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This research is motivated by the low learning outcomes of students caused by the lack of learning activities involving students, as the learning process is still centered on the teacher. This makes students less active in participating in learning. This study aims to describe the improvement in student learning outcomes in Pancasila and Citizenship Education learning using the Inquiry model assisted by audio-visual media in class IV of SDN 16 Padang Besi, Padang City. The type of research used is classroom action research (CAR) with qualitative and quantitative approaches, carried out in two cycles. The research procedure consists of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The data obtained are related to learning outcomes using the Inquiry model assisted by audio-visual media. Data collection techniques include observation, tests, and non-tests. The research subjects involved class teachers as observers, researchers as practitioners, and 26 class IV students. The results of the study show that: first, the cycle I teaching module obtained an average of 85.3% (B), increasing in cycle II to 95% (SB). Second, the implementation results of the teacher's learning aspects in cycle I reached 82% (B), increasing in cycle II to 96% (SB). Third, the implementation results of the students' learning aspects in cycle I were 82% (B), increasing to 96% (SB) in cycle II. Fourth, the average student learning outcomes in cycle I were 77 (C), increasing to 89 (B) in cycle II. Thus, it can be concluded that the Inquiry model can improve student learning outcomes in Pancasila and Citizenship Education learning.

Relational bullying is a form of bullying that often occurs in the school environment and has a significant impact on the psychological and academic aspects of students. This research aims to analyze the influence of relational bullying on students’ interest in learning at various levels of education. The research method used is literature review by reviewing 11 relevant national journals indexed by Google Scoler, DOAJ and Sinta, which were published between 2018 and 2024. The results of the study show that relational bullying generally appears in the form of exclusion, spreading gossip, manipulation of social relationships, indirect mockery, and seniority behavior. The impacts caused include a decrease in academic confidence, increased anxiety and depression, loss of study concentration, and low student motivation and participation in class. This condition implies a decrease in learning achievement and student involvement in school activities. Based on the findings, it is concluded that relational bullying has a significant negative effect on students’ interest in learning. Therefore, prevention efforts are needed through the establishment of a positive school climate, strengthening the value of empathy, and the provision of sustainable counseling services to create a safe learning environment and support the development of students.

This study aims to determine the role of Community Service Program (KKN) students in increasing interest in learning Islamic Religious Education (PAI) at the Al-Muttaqin Foundation MDTA. The background of this study stems from the low enthusiasm and motivation of students in participating in religious lessons, so that learning innovations are needed that can rekindle their enthusiasm for religious values. KKN students, as part of the implementation of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education, have a social responsibility to contribute directly to society, one of which is through educational activities. In its implementation, students apply various creative, interactive, and fun learning methods, such as educational games, group discussions, and role-model-based approaches that make students more active and motivated. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with observation, interview, and documentation techniques during the two-month activity. The results show that the presence of KKN students has a positive influence on increasing student interest in learning, seen from increased discipline, active participation, and curiosity about PAI materials. In addition to being teachers, students also play a role as moral guides who instill religious values ​​through positive behavior and habits.   

This article examines the development of students' digital competencies through the Merdeka Belajar – Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) Internship Program at the Regional Civil Service Agency (BKD) Office of Central Kalimantan Province. The MBKM policy aims to improve student competencies through flexible learning outside the campus, including internships that bridge the academic theory of the Islamic Education Management Study Program with workplace practices. The research method used a task-based participatory approach over a period of 4 months (July-November 2023), with intensive guidance from BKD staff and academic advisors, focusing on documenting routine activities, multimedia editing, and content production for social media. The results show that students successfully documented 12 morning assemblies, 8 morning exercises, and more than 15 BKD Head events, as well as educational content such as the “ASN Berakhlak” series published on Instagram @bkdprovkalteng, increasing the engagement rate through editing with Canva. The discussion emphasized the effectiveness of link and match in developing digital skills, creativity, and resilience, supported by relevant research references. The conclusion stated that this program was effective in preparing graduates for work, with recommendations for expanding digital ethics training and broader collaboration. This article contributes to the understanding of MBKM practices in local government agencies.

Students’ learning outcomes are influenced by various internal and external factors, one of which is learning motivation. This study aims to analyze the relationship between learning motivation and learning outcomes in the Creative Product and Entrepreneurship (PKK) subject among 11th-grade students at SMK Semen Padang. The research employed a quantitative approach with a correlational design. The population consisted of 47 students, all of whom were included as samples using the total sampling technique. Data on learning motivation were collected through a questionnaire, while learning outcomes were obtained from official school records. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics and the Pearson Product Moment correlation test. The results revealed a positive and significant relationship between learning motivation and learning outcomes (r = 0.547 > 0.288; p = 0.000 < 0.05), with a contribution of 29.9%. These findings indicate that the higher the students’ learning motivation, the better their academic performance. This study highlights the crucial role of motivation as a determinant of academic achievement and suggests that teachers should foster students’ learning enthusiasm through engaging and interactive teaching strategies.

This study aims to examine the impact of using the Quizizz application on students’ learning interest in the Information Technology subject at SMK Negeri 3 Salatiga. The research employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design, involving an experimental class that utilized Quizizz as a learning medium and a control class that used conventional teaching methods. Data on students’ learning interest were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using the Independent Sample T-Test to determine significant differences between the two groups. The findings revealed that students in the experimental class who learned through Quizizz achieved a mean score of 68.96, while those in the control class obtained a mean score of 57.30. The statistical analysis indicated a significant difference between the two groups, suggesting that the use of Quizizz had a positive and measurable effect on enhancing students’ learning interest. The interactive features of Quizizz, such as real-time feedback, gamification elements, and visual engagement, likely contributed to students’ higher motivation and active participation during the learning process. Based on these results, it can be concluded that Quizizz serves as an effective and engaging digital tool to increase students’ enthusiasm for learning Information Technology. It is therefore recommended that educators integrate Quizizz into classroom activities as a complementary interactive learning medium. Future research is encouraged to investigate the application of other digital platforms or compare the effectiveness of different gamified learning tools across various subjects and educational levels.

This study aims to determine whether there is an influence of teacher competence on students’ learning outcomes in Integrated Social Studies at SMP Negeri 9 Limboto, Gorontalo Regency. Teacher competence is a crucial factor in achieving successful learning, as competent teachers are able to manage the learning process effectively, attractively, and meaningfully for students. This research employed a quantitative approach with a total sample of 55 students selected proportionally. The instruments used were questionnaires designed to measure both teacher competence and students’ learning outcomes. Data were analyzed using a simple linear regression technique to examine the extent of the relationship between the two variables. The results of the analysis showed that teacher competence has a significant influence on students’ learning outcomes. The magnitude of the influence of teacher competence on learning outcomes was found to be 70.6%, while the remaining 29.4% was affected by other variables not examined in this study. These findings indicate that the higher the level of teacher competence, the better the students’ learning outcomes in Integrated Social Studies at SMP Negeri 9 Limboto. Therefore, improving teacher competence is essential in enhancing the quality of student learning outcomes.

SMAK Untung Suropati Krian is one of the institutions that wants to produce the students with computer skills, especially in the field of UI / UX. Students with basic UI / UX skills can be used as a provision for future work. The Training Activity on How to Easily Create UI / UX Designs for Beginners for SMAK Untung Suropati Krian Students has aim of providing basic UI / UX concepts to students, introducing the stages of creating UI / UX designs based on general methodologies, starting from making UI sketches to simple prototypes, increasing insight into the use of the Figma to design simple prototypes. In order to improve quality of students, 13 selected students were sent to take part in UI / UX training by learning about Crazy-8 Practice. All application design sketch ideas can be poured out at this stage within 5-8 minutes to produce 8 sketch forms. The Crazy-8 method is also considered the easiest method to start the UI / UX design process. The results of participant feedback showed that 95% of students gained new insights from this training and ease in learning the material provided, namely making Crazy-8 instantly.

This training activity aims to strengthen the work competency of vocational students in the hospitality industry, particularly in the restaurant service aspect. The training was held on May 23, 2025, at the Bina Darma Hotel, Palembang, involving students from the Hospitality and Culinary Arts Study Program at the Prasetiya Mandiri Polytechnic, Palembang. The methods used were experiential learning and industry-based training, which emphasize learning through direct experience in a real work environment and reflection on the practices carried out. During the training, students were actively involved in restaurant service activities, from welcoming guests and serving food and drinks, to implementing work ethics and professional communication. Evaluation results showed a significant improvement in the students' service skills, communication skills, and work attitudes. In addition to providing benefits to the students, this activity also provides benefits to the hotel in the form of additional staff support in service and potential long-term collaborations. Overall, this training is in line with the Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) policy that encourages project-based learning and industry partnerships, and has proven effective in increasing employability skills and strengthening the synergy between the world of vocational education and the world of work.

This training activity aims to strengthen the work competency of vocational students in the hospitality industry, particularly in the restaurant service aspect. The training was held on May 23, 2025, at the Bina Darma Hotel, Palembang, involving students from the Hospitality and Culinary Arts Study Program at the Prasetiya Mandiri Polytechnic, Palembang. The methods used were experiential learning and industry-based training, which emphasize learning through direct experience in a real work environment and reflection on the practices carried out. During the training, students were actively involved in restaurant service activities, from welcoming guests and serving food and drinks, to implementing work ethics and professional communication. Evaluation results showed a significant improvement in the students' service skills, communication skills, and work attitudes. In addition to providing benefits to the students, this activity also provides benefits to the hotel in the form of additional staff support in service and potential long-term collaborations. Overall, this training is in line with the Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) policy that encourages project-based learning and industry partnerships, and has proven effective in increasing employability skills and strengthening the synergy between the world of vocational education and the world of work.

The purpose of this study is to determine the influence between student learning motivation and gender on students' science process skills in physics learning. This study is included in the type of survey with a comparative design and uses a quantitative approach to analyze the relationship between variables. The population in this study is all grade IX students of SMP Negeri 4 Singkawang, data was taken using saturated sampling techniques. The instrument used in this study was a learning motivation questionnaire consisting of 22 statements and science process skills test questions consisting of 10 expanded multiple-choice questions. The data analysis technique used in this study is the two-way ANOVA Test. The results of the hypothesis test show that. (1) There is no difference in students' science process skills based on learning motivation in physics learning. (2) There is no difference in students' science process skills based on gender in physics learning. (3) There is an influence of student learning motivation and gender on students' science process skills in physics learning. With a sig value > 0.05 for hypotheses (1) and (2), while a sig value < 0.05 for hypothesis (3). From the explanation above, it can be concluded that individually, learning motivation and gender do not affect students' science process skills. But the combination of these two variables affects students' science process skills in physics learning.

The purpose of this study is to research how students' interest in learning about the digital age is influenced by digital media based on artificial intelligence (AI) at the Yogyakarta Administrative Management Academy (AMAYO) in Yogyakarta. Quantitative approaches are used in this research methodology. Purposive sampling strategies were utilized to get data from 75 pupils. The study tool was a questionnaire, and the data was evaluated using the validity test, reliability test, linear regression, T-test, F-test, and coefficient of determination (R²) in SPSS 26. This study suggests that digital media based on artificial intelligence (AI) has a favorable effect on students' interest in learning, with a regression coefficient of 0.920. Because the t-test yields a calculated t value of 57.031, which is greater than the t-table value of 1.666, H₀ is rejected and Ha is accepted. This suggests that students' interest in studying in the digital age at AMAYO Yogyakarta is significantly impacted by the use of digital media based on artificial intelligence (AI). The computed F value of 3252.522, which is higher than the F table of 3.97, indicates that the F-test also reveals results that need serious consideration. Additionally, the 97.8% coefficient of determination (R2) suggests that digital media based on artificial intelligence (AI) can affect students' motivation in learning, whereas 2.2% is influenced by other elements that are not within the purview of this study. According to the study's findings, AMAYO Yogyakarta students can boost their interest in learning in the digital age by utilizing digital media powered by artificial intelligence (AI).

This study aims to examine the application of behaviorism learning theory in enhancing student engagement in mathematics learning, particularly arithmetic sequences and series. The study was conducted at SMK Karya Serdang Lubuk Pakam with 24 tenth-grade students in a single meeting on September 17, 2025. The research team delivered the material, provided stimulus in the form of problems written on the board, and applied positive reinforcement by giving rewards to students who dared to and successfully answered. Data were collected through observation, field notes, and brief interviews. The results showed a significant increase in student engagement: more students volunteered to solve problems on the board, the classroom atmosphere became more lively, and participation in discussions improved. Although some students remained hesitant, the behaviorist strategy proved effective in enhancing motivation and engagement. These findings reinforce the theories of Thorndike, Pavlov, and Skinner, which emphasize the stimulus–response relationship and reinforcement as the basis of learning (Hamruni et al., 2021; Yusup, 2024).

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of accounting competence and computer operating skills on the learning outcomes of MYOB accounting computer subjects among students of SMK St. Gabriel Maumere. This research is a quantitative study using an associative strategy approach, in which the sampling technique applied is purposive sampling with a total sample of 59 respondents. The research data were collected by distributing questionnaires to the respondents. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression analysis with the assistance of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Statistics 25 software. The results of this study indicate that, partially, accounting competence has a significant effect on the learning outcomes of MYOB accounting computer subjects, and computer operating skills also have a significant effect on these learning outcomes among students of SMK St. Gabriel Maumere. Meanwhile, simultaneously, accounting competence and computer operating skills together have a significant effect on the learning outcomes of MYOB accounting computer subjects among students of SMK St. Gabriel Maumere.

This study focuses on the analysis of students' learning experiences through artificial volcanic eruption experiments in understanding the material of changes in the state of matter at MI Miftahul Ulum. The problem underlying this study is the difficulty students have in learning the abstract concept of changes in state, so a learning strategy based on real experiences is needed. The artificial volcanic eruption experiment was chosen because it is able to show the process of changes in the state of matter through simple chemical reactions in an interesting and easy-to-understand way. The method used is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The subjects of the study were fifth-grade students of MI Miftahul Ulum. Data were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation, then analyzed using the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study showed that the implementation of the artificial volcanic eruption experiment created a meaningful learning experience for students. Students appeared more enthusiastic, active, and easily grasped the concept of changes in the state of matter because they experienced the change process directly. In addition, this experiment also fostered students' curiosity, cooperation, and scientific attitudes in learning activities. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the artificial volcanic eruption experiment is an effective learning medium to strengthen the learning experience while improving students' understanding of the material of changes in the state of matter.

This study aims to analyze the negative impact of learning pressure on early childhood development at Raudhatul Athfal (RA) Mawadah Warahmah Medan. The background of this research is based on the increasing academic demands on early childhood, particularly in reading, writing, and arithmetic skills, which are often inconsistent with their developmental stages. The research employed a qualitative method with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation. The results show that learning pressure negatively affects several aspects of child development, such as causing learning stress, reducing intrinsic motivation, limiting creativity, and hindering social- emotional growth. These findings emphasize that early childhood education should focus on play-based approaches, exploration, and holistic potential development rather than solely on academic achievement. The contribution of this research is expected to provide valuable insights for teachers, parents, and educational institutions regarding the importance of reducing academic pressure and implementing learning methods aligned with the principles of early childhood education.

This study aims to analyze junior high school students’ mathematical reasoning abilities in terms of their levels of learning independence. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach involving three ninth-grade students from UPT SMP Negeri 5 Gresik, each representing high, medium, and low levels of learning independence. Data were collected through a self-regulated learning questionnaire, a mathematical reasoning test based on the topic of Systems of Linear Equations in Two Variables (SPLDV), and semi-structured interviews. Data analysis followed Miles and Huberman’s interactive model, consisting of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results revealed that students with high learning independence demonstrated strong reasoning skills across all seven indicators of mathematical reasoning (representing statements, making conjectures, performing manipulations, constructing proofs, drawing conclusions, verifying arguments, and identifying patterns). Students with medium learning independence fulfilled only some indicators, while those with low learning independence could only make simple conjectures without systematic reasoning. These findings highlight that learning independence plays a crucial role in developing mathematical reasoning, as it enables students to regulate their thinking processes, evaluate solutions, and correct errors. Teachers are encouraged to integrate learning strategies that foster self-regulation—such as the CORE and Flipped Classroom models—to enhance students’ mathematical reasoning skills.

Technological advances provide educators with the freedom to create quality learning that meets the needs and learning environment of students. A crucial aspect for teachers to consider in realizing effective learning is the use of interactive learning media tailored to the characteristics and needs of students. The use of digital technology to develop interactive learning media is a necessity in today's learning process. Training and mentoring for teachers in Malaka to develop interactive and innovative digital media is based on the need to improve their competency and skills in utilizing technology to develop learning media. This activity aims to improve teachers' competency and skills in utilizing technology to design engaging and interactive digital-based learning using Book Creator and QuizWhizzer. Monotonous learning activities, often based on lectures and group discussions, with the use of conventional learning media, tend to make students passive and easily bored, resulting in a lack of student interest in learning and a decline in the quality and outcomes of learning. Furthermore, technological developments demand increased competency, including in preparing engaging learning media. Therefore, through this training activity, teachers are provided with guidance and training in developing interactive learning media so that the resulting products can be directly used in the learning process. The developed media is designed to be interactive and engaging, thereby increasing student motivation. Furthermore, this activity also encourages teachers to be more creative and innovative in creating learning media that can attract student interest. The training activities ran smoothly and effectively, as evidenced by the high enthusiasm of teachers and the increase in knowledge and skills related to the training material. The mentoring results also showed an improvement in the quality of learning through active student interaction in learning with the help of digital learning media, which resulted in improved interest and learning outcomes.

This study aims to determine the contribution of the variables of Self-Motivation, Learning Discipline, and Parental Support both partially and simultaneously to student learning achievement in the Automotive Engineering expertise program at SMK Negeri 2 Pengasih. This type of research is included in quantitative correlational research with multiple regression analysis techniques. The entire population was sampled with a total of 104 grade XII students. Data collection used a closed questionnaire and student final exam results documents. The research instrument that has passed the validity and reliability test, then continued with the classical assumption test to ensure that the regression model meets the eligibility requirements. The results showed that the three independent variables contributed significantly to student automotive learning achievement with a value of F = 26.718. Simultaneously with a significance value of 0.000 (p <0.001) and an Adjusted R Square value of 0.428 which means the model is able to explain 42.8% of the variation in learning achievement. Partially, the Self-Motivation variable significantly (p<0.05) provides the largest contribution to student learning achievement with a t-value of 2.120 followed by Learning Discipline with a t-value of 1.992 and Parental Support with a t-value of 2.021. The magnitude of the real contribution of each variable, namely: Self-Motivation of 12.15%, Learning Discipline of 10.49%, and Parental Support of 10.24%. These results emphasize the importance of strengthening students' intrinsic motivation, habituating learning discipline, and active parental involvement to improve learning outcomes in vocational education.

This study aims to describe students’ mathematical critical thinking skills in terms of their learning styles based on the VARK model (Visual, Auditory, Reading/Writing, and Kinesthetic). The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach involving four seventh-grade students of SMP Negeri 9 Gresik, each representing one type of learning style. Data were collected through a learning style questionnaire, a mathematical critical thinking test based on Facione’s indicators, and in-depth interviews to strengthen the analysis. The results revealed that each learning style demonstrates distinct characteristics of critical thinking. Visual learners excelled in interpretation and self-regulation, auditory learners performed well in evaluation and verbal explanation, reading/writing learners showed strength in analysis and written reasoning, while kinesthetic learners were better in concrete activities but weaker in evaluation and inference. Overall, interpretation and analysis indicators were more dominant than evaluation and inference. These findings highlight the importance of implementing differentiated instruction aligned with students’ learning styles to foster optimal and comprehensive development of mathematical critical thinking skills.