervision to ensure compliance with sharia regulations. Overall, the implementation of murabahah financing at BPRS Alwadiah Tasikmalaya has been effectively carried out and is in accordance with sharia principles, although improvements are still needed in customer education and contract supervision.

. Digital transformation in public administration has become a strategic agenda in modern bureaucratic reform aimed at improving effectiveness, efficiency, transparency, and the quality of public services. This study aims to analyze the digital transformation of public administration through a comparative study between Indonesia and South Korea, particularly in the implementation of digital government. The research employs a qualitative method with a comparative study approach and is supported by library research through the collection of secondary data from scientific journals, international institutional reports, government policy documents, and relevant previous studies. Data analysis was conducted descriptively and comparatively using the approaches of Digital Era Governance (DEG), Institutional Theory, New Public Management (NPM), and Socio-Technical Systems Theory. The findings indicate that South Korea has successfully developed an integrated digital government through consistent national policies, strong data interoperability, high bureaucratic capacity, adaptive organizational culture, and equitable digital infrastructure development. Meanwhile, Indonesia is still in the transition stage from e-government to digital government and faces various challenges, such as inter-agency system fragmentation, low data interoperability, unequal digital infrastructure, limited civil servant competencies, and bureaucratic resistance to change. This study concludes that the success of digital transformation in public administration is determined more by institutional strength and bureaucratic reform than merely by technology adoption. Therefore, Indonesia needs to position digital transformation as a comprehensive state reform agenda in order to create a modern, responsive, and public service-oriented government.

Non-performing loans represent one of the risks faced by banks in their lending activities, particularly in housing loan (KPR) products. This study aims to analyze the procedures for resolving problematic housing loans and to identify the factors causing the decline in debtors’ repayment ability, as well as the obstacles encountered in the implementation of such procedures at PT Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero) Tbk, Tasikmalaya Branch Office. This research employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data were collected through direct observation and interviews with relevant parties within the bank. The results show that the procedures for resolving problematic loans are carried out through several stages, including submission of restructuring applications, document verification, analysis of the debtor’s repayment capacity, determination of restructuring schemes, approval, agreement signing, and post-restructuring monitoring. These procedures are supported by the application of the 3R concept, namely rescheduling, reconditioning, and restructuring, which are implemented flexibly according to the debtor’s condition. The findings also indicate that the decline in debtors’ repayment ability is mainly caused by decreased income, job loss, increased living expenses, and unstable economic conditions. In practice, several obstacles were identified, such as incomplete documentation, lack of debtor cooperation, and issues related to collateral ownership that has been transferred from the original debtor. Therefore, improved supervision, better communication, and stronger coordination between the bank and debtors are necessary to ensure the effectiveness of loan resolution procedures.

The waste problem in Indonesia has now reached a critical stage and has become an increasingly serious environmental issue. The ever-increasing volume of waste is not being managed effectively, leading to various negative impacts, particularly environmental pollution. This study aims to examine the state of waste management in Indonesia and its impact on water pollution from the perspective of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The method used is descriptive qualitative research through a literature review utilizing various sources such as journals, official reports, and legislation. The results indicate that the majority of waste originates from household activities, while management practices remain rudimentary, such as the “collect-transport-dispose” method and open dumping. This situation leads to waste accumulation, which contributes to water pollution, deteriorating environmental quality, and increased health risks for the community. Furthermore, suboptimal waste management also poses a challenge in achieving sustainable development goals, particularly regarding responsible consumption and access to clean water and sanitation. Therefore, improved efforts are needed through the application of the reduce, reuse, recycle (3R) principles, increased public awareness, and the active role of the government and the private sector in providing a sustainable waste management system. With the right measures, it is hoped that the waste problem in Indonesia can be reduced and the environment preserved.

Islamic religious education at the Madrasah Diniyah level often relies on passive, one-directional teaching methods that reduce madrasah student engagement and long-term retention. This community service study aimed to improve the quality of Fiqh instruction at Madrasah Diniyah Al-Ishlah Kalirejo, Pasuruan, by implementing kinesthetic games, Small Group Discussion (SGD), and visual teaching aids within the framework of Kitab Mabadi’ Fiqhiyyah. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed through four participatory observation sessions, with visual documentation serving as primary data. The program was implemented in four thematic meetings covering funeral prayer procedures, tayammum, hajj simulation (tawaf), and najis classification. Findings indicate that kinesthetic games effectively reduced affective barriers and increased student focus, while the SGD model with a 1:8 mentor-to-student ratio enabled precise procedural correction for motor-based worship practices. The use of concrete teaching aids successfully transformed abstract Fiqh concepts into tangible, memorable knowledge. This study concludes that the integration of active learning methods, small-group mentoring, and visual media within traditional Islamic education settings can significantly enhance student engagement and comprehension. These findings offer a replicable pedagogical model for Madrasah Diniyah educators seeking to modernize instruction while preserving classical curriculum integrity.

Digital transformation in higher education has created a new paradigm in instructional interACTION, especially in the use of synchronous learning platforms. This study evaluates the strategy of choosing learning media between Zoom Meeting, Google Meet dan Microsoft Teams using the ACTION framework (Access, Cost, Technology, Interactivity, Organization, Novelty). This study is set against the background of academic adjustment policies at UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, where lectures were moved to a full online format during the Ramadan period to support learning effectiveness and the solemnity of worship. The main focus of the research is to analyze the level of media inclusivity based on the burden of quota costs (cost) and the technological readiness of devices (technology) owned by students. The method used is a comparative study with a descriptive survey approach to active students. The results of the study are expected to provide recommendations for educators in choosing the most efficient and supportive platform for the economic and technical conditions of students in the digital transition period.

This study is motivated by the importance of preserving local wisdom amid the flow of modernization that influences community life, particularly in the tradition of Ramadan Sahur Patrol in Kademangan Village, Pagelaran District, Malang Regency. This research aims to describe the implementation of the sahur patrol, identify the local wisdom values embedded within it, and analyze community responses to the tradition. The method used is qualitative with a cultural anthropology approach and a descriptive research design. Data were collected through interviews and documentation involving purposively selected informants, including community leaders, patrol participants, and local government officials. Data analysis was conducted using an interactive model consisting of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results show that the sahur patrol is carried out in a structured manner by utilizing traditional musical instruments, involving cross-generational participation, and being integrated with the community’s religious activities. This tradition contains religious, social, educational, cultural, mutual cooperation, togetherness, and responsibility values. In addition, the community shows a highly positive response through active participation and support for the sustainability of the tradition. The implications of this study emphasize that the sahur patrol plays an important role as a medium for cultural preservation, strengthening social solidarity, and forming collective identity and character within the community.