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Adolescent mental health is an increasingly pressing issue, especially in educational settings. At SMP Negeri 5 Sumbawa Besar, many teenagers face mental health challenges, such as anxiety and depression, which can affect their well-being. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of peer group empowerment programs in improving adolescent mental health. Evaluation results showed a significant increase in students' knowledge about mental health after participating in the program, with more than 80% of students feeling more understanding about how to maintain mental health. In addition, this program successfully creates a supportive environment between peers that reduces feelings of loneliness and increases students' self-confidence. Thus, peer group empowerment has proven to be effective in improving the mental health of teenagers at SMP Negeri 5 Sumbawa Besar, as well as making a positive contribution to social dynamics at school. It is hoped that this program can become a model for other schools in efforts to promote adolescent mental health.

In order to encourage sustainable regional economic growth, the independence of community business groups is very important. The purpose of this initiative is to improve legal literacy, understanding of the partnership system, and independent business management in regional business associations. On November 11, 2024, 25 people participated in this activity for the Berkah Mendo Farmer Group in Banjarnegara Regency. The results of the implementation showed the effectiveness of legal counseling in increasing legal awareness of business actors, so that they were able to understand their rights and obligations in running a business. Partnership system assistance provides useful input in creating fair and sustainable business partnerships, and strengthens the theory of business collaboration that emphasizes the importance of equality and transparency. Theoretical reflection emphasizes that, in accordance with the principle of community empowerment, business organizations can be strengthened through an empowerment approach based on legal literacy and strategic partnership practices. In short, this initiative not only directly affects the independence of business groups but also serves as an example that can be used by other areas with comparable characteristics. It is hoped that by implementing these suggestions, an independent, competitive, and sustainable communal economic ecosystem will be formed.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Audio-Lingual Method (ALM) on students' pronunciation performance. Proper pronunciation is one of the important aspects in foreign language learning, especially English, which is often a challenge for students. This study was conducted using a quasi-experimental design, in which two different groups of students were given different treatments: one group was given instruction using the Audio-Lingual method, while the other group was given the conventional method. Data was collected through pronunciation tests conducted before and after the intervention. The results showed a significant improvement in the pronunciation performance of students who received treatment with the Audio-Lingual method compared to the control group. The findings support the hypothesis that the Audio-Lingual method is effective in improving students' pronunciation skills. This study makes an important contribution to language teaching, particularly in improving students' pronunciation skills through a more structured and repetitive approach.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of implementing the Government Food Reserve (CPP) program in supporting the food security of vulnerable families in Godog Village, Laren Subdistrict, Lamongan Regency. Since 2022, the CPP program has been designed to assist communities affected by food insecurity by providing food aid in the form of 10 kg rice packages. The study employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. The focus lies on analyzing the program’s implementation and the factors influencing its success, using Edward III’s theory, which includes four key elements: communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation involving beneficiaries, village officials, and aid distribution personnel. The findings indicate that the CPP program in Godog Village has significantly benefited vulnerable families by improving their food security but still faces several challenges. Good communication between the village government and the community, as well as the availability of resources, serve as the primary supporting factors for smooth aid distribution. Conversely, the main challenges arise from poor road infrastructure, which hampers aid distribution, and issues in updating the Beneficiary Family (KPM) data. The study recommends improving infrastructure and updating KPM data as strategic steps to enhance the program’s implementation effectiveness.

This article explores the communication language employed by Ustadzah Oki Setiana Dewi in her preaching activities. The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of the language in enhancing audience understanding and acceptance of preaching messages. The methodology involves a literature review with qualitative analysis of Ustadzah Oki’s sermons available on digital platforms. The findings reveal that Ustadzah Oki’s communication style is characterized by simplicity, friendliness, and empathy. These traits enable her preaching to be well-received by diverse groups, particularly the younger generation. Furthermore, Ustadzah Oki often uses inspiring stories and analogies closely related to everyday life, making it easier for the audience to grasp the messages. Her soft tone and choice of positive words also create a comforting and engaging atmosphere. This approach not only effectively conveys the message but also builds emotional connections with the audience. The study also highlights positive feedback from audiences, evident from various comments and responses on social media. Many feel motivated and inspired by her inclusive preaching style, which transcends social, age, and educational backgrounds. This article suggests that similar approaches should be widely adopted in preaching to ensure that religious messages are universally accessible. In conclusion, Ustadzah Oki’s friendly, simple, and empathetic communication approach significantly enhances the effectiveness of her preaching and strengthens emotional bonds with her audience. This model of communication is relevant in modern preaching contexts and serves as an inspiration for other preachers to integrate universal Islamic values with creative and heartfelt communication methods. Thus, preaching becomes not only a medium for conveying religious teachings but also a tool for fostering broader social harmony.

This qualitative literature review explores the signaling mechanisms and communication strategies that influence crowdfunding success in entrepreneurial fundraising. By examining the role of social proof, narrative framing, visual signals, and communication strategies, the review identifies key factors that enhance the effectiveness of crowdfunding campaigns. The findings highlight the importance of creating trust, emotional connections, and sustained engagement with backers through transparent and consistent communication. While signaling mechanisms such as social proof and compelling narratives have been shown to increase credibility, the review also emphasizes potential limitations, including cultural biases and resource constraints. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of how entrepreneurs can leverage communication strategies to maximize crowdfunding success and offers directions for future research on platform-specific and culturally diverse contexts.

Fraud in the government sector is a serious issue that can threaten the stability and efficiency of governance. This study aims to analyze the role of internal government auditors in mitigating fraud risk. The method used is a literature review with a qualitative descriptive approach, examining 10 relevant journals. The results indicate that internal auditors play a crucial role in detecting and preventing fraud by thoroughly examining internal control weaknesses and utilizing modern technology such as Whistleblowing Systems. The effectiveness of internal audits is supported by strong leadership and high awareness of fraud risks, as well as appropriate structural reform policies. The study concludes that effective internal auditing is essential in enhancing transparency and accountability and recommends the need for comparative analysis across regions to evaluate the diversity of internal audit practices. Additionally, further research is needed to explore the impact of information technology and Whistleblowing Systems in fraud prevention, as well as the role of leadership and organizational culture in supporting the internal audit function.

This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) learning model in improving students' understanding of mathematical concepts. The method used in this research is a literature study by analyzing various relevant literature sources. The results of this research show that the RME learning model can improve students' understanding of mathematical concepts by linking learning material to real life situations, increasing student involvement in the learning process, and encouraging students to think critically and creatively. 

This study aims to test the effectiveness of deep learning-based contextual learning strategies  in improving the ability of SMK Profta Bandung students to analyze negotiation texts. Deep learning-based learning  focuses on deep understanding, active student engagement, and the development of critical thinking skills in real-life relevant learning contexts. The research method used is Classroom Action Research (PTK) which involves two cycles, with the stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subject of the study was grade X AKL students of SMK Profita Bandung with a total of 30 students. Data was collected through text analysis tests, observation of student activities, and interviews. The results of the study show that the application of deep learning-based contextual learning strategies  is able to significantly improve students' understanding of the structure and content of negotiation texts. In the first cycle, the average student score reached 72, increasing to 85 in the second cycle. In addition, student involvement in learning also increased, indicated by active participation in discussions and collaborative task completion. This study concludes that the deep learning-based contextual learning approach  is effective in improving the negotiation text analysis ability of vocational school students. This approach also builds critical thinking skills and the relevance of learning to students' real-life experiences.

Colic abdomen is abdominal pain that comes and goes, originating from organs within the abdomen, and is usually caused by infections in those organs. The clinical symptoms of colic abdomen include abdominal cramps, distension, vomiting, and pain when the abdomen is pressed. The pain associated with colic abdomen reduces focus on the surrounding environment due to the attention being centered on the pain and decreases the quality of life due to the discomfort experienced. Therefore, proper management is crucial, particularly through pain management. To gather scientific evidence on the effectiveness of implementing dzikir therapy in reducing pain levels in patients with colic abdomen. A literature study was conducted using databases such as Google Scholar, Garuda, and PubMed with article publications from 2019 to 2025. The literature search strategy involved keywords relevant to the topic and research title, using standard Boolean operators "AND" and "OR." The keywords used included: "Non-Pharmacology Therapy" OR "Spiritually" AND "Acute Pain" OR "Colic Abdomen" AND "Emergency." The analysis resulted in 5 articles discussing the application of non-pharmacological therapy, specifically dzikir therapy, which can be performed on patients experiencing pain. These studies have demonstrated positive effects in reducing pain in patients suffering from abdominal pain.

The interest rate in the Iraqi economy represents an active and important element in the management of monetary policy in the Iraqi economy, as it is used by the monetary authority represented by the Central Bank of Iraq to influence the money supply, as well as the impact of this also by allocating the available resources for savings among foreign investments to achieve the central goal of the monetary authority of achieving stability in prices such as the interest rate and various prices and values of investments together and thus achieve balance at the economic and financial levels. This research analyzes the relationship between interest rate changes (IRC) and foreign direct investment (FDI) in the Iraqi economy during the period from (2004-2023). Multiple analytical tools were used, including descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, time series analysis, and prediction models using ARIMA and Prophet. The results showed an association between the two variables under consideration, with the ability of the ARIMA and Prophet models to provide accurate forecasts of future   FDI trends. A quantitative methodology that includes descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, time series models, and forecasting tools has been adopted to clarify the relationship between the two variables and draw conclusions that support economic decision-making.

This study aims to analyze the implications of learning theories in the learning process of students of the Islamic Guidance and Counseling study program. Learning theories such as behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism, and humanism provide different but complementary frameworks in supporting the formation of student competencies. The results of the study indicate that the application of learning theories appropriately can increase the effectiveness of learning through integrated methods, such as case-based discussions, counseling simulations, and spiritual reflection. This study recommends the development of a curriculum that is more adaptive to student needs and a pedagogical approach that combines Islamic values ​​with modern learning theories. Thus, students are able to internalize Islamic values ​​while applying practical skills in guidance and counseling.

This study examines the important role of internal communication in enhancing employee engagement within the context of corporate communication. Effective internal communication is crucial for fostering a positive organizational culture, ensuring smooth operations, and building trust between management and employees. Using the Two-Way Symmetrical Model by Grunig and Hunt, this paper emphasizes the importance of reciprocal communication in creating open, transparent, and inclusive communication channels that encourage engagement and collaboration. The study employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method, relying on literature analysis. The findings indicate that organizations face significant challenges in managing communication across generations in the workforce. Differences in communication preferences, generational values, and technological barriers are factors that impact the effectiveness of internal communication. To address these challenges, appropriate communication strategies need to be implemented. This study proposes several strategies, such as multichannel communication, digital literacy training, message customization, and participative leadership. These strategies can enhance employee engagement, strengthen internal communication, and contribute to the long-term success of the organization.

This study aims to analyze the role of corporate communication in building and maintaining a positive image of PT Paragon Technology and Innovation (Paragon), one of the largest cosmetic manufacturers in Indonesia. The focus of this study is to understand how internal and external communication strategies, including media relations, digital communication, and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs, are implemented effectively to strengthen the company's reputation in the eyes of stakeholders. The research method used is a literature study with a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected from various secondary sources, such as official company documents, scientific journals, mass media articles, and Paragon's official digital platforms. The results of the study indicate that corporate communication at Paragon plays a significant role in creating a positive company image. The implementation of internal communication based on company values, such as innovation and care, has succeeded in increasing employee loyalty. Structured media relations and digital communication strategies expand the company's positive exposure, while CSR programs that focus on education, health, women's empowerment, and the environment strengthen Paragon's relationship with the community. Regular evaluation of communication strategies ensures the effectiveness of the programs implemented.

This research examines the effectiveness of mentoring through writing letters to oneself in changing the mindset and premarital sexual behavior of adolescents. The subjects consisted of 60 students from two public universities in Bukittinggi. The research employed a quantitative method, specifically an experiment with a one-group pretest-posttest design. Adolescents wrote letters containing plans and commitments related to healthy sexual behavior. Data were collected through pretest and posttest questionnaires using a premarital sexual behavior scale. Paired Samples T-Test analysis results showed a significant difference between the mindset and premarital sexual behavior scores before and after the intervention (t = 14.061, df = 28, p < .001). These findings indicate that mentoring through writing letters to oneself is effective in changing the mindset and premarital sexual behavior of adolescents.

This community service aimed to enhance the digital literacy of Muslim community leaders (Takmir Masjid) in Klaten Utara, Indonesia, to improve the effectiveness of da'wah communication. The training program focused on equipping participants with the knowledge and skills to utilize digital platforms for religious outreach. The program covered various topics, including creating engaging content, utilizing social media effectively, and understanding digital ethics. Participants learned to create informative and engaging da'wah content by utilizing various digital platforms and multimedia tools. The training employed a participatory approach, involving lectures, discussions, and practical exercises. A total of 30 Takmir Masjid from 30 mosques participated in the program. The results showed a significant improvement in participants' understanding and skills in using digital media for da'wah purposes. This program is expected to contribute to the development of more effective and engaging da'wah communication in the digital age, fostering a broader reach and deeper understanding of Islamic teachings within the community.

This study aims to examine the impact of digital marketing training focused on the utilization of WhatsApp Business and Shopee in driving the digital transformation of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the food sector in Kedungjambe Village. Using both quantitative and qualitative approaches, the research evaluates the effectiveness of training on creating engaging promotional content on WhatsApp Business and managing online stores on Shopee to enhance product visibility, expand market reach, and improve MSME sales performance. The findings reveal that equipping MSMEs with skills to optimize features on these platforms, such as creating appealing product catalogs, utilizing broadcast features, and managing online stores effectively on Shopee, significantly enhances customer interaction and the competitiveness of MSMEs in the digital era. In addition to positively impacting sales growth, the training also accelerates digital technology adoption among MSMEs, enabling them to compete more effectively in an increasingly competitive market. These findings highlight the importance of targeted and sustainable training programs in supporting the growth of MSMEs in the digital age.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of government bureaucracy reform in Indonesia using secondary data and qualitative descriptive analysis methods. Bureaucratic reform is an essential step to improve the quality of public services and government effectiveness, particularly at the regional level. The implementation of this reform is expected to create an efficient, transparent, accountable bureaucracy, free from corruption, collusion, and nepotism. Based on the collected data, the results of the study show that although various reform programs have been implemented, the main challenge faced is resistance to change within the bureaucracy itself, as well as a lack of deep understanding of the principles of good governance. This study also identifies the importance of a consistent reward and punishment system to support the success of the reform. Furthermore, strengthening training and enhancing the motivation of civil servants are necessary for the effective implementation of bureaucratic reform. Therefore, awareness and collective commitment from all stakeholders are key to achieving the goals of bureaucratic reform.

Digitization has driven information technology to become a fundamental foundation in facilitating human tasks across various aspects, including governance. This study focuses on the implementation of the Online Public Service Application (PRO) Denpasar as part of e-government implementation in Denpasar City. The research aims to analyze the effectiveness of the PRO Denpasar application in improving the quality of public services, identify implementation challenges, and formulate improvement strategies based on a SWOT analysis. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method as the issues examined are social and dynamic in nature. This method enables researchers to explore phenomena in-depth by gathering information from various perspectives. The qualitative approach provides flexibility in understanding the social context and the dynamics of interactions between individuals or groups related to the phenomenon being studied. The results indicate that although the public satisfaction level with the application exceeds 80%, several challenges remain, such as uneven socialization, digital divides, and slow responses from relevant parties. The proposed strategies include developing a collaboration-based digital platform, enhancing data security, and implementing digital inclusion programs. This research underscores the importance of multi-stakeholder collaboration and continuous innovation to support the success of e-government.

Abstract. Pedagogical competence is the main ability that educators must have to manage learning effectively. This research aims to discuss the meaning of pedagogical competence, the application of learning theories, and the role of information and communication technology in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning. The research method used is literature analysis and theoretical study. The research results show that pedagogical competence includes the ability to understand student characteristics, design learning, and carry out comprehensive evaluations. The application of learning theories, such as behavioristic, cognitive, constructivist and humanistic, has been proven to support the effectiveness of PAI learning. Behavioristics helps build positive habits, cognitive improves deep understanding, constructivists encourage active participation, and humanistics develops students' potential holistically. Apart from that, the use of information and communication technology, such as e-learning, video conferencing and multimedia, is able to encourage learning that is innovative, interactive and in line with the needs of students in the digital era. Thus, the development of PAI teachers' pedagogical competence needs to continue to be improved through targeted training, optimal use of technology, and strengthening learning strategies to produce learning that is relevant to the needs of the times Abstrak Kompetensi pedagogik adalah kemampuan utama yang harus dimiliki oleh pendidik untuk mengelola pembelajaran secara efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan membahas pengertian kompetensi pedagogik, penerapan teori belajar, serta peran teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis literatur dan kajian teoritis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi pedagogik mencakup kemampuan memahami karakteristik peserta didik, merancang pembelajaran, serta melakukan evaluasi secara komprehensif. Penerapan teori belajar, seperti behavioristik, kognitif, konstruktivistik, dan humanistik, terbukti mendukung efektivitas pembelajaran PAI. Behavioristik membantu membangun kebiasaan positif, kognitif meningkatkan pemahaman mendalam, konstruktivistik mendorong partisipasi aktif, dan humanistik mengembangkan potensi siswa secara holistik. Selain itu, pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi, seperti e-learning, video konferensi, dan multimedia, mampu mendorong pembelajaran yang inovatif, interaktif, dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan peserta didik di era digital. Dengan demikian, pengembangan kompetensi pedagogik guru PAI perlu terus ditingkatkan melalui pelatihan yang terarah, penggunaan teknologi secara optimal, dan penguatan strategi pembelajaran untuk menghasilkan pembelajaran yang relevan dengan kebutuhan zaman.