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Hypertension is one of the major health problems in the elderly and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. The low level of knowledge among the elderly about risk factors and prevention of hypertension is one of the challenges in controlling this disease. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of health education in increasing the knowledge of the elderly about hypertension at the Meohai Center in Kendari City. The study design used a pre-experimental approach with pre-test and post-test without a control group, involving 22 elderly individuals. The education was conducted through interactive lectures and visual educational media. The results showed an increase in the average knowledge score from 8.04 to 9.09 after the intervention, with a paired t-test yielding a p-value of 0.007, indicating a significant difference. These findings indicate that counseling is effective in increasing the knowledge of the elderly about hypertension. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of continuous education programs to support hypertension prevention efforts in the elderly

Social media has become an integral part of adolescent life, including that of junior high school students. While it offers benefits in terms of communication and access to information, social media also brings negative impacts on students’ ethical development, such as impolite behavior, the spread of hoaxes, and cyberbullying. This study aims to describe the strategies implemented by SMP Negeri 05 Kota Bengkulu in addressing the negative effects of social media on student ethics. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method with data collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings reveal that the school implements five main strategies: (1) internal policies such as prohibiting the use of mobile phones during class hours, (2) integration of character education into the curriculum, (3) implementation of digital literacy programs, (4) collaboration with parents in monitoring social media use at home, and (5) positive utilization of social media for publishing student work and promoting digital ethics campaigns. These strategies have proven effective in shaping responsible digital behavior and reinforcing students’ ethical values. These findings align with previous studies that emphasize the importance of character education, digital literacy , and school–parent collaboration in fostering students’ digital ethics. Through an educational and preventive approach, school strategies can serve as an effective solution in addressing ethical challenges in the digital era.

Penulis menyimpulkan dalam studi ini bahwa. Studi ini merumuskan masalah mengenai dampak signifikan program pelatihan dan pengembangan sumber daya manusia terhadap kinerja karyawan, baik secara individu maupun kolektif. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menguji dampak program pelatihan terhadap kinerja karyawan dan untuk menilai sejauh mana pengembangan sumber daya manusia memengaruhi kinerja karyawan. Untuk mengevaluasi dampak simultan program pelatihan dan pengembangan sumber daya manusia terhadap kinerja karyawan. Sampel studi terdiri dari 85 karyawan. Studi ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis regresi linier berganda sebagai pendekatan analisis datanya. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa program pelatihan berdampak positif terhadap kinerja karyawan, pengembangan sumber daya manusia memengaruhi kinerja karyawan secara positif, dan baik program pelatihan maupun pengembangan sumber daya manusia secara kolektif meningkatkan kinerja karyawan.

Ethical leadership is a crucial foundation for building an organizational culture of integrity, especially in this era of technological disruption and socio-economic complexity. This study examines how ethical leadership is implemented at Kopdit Bintang Timur, a credit union in Sikka Regency, to shape an organizational culture of integrity. Employing a descriptive narrative method with interview and observation techniques targeting managers and deputy managers, this research finds that ethical values such as honesty, fairness, and mutual cooperation are instilled through leader role modeling, transparent financial management, and active member participation. Key challenges include the difficulty of maintaining ethics amidst personal interests; however, routine oversight systems and fair complaint handling help to maintain integrity. The results indicate that ethical leadership contributes to member trust and organizational sustainability. Recommendations for development include formal ethics training programs and the utilization of technology to enhance transparency.

Discipline is a fundamental characteristic that supports student learning success. However, at the UPT SMPN 2 Galesong Selatan, high rates of lateness and irregular student behavior are still found, so an in-depth study of the school's role in fostering such discipline is needed. This study aims to understand school dynamics, identify supporting and inhibiting factors, and formulate effective strategies for improving disciplined behavior. Using qualitative methods and an interpretive phenomenological approach, data were obtained through interviews, 14 days of observation, and documentation review. Then, they were analyzed using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña model. The research findings indicate that coordination between the principal, vice principal for student affairs, guidance counselor, and student council president has a significant contribution to fostering student discipline. The micro-skills-based counseling program and the “Discipline Challenge” activity initiated by the student council have proven effective in increasing student compliance. The main obstacles that still arise include low parental involvement and increased teacher fatigue during the final lesson period. Based on these results, the study concluded that the implementation of teacher rotation on duty, the use of digital behavioral contracts, and strengthening the role of the Student Council (OSIS) are relevant and sustainable strategies in efforts to improve student discipline.

This study investigates strategies for improving social rehabilitation services for people with physical disabilities through technology-based approaches and family involvement at UPT Social Rehabilitation Bina Laras Pasuruan, East Java. Employing a qualitative case study design, data were collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, observation, and documentation with rehabilitation staff, persons with disabilities, family members, and technology specialists. Findings reveal that integrating digital technologies—including mobile health applications, telemedicine platforms, and assistive devices—significantly enhances service accessibility and monitoring capabilities. Structured family involvement programs, encompassing psychoeducation sessions, home-based care training, and support groups, demonstrate substantial improvements in rehabilitation outcomes. Critical success factors include adequate technological infrastructure, staff digital literacy, family commitment, and inter-agency coordination. Challenges include the digital divide, resistance to technological adoption, and sustainability concerns. The research concludes that a hybrid model combining technology-enabled services with intensive family participation offers the most promising approach and recommends policy frameworks that institutionalise these innovations while ensuring equitable access across diverse beneficiary populations

This meta-review comprehensively examines the effectiveness of social reintegration programs designed for trauma survivors living in territories under foreign occupation in the Middle East, through a systematic analysis of 47 empirical studies with a total of 12,487 participants published between 2010 and 2024. The synthesis indicates that program success rates reached 73.8 percent with a 95 percent confidence interval (70.2–77.4), supported by a strong effect size in reducing PTSD symptoms with a Cohen's d value of 0.82. When effectiveness was compared across intervention approaches, community-based programs demonstrated a more substantial impact, with a correlation of r=0.67 (p<0.001), compared with individual interventions, which yielded a correlation of r=0.43 (p<0.01).

This study critically examines the effectiveness of early intervention programs in addressing war-related trauma in the Middle East by meta-synthesizing forty-seven interventions implemented between 2010 and 2024. The analysis demonstrates that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) based interventions achieved a success rate of 78.3 percent with p value less than 0.001 in reducing post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, with an effect size of d equal to 0.86 indicating substantial therapeutic strength. Group based interventions showed higher effectiveness (83.2 percent) than individual approaches (71.5 percent), and programs involving family support yielded better recovery outcomes (84.7 percent) than those without family involvement (69.3 percent). Regression analysis identified three primary predictors of successful intervention outcomes, namely intervention duration (beta 0.42, p value less than 0.001), therapist cultural competence (beta 0.38, p value less than 0.001), and the integration of social support systems (beta 0.35, p value less than 0.001). These findings expand on prior studies by Ennis et al. (2020) and Mawar et al. (2025), which were limited to evaluating CBT effectiveness, and also reinforce the significance of cultural dimensions and social support systems as critical determinants. In contrast to the meta analysis by Nocon et al. (2017), which reported an effectiveness rate of 65 percent for individual interventions, the present study reveals the superiority of group based approaches in communal Middle Eastern societies. The novelty of this study lies in its comprehensive identification of culturally sensitive determinants of early intervention success and the formulation of an integrative model positioning family support as an essential component in protocols for war-related trauma care.

This research has a purpose to determine the effect of online transaction security on purchasing decisions through the Shopee application. The respondents consisted of 74 students from the Digital Business Study Program at Universitas Amikom Purwokerto who actively use Shopee. This research employed a quantitative descriptive method with simple linear regression analysis. The results indicate that online transaction security has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, with a regression coefficient of 0.887 and a significance value of 0.000. The coefficient of determination of 35.2% shows that transaction security contributes to purchasing decisions, while the remaining percentage is influenced by other factors. The higher the level of security perceived by consumers during online transactions, the greater the likelihood of making a purchase. These findings highlight the importance of improving security systems and information transparency on e-commerce platforms such as Shopee to create a safe, comfortable, and trustworthy shopping experience for users.

This study examines the implementation of social rehabilitation program policies for people with physical disabilities at the Technical Implementation Unit (UPT) Social Rehabilitation Bina Laras Pasuruan under the East Java Provincial Social Service. Using George C. Edwards III's policy implementation model, this research analyses four key variables: communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. This qualitative descriptive study employed interviews, observation, and documentation as data collection techniques. The findings reveal that the implementation has been running reasonably well, with clear communication channels established between program implementers and beneficiaries. However, several challenges persist, including limited human resources, particularly professional social workers and medical rehabilitation specialists, as well as budget constraints affecting service quality. The disposition of implementers shows a positive attitude toward policy goals, though the bureaucratic structure requires improvement in coordination mechanisms. The study concludes that while the social rehabilitation program has improved the quality of life for persons with disabilities, optimising policy implementation requires addressing resource limitations, strengthening inter-agency coordination, and enhancing community participation in rehabilitation efforts

The community service program in Purworejo Village, Sragi District, Pekalongan Regency, was implemented to enhance the capacity of local MSME actors in utilizing digital technology as a modern marketing tool. The program adopted a participatory approach involving youth organizations, business actors, village authorities, and the implementation team in every stage of the activity. Assistance included field observation, data collection, content development training, and the creation of a dedicated MSME website as a shared promotional platform. The results indicate significant social changes within the community, including improved digital literacy, stronger awareness of the importance of technology-based marketing, the emergence of local youth as digital facilitators, and the development of collaborative working patterns in managing digital media. These findings reinforce that participatory-based mentoring can strengthen community capacity in adopting technology, consistent with theoretical perspectives that position the community as key agents of local development. Therefore, the program not only produced a functional digital product in the form of an MSME website but also laid the foundation for a more adaptive, competitive, and sustainable village economic ecosystem..

TJSL/CSR in Indonesia is regulated as a legal obligation (mandatory) for companies engaged in the natural resources sector. Its success depends on the principle of accountability, which requires transparency and responsibility. This normative-juridical study evaluates the application of accountability principles in the mining sector. Normatively, PP 47/2012 requires CSR to be listed as an expense and focused on sustainable development (PPM). However, this regulation is not robust because it does not set a minimum fund allocation or clear program boundaries, allowing for multiple interpretations. Empirically (Sekotong case study), accountability is implemented in a formalistic manner, consisting only of one-way administrative reports without meaningful participation from the affected communities. A significant weakness is apparent when dealing with the increase in illegal gold mining (PETI) in legal concession areas. This situation results in a vacuum of responsibility. Companies can claim environmental damage caused by PETI, so that responsibility does not successfully ensnare corporate negligence in prevention efforts. The CSR accountability structure in Indonesia is weak because it only emphasizes activities that are carried out, not negligence that is overlooked. Regulatory reform is needed so that accountability includes passive responsibility to ensure that TJSL functions as a significant instrument of sustainable development.

Food-based micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) play a crucial role in supporting household economic growth, including in Sialang Village, Bangkinang Subdistrict. One of the local businesses, “Keripik Cabe dan Mie Kuning Bu Inun,” produces cassava chips using traditional frying methods, which result in high oil absorption, inconsistent quality, short shelf life, and low production efficiency. Limited knowledge of food processing technology, sanitation, and food safety standards further hinders business development. This community service program aims to address these challenges through the application of low-oil frying technology, training on Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), production assistance, and periodic evaluation. The implementation method includes field observation, technical training, technology demonstration, production mentoring, and monitoring. The results show significant improvements in product quality, indicated by lower oil content, crispier texture, brighter color, and longer shelf life. Efficiency in oil usage and process stability also increased. Moreover, the knowledge and skills of MSME actors in sanitation, food safety, and production management improved considerably. Overall, the program successfully enhanced the competitiveness of the MSME, strengthened production sustainability, and provided positive economic impacts. This initiative can serve as a replicable model for other food MSMEs facing similar challenges.

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of reconstruction strategies for mental health services in post-conflict regions of the Middle East, based on a meta-synthesis of 87 policies and intervention programs issued between 2010 and 2023. The findings indicate that 73.4 percent of initiatives did not meet their intended targets due to infrastructural limitations, resulting in a service dropout rate of 62.8 percent. The implementation of the Stepped Care Model shows a 47.2 percent improvement in service access (p = 0.001), while the integration of mental health services into primary health care systems increases overall coverage by 56.3 percent (p = 0.001). Task shifting to community health workers enhances efficiency by 38.9 percent (p = 0.01) with a cost-effectiveness ratio of 1 to 2.7, and community-based programs demonstrate a sustainability rate of 71.2 percent compared to 43.5 percent in conventional approaches. These findings build upon the work of Hamamra et al. (2025) and Werner et al. (2023) on post-conflict mental health interventions and show that hybrid models combining formal and informal structures yield better performance, with an effect size (Cohen's d) of 0.82. The main contribution of this study lies in identifying adaptive implementation patterns that align with resource limitations, socio-cultural dynamics, and systemic reconstruction needs in post-conflict settings.

This study examines innovative strategies to strengthen institutional and technological aspects of implementing the e-market retribution system to enhance transparency and accountability in Blitar Regency, East Java, Indonesia. The research employs a qualitative case study approach, utilising in-depth interviews with key informants from the Department of Trade, market managers, traders, and stakeholders, along with secondary data from official documents. The theoretical framework integrates New Public Management, Technology Acceptance Model, and Good Governance principles. Findings reveal that e-market retribution implementation faces both opportunities and challenges in institutional strengthening and technology adoption. Innovative strategies developed include: institutional restructuring through clear role division; capacity-building programs for human resources; technological integration through QRIS digital payment systems; stakeholder engagement through participatory approaches; and monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to ensure accountability. The study concludes that successful implementation requires a comprehensive approach combining institutional strengthening, technological readiness, and stakeholder collaboration. This research contributes to the literature on digital transformation in local government revenue management and provides practical recommendations for regions implementing similar innovations

Mathematics is often considered one of the most challenging subjects because it requires strong spatial and cognitive abilities, especially in geometry, which involves three-dimensional concepts. Traditional teaching methods, such as textbook illustrations and verbal explanations, are often insufficient to help students understand abstract geometric concepts. The advancement of technology, particularly Augmented Reality (AR), offers innovative learning opportunities that combine real-world environments with digital content to enhance students’ understanding through interactive visualization. This community service activity aimed to explore teachers’ perceptions of using the GLARE (Geometry Learning using Augmented Reality Experience) application as a teaching aid in geometry learning. The program included training sessions, mentoring, and discussions with mathematics teachers at the secondary school level. The results showed that teachers had positive perceptions of using AR-based learning media, considering it effective in improving students’ conceptual understanding, engagement, and learning motivation. However, challenges remain regarding limited technical skills and school facilities for AR implementation. Overall, this program contributed to increasing teachers’ competence in integrating digital technology into mathematics education and promoting innovative, interactive, and technology-based learning approaches

. Industrial Internship (KPI) is a form of student learning that emphasizes the direct application of knowledge in the workplace. This study aims to describe the procedures for employee competency development at PPSDM Migas Cepu as an effort to improve organizational performance. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method with data collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis. The findings indicate that competency development at PPSDM Migas is carried out systematically through three main stages: identifying and planning development needs, implementing training programs, and evaluating outcomes using the CIPP, Kirkpatrick, and Kirkpatrick-Philips models. Training activities include courses, workshops, on-the-job training, and certification programs. Evaluations are conducted periodically to ensure program effectiveness and alignment with organizational needs. These findings highlight the importance of human resource management and supervisor involvement in maximizing competency development outcomes. The results of this internship can serve as a reference for designing training programs in similar institutions.

This study discusses the design and development of an automatic safety system for a wood cutting machine using Arduino Uno, a PIR (Passive Infrared) sensor, and a servo motor as the main components. The system is designed to automatically stop the movement of the wood cutting machine when human motion is detected around the cutting area, thereby minimizing the risk of work-related accidents. The research method includes hardware design, microcontroller programming, and system response testing using two types of test objects: the human body and a wooden block. The results show that the system operates according to the programmed logic. When the PIR sensor detects human motion, the servo motor stops and the red LED lights up as a danger indicator. In contrast, when no human motion is detected, the servo motor continues to move normally and the green LED remains on as a safe indicator. The system’s average response time is 0.6 seconds, indicating a fast and accurate performance. Therefore, the designed system is considered effective and can serve as a prototype of a simple safety tool to enhance operator safety in wood cutting machines.

Character development and organizational skills for students are essential aspects of the development of student organizations, including outdoor enthusiast groups. This activity aims to provide socialization on motivation, leadership, and organizational management to prospective members of MAPALA Surya Rimba at Muhammadiyah University of Purworejo. The community service activity was conducted on November 15, 2025, at 07:30 WIB, at the campus of Muhammadiyah University of Purworejo. This event is part of the 27th basic training (Diklatsar) series of MAPALA Surya Rimba. The methods used in this activity include interactive lectures, discussions, case studies, and organizational simulations. The results of the activity showed an increase in participants' understanding of achievement motivation, organizational management, roles of members, and basic coordination skills within an organization. Additionally, this activity triggered participants' awareness to build character, discipline, responsibility, teamwork, and to reflect the professional attitude of MAPALA members. This activity has the potential to be developed into a continuous development program to strengthen leadership quality and organizational management within MAPALA Surya Rimba.

Robotic extracurricular activities have the potential to develop students' creativity. The implementation of robotics extracurricular programs in improving students' creativity is an activity or activity that is determined outside of class hours, usually aimed at expanding students' insight or knowledge and skills related to technology, operation or development of human machines and human machine systems. The purpose of this study is to describe the design, process, and assessment of robotics extracurricular programs in improving students' creativity at MIN 2 Kediri. This research is a qualitative research with a case study research type. Data collection techniques use interviews, observation, and documentation. Meanwhile, for data analysis, researchers perform data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. This study produces findings that the robotics extracurricular program in improving students' creativity at MIN 2 Kediri has been running effectively. The methods used in the robotics extracurricular program are the PjBL method, STEM, demonstration, and practice.