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In the current era of development, globalization is something that almost all individuals cannot avoid. Globalization is an illustrative form of interaction between various individuals in certain types of fields. The emergence of globalization is due to the existence of modern-industrial civilization which is driven by the increase in western culture which has had quite a significant influence. The existence of globalization creates a very fast and unstoppable flow because various information comes from various corners of the world. There are many things that can result from globalization, both positive and negative. One of the negative impacts caused by the influence of globalization is promiscuity. So it is necessary to take preventive measures before this happens and harms many parties. Students from the Faculty of Islamic Sciences, Raden Rahmat Islamic University, Malang themselves chose to hold youth reproductive health outreach activities with the aim of helping and improving the condition of teenagers related to their reproductive health. So that it makes them aware and more diligent in caring for it. Health education carried out in Powocho school grounds or vocational high schools in Thailand itself begins with holding joint sports activities and continues with indoor counseling activities. This information activity on adolescent reproductive health is of great interest to students and it is hoped that it can be used as a lesson and make students more aware of the importance of their reproductive health and also more diligent in caring for and maintaining their health.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of assistance provided to Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in business licensing and the implementation of modern management practices in Keruak Village. The method used involves a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews and participatory observation. The results indicate that the assistance has improved the understanding and capabilities of SME actors in managing business permits and applying modern management principles. This has had a positive impact on enhancing the competitiveness of SMEs in both local and regional markets. The study recommends the need for a sustainable and integrated assistance program to ensure the continued development of SME capacity.

Advances in digital technology in the current Industry 4.0 era have changed and influenced several aspects of human life. Suppose the Indonesian people do not want the identity and character of their community and their cultural riches to be lost at the hands of globalization. In that case, the community must have a robust defence mechanism. One way to build a defense system is through education. Technology and education are two things that cannot be separated. Pesantren is the oldest Islamic education and broadcasting institution in Indonesia. This research aims to examine and formulate the implications of the shift in orientation and value systems of Islamic boarding schools at the modern Islamic boarding school Nurussalam Sidogede (South Sumatra), the modern Islamic boarding school Darul A'mal (Metro Lampung), the Al-Hikmah Islamic boarding school (Bandar Lampung) and the modern Islamic boarding school Al -Muhajirin (Cikarang Bekasi) with an AGIL approach. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The primary data used in this research is sourced from the author's interviews with the Islamic boarding school. The results show that there are several similarity and differences between the transformative Islamic boarding school and non-transformative Islamic boarding school groups in terms of variables or indicators, namely Adaptation (A), Integration (I), Goal (G), and Latent Patten (L).

This research aims to analyze the impact of globalization and digitalization on civic participation in the modern era. Globalization and digitalization have changed various aspects of life, including the way citizens participate in political and social processes. This research uses a literature study method by reviewing various relevant literature, such as scientific journals, books and research reports, to understand how developments in information and communication technology (ICT), as well as global connectedness, influence patterns of civic participation. The research results show that globalization has expanded access to information and increased political awareness at the global level, while digitalization has made it easier for citizens to interact with governments and communities through digital platforms. However, this research also found challenges in the form of the digital divide, disinformation, and uneven engagement across various groups in society. Thus, this research provides insight into the opportunities and challenges in promoting inclusive civic participation in the digital era.

Cloud-based resource allocation and VM/container orchestration play a crucial role in ensuring performance, scalability, and energy efficiency in modern distributed computing environments. This study investigates the effectiveness of centralized and decentralized scheduling models combined with heuristic and optimization-based allocation strategies in container-based cloud infrastructures. A quantitative experimental approach was employed to evaluate system performance under varying workload intensities. Key evaluation metrics included response time, throughput, resource utilization, SLA violation rate, and energy consumption. The experimental results indicate that centralized scheduling mechanisms experience scalability limitations and increased latency under high workload conditions. Although optimization-based allocation improves performance within centralized architectures, coordination bottlenecks remain significant. In contrast, decentralized scheduling models demonstrate superior adaptability, reduced response time, and improved throughput due to distributed decision-making and reduced control overhead. The integration of intelligent optimization techniques further enhances resource utilization and energy efficiency, achieving the lowest SLA violation rates and highest system stability. Overall, the findings confirm that combining decentralized scheduling with optimization-driven resource allocation provides a more scalable and sustainable orchestration strategy for modern cloud environments. This approach is particularly suitable for dynamic, large-scale, and latency-sensitive applications in container-based and edge-integrated cloud systems.

This article explores the importance of a contextual approach in Christian education for young people. By considering the cultural, social, and technological dynamics that influence the lives of young people today, this approach seeks to bridge the Christian faith tradition with modern realities. The research was conducted through a literature review and interviews with Christian educators, which showed that a contextual approach can strengthen spiritual connectedness and the relevance of Christian teachings in everyday life. This article offers practical guidance for educators in implementing this approach in the classroom.

The rapid growth of digital technologies has significantly increased the complexity and frequency of cyber threats, making network security a critical concern in modern information systems. Traditional security approaches, such as rule-based and signature-based systems, are often limited in detecting sophisticated and unknown attacks. Therefore, this study proposes an Anomaly-Based Intrusion Detection System (AbIDS) utilizing machine learning and deep learning techniques to enhance detection capabilities. The research adopts a Design Science Research approach, involving stages of problem identification, data collection, preprocessing, model development, system implementation, and evaluation. Several models, including Decision Tree (DT), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), are implemented and compared. The results indicate that deep learning models, particularly LSTM and CNN, outperform traditional machine learning methods in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score, while maintaining a lower false positive rate. Additionally, the integration of incremental learning enables the system to adapt to new attack patterns without requiring complete retraining, improving scalability and real-time performance. Despite the promising results, challenges such as computational complexity and false positives remain. Overall, the proposed IDS model demonstrates strong potential as an effective and adaptive solution for enhancing network security in dynamic environments.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming mechanical engineering and industrial processes by introducing unprecedented levels of efficiency, precision, and innovation. From predictive maintenance and autonomous robotics to material optimization and digital twins, AI-enabled systems are reshaping the industry landscape. This article examines key applications of AI in mechanical engineering, exploring how they contribute to sustainable industrial innovation, improve productivity, and pave the way for future advancements.

This study examines the complex interplay between formal legal structures, customary practices, and rapid urban development in shaping land ownership dynamics in Batam's old villages (kampung tua). Through a qualitative case study approach, incorporating document analysis, semi-structured interviews, and field observations, we investigate the challenges in reconciling traditional land rights with modern property laws in the context of Batam's development as a free trade zone. Our findings reveal that approximately 70% of land parcels in the studied villages lack formal titles, highlighting the prevalence of informal ownership systems. The research identifies significant legal pluralism, where national land laws, local regulations, and customary (adat) practices coexist and often conflict. Notaries emerge as key actors navigating this complex landscape, often expanding beyond their formal mandate to mediate between different systems of authority and ownership. The study underscores the limitations of current legal frameworks in addressing the unique challenges of land administration in rapidly urbanizing areas with strong customary traditions. We propose the need for more adaptive land governance approaches that can accommodate both formal and informal ownership structures, including specialized legal frameworks for recognizing customary land rights in urban contexts. This research contributes to the broader understanding of land rights issues in the face of rapid urban development and offers insights for policymakers, legal practitioners, and urban planners grappling with similar challenges in other developing regions.

In the modern era of education, the focus of learning has shifted from teacher orientation to student orientation. As educators, it is important to design learning methods that are in accordance with technological developments. Today, learning that is too teacher-centered and theoretical tends to reduce student interest. Therefore, the use of audio-visual media such as learning videos can increase student engagement, provide deep meaning, and arouse high enthusiasm for learning. This study aims to 1) explain the level of student enthusiasm when using audio-visual learning media, and 2) evaluate the impact and interest of students on audio-visual based learning media in the learning process. This research was conducted at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Ibn Aqil Pekanbaru. This research is a descriptive qualitative research that uses data collection methods in the form of direct observation, interviews, and literature studies. Research findings show that lecture-dominated learning tends to make learners lose interest and focus on themselves. The results of the study showed that 1) when students were introduced to the use of audio-visual media such as learning videos, most of them felt very enthusiastic and excited in following the learning process, while only one student showed less interest. 2) Thus, it can be concluded that the use of audio-visual learning media can increase student enthusiasm at the elementary school level.

This study is motivated by the limited research on holistic education in developing 21st-century skills to address the challenges of the digital era, despite its significant implications for future human resource quality. The objective of this research is to explore the concept of holistic education based on 21st-century skills and its relevance in the digital era through a literature review approach. The method employed is qualitative, focusing on an analysis of academic literature, including documents, journals, books, and various scholarly sources. The analysis was conducted thematically to investigate the principles, models, and practices of holistic education that support the development of critical thinking, creativity, communication, and collaboration skills. The findings indicate that holistic education can serve as a key approach to prepare younger generations to navigate the complexity of the digital era with adaptive, ethical, and innovative thinking skills. This review enriches the literature on holistic education and highlights the importance of an integrated approach that intertwines cognitive, emotional, social, and technological dimensions within the context of modern learning. Practical implications include recommendations for educators and policymakers to design curricula based on 21st-century skills and integrate digital technologies into building holistic learning processes. This study also offers opportunities for further research on the implementation of holistic education in diverse cultural and geographical contexts.

This study aims to analyze the importance of facilities and infrastructure management in supporting the quality of educational services in educational units. In the context of modern education, facilities and infrastructure not only function as technical support for teaching and learning activities, but also as indicators of the quality of educational institutions. This research uses the library research method by examining various scientific sources, both in the form of journals, books, and relevant research reports. The results of the study show that effective management of facilities and infrastructure includes the process of planning, procurement, utilization, maintenance, and continuous evaluation of educational facilities. Each of these stages has an important role in ensuring the availability of a safe, comfortable, and conducive learning environment for all school residents. In addition, transparent and participatory management can increase a sense of responsibility, care, and efficiency in the use of facilities. The management of facilities and infrastructure based on the needs of students and the development of information technology has proven to be able to strengthen the quality of educational services and support the achievement of learning goals optimally. These findings provide practical implications for schools and policymakers to continue to strengthen data-driven educational facilities management systems and cross-stakeholder collaboration.

This study aims to analyze the thoughts of Sheikh Yusuf Al-Qardhawi regarding income zakat and its role in reducing social and economic inequality. Income zakat is one of the instruments in the Islamic economic system that is believed to have significant potential in creating social justice. Sheikh Yusuf Al-Qardhawi, as one of the leading contemporary scholars, emphasized that income zakat must be optimized in a modern context as a form of social solidarity and redistribution of wealth. Through a descriptive qualitative approach, this study examines Al-Qardhawi's thoughts as expressed in his various writings, especially regarding zakat fiqh. The results of the analysis show that income zakat can be an effective tool in narrowing the economic gap between the rich and the poor, provided that its management and distribution are carried out professionally and transparently. In addition, Al-Qardhawi's thoughts emphasize the importance of the role of the state and zakat institutions in implementing income zakat widely and fairly. This study concludes that the concept of income zakat developed by Al-Qardhawi is relevant to be applied in the context of the contemporary economy to overcome the increasing social and economic inequality.

Constitutional amendments in Muslim-majority countries, including Indonesia, often face political challenges, constitutional conflicts, and harmonisation between sharia principles and democratic values and civil liberties. This process reflects the complex socio-political dynamics of achieving a balance between tradition and modernity. This research aims to understand these challenges from an Islamic perspective, identify factors that influenced the amendment process, and explore the integration of Islamic principles with democratic values within a reformist constitutional framework. Using a qualitative approach and analysing relevant documents and literature studies, as well as conducting interviews with legal, political and religious experts, this research highlights the political tensions and conflicts related to human rights, governance structures, minority rights and religion. Despite challenges, there are opportunities to mediate sharia principles with democracy through constructive dialogue and compromise. The research also offers strategies to support constitutional reforms that take into account public welfare and democratic principles. Keywords:Constitution, Contextualization, Islam.

Background: Modern agriculture often relies on the use of pesticides to control pests and plant diseases. However, the use of this pesticide can have a negative impact on the environment, especially on the quality of soil and river water in agricultural areas. This research aims to investigate the impact of pesticide use on soil and river water quality, with a focus on the type of pesticide used, usage patterns, and its impact on the environment and human health. Method: The journal research method with the literature review method is an approach used to collect, broadcast and synthesize information from various relevant literature sources Results: The use of pesticides in agriculture has a significant impact on the environment and human health. Appropriate methods of using pesticides, such as the correct dose and application time, as well as sustainable agricultural approaches such as organic farming, can reduce the negative impacts of pesticides. Farmer education about the safe use of pesticides is also important. In addition, soil and water quality must be considered in agriculture to maintain soil fertility and air ecosystems. River protection and rehabilitation efforts are also needed to maintain good river water quality.

This article explores the important role of logic as a critical foundation in thinking. Logic is a branch of philosophy that studies the rules of correct and valid reasoning. In a world that is complex and full of information, the ability to think critically is becoming increasingly important. Logic helps individuals to understand the structure of arguments, recognize errors in reasoning, and reach rational conclusions. By learning the basics of logic, a person can hone their thinking abilities, improve problem-solving abilities, and strengthen communication skills. This article discusses basic concepts in logic, such as statements, arguments, and common logical errors, as well as the benefits of learning logic in everyday life and in various scientific disciplines. With a strong understanding of logic, individuals can become more critical, analytical, and effective thinkers in facing the complex challenges of the modern world.

The challenges of millennials cover various aspects such as economy, employment, property ownership and leadership. According to Glints, the first challenge millennials face is economic, caused by the impact of previous economic crises and capital losses. In the world of work, millennials are often associated with stigmatization in the workplace and cross-generational differences in working styles, which can be challenging. Property ownership is also a challenge due to the high consumption of millennials. Managers need to be able to adapt to change and not feel stressed as millennials are more likely to seek real work and get bored quickly in the workplace. Millennials also value their own experiences and strengths, so they need to focus on that. This research uses a qualitative approach. This article uses library inquiry techniques, or library investigation, to copy data and understand theories found in relevant literature. The data used for this purpose is undoubtedly a precedent study of related arguments, such as libraries, journals, and scientific articles. Christian Religious Education (CHE) plays a crucial role in holistic education. Through PAK, millennials are guided to cultivate Christian values such as love, peace, honesty and justice. It also plays a role in shaping a moral and virtuous character based on the example of Jesus Christ. In addition, PAK equips millennials with a strong moral and ethical foundation, helps them make responsible and moral decisions, and guides them to live their lives in accordance with Christian values. In today's digital era, Christian Religious Education (CHE) needs to adapt to the technology used in students' lives. This is important to ensure that learning is not boring and can engage students. In addition, Christian Religious Education should also shape students' self-image according to the values of biblical truth. In this way, students can develop a strong character based on Christian faith. PAK in its ministry should encourage every believer, from children to adults, so that they can use and optimize their intelligence/knowledge for the common good Christian Religious Education (CHE) in the modern era faces the challenge of educating the millennial generation which has unique characteristics. This generation is accustomed to technology and has high self-confidence. Therefore, PAK needs to adapt to the technology used in students' lives to ensure that learning is not boring and engaging. In addition, PAK should focus on building students' self-awareness according to the values of Biblical truth and Christian Religious education teaching. This is important to help students develop a strong character based on the Christian faith. In this way, PAK can have a positive impact on the millennial generation and help them become people of faith and morals in an increasingly modern world.    

Background: Stroke is a health problem that we often encounter in today's modern society, stroke is a very serious disease phenomenon in Indonesia and throughout the world. Stroke is a condition where the blood supply to the brain is disrupted due to a blockage or rupture. blood vessels of a person with various symptoms such as hemiparesis, slurred speech, loss of balance and decreased muscle strength and difficulty walking. Stroke is one of the causes of decreased muscle strength where muscle strength is a contraction in the striated muscle fibers (voluntary muscles) that lasts briefly and each contraction occurs on a single stimulus from the nerve. Objective: to determine the results of applying passive Range of Motion (ROM) exercises to increasing muscle strength in the Neuro Center ward of RSUD DR. Soediran Mangun Sumarso Wonogiri. Method: the application of this journal uses a qualitative description method. Results: the results after the implementation was an increase in muscle strength in both respondents. Conclusion: there is an increase in muscle strength in both respondents, Range of Motion (ROM) Exercise therapy can increase muscle strength in stroke sufferers.

The Constitution states that education is an effort to make the nation's life more intelligent and is a continuous teaching and learning activity. And education is also one of the best and most ideal ways to improve the human quality of the world's population. Moreover, Islamic Religious Education. Because, Islamic religious education is a form of education that must be taken by every student in the world, especially those who are Muslim. Therefore, educators must pay more attention to this field of education. The choice of media, strategies, teaching materials and teaching modules is also very important when the learning process takes place. An educator must also be able to use various forms of technology available today. Because, it cannot be denied that students nowadays cannot be separated from technology. The research method used in this research is the literature study method (Bibliography). By turning books, journals and websites regarding Islamic Religious Education and educational technology for PAI learning into secondary data. and the events that the author encountered in the field became the primary data. There are many forms of technology that can be used in the Islamic Religious Education learning process, such as multi-media, internet, Microsoft Office Power Point and various other technologies. From this research it can be concluded that technology plays a very important role in Islamic Religious Education, including one of its roles: explaining concepts that are difficult to understand, showing objects that are too big or too small and so on.

Perkembangan ekonomi modern yang pesat telah didorong oleh inovasi digital yang terus berkembang, terutama dalam konteks e-bisnis dan ekosistem Ekonomi 5.0. Dengan menggunakan analisis literatur dan studi kasus untuk mengeksplorasi peran inovasi digital dalam membentuk paradigma baru dalam ekonomi saat ini. Inovasi digital, seperti kecerdasan buatan, Internet of Things, analisis big data, dan cloud computing, telah memungkinkan terciptanya ekosistem bisnis yang lebih terhubung, adaptif, dan responsif. Melalui penggunaan teknologi ini, perusahaan dapat meningkatkan efisiensi operasional, memperluas pasar, dan meningkatkan pengalaman pelanggan. Namun, seiring dengan manfaatnya, inovasi digital juga menghadirkan sejumlah tantangan, termasuk ketidakpastian teknologi, masalah keamanan data, dan kesenjangan keterampilan karyawan. Dalam konteks Ekonomi 5.0, inovasi digital bukan hanya tentang meningkatkan produktivitas dan profitabilitas, tetapi juga tentang meningkatkan kesejahteraan manusia secara keseluruhan. Oleh karena itu, untuk memperkuat ekosistem Ekonomi 5.0, perusahaan harus terus mendorong inovasi digital, berinvestasi dalam pengembangan keterampilan digital karyawan, dan menjaga keamanan data sebagai prioritas utama.