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Putri Rahayu Ismail; Moh R U Puluhulawa; Mohamad Taufiq Zulfikar Sarson

Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Sosial dan Humaniora 2024 Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

This journal examines the form of legal regulation related to the juvenile justice system in Indonesia, with a special focus on minors who are recidivists of the crime of motor vehicle theft (curanmor). Even though Law no. 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System has comprehensively regulated the handling of children in conflict with the law. There are significant challenges in handling children who repeatedly commit criminal acts. This study uses a normative juridical approach with analysis of applicable laws and regulations as well as cases of recidivism among children who commit crime. The research results show that although the law has provided a framework for the protection and rehabilitation of children, its implementation is often not optimal, especially in handling recidivist children. Special policies are needed that are more focused on preventing recidivism, including strengthening the role of rehabilitation institutions and active involvement of families and communities. In addition, revision of several provisions in existing laws is needed to ensure that the handling of recidivist children can be more effective and fair.

Rosa Virginia Wona; Rudepel Petrus Leo; Heryanto Amalo

Birokrasi: JURNAL ILMU HUKUM DAN TATA NEGARA 2024 Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Administrasi (STIA) Yappi Makassar

The purpose of this research is to analyze the criminological review of the forms and efforts to overcome violence against children in Kupang City. This research is an empirical juridical research that uses data collection techniques through interviews, documentation studies to obtain primary and secondary data on Criminology Review of Forms and Efforts to Overcome Violence Against Children in Kupang City, the data is descriptively qualitative. The results of this study indicate that the forms of violence that occur in Kupang City, physical violence, namely all acts of torture, beatings and abuse of children with or without the use of objects that cause physical injury or death to children, emotional / psychological violence, namely situations of feeling unsafe and comfortable experienced by children. Sexual violence is when children are sexually abused/treated and also involved or take part in or see activities of a sexual nature with the aim of pornography, body movements, movies or something that aims to exploit sex where someone satisfies their sexual appetite for others. Economic abuse is the abuse of a child's labor for work and other activities for the benefit of their parents or others. Child neglect/exploitation is the attitude and behavior of parents who do not provide proper attention to the child's growth and development process. Efforts made against cases of child abuse are preemptive efforts, initial efforts made by the police to prevent the occurrence of a criminal act, preventive efforts, preventive measures taken by the authorities before the occurrence of a criminal act, repressive efforts, countermeasures made by the authorities after a criminal act has occurred.      

Nabilatus Sholihah; Urip Wahyuningsih; Imami Arum Tri Rahayu; Ma'rifatun Nashikhah

Jurnal Bintang Pendidikan Indonesia 2024 Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

This research aims to determine the feasibility of burci embroidery material through video tutorials. The type of research used is the type of research and development (R & D) with the ADDIE model to make the development of burci embroidery video tutorial media. Based on the results of development research and discussions that have been carried out, it can be concluded that the feasibility of video tutorial media on the technique of making tassel burci embroidery on decorative design elements obtained an average result of 91,8% with very decent categories by media experts and material experts.

Ragil Sri Wahyuningsih; Wawan Hermawan; Nada Vanca Anggrestia; Fatimatus Zahro; Sefira Amelia Rosadha

Jurnal Riset Ilmu Pendidikan, Bahasa dan Budaya 2024 Asosiasi Periset Bahasa Sastra Indonesia

Writers often use external code mixing when writing dialogue in youth genre novels. This is because teenagers often use foreign terms when speaking. This research aims to identify and describe the forms of outward mixing in the novel Fall in Love with Senior by Sonya Nadila. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method which focuses more on collecting and analyzing data involving words, narratives and descriptive images. The data collection technique used is the read and record technique. Steps to collect and analyze data include reading the novel "Fall in Love with Senior" carefully, identifying words and phrases that are forms of outward code mixing, and recording the data collected for further analysis. The results of the research show that there are 15 data regarding external code mixing in the form of words and phrases. The purpose of using external code mixing is to express praise, emphasize emotional expressions, provide motivation, and as a form of terms that are often used by teenagers.

Desi Wilda Rizki Amelia; Nur Arifudin; Ziana Walidah; Alifia Nur Iddhiyan; Surfadila Surfadila

Jurnal Relasi Publik 2024 International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Termination of employment is the end of an employment relationship due to certain things that cause the end of the rights and obligations between workers/laborers and employers. What are the company's obligations, one of which is paying severance pay as compensation for termination of employment (PHK). Termination of employment is regulated in the Job Creation Law no. 11 of 2020 due to several reasons that give rise to termination of employment based on law, which aims to obtain the rights obtained for workers regarding the severance pay they receive.

Kartini Kartini; Novia Elisa; Nurtia Asty Rahman; Adiva Amanda; Nada Hanifah Harahap +1 more

Harmoni: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi dan Sosial 2024 International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

This research was written and packaged to provide information related to mass communication. This article links mass communication to political policy.  Mass communication can be used as a medium to monitor policies made by the government.  Basically, Indonesia is a democratic country and the people's prosperity will be prioritized.  Therefore, to follow up on unfair policies carried out by the government, a forum is needed to be able to correct this.  This article will discuss how mass communication can fulfill the function of monitoring political policies.  Political policies will also be described in this article, accompanied by an examination of policies that are not appropriate by society.  The mass communication model will determine the direction of how this mass communication will run.  Mass communication will definitely have the effect of building public awareness and correction towards the government.

Husain Mulki Hilala; Weny Almoravid Dungga; Julius T. Mandjo

Jurnal Relasi Publik 2024 International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

This research aims to overcome and understand how legal protection is for employees upon termination of employment as well as what factors inhibit the implementation of legal protection for workers' rights due to termination of employment at P.T Trijaya Tangguh District. Boliyohuto, and what the solution is. In this research, the method used is the empirical method, which is a legal research approach that directly evaluates the application of normative legal provisions to specific legal situations that occur in society. The results of this research show that cases of layoffs have occurred at P.T Tri Jaya Tangguh which were caused by many factors. To overcome this problem, it is necessary for labor unions to make more efforts to improve education and provide information to their members about their rights and legal procedures related to layoffs and companies must improve the performance of company management. This can be done by taking steps to periodically evaluate the performance of company leaders, including assessing their ability to build good relationships with subordinates and lead effectively.

Puja Khairani; Sakti Ritonga; Ismail Ismail

WISSEN : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora 2024 Asosiasi Peneliti Dan Pengajar Ilmu Sosial Indonesia

This research aims to provide knowledge about one of the customs and traditions in Beganding Village. The rebu custom is a prohibition on talking between in-laws and sons-in-law and also between in-laws of the opposite sex. The author uses a descriptive method with a type of qualitative research that describes how the practice of banning rebu is carried out and how the Islamic community views the rebu tradition. Data was obtained through observation, interviews and documentation. Next, the presentation and analysis of the data is narrated descriptively. The results of the research show that the Rebu Ngerana tradition is a tradition originating from the Karo community which means taboo/prohibition on speaking. The parties at issue include the man-in-law with the daughter-in-law and the daughter-in-law with the son-in-law and finally the brother-in-law of the opposite sex. There are several forms of rebu in Karo society, namely rebu ngerana or prohibition on talking, prohibition on sitting next to each other between in-laws and daughters-in-law, prohibition on direct eye contact, prohibition on touching body parts, prohibition on one house if there are only parents-in-law and son-in-law in it, prohibition on one field (garden). . based on the informant's explanation that Islam can influence the rebu tradition. Islam teaches kindness and the rebu tradition also teaches good behavior towards in-laws. So both of them teach about things that are good.

Lutfi, Moh; Avenzoar, Azkia

ISAINTEK: Jurnal Informasi, Sains dan Teknologi 2024 Politeknik Negeri FakFak

Kota Malang yang menyandang julukan kota kreatif pada tahun 2021 melalui keputusan yang ditetapkan oleh kemenparekraf tentang penetapan kabupaten dan kota kreatif Indonesia. Keputusan Ini adalah salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan potensi ekonomi kreatif di Tanah Air, dengan Kota Malang menjadi satu-satunya kota di Jawa Timur yang dipilih sebagai Kota Kreatif 2021. Malang creative center adalah bangunan pusat kegiatan kreatif di Kota Malang yang dapat dimanfaatkan masyarakat sebagai wadah untuk mengembangkan kemampuan kreatif masyarakat. Sebagai pusat kegiatan kreatif, estetika visual Malang Creative Center harus mencerminkan fungsi bangunan yang mengakomodir kegiatan kreatif yang ada di dalamnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan melakukan pendekatan kajian literatur, yaitu menggunakan pengumpulan data menggunakan metode manajemen data dan metode analisis, serta melakukan eksplorasi penerapannya pada obyek terbangun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa estetika bangunan Malang Creative Center cukup mencerminkan sebagai bangunan pusat kreatif melalui bentuk dan ornamen pada bangunan.

Dwi Aprilia, Fanny; Safeyah, Muchlisiniyati

ISAINTEK: Jurnal Informasi, Sains dan Teknologi 2024 Politeknik Negeri FakFak

Kampung Batik Tulis Giriloyo merupakan salah satu desa wisata yang berada di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dan memiliki sebutan dan ciri khas unik yaitu bangunan yang hampir sama yaitu memiliki usaha batik yang para pekerja diambil dari warga Kampung Batik Tulis Giriloyo itu sendiri. Tujuan penelitian menganalisis penerapan Arsitektur Neo Vernakular sesuai prinsip Arsitektur Neo Vernakular yang ada pada bangunan Kampung Batik Tulis Giriloyo. Menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif melalui pengumpulan data dengan dokumentasi, observasi dan analisis bentuk bangunan mengacu pada prinsip prinsip Arsitektur Neo Vernakular diantaranya menggunakan atap bumbungan, bangunan didominasi menggunakan batu bata, selain  itu ada beberapa aspek yaitu hubungan langsung, hubungan abstrak, hubungan lanskap, hubungan dan hubungan masa depan Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada Kampung Batik Tulis Giriloyo menerapkan Arsitektur Neo Vernakular dan  beberapa bangunan disekitar menggunakan model bangunan joglo dengan menggunakan material lokal yang menyesuaikan lingkungan sekitar.

Putri Handayani; Weny Almoravid Dunga; Waode Mustika

Jurnal Hukum, Politik dan Humaniora 2024 Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

This research is motivated by the problems that occurred on maxim's side in 2023, namely the drivers who demanded maxim's policies which were considered detrimental. The existence of this problem attracts researchers to carry out research related to the form of maxim's accountability to the driver in the partnership agreement. The approach in this research uses empirical legal research, which is research that examines factual contact on every particular event that occurs in society in order to achieve the specified goals. The result of this study is the form of legal protection given by Maxim to the drivers, namely legal protection in the form of accident insurance by Yayasan Driver Sehat Sejahtera Indonesia (YPSSI) which is borne directly by Maxim and the accountability given by maxim, namely in the form of providing good services in the functional process of the application and carrying out the obligations stated in the agreement text between Maxim and the Driver.

Yudan Fajar Mahendra

Mandub: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora 2024 STAI YPIQ BAUBAU, SULAWESI TENGGARA

Notary is a public official who has the authority to make authentic deeds. Authentic deeds have formal functions that cannot be carried out by other public officials, so they have strong evidentiary power. In relation to this background, the author considers the following issues: the responsibility and legal protection of notaries for the deeds they make. The method used in this research is normative research using the technique of collecting legal materials through literature study, using primary and secondary legal materials. The results of the research show that the elements of the criminal act of falsifying an authentic deed committed by a notary include fulfilling subjective elements by falsifying an authentic deed. Criminal sanctions for notaries involved in this criminal act are based on Articles 264 paragraph (1) and 266 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code, which stipulate penalties for notaries who make a deed by deliberately using the deed as if its contents were true. From this discussion, it can be concluded that deeds that do not meet the requirements set out in statutory regulations do not have strong evidentiary power and do not have binding legal force.

Marsya Al Farin; Royhana Safitri; Wan Elnayla Azzahra Reza; Wismanto Wismanto; Layli Sartika

Jurnal Manajemen dan Pendidikan Agama Islam 2024 Asosiasi Riset Pendidikan Agama dan Filsafat Indonesia

Seeking knowledge is an obligation for Muslim. In seeking knowledge, understanding and morals are needed based on religious postulates so that Allah makes it easier for the purpose of seeking knowledge. It is important for Muslims to study the arguments relating to the obligation to study and understand the morals of a student in studying in order to obtain maximum knowledge. The aim of this research is to reveal how a student should have good behavior towards the teacher according to the hadith perspective. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with a library approach, the main data sources are reading materials from books, magazines, journal articles and hadith books. The research results show that (1) students must have good intentions, straight because of Allah. Sincere intentions in his heart. The sole intention of learning is because of Allah SWT. (2) Apart from that, a student must also try to improve good morals in his efforts to study. The most important figure as a role model for students to have commendable morals is Rasulullah SAW. Rasulullah SAW is a noble creature.

Chairunnisah Chairunnisah; Srilina Br Pinem; Asnita Sinaga; Mediana Mediana; Eka Purnama

Jurnal Mahasiswa Ilmu Kesehatan 2024 STIKes Ibnu Sina Ajibarang

KB suntik 3 bulan merupakan salah satu alternatif yang digunakan untuk mencegah kehamilan dengan melepaskan hormone progestin ke dalam pembuluh darah yang bekerja dengan cara menghentikan pelepasan sel telur ke dalam rahim, sehingga mencegah terjadinya proses pembuahan. Perubahan menstruasi yang dialami oleh wanita yang menggunakan DepoProvera dimulai dalam bentuk perdarahan yang tidak teratur yang tidak dapat diprediksi dan bercak darah yang berlangsung selama tujuh hari atau lebih atau perdarahan hebat selama beberapa bulan pertama penggunaan Depo-Provera.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan Karakteristik Terhapat Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang Alat Kontrasepsi KB Suntik 3 Bulan Di Puskesmas Tanjung Tiram Kecamatan Tanjung Tiram Provinsi Sumatera Utara Tahun 2022. Penelitian ini termasuk kedalam penelitian deskriptif korelasi dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan desain Casual Corellation Research sampel dalam penelitian adalah sebanyak 85 orang dengan menggunakan rumus so;vin. Data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian adalah data primer yaitu data yang diperoleh secara langsung dari responden. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu chi square Hasil penelitian tabulasi terdapat Hubungan Umur Dengan Pemilihan Kontrasepsi KB Suntik 3 Bulan Di Di Puskesmas Tanjung Tiram Kecamatan Tanjung Tiram Tahun 2022 Hasil uji statistik didapatkan nilai ρ-value (0,049), sehingga ada hubungan antara umur dengan pemilihan metode kontrasepsi. Hasil penelitian Hubungan Pengetahuan Dengan Pemilihan Kontrasepsi KB Suntik 3 Bulan Di Puskesmas Tanjung Tiram Kecamatan Tanjung Tiram Tahun 2022  didapat nilai p value  = 0,008 (P < 0,05) hal ini berarti ada hubungan antara pengetahuan akseptor dengan KB Suntik. Hasil penelitian Hubungan Pendidikan Dengan Pemilihan Kontrasepsi KB Suntik 3 Bulan Di Puskesmas Tanjung Tiram Kecamatan Tanjung Tiram Tahun 2022 didapatkan nilai 0,001 < ρ-value (0,05), sehingga ada hubungan antara pendidikan dengan pemilihan metode kontrasepsi. Kesimpulan Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara umur, pengetahuan dan pendidikan  dengan pemilihan alat kontrasepsi KB suntik 3 Bulan di Di Puskesmas Tanjung Tiram Kecamatan Tanjung Tiram Tahun 2022

Puja Hayati; Hafifa Hafifa; Fajri Massaid; Elvita Sarah Azzahra; Wismanto Wismanto

Jurnal Manajemen dan Pendidikan Agama Islam 2024 Asosiasi Riset Pendidikan Agama dan Filsafat Indonesia

Morals in the Islamic religion are morals that truly maintain human existence as honorable creatures in accordance with their nature. The existence of morals in a human being to create actions or behavior that are in accordance with the guidance of the Al-Qur'an and the Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad. However, in the current reality, bad moral decadence always adorns the attitudes and behavior of humans today. Even worse, this fact cannot be denied that bad morals are sometimes born and emerge from among Muslims who should be well maintained, reduced manners. , has no manners even towards friends and neighbors. As time goes by, the quality of the existence of noble morals decreases, and if left unchecked, these noble morals will continue to decline and even disappear. Therefore, this research aims to determine the form of good morals towards friends and neighbors. In this writing, the research method used is a literature study-based research method by collecting documents from various journals. The results of this research show that morals towards friends and neighbors in the Qur'an include helping, giving something, visiting sick people, being happy about neighbors' success and giving each other advice. And the point is to do good to friends and neighbors.

Hotimah, Husnul; Hartinah, Hartinah; Friscila, Ika

Jurnal Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Umum dan Farmasi (JRIKUF) 2024 LPPM STIKES KESETIAKAWANAN SOSIAL INDONESIA

Anemia lebih sering dijumpai dalam kehamilan karena dalam kehamilan kebutuhan akan zat-zat makanan bertambah dan terjadi perubahan-perubahan dalam darah dan sumsum tulang. Anemia merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan di seluruh dunia terutama negara berkembang yang diperkirakan 30% penduduk dunia menderita anemia. Analisis situasi dan hasil temuan bahwa ibu hamil tidak maksimal mengonsumsi tablet Fe, dikarenakan ada keluhan efek samping obat penambah darah, yaitu keluhan pada saluran pencernaan, seperti mual, muntah, diare, dan sakit perut, merasa tidak nafsu makan, sembelit, serta feses berwarna gelap. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian memberikan edukasi menggunakan media tentang konsumsi tablet fe untuk ibu hamil di Puskesmas Kotabaru. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah berupa kegiatan penyediaan media informasi konsumsi tablet Fe pada masa kehamilan. Media informasi yang dibuat adalah berupa poster, baik dalam bentuk cetak, maupun digital, yang dapat disebarkan/diinformasikan ke masyarakat di Wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kotabaru. Kegiatan ini akan semakin baik dan dapat menimbulkan dampak yang positif dengan terus melanjutkan program pembuatan media informasi yang kreatif dan menarik hingga ada perubahan pegetahuan dan sikap dari ibu hamil dalam hal konsumsi tablet Fe.

Pandito Malim Hasayangan Tanjung; Diana Tantri Cahyaningsih

Jurnal Ilmu Pertahanan, Politik dan Hukum Indonesia 2024 Asosiasi Peneliti dan Pengajar Ilmu Hukum Indonesia

This article is to review and analyze the forms of violation of originality rights in the context of video works and the efforts made by content creators if their originality rights are violated. this research identifies forms of Copyright infringement, especially related to reuploads without attribution or watermarks, as well as actions that can be taken by content creators in response to such violations, The research method used is a normative legal approach with a focus on analyzing primary and secondary legal materials through literature study. The results show that violations of originality rights often occur in various forms, such as unauthorized use, reproduction without significant changes, and unauthorized modification of original works. However, the main challenges in enforcing originality rights are the difficulty in identifying infringements in a timely manner and the cost and time involved in the enforcement process. cooperation between digital platforms, policymakers, and the creator community is needed to create a fairer and more supportive environment for creators to maintain the integrity of their original works and more effective efforts are needed to support video content creators to protect their originality rights in this digital era.

Wahira Wahira; Hasan Hasan; Abd Hamid

JURNAL PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT AKADEMISI (JPMA), 2024 CV. ALIM'SPUBLISHING

Program Kemitraan Masyarakat (PKM) bagi guru sekolah dasar dilakukan dalam bentuk kegiatan pelatihan ppelaksanaan pendekatan Teaching At The Right Level . Tujuan kegiatan pelatihan  ini untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan pemahaman bagi guru sekolah sehingga dapat membantu sekolah dalam meningkatkan kemampuan  guru pada pelaksanaan pendekatan teaching at the right level. Kegiatan pelatihan ini menggunakan metode ceramah, tanya jawab dan diskusi. Peserta pelatihan adalah guru sekolah dasaryang berjumlah 20 orang. Hasil pelatihan menunjukkan bahwa sebelum pelatihan dilakukan guru kurang baik memahami materi pelaksanaan pendekatan teaching at the right level, dan setela dilakukan pelatihan peserta sudah memahami dengan kategori baik, sehingga diharapkan guru bisa melaksanakan pendekatan tersebut di sekolah masing-masing, Setelah pelatihan guru sekolah dasar dapat mengerti dan memahami materi yang diberikan pada kegiatan ini, karena materi ini di lengkapi dengan latihan memahaman pelaksanaan teaching at the right level (TARL) sehingga kendala guru dalam pelaksanaan pelaksanaan pendekatan TARL di sekolah bisa diselesaikan dengan baik.

Nur Sabrina Rambe; Darlina Tanjung; M Husni Malik Hasibuan; Afdhal Hubbig

Konstruksi: Publikasi Ilmu Teknik, Perencanaan Tata Ruang dan Teknik Sipil 2024 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Teknik Indonesia

An anchor is a steel element that is embedded in concrete when it is cast (cast in place) or installed later (post-installed) into concrete that has hardened and is used to distribute loads (tension and shear) acting on the concrete (SNI 2847:2019). The use of anchors in the world of construction is increasingly popular to help connect concrete structures. The installation of anchors has progressed from the initial anchors being installed before casting the concrete (cast in place), progressing to the anchors being installed after the concrete has hardened (post installed) by drilling. By drilling into concrete, installing and removing anchors becomes easier. Installation of cast-in-place anchors is generally used in the design of new construction, while post-installed anchor installation is generally used in old construction for repairs or retrofitting. Anchors have several variations including hed heax, L bolt and J bolt anchor variations, but it is not yet known which anchor variation has a greater bond strength value, what are the results of the comparison of bond strength values ​​for each variation of anchor and what are the differences in the anchor bond strength capacity for each variation? the anchor. With this research, it is hoped that we can find out the bond strength and bond stress values ​​for each variation of anchor so that the comparison of the bond strength of the anchor can answer the differences in capacity of each variation of the anchor as well. Research on the bond strength of anchors based on variations in anchor shape using the cast in place method shows that the bond strength value shown at the highest loading value is the type J anchor variation with an average load of 27,816 kN, the type L anchor variation with an average load of 26,971 kN and variations of the hex head type anchor with an average load of 12.85 kN. It can be concluded that the stress value is directly proportional to the loading value. The greater the loading value, the greater the bond stress value. The highest bond stress value is found in the type J anchor variation with an average bond stress value of 151,397 Mpa, in the L type anchor variation with an average bond stress value of 147,798 Mpa and in the hex head type anchor variation with an average bond stress value of 69.953 Mpa, so the bond stress is directly proportional to the loading value.

Erwin Wahyu Saputra; Diana Tantri Cahyaningsih

Jurnal Ilmu Pertahanan, Politik dan Hukum Indonesia 2024 Asosiasi Peneliti dan Pengajar Ilmu Hukum Indonesia

This article aims to examine the form of legal protection for consumers on the purchase of third generation Toyota Avanza cars due to production defects. This research is a prescriptive and applied normative legal research with a statue approach and case approach. The sources of legal materials used are primary and secondary legal materials, by means of literature study of documents or library materials, and syllogism and interpretation techniques using deduction thinking. The results of this study are the form of legal protection for consumers on the purchase of third generation Toyota Avanza cars can choose two forms of legal protection described by Moch Isnaeni, namely internal legal protection and external legal protection. In internal legal protection in the form of an agreement made in the agreement to purchase a third generation Toyota Avanza car. While external legal protection is protected by laws and regulations, government regulations, and ministerial regulations.