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This study analyzes the role of women in sustaining social harmony and strengthening multicultural education within the multiethnic society of Singkawang through a critical literature review approach. By integrating the Feminist Peace Theory and Multicultural Education Theory, this research examines both national and international scholarly works that explore women’s contributions to peacebuilding and multicultural education in Southeast Asia. The review reveals that women serve as cultural mediators, peace educators, and social innovators through interethnic and interfaith engagements such as cultural festivals, interreligious forums, and community-based initiatives. Despite notable progress in promoting multicultural education in Singkawang, gender perspectives remain insufficiently integrated into educational practices. Through a synthesis of the reviewed literature, this study proposes a conceptual framework of Gendered Multicultural Peace Education (GMPE), comprising three interrelated dimensions: women’s empowerment in educational and social leadership, empathy-based interethnic learning, and the integration of gender equality into curricula and school culture. The model underscores the strategic role of women as transformative agents and peace educators in multiethnic societies. The findings provide significant implications for the development of gender-sensitive and inclusive educational policies in Indonesia

Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) as Islamic educational institutions face modernization challenges in developing effective learning methods. Action learning as an experience and reflection-based learning approach emerges as a relevant alternative. This article aims to conduct a systematic literature review on the implementation of action learning and experiential learning in Indonesian Islamic boarding school education. The research method uses a systematic literature review approach by analyzing 15 indexed journal articles from the 2018-2025 period. Inclusion criteria include articles in Indonesian and English, published in accredited journals, and discussing action learning or experiential learning in Islamic boarding schools. Analysis results reveal three main findings: (1) action research has been implemented to address specific problems such as student mental health with humanistic and participatory approaches, (2) experiential learning is applied through hadith learning, entrepreneurship programs, and life skills development that enhance cognitive abilities, communication, and student adaptation, (3) integration of action learning with pesantren values creates a distinctive learning model combining tradition and innovation. Identified research gaps include minimal longitudinal studies, lack of long-term impact measurement, and limited comparative analysis among pesantren. This study recommends developing a theoretical framework for action learning contextual to pesantren characteristics and further research with more comprehensive methodologies.

This research is motivated by the complex phenomena that occur within modern organizations, where the dynamics of power, influence, and empowerment often determine work behavior and leadership effectiveness. In many organizations, poorly managed internal politics can lead to conflict, injustice, and decreased work motivation, whereas empowerment and ethical leadership can foster a highly competitive and collaborative culture. Based on this reality, the study aims to deeply analyze how the concepts of influencing, empowering, and organizational politics interact and affect the dynamics of work behavior, as well as to identify leadership strategies capable of managing organizational politics positively while creating an effective empowerment system for all members. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method using secondary data obtained through a literature review of various academic sources, scholarly journals, and previous relevant studies. The results show that organizational success largely depends on a leader's ability to balance power and participation, control and freedom, as well as individual and collective interests. The application of leadership strategies grounded in ethics, transparency, and empowerment has been proven to transform organizational politics into a positive force that enhances performance, loyalty, and trust among members. Thus, the integration of influence, empowerment, and organizational politics not only strengthens leadership effectiveness but also creates a productive, fair, and sustainable work environment.

This study aims to analyze the contributions and controversies of Orientalist interpretation in the process of reforming modern Islamic thought, particularly in the Indonesian academic and intellectual context. This study uses library research methods by examining a number of scholarly articles and books discussing the influence of Orientalism on the study of interpretation and hadith. The results show that the Orientalist approach, through historical-critical, philological, and hermeneutical methods, has made a significant contribution to the expansion of a more contextual and rational interpretation methodology. This approach has encouraged the emergence of a new epistemological awareness among Muslim commentators and thinkers in examining sacred texts more scientifically and openly to modern realities. However, this study also uncovered a number of fundamental controversies. Orientalists are often seen as reducing sacred texts to mere historical artifacts and are considered to carry ideological biases and colonial missions that have the potential to shift the authenticity of revelation and local Islamic identity. Thus, the reform of modern Islamic thought ideally does not reject all Orientalist approaches, but rather carries out critical integration while maintaining a balance between scientific methodology and normative faith. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of developing a contextual interpretation of the Nusantara that utilizes the advantages of orientalist methodology without losing the roots of Islamic tradition.

This study aims to evaluate the influence of Green Finance, Profitability, and Capital Structure on Firm Value in the mining sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2019 to 2023. The research is motivated by the growing importance of sustainability and financial management strategies in enhancing corporate competitiveness in an increasingly globalized market. A quantitative approach was employed using multiple linear regression analysis, with 22 companies selected through purposive sampling. The findings indicate that, simultaneously, the three independent variables have a significant effect on firm value. Individually, Green Finance and Capital Structure have a positive and significant influence, while Profitability does not show a significant impact. Capital Structure is found to be the most dominant factor affecting firm value, followed by Green Finance. This suggests that companies with sound capital management and strong commitment to sustainability practices are more valued by the market. This research contributes to both theoretical and practical perspectives in financial management, particularly in understanding how financing strategies and sustainability efforts influence market valuation. The findings also recommend that mining companies strengthen their integration of ESG principles and enhance financial efficiency to support long-term value creation and competitiveness

The global economy is increasingly marked by volatility, uncertainty, and disruption, compelling organizations to adopt business agility as a means of survival and competitiveness. Conventional agility emphasizes speed, responsiveness, and innovation, yet often lacks the ethical foundation required for long-term sustainability. In contrast, Islamic economic thought, guided by Maqasid al-Shariah—the preservation of religion, life, intellect, lineage, and wealth—prioritizes justice, fairness, and social responsibility in economic activities. This study analyzes how the principles of Maqasid can be aligned with business agility to form an ethically grounded and adaptive business model. Employing a qualitative research design with a library research approach, the study synthesizes insights from existing literature on agility, Islamic economics, and Maqasid through thematic content analysis. The findings indicate that while agility strengthens resilience and competitiveness, it requires Maqasid as a moral compass to ensure value-driven adaptability. The integration of agility and Maqasid creates a synergy that enables Islamic enterprises not only to withstand global turbulence but also to differentiate themselves as ethical, sustainable, and competitive actors in the global market. This research therefore proposes a Shariah-compliant agility model that balances responsiveness with ethical accountability, offering theoretical contributions to academic discourse and practical implications for Islamic financial institutions, halal industries, and Shariah-based SMEs. The study also highlights the role of policymakers in developing supportive frameworks that foster innovation while safeguarding Shariah compliance. Overall, the study underscores that agility guided by Maqasid is not merely a survival strategy but a pathway to global leadership in ethical and sustainable business practices.

APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) have become a key component in the development of modern digital products and the transformation of cloud-based services. Its ability to provide structured access to data and enable cross-platform integration makes APIs at the core of the enterprise's digital architecture. However, the high level of API openness poses increasingly complex security challenges, including potential data exploitation, injection attacks, credential misuse, and exploitation of business logic loopholes. This article examines the strategic role of APIs in the digital ecosystem, analyzes the operational risks that arise from API exposure, and evaluates the effectiveness of basic defense mechanisms such as API Gateways and Web Application Firewalls (WAFs). The findings of the study show that while both solutions play an important role in controlling access, filtering, and mitigating attacks at the surface layer, they have not been able to provide comprehensive protection against modern API threats that are dynamic, distributed, and often exploit weaknesses at the application and business logic levels. Therefore, a more holistic, layered, and sustainable API security approach is needed, including anomalous behavior detection, API abuse protection, and real-time monitoring to maintain the integrity and reliability of digital services.  

Salam Pacific Indonesia Lines is a company included in the largest domestic shipping industry in the field of logistics and sea transportation services with a focus on inter-island container transportation in Indonesia using ships. This paper aims to determine how the container utilization strategy in improving logistics efficiency by PT. Salam Pacific Indonesia Lines Medan Branch. The process begins with selecting the right type of container, standardization and consolidation of cargo, integration of digital logistics systems, and optimization of routes and modes of transportation. In compiling this paper, the author applies several methods, including field studies or direct observations in the field, and library studies or literature reviews. The goal is to understand more deeply how PT. Salam Pacific Indonesia Lines Medan branch implements a container utilization strategy to improve efficiency in logistics activities. The obstacles faced in handling this are fleet and vehicle constraints, limited promotion and adjustment of application technology, traffic congestion, and weather and safety factors. In addition, inefficiencies in the distribution process, lack of good cooperation and coordination, and technological limitations are obstacles in optimizing container use. Good coordination can improve the service of goods delivery activities so that they can run smoothly, safely and efficiently.

This study discusses Ahmad Muhammad Mustain Nasoha’s perspective on Human Rights (HAM) and the Democratic Rule of Law, emphasizing the relationship between national law and Islamic law in ensuring human dignity and justice. Using a qualitative method and literature study approach, this research analyzes the interaction between citizenship, human rights, and democracy within Indonesia’s legal framework. The study reveals that both national and Islamic law aim to protect individual rights and maintain justice, though they differ in philosophical foundations and application. National law defines citizenship and human rights through constitutional and legal frameworks, while Islamic law bases them on divine principles emphasizing moral and social responsibility. The integration of these two legal systems is essential to realize a democratic state that upholds human values, social justice, and equality. The study concludes that harmonizing Islamic law with Indonesia’s national law strengthens the implementation of human rights and supports the development of a just and democratic legal state.

This study aims to examine Ibn Khaldun’s concept of character education and its relevance in shaping the personality of Generation Z in the digital era. The background of this research stems from the growing moral and social challenges faced by young people due to rapid technological advancement and the influence of globalization. This research employs a qualitative method using a library research approach by analyzing Ibn Khaldun’s works and related literature on Islamic character education. The findings reveal that Ibn Khaldun’s perspective on character education emphasizes the balance between ‘ilm (knowledge), adab (morality and ethics), and ‘ashabiyyah (social solidarity) as the foundation for forming a civilized individual. These values are highly relevant to be applied in modern education through teacher role modeling, habituation of positive behavior, and the integration of moral values into the curriculum. The implication of this study highlights that internalizing Ibn Khaldun’s principles of character education can serve as an effective strategy to develop a knowledgeable, ethical, and resilient generation capable of facing contemporary challenges.

This study aims to analyze the multidimensional integration between theology and management in developing an ethical, holistic, and human-centered paradigm of Christian leadership. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method through a comprehensive literature analysis of contemporary theological and managerial works. The findings demonstrate that theology serves as a normative foundation that shapes managerial decision-making processes and guides the moral direction of organizations. The integration of spiritual, social, and practical dimensions produces a leadership model emphasizing love, honesty, justice, responsibility, and service. These results indicate that theology functions not merely as a reflection of faith but also as a conceptual framework that directs management practices toward sustainability and social balance. The multidimensional theological approach bridges faith values with concrete actions in modern organizations, offering substantial contributions to the development of character-based, humanistic, and transformative management. Consequently, this study enriches the academic discourse on theology-management integration and provides a conceptual reference for constructing ethical leadership models in the global era.

as a process of managing all components of education so that they run in a directed, orderly, and coordinated manner. However, what often occurs in the field, educational administration does not always run in accordance with the principles of efficiency, justice, and transparency. Several forms of damage or problems often arise due to weak management, a lack of understanding of the philosophical values ​​​​of education, and low integrity in the management of educational institutions, which also have a direct impact on the decline in the quality of education and the failure to achieve national education goals. Philosophy plays a major role in educational administration, serving as a foundation for thought, ethical guidelines, and determinants of direction at every stage of educational management. Philosophy helps educational managers to think rationally, critically, and reflectively in facing various problems, so that decisions taken are not merely technical, but also based on considerations of values ​​​​and justice. This study aims to understand the relationship between philosophical administration values ​​​and educational practices in the context of decision-making. This study uses a qualitative approach, where data collection is carried out through a literature review derived from scientific articles relevant to the research topic. The study has shown that philosophical values ​​play a significant role in shaping ethical principles in educational administration. The conclusion that can be given is that the integration between philosophy and educational administration can strengthen the moral basis and direction of the goals of educational institutions.

Research aims to explore the influence of robo-advisor usage, trust in artificial intelligence (AI), financial literacy, and risk tolerance on investment behavior and its impact on the portfolio performance of retail investors in Indonesia. This study applies a quantitative approach, collecting data from 100 respondents who use investment applications such as Bibit, Ajaib, and Bareksa through the distribution of structured questionnaires with a 5-point Likert scale. Data analysis was carried out using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique. The results indicate that the four independent variables robo-advisor usage, trust in AI, financial literacy, and risk tolerance significantly affect investment behavior, which in turn has a positive effect on portfolio performance. High trust in AI combined with strong financial literacy fosters more disciplined and rational investment behavior. These findings highlight the importance of effective AI technology integration, improving financial literacy, and managing risk preferences to enhance investment decision-making quality and financial well-being. The study contributes to behavioral finance literature and offers practical implications for fintech developers and policymakers in emerging markets.

This study presents a literature review that investigates the role of strategic planning in enhancing employee performance and strengthening supplier relationship management within the food and beverage (F&B) business sector in Semarang City. Strategic planning, as the independent variable, is critical in defining the company’s vision, mission, objectives, and policies, which directly influence the productivity, effectiveness, and engagement of employees, the dependent variable. By systematically analyzing a wide range of literature sources, including peer-reviewed journals, articles, and other reputable publications, this study highlights the multifaceted benefits of effective strategic planning. The analysis reveals that organizations that implement clear and well-structured strategic plans are more likely to experience improved employee motivation, higher performance levels, greater job satisfaction, and increased employee loyalty. Additionally, the study emphasizes the importance of establishing and maintaining strong, strategic relationships with suppliers, which contribute to operational stability, efficient supply chain management, and enhanced competitiveness in the F&B industry. The findings suggest that strategic planning and supplier relationship management are interrelated and mutually reinforcing processes that help businesses anticipate market demands, optimize resource allocation, and respond effectively to operational challenges. Ultimately, the integration of these two factors provides a sustainable competitive advantage, enabling F&B businesses in Semarang to improve internal performance while simultaneously strengthening external partnerships. This study underscores the necessity for managers and business owners to prioritize strategic planning and supplier relationship management as essential components of long-term business success in a highly dynamic and competitive market environment.

This study explores the intersection of Artificial Intelligence (AI), agriculture, and decolonial philosophy, emphasizing the role of local knowledge as the foundation for sustainable agricultural technology in Indonesia. The research investigates how AI can be developed not as a tool of technological domination but as a dialogical partner that recognizes the epistemic value of indigenous wisdom. Using a mixed-method approach, the study combines algorithmic experiments applying lightweight Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) with Explainable AI (XAI) methods such as SHAP and LIME with participatory interviews involving farmers in Bima District. Empirical findings show that models integrated with localized visualization and community-based interpretability improved user trust by 84% and reduced computational energy by 28% without compromising accuracy. More importantly, the interaction between AI and farmers revealed a form of epistemic integration where algorithmic logic aligns with traditional indicators, such as soil texture, humidity, and seasonal signs known to local farmers. Philosophically, this research asserts that sustainable AI should emerge from ecological and cultural contexts rather than imposing external frameworks. In the decolonial sense, it positions local farmers not as passive users but as active epistemic agents shaping the meaning of technology. Thus, AI becomes not only a technical instrument but a site of ethical and epistemic liberation that reaffirms human responsibility toward knowledge, culture, and the earth.

This study aims to develop a social media-based learning platform, specifically an Instagram account (@AIK_Muh5), for Islamic Religious Education (AIK) at Muhammadiyah Junior High School, using the first two stages of the ADDIE model (Analysis and Design). The study is based on theoretical frameworks such as social media-based learning, the challenges of AIK in the 21st century, and educational theories like constructivism and connectivism. The platform is designed to offer interactive and engaging learning through visual content like infographics, educational videos, and Instagram’s interactive features (polls, stories, comments, and live sessions). This approach aims to enhance students' digital literacy, provide relevant content, and strengthen Islamic character. While the platform has potential, it faces limitations, including a lack of empirical data to measure its effectiveness, the risk of oversimplifying complex AIK material, and an unclear evaluation system. Additionally, access issues and age restrictions hinder its use. The study suggests continuous development, integration with face-to-face learning, and inclusive strategies to ensure equitable access for all students, positioning this platform as a model for AIK learning in the digital age.

This study analyzes the mechanism of money creation in Islamic financial institutions by examining its relationship with prudential principles and financial intermediation. The research is motivated by the growth of Indonesia’s Islamic capital market, which reached a capitalization of IDR 5,060 trillion in 2025, yet conceptual challenges remain regarding money creation in line with maqashid al-shariah. The study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) using the PRISMA framework, reviewing 38 relevant academic articles. Findings indicate that money creation in Islamic finance occurs only through real-asset-based activities, differing from the conventional system that relies on credit expansion and interest. Intermediation functions are carried out through partnerships emphasizing fair risk and profit sharing, while the prudential principle ensures controlled monetary expansion. The study concludes that the integration of moral and economic dimensions establishes a fair, stable, and sustainable Islamic monetary paradigm and contributes conceptually to strengthening Islamic financial policy in Indonesia.

The halal cosmetics industry in Indonesia has grown rapidly in recent years in line with the increasing awareness of Muslim consumers regarding product safety, cleanliness, and compliance with Islamic law. However, this industry still faces several challenges, particularly related to the availability of halal-certified raw materials, production process standardization, and coordination among key stakeholders. This study aims to analyze the synergy between the government, business actors, and halal certification institutions in the development of the halal cosmetics cluster in Indonesia. Using a qualitative approach and case study design, this research draws on literature analysis and applies the concepts of halal industry clusters and the triple helix model. The results indicate that collaboration among cosmetic manufacturers, government institutions, and certification bodies such as BPOM and LPPOM-MUI has strengthened consumer trust and legal assurance regarding halal products. Nevertheless, barriers remain, including limited knowledge among producers about halal standards and uneven support infrastructures across regions. Therefore, strengthening policy integration, capacity building for industry players, and institutional support is necessary to enhance the competitiveness and sustainability of the halal cosmetics industry in accordance with the principles of Maqashid Sharia.

In the digital age, English Education students still face difficulties in developing Academic English Proficiency because classroom learning is still dominated by traditional methods that are less appealing to digital natives. This study aims to explore and evaluate the integration of TikTok Learning Games (TLG) as a gamification-based learning medium to improve EAP for students in the English Education Study Program at Medan State University. Using a qualitative approach with a limited Research and Development model, data was collected through open-ended questionnaires and digital observations on TikTok, then analyzed using thematic analysis. The results showed that after two weeks of implementing TLG, students experienced improvements in academic vocabulary, pronunciation, contextual understanding, learning motivation, and speaking confidence, with 80% of participants stating that learning felt more enjoyable and less boring. However, a small number of students did not show significant changes due to limited access to technology and inconsistent use. Overall, this study concludes that TLG is an effective and practical digital gamification strategy for improving English proficiency, and can be used as a reference for lecturers in developing social media-based learning innovations in higher education.

Indonesia’s diversity in ethnicity, culture, religion, and language demands an approach that can simultaneously address intellectual, spiritual, and national dimensions. The integration of philosophy, Pancasila, and theology becomes essential in responding to this complex reality. Philosophy strengthens critical and reflective thinking, helping individuals interpret differences with awareness and avoid hasty judgments, which is crucial in reducing social tension and fostering dialogue. Pancasila, as the nation’s ideological foundation, provides an ethical-political framework that guarantees unity, freedom, and justice for all citizens regardless of background. Theology complements these foundations by offering transcendental ethics and spiritual guidance that shape compassionate attitudes toward others and the environment. A contextual and inclusive theological perspective supports religion’s role as a source of enlightenment and encourages interfaith solidarity in a pluralistic society. When these three elements are integrated into education, public policy, and social culture, they help form a society that is intellectually critical, socially inclusive, and spiritually resilient. Core values such as empathy, justice, equality, and shared responsibility can develop more strongly in daily interactions. Although challenges such as identity crises, misinformation, and online intolerance remain, collaboration between the state and civil society is needed to maintain an inclusive public sphere. Through strengthening philosophical education, deepening appreciation of Pancasila, and advancing contextual theology, Indonesia can build a just and harmonious society.