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This study aims to examine the effect of using the Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review (SQ3R) method assisted by digital story texts on students' critical thinking skills in the material "Book of the Window World" of grade V of SD Negeri 104202 Bandar Setia. The background of this study is based on the low critical thinking skills of students due to the dominance of conventional methods that are less varied and minimal use of learning media, especially in Indonesian subjects. This study uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method and a Nonrandomized Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The research subjects consisted of class VA (experimental, n = 22) who received learning with the SQ3R method assisted by digital story texts, and class VB (control, n = 23) who received conventional learning. The pretest results showed that students' initial critical thinking skills were in the moderate category (experimental x ̄ = 67.23; control x ̄ = 51.96). After the treatment, the experimental class' posttest average increased significantly to 82.41, or 15.18 points, while the control class did not experience any significant improvement. A t-test demonstrated a significant difference between the two groups (t count > t table). The study's conclusions indicate that the SQ3R method, aided by digital narrative texts, significantly improved students' critical thinking skills compared to conventional methods.

Background: Early marriage remains prevalent among adolescents aged 15–19 years, a period during which individuals are often medically and psychologically unprepared to assume marital responsibilities. Decisions to marry early are influenced by internal factors such as psychological readiness, emotional maturity, and critical thinking ability, as well as external factors including family pressure, cultural norms, and economic challenges. Objective: This study aims to explore the factors influencing adolescents' decisions to engage in early marriage and examine its impacts on their lives. Method: This research employed a qualitative descriptive design. A purposive sampling technique was used to select 10 adolescents who had experienced early marriage. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and document review, and analyzed thematically. Results: The primary factors contributing to early marriage in Delu Depa Village, Kodi Bangedo District, were premarital pregnancy (2 cases), economic hardship (4 cases), and limited educational attainment (4 cases). The consequences included psychological, health, and social impacts. Psychologically, participants reported experiencing stress, anxiety, and depression. Health-related risks included complications associated with immature reproductive organs, such as premature birth, obstructed labor, and preeclampsia. Social impacts included stigma, limited social interaction, school dropout, and employment in low-skilled jobs to fulfill daily needs. Conclusion: Early marriage poses significant risks to adolescents' psychological well-being, physical health, and social functioning. Strengthened preventive efforts and targeted interventions are needed to reduce its prevalence and mitigate negative consequences.

The rapid growth of social media as a primary channel for information dissemination has triggered a significant surge in the distribution of hoaxes, potentially damaging social order, instigating mass disinformation, and threatening national security. This research aims to design an intelligent algorithm for hoax detection by integrating a critical thinking approach into Natural Language Processing (NLP)-based text processing. The algorithmic model is built using a combination of linguistic features, argument logic, and cognitive indicators such as the detection of unsubstantiated claims, identification of source bias, and evidence testing. To ensure accountability and transparency of the system, an Explainable AI (XAI) approach is applied so that classification results can be understood by non-technical users. The research results show that integrating critical thinking significantly improves detection accuracy to 93.1%, with an increase in precision and recall for detecting hoaxes based on emotional narratives. Beyond technical aspects, this model aligns with the mandate of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions (ITE Law), particularly Article 28 paragraph (1), which prohibits the dissemination of false and misleading news that harms the public. Therefore, this system is not only scientifically relevant but also supports law enforcement and strengthens digital literacy in the post-truth era. These findings are expected to be a strategic contribution to the development of an ethical, critical, and responsible digital ecosystem.

This study highlights the significant role of students at SMA Tahfidz Khairunnas Surabaya in promoting the values of moderate Islam within the urban metropolitan context of Surabaya. The findings demonstrate that the implementation of moderate Islamic education is reflected in four core principles: At-Tawazun (balance), At-Tawasuth (moderation), At-Tasamuh (tolerance), and Al-Adl (justice). These values are supported by the family, school, and community environment, which collectively contribute to shaping students’ understanding and practice of moderation. The results further suggest that fostering moderate Islamic values in metropolitan society requires both maturity and contextual comprehension, enabling communities to internalize and apply these principles effectively. The involvement of students in disseminating moderate values represents an essential step toward strengthening critical thinking, moral integrity, and social ethics in accordance with Islamic moderation. Therefore, the educational practices at SMA Tahfidz Khairunnas not only contribute to individual student development but also serve as a catalyst for cultivating a more harmonious, tolerant, and balanced urban society.

This study aims to identify the types of products or creative works produced by Indonesia’s golden generation in the context of developing a talent-based creative economy in the digital era. A talent-based economy refers to an economic model that leverages individual skills, creativity, and innovation as the main capital for generating economic value. Using a literature review approach, this research analyzes the implementation of a talent- driven creative economy, particularly how the youth especially Gen Z and millennials produce various digital outputs such as illustrations, animations, educational applications, video content, NFTs, and social media-based e-commerce products. This implementation reflects the integration of individual creativity with digital technology utilization, aligning with core 21st-century skills such as critical thinking, collaboration, communication, and digital literacy. The findings reveal that the creative economy contributes not only to cultural and artistic sectors but also to real economic sectors such as digital MSMEs, content industries, educational technology (edutech), and the broader digital economy. These insights show that with the support of digital infrastructure, technological literacy, and affirmative policies, the golden generation can foster innovation with economic value while enhancing national competitiveness amid global transformation toward Indonesia Emas 2045.

This research addresses the low student learning outcomes and the lack of facilitation of 4C competencies (Critical Thinking, Collaboration, Communication, and Creativity) in the Industrial Machine Electrical Systems (SKMI) subject for Grade XI TMI 1 students at SMK Negeri 1 Pariaman. The teacher-centered learning approach has led to passive student participation, low critical thinking, varying academic abilities, and difficulty in connecting theoretical concepts to real-life applications. The aim of this study is to improve students' 4C competencies and learning outcomes through the implementation of the Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) cooperative learning model. Using Classroom Action Research (CAR) based on the Kemmis and McTaggart model, the study was conducted in three cycles: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects were 30 students from Grade XI TMI 1. Data collection included learning outcome tests and 4C competency observation sheets, with descriptive and quantitative data analysis. The results showed significant improvements: classical mastery increased from 27% to 90%, average learning scores rose from 67 to 81, and 4C competency mastery improved from 34% (low) to 82% (high). The study concludes that the TAI model effectively enhances both 4C competencies and learning outcomes in SKMI at SMK Negeri 1 Pariaman.

Science learning in elementary schools plays a vital role in fostering scientific thinking, curiosity, and critical thinking skills from an early age. However, classroom practices are still dominated by conventional methods that make students passive and less motivated, which affects their understanding of abstract concepts such as the states of matter and their changes. This study aims to describe the effectiveness of using Canva as an interactive learning medium to enhance the motivation and learning outcomes of fourth-grade elementary school students on the topic of states of matter and their changes. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method through literature review and theoretical experimentation. The study involved reviewing various scientific sources and conducting a simulated Canva-based learning activity that visualized changes in the states of matter through images, animations, and simple classroom experiments. The findings reveal that using Canva encourages active student participation, clarifies abstract science concepts, and creates an engaging learning experience. Canva has proven to be an effective and innovative medium that supports the principles of the Merdeka Curriculum, emphasizing creativity, collaboration, and independent learning.

This community service activity aims to help teachers and education staff manage burnout while improving the ability of the 4Cs (Creativity, Critical Thinking, Communication, and Collaboration) in the school work environment. The training was held at SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Banjarbaru with the involvement of 11 participants, using a participatory approach that included interactive lectures, group discussions, reflections, and role play simulations. The main objective of this activity is to build the adaptive capacity and psychological well-being of educators through strengthening 21st century skills. The evaluation was carried out by comparing burnout scores before and after the training. The results showed a significant decrease in the average burnout score from 71.6 to 57.4, or by 14.2 points. This decline reflects an improvement in participants' psychological well-being and adaptive ability in the face of work pressure. In addition, training also has a positive impact on improving creative thinking, collaborative, and positive communication skills in the context of school work. These findings show that participatory-based interventions are effective in building a healthier and more productive work environment for educators. This activity recommends replicating similar training in other educational institutions as a preventive and promotive strategy to overcome burnout and strengthen teachers' professional competence in facing contemporary educational challenges.

This study aims to analyze the effect of strengthening the Pancasila Student Profile on the development of students' character in Social Science (IPS) subjects at Madrasah Aliyah Alkhairat Bolangitang Barat. Strengthening the Pancasila Student Profile has become a key focus in the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum, which emphasizes the development of values such as religiosity, mutual cooperation, creativity, independence, global diversity, and critical thinking in students. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method, distributing questionnaires to 57 students. Data analysis was performed using simple linear regression with the help of SPSS to determine the contribution of the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening variable (X) to students' character development (Y). The results show the regression equation Ŷ = 53.782 + 0.586X, indicating that every 1% increase in variable X will raise variable Y by 0.586. The positive regression coefficient indicates a significant and positive relationship between the two variables. The R Square value of 0.533 suggests that 53.3% of the variation in students' character is explained by strengthening the Pancasila Student Profile, while 46.7% is influenced by other factors outside the study. Thus, it can be concluded that the implementation of the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening program plays an important role in improving students' character in IPS learning.

This study aims to describe the implementation of an active learning model based on collaboration to improve students’ conceptual understanding in Islamic Religious Education (PAI). The background of this research stems from the low level of student engagement in the learning process, which has resulted in less optimal understanding of religious concepts. The research employed a qualitative approach with a classroom action research (CAR) design conducted in two cycles. The subjects were eleventh-grade students at a senior high school in City X. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and conceptual understanding tests. The findings revealed that the implementation of the collaborative active learning model increased students’ participation in learning activities, fostered critical thinking skills, and enhanced their conceptual understanding of Islamic Education materials. Through group discussions, problem-solving activities, and reflection sessions, students became more cognitively and affectively engaged in the learning process. Therefore, the collaborative active learning model can serve as an effective alternative strategy to improve both the process and outcomes of Islamic Religious Education learning.

This study focuses on examining the concept of religious pluralism as contained in Quraish Shihab's monumental work Tafsir Al-Misbah, with particular emphasis on the significance of his thinking in the contemporary Indonesian landscape. As is widely known, Indonesia is a nation with extraordinary diversity in terms of religion and culture, and it constantly faces the challenge of maintaining social cohesion amid the potential for friction between religious communities. Tafsir Al-Misbah presents a perspective that promotes inclusiveness towards religious pluralism, based on the fundamental universal principles contained in the Qur'an, such as justice, empathy, and respect for diversity. This study implements a qualitative methodology through content analysis techniques on relevant arguments in Tafsir Al-Misbah, particularly those related to interfaith interaction. The results of this study show that: First, Quraish Shihab emphasises the importance of understanding pluralism as sunnatullah (God's decree) and the basis for creating a mutually respectful society. Second, Quraish Shihab's contextual interpretation refers to Indonesia's experience as a multireligious nation.

This study aims to determine the effect of the combined learning model of Problem Solving with Numbered Head Together (NHT) on the character of mutual cooperation and critical reasoning abilities of fourth-grade students of SD Negeri Kanigoro 03. This type of research uses a quantitative approach with a Posttest Only Non-Equivalent Control Group Design. The research subjects consisted of two classes, namely class IV A as the experimental group and class IV B as the control group, each consisting of 23 students. The research instruments included an observation sheet of mutual cooperation character and a critical reasoning ability test. Data analysis was carried out through normality, homogeneity, and t-test using SPSS with a significance level of 5%. The results showed that the data were normally distributed and homogeneous. The t-test produced a calculated t value of 2.940 > t table 2.015 with a significance of 0.019 for the character of mutual cooperation and a calculated t value of 2.343 > t table 2.015 with a significance of 0.024 for critical reasoning abilities. These results demonstrate that the combined Problem Solving and NHT models significantly enhance students' mutual cooperation and critical reasoning skills. Therefore, implementing this model effectively develops students' cognitive competencies and character, aligned with the Pancasila student profile.

This study explores the function of the scientific approach and learning assessment as elements that strengthen the quality of education through a structured literature review. The review of various sources shows that the continuous application of the scientific method has a positive effect on improving students’ critical thinking, creativity, learning independence, and character development. Findings from several studies over the past decade support the effectiveness of implementing the scientific method at various educational levels, despite challenges such as limited time and learning resources. In addition, comprehensive learning evaluation not only measures final outcomes but also considers context, input, and process (CIPP model), thereby enhancing the relevance of learning objectives and student motivation. The literature review also highlights the importance of guidance and counseling (GC) as an integrative component that supports students’ academic, social, personal, and character development at both primary and secondary education levels. However, some studies identify challenges in implementation, such as students’ low reading interest and the dominant role of teachers, which can be addressed through STEM-based and blended learning models. Overall, the integration of GC with learning evaluation has the potential to realize holistic education that balances intellectual, emotional, social, moral, and spiritual intelligence, while preparing students to contribute effectively to society and the future workforce. These findings encourage the development of educational policies and learning practices that are more process-oriented, context-based, and focused on the holistic development of student competencies.

Logic is an important foundation in mathematics learning because it shapes critical and systematic thinking skills. Introducing the concept of proof early on plays a strategic role in developing reasoning skills, identifying patterns, and providing simple arguments. This article aims to examine the role of logic in mathematics learning by emphasizing the importance of introducing the concept of proof from the outset. The methods used are a literature review of various relevant studies and descriptive analysis based on learning practices in early childhood education. The results of the study show that play, exploration, and concrete experience-based learning activities can improve children's ability to understand cause-and-effect relationships, make predictions, and convey logical reasons. In addition, social interaction and dialogue in the learning process have been proven to strengthen simple reasoning skills. In conclusion, the integration of logic and reasoning from an early age not only supports the development of mathematical abilities, but also builds the foundation for critical and analytical thinking needed for further education.

This study aims to determine the feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness of Electronic LKPD Supporting on PjBL on  in improving creative thinking skills and environmental literacy of students at SMAN 1 Tarakan. This type of research is research and development (Research and Development) with the ADDIE model (analyze, design, development, implement, evaluate). The analyze stage includes initial analysis, competency analysis, constructional analysis, and content analysis. The design stage includes compiling an electronic LKPD outline and designing learning content in the LKPD. The development stage includes developing data collection instruments. The data collection instruments in this study were a feasibility sheet for expert lecturers, a practicality sheet for biology teachers, a student readability sheet, and pretest and posttest questions for creative thinking skills and environmental literacy. This instrument was developed based on the review of the supervisor, assessment of expert lecturers, biology teachers, and trials on students. The implement stage includes the application of electronic LKPD that has been developed on class X students of SMAN 1 Tarakan. The experimental design used is the pretest-posttest control group design. The evaluate stage includes the form of evaluation carried out at each stage of ADDIE. The data analysis technique uses the manova test. The results of the study show: (1) The electronic LKPD supporting PjBL that was developed meets the criteria of being very valid for use in learning activities with an average value according to media experts of 3.55, material experts of 3.89 and learning experts of 3.96. (2) Practicality with a very practical category for use based on the results of student and teacher responses. (3) Effectiveness based on the Multivariate Analysis of Variance test with a significance level of 5% shows that there is an influence on students' creative thinking skills and environmental literacy after treatment using electronic LKPD supporting PjBL.

This community service program aims to enhance students’ understanding of narrative language features at SMKN 3 Palangka Raya through the implementation of the Detective Case-Solving Game model. The method applied was participatory learning, involving 36 eleventh-grade Computer and Network Engineering students in two sessions. The first meeting focused on introducing the game concept, including rules, character roles, and examples of narrative clues, while the second meeting emphasized the application of more complex case scenarios that required deeper analysis and storytelling skills. The results revealed a significant improvement in students’ ability to identify narrative structures, apply past tense, and use direct–indirect speech correctly. Moreover, students showed higher enthusiasm, actively engaged in group discussions, demonstrated teamwork, and were able to provide linguistic reasoning during presentations. In conclusion, this model effectively strengthens language skills while fostering 21st-century competencies, including critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creativity, making the learning process more interactive, enjoyable, and meaningful for vocational students.

The goal of Islamic education focuses not only on improving cognitive abilities, but also on the formation of a complete human being (insan kamil) who integrates knowledge, attitudes, spirituality, and life skills based on Islamic values. This article aims to examine the relevance of Bloom's Taxonomy in the context of Islamic education, particularly its application to Islamic values ​​in educational institutions. This research uses a literature study method with a descriptive qualitative approach through analysis of classical and contemporary literature. The results show that the three main domains in Bloom's Taxonomy—cognitive, affective, and psychomotor—are aligned with the goals of Islamic education. The cognitive domain, as implied in Q.S. Al-'Alaq: 1–5, emphasizes the importance of reading, understanding, and critical thinking as forms of intellectual development. The affective domain is related to the formation of noble character, sincerity, and self-control (Q.S. Al-Syu'ara: 88–89), which serve as the moral foundation of students. Meanwhile, the psychomotor domain emphasizes the application of Islamic values ​​in real behavior through worship, discipline, and social responsibility. The integration of these three domains reflects a holistic approach to Islamic education that balances intellectual, spiritual, and moral aspects. Thus, Bloom's Taxonomy can be used as an integrative learning model that enriches the Islamic education process and strengthens its role in character and civilization formation. Consequently, Islamic educators need to develop learning strategies that not only measure cognitive abilities but also foster students' religious attitudes and skills, leading to individuals of faith, knowledge, and noble character.

This study aims to analyze significant differences in learning motivation and critical thinking skills simultaneously between students who learn with differentiated learning and those who do not, determine the effective contribution of the implementation of differentiated learning on acid-base materials to learning motivation and critical thinking skills of students simultaneously, to determine the effective contribution of differentiated learning implementation on acid-base material to high school students' learning motivation, to determine the effective contribution of differentiated learning on acid-base material to high school students' critical thinking skills, to determine the level of achievement of students' critical thinking skills in experimental and control classes. This study used a quasi-experiment model with a pretest-posttest control group design. The sample of this study consisted of two classes, namely experimental class and control class, with random sampling. The experimental class used differentiated learning, while the control class used discovery learning. Critical thinking skills data were obtained from the description test data and learning motivation data through questionnaires. MANOVA test was used to analyze differences in critical thinking skills and student learning motivation in experimental and control classes simultaneously. Test of between subject effects is used to analyze differences in each dependent variable in experimental and control classes. Partial eta square test is used to analyze the effective contribution of differentiated learning to the dependent variable. Descriptive statistics to determine the level of achievement of critical thinking skills. The results showed there were significant differences in learning motivation and critical thinking skills simultaneously and individually between students who used differentiated learning and those who did not, the effective contribution of differentiated learning on acid-base materials to critical thinking skills and student learning motivation simultaneously was 16.9% (high), the effective contribution of differentiated learning on acid-base material to students' critical thinking skills is 6. 1% (medium), the effective contribution of differentiated learning on acid-base material to student learning motivation is 12% (medium), the level of achievement of critical thinking skills in the experimental class is in the good category, while in the control class in the sufficient category.

Human philosophy is one of the branches of philosophy that explores the essence of human beings, their existence, the values inherent within them, and their relationship with the surrounding environment. In Indonesia, the study of philosophy is often perceived as an abstract subject, distant from everyday life. However, when students are introduced to various cross-cultural philosophical perspectives, a new awareness emerges about what it truly means to be human in a richer and more reflective sense. This study employs a qualitative approach to provide contextual and narrative understanding of students’ experiences in learning human philosophy from diverse cultural and global perspectives. In-depth interviews were conducted with 24 students who had taken the human philosophy course, and the data were analyzed using content analysis to identify key emerging themes. The findings revealed six major themes: developing critical and reflective thinking, understanding cultural diversity, strengthening ethics and morality, increasing self-awareness, making decisions through philosophical perspectives, and fostering tolerance and appreciation for differences. These findings highlight that the study of human philosophy is not only academically relevant but also transformative in shaping students’ character and global awareness. Therefore, it is recommended that human philosophy be taught using a multicultural and global approach, rather than being limited to a single cultural perspective.

This study analyzes the phenomenon of limited digital literacy on the social media platform Instagram, particularly concerning users’ tendency to respond emotionally to provocative titles (clickbait) without fully reading and comprehending the content. Employing a qualitative case study approach, the research highlights behavioral patterns in which users prioritize quick responses over critical understanding. The findings reveal that the primary factor contributing to this phenomenon is the attention economy, where users are accustomed to instant access to information and feel compelled to engage immediately in public discourse. The implications of this behavior include the proliferation of misinformation and the intensification of opinion polarization. This study recommends the need for more structured digital literacy education and the implementation of platform features that encourage users to engage with content before interacting. The tendency to react without thoroughly evaluating content contributes to an increasingly fragmented digital space where echo chambers thrive. This study recommends the need for more structured digital literacy education, focusing on critical thinking and the importance of evaluating content before sharing or reacting. Additionally, it suggests the implementation of platform features that encourage users to engage with content in a more thoughtful and responsible manner, helping mitigate the spread of misinformation.