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The Family Welfare Empowerment (PKK) is a community organization that plays a vital role in improving family welfare in Indonesia. Through various programs, the PKK contributes to family empowerment, particularly in education, health, and economics. However, many PKK activities are still conducted manually, including recording and managing member data and activities. This creates several challenges, such as difficulty in archiving, time-consuming information searches, and difficulties in preparing accurate and timely reports. This research aims to design and develop a web-based information system that can simplify member data management, activity recording, attendance management, and report generation more quickly, efficiently, and accurately. This system will be designed using an object-oriented approach, involving several stages, starting from needs analysis, system design, implementation, and system testing. This information system is expected to improve service efficiency, facilitate PKK administrators in monitoring member activity, and support a more precise and weighted data-based decision-making process. Another advantage is that this system will also facilitate the PKK in producing faster, more comprehensive, and more structured activity reports, thereby increasing organizational transparency and accountability. Therefore, this web-based information system is expected to be a solution to improve the PKK's performance in carrying out its function of empowering family welfare.

This research discusses the development of a school Geographic Information System (GIS) based on a microservice architecture to simplify access and management of school data. The background of this study is the need for an efficient and well-organized school data management system that can present school information interactively to the public. The purpose of this research is to build a system capable of displaying school locations and providing data management features for teachers, students, and school accreditation through CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations. The development method includes database design, API creation for each microservice, data integration through an interactive map interface using Leaflet, and system testing using the Black Box Testing method. The test results show that all system features function properly and meet user requirements. The implementation of microservice architecture allows the system to be more flexible, easily updated, and well distributed among services. With this system, the public can access school information quickly and accurately, while schools can manage their data more effectively.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that presents significant diagnostic challenges due to its heterogeneous clinical manifestations and symptom overlap with other neurological conditions. Early and accurate diagnosis is critical for initiating timely interventions and improving patient outcomes. Traditional diagnostic approaches rely heavily on clinical expertise and manual interpretation of neuroimaging data, such as structural MRI, Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI), and functional MRI (fMRI), which are inherently time-consuming and prone to interobserver variability. Recent advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Deep Learning (DL) have demonstrated potential for automating neuroimaging analysis, yet existing models often suffer from limited generalizability across modalities and datasets. To address these limitations, we propose a Transformer-augmented deep learning ensemble framework for automated ALS diagnosis using multi-modal neuroimaging data. The proposed architecture integrates Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), and Vision Transformers (ViTs) to leverage the complementary strengths of spatial, temporal, and global contextual feature representations. An adaptive weighting-based fusion mechanism dynamically integrates modality-specific outputs, enhancing the robustness and reliability of the final diagnosis. Comprehensive preprocessing steps, including intensity normalization, motion correction, and modality-specific data augmentation, are employed to ensure cross-modality consistency. Evaluation using 5-fold cross-validation on a curated multi-modal ALS neuroimaging dataset demon-strates the superior performance of the proposed model, achieving a mean classification accuracy of 94.5% ± 0.7%, precision of 93.9% ± 0.8%, recall of 92.9% ± 0.9%, F1-score of 93.4% ± 0.7%, spec-ificity of 97.4% ± 0.6%, and AUC-ROC of 0.968 ± 0.004. These results significantly outperform baseline CNN models and highlight the potential of transformer-augmented ensembles in complex neurodiagnostic applications. This framework offers a promising tool for clinicians, supporting early and precise ALS detection and enabling more personalized and effective patient management strategies.

Freedom of expression is a fundamental human right, yet it is not absolute, as it may be restricted under certain conditions in accordance with international law, such as the protection of reputation, national security, and public order. In Indonesia, this right is guaranteed by the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and its derivative regulations. However, the rapid development of information and communication technology has reshaped the landscape of public discourse. The digital space, while facilitating easier access to and dissemination of information, also presents challenges, including hate speech, misinformation, cyberbullying, and the potential for criminalization due to ambiguous regulations.To respond to these challenges, the Regional Board of Nasyiatul Aisyiyah (PDNA) Semarang organized a community service program in the form of a public dialogue titled “Freedom of Speech: Between Rights and Risks” on August 9, 2025, at the Hall of the Central Java Provincial Archives and Library Service. This activity was carried out through a participatory approach by academics who are also members of PDNA, together with the PDNA Semarang board. Two speakers were presented, Dr. Mochamad Riyanto, S.H., M.Si., a legal expert from Universitas 17 Agustus (Untag) Semarang, and Aris Mulyawan, Chair of the Alliance of Independent Journalists (AJI) Semarang. The dialogue produced three main findings: first, the need for legal awareness so that freedom of expression does not lead individuals into legal problems; second, the importance of digital literacy to reduce the spread of hoaxes and hate speech; and third, the urgency of building safe digital spaces through collaboration among communities, media, and educational institutions. The discussion emphasizes that freedom of expression in the digital era must be understood as both a right and a responsibility, requiring a fair regulatory ecosystem and continuous digital literacy enhancement

The COVID-19 pandemic triggered a significant transformation of performing arts in Aceh, particularly through Taman Budaya Aceh, which shifted its stage activities into digital formats. This study aims to describe the processes of digital mediation, changes in production formats, audience engagement patterns, and the archival function of cultural performances through Taman Budaya Aceh’s official YouTube channel. Using a qualitative descriptive case study design, the research analyzed 12 performance videos produced and uploaded between 2020–2022 through visual and narrative analysis. The findings reveal three key aspects: first, the shift from offline to online production created a new aesthetic based on camera work and editing; second, audiences transformed into mediatized participants through comments, likes, and replays; third, digital platforms functioned as cultural repositories, expanding access and strengthening the preservation of performances. These findings highlight that digitalization of performing arts is not merely an emergency response, but an integral part of constructing a sustainable arts ecosystem in the digital disruption era.

Indonesia, as an archipelagic country, has vast potential in marine resources; however, the welfare of poor fishing communities remains far from satisfactory due to various economic and social limitations. This study aims to analyze the economic and social needs of poor fishermen who face challenges such as low income, limited access to education and healthcare, and dependence on middlemen. The research was conducted in Paluh Sibaji Village, Pantai Labu Subdistrict, Deli Serdang Regency. The key informant was the Head of Paluh Sibaji Village, with three poor fishermen serving as main informants and fishermen’s families as additional informants. Data collection was carried out through literature review and field studies, including observation, interviews, and documentation. The data obtained in the field were then qualitatively analyzed until conclusions could be drawn. Based on the findings, the living conditions of poor fishermen in Paluh Sibaji Village reveal ongoing multidimensional economic and social needs. Referring to Sukirno’s (2005) theory of economic needs, it is evident that low per capita income, limited employment opportunities, unequal income distribution, and inadequate economic infrastructure persist. An analysis based on Abraham Maslow’s (1943) theory of social needs indicates that poor fishermen in Paluh Sibaji experience a sense of belonging and social bonds, love and affection, as well as social interactions within the community, although these remain limited and not yet optimal.

The Family Welfare Empowerment (PKK) is a community organization that plays a strategic role in improving the quality of family life through various programs covering education, health, economy, and social aspects. However, in practice, the recording and management of member data as well as PKK activities are still carried out manually. This condition creates several challenges, including difficulties in archiving, limited access to information retrieval, and delays in preparing reports required by administrators and stakeholders. This study aims to design and develop a web-based information system for PKK member activity services that can manage member data, record activities, track attendance, and generate reports quickly, accurately, and efficiently. The system development method employed an object-oriented approach, consisting of requirement analysis, system design, implementation, and testing stages. The implementation results show that the developed information system can improve organizational service efficiency, assist administrators in monitoring member activeness, and reduce potential errors in data recording. Furthermore, the system provides better support for data-driven decision-making, thereby enabling PKK to become more modern, transparent, and adaptive to technological developments. Thus, this system has the potential to serve as an innovative solution to sustainably enhance the performance of PKK organizations.  

Tomato crop yields face significant threats from plant diseases, with existing deep learning solutions often computationally prohibitive for resource-constrained agricultural settings; to address this gap, we propose Efficient Disease Attention Network (EDANet), a novel lightweight architecture combining depthwise separable convolutions with hybrid attention mechanisms for efficient Tomato disease recognition. Our approach integrates channel and spatial attention within hierarchical blocks to prioritize symptomatic regions while utilizing depthwise decomposition to reduce parameters to only 104,043 (multiple times smaller than MobileNet and EfficientNet). Evaluated on ten tomato disease classes from PlantVillage, EDANet achieves 97.32% accuracy and exceptional (~1.00) micro-AUC, with perfect recognition of Mosaic virus (100% F1-score) and robust performance on challenging cases like Early blight (93.2% F1) and Target Spot (93.6% F1). The architecture processes 128×128 RGB images in ~23ms on standard CPUs, enabling real-time field diagnostics without GPU dependencies. This work bridges laboratory AI and practical farm deployment by optimizing the accuracy-efficiency tradeoff, providing farmers with an accessible tool for early disease intervention in resource-limited environments.

This study examines the role of BRICS—an intergovernmental organization consisting of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa—in fostering global cooperation and contributing to world economic stability. BRICS was founded as a strategic response to the dominance of Western financial institutions such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank, which have long been criticized for their unequal representation and decision-making processes favoring developed economies. In this context, BRICS provides an alternative financial architecture through the creation of the New Development Bank (NDB) and the Contingent Reserve Arrangement (CRA), both of which serve as instruments to support development financing and ensure financial security for its members. Grounded in the frameworks of constructivism and soft power diplomacy, BRICS emphasizes the principles of equality, mutual respect, sustainable development, and South-South cooperation. These values are reflected in its policies and initiatives that prioritize inclusivity, fair participation, and collective growth, especially for developing nations often marginalized in the global economic order. By representing more than 40% of the world’s population and contributing approximately 23% of global GDP, BRICS demonstrates its capacity to shape the international system and establish a more balanced distribution of power and resources. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach based on secondary data, which is analyzed narratively to highlight the evolving dynamics of BRICS within the global economy. The findings indicate that BRICS has significant potential to challenge Western economic hegemony, enhance economic solidarity among emerging markets, and provide developing countries with greater opportunities for growth and cooperation. Ultimately, BRICS emerges not only as a counterweight to established global institutions but also as a transformative actor capable of reshaping the trajectory of international economic governance in the future.

Al-Mashun Grand Mosque Medan, the design of this mosque is a representation of Malay cultural and religious symbolism in Islamic architecture in Indonesia. This mosque was founded in 1906, this mosque is a complex and multifaceted topic. The architectural design of this mosque is not only visually aesthetic, but also represents the spiritual and traditional values ​​of the local community. Analyze cultural symbolism in structures, ornaments, and decorations how each chosen detail contains philosophical and religious meaning. Islamic geometric decoration symbols in the form of calligraphic flowers, and floral shapes are used to bring religious principles and universal harmony to life. Local elements such as wood and natural stone add an authentic element. Elements of cultural symbolism, it can be understood how detailed the exterior and interior design is with the identity of the local people of North Sumatra, with this article to sharpen the understanding of cultural symbolism in the design.

The development of information technology plays an important role in improving the quality of public services, including the processes of public complaints and grant submissions. Currently, these services at the Welfare Section of Situbondo Regency are still carried out manually, which often causes recurring problems such as delayed verification, lack of transparency in decision-making, and difficulties in data archiving and retrieval. These challenges not only slow down administrative processes but also reduce public trust in government services. Therefore, the design of a web-based information system is considered crucial to support the implementation of e-government and to ensure more effective, efficient, and accountable services. This study aims to design an integrated web-based information system that facilitates both public complaints and grant submissions within one platform. The research method applied is Object Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD), which emphasizes systematic analysis and modeling using the Unified Modeling Language (UML). The analysis phase includes identifying system requirements, business process modeling, and defining functional and non-functional needs. The design phase produces various models such as business process design, input-output forms, application architecture using a three-tier structure, UML diagrams (use case, activity, class, and sequence diagrams), and database modeling. The results of this research are expected to provide a system design that improves the speed of service delivery, enhances transparency through real-time status tracking, reduces the risk of data loss by implementing digital archiving, and increases efficiency in the verification process. Overall, the proposed system design contributes to strengthening good governance practices in Situbondo Regency and serves as a reference for similar developments in other local government institutions.

This study examines Azyumardi Azra’s interpretation of Islamization in the Malay-Indonesian Archipelago, highlighting its significance in both historical and contemporary discourse. Using a qualitative library research approach, the analysis draws on Azra’s key works, especially The Ulama Network: Southeast Asia and the Middle East in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries, and is supported by recent scholarly literature. Azra challenges conventional theories that attribute Islamization mainly to trade, political authority, or intermarriage. Instead, he underscores the central role of ulama networks, the transmission of religious knowledge, and the influence of Sufism. His perspective reveals how intellectual chains connected Southeast Asian scholars to Middle Eastern centers of learning, particularly Mecca and Medina, thus situating Islam in the archipelago as an integral part of global Islamic scholarship. Furthermore, Azra emphasizes the adaptive and dialogical character of Islamization, whereby Islamic teachings were internalized through cultural accommodation, shaping the distinctive identity of Islam Nusantara as moderate, inclusive, and cosmopolitan. The findings suggest that Azra’s framework not only advances historiography but also contributes to contemporary debates on religious moderation and Indonesian Islamic identity. This study concludes that his intellectual model provides a valuable foundation for further research that incorporates social, political, and economic dimensions of Islamization.

The increasing integration and digitization of smart grid systems have exposed them to a variety of security threats, necessitating robust security measures to ensure their reliability and efficiency. This paper proposes a novel Digital Twin-Based Cyber-Physical Security Framework, incorporating AI-driven predictive maintenance and zero-trust architecture to address the evolving challenges of securing smart grids. By leveraging digital twin technology, this framework creates a real-time virtual representation of physical systems, enabling continuous monitoring and simulation for enhanced security and operational performance. Zero-trust security principles are integrated to ensure that no entity, whether inside or outside the network, is trusted by default, thus significantly reducing the risk of cyber-attacks. Additionally, AI-driven predictive maintenance enhances the framework’s reliability by proactively identifying potential failures before they occur, reducing downtime and improving system resilience. Through the development and simulation of this framework, including attack and failure scenarios, the paper demonstrates that the proposed system outperforms traditional methods in terms of anomaly detection, system downtime, and response times. The integration of predictive maintenance allows for early identification of component failures, thus enhancing the overall resilience of the grid. The zero-trust architecture further strengthens the cybersecurity posture, preventing unauthorized access and attacks. The study also identifies challenges, such as data synchronization and scalability, which must be addressed for broader implementation in large-scale smart grid systems. The findings suggest that the proposed framework could play a critical role in the future evolution of smart grid security, offering valuable insights for researchers and practitioners.  

This study aims to analyze the process of acculturation between Buddhism and local culture in Indonesia, particularly in the context of the formation of a unique and historically relevant Nusantara Buddhist identity. The focus of the study includes the integration of the Tri Pitaka teachings with local cultural values, practices, language, art, and rituals to create a form of religious practice that is adaptive and meaningful for the local community. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection techniques through observations of religious practices, interviews with religious and community leaders, and literature studies of relevant texts, inscriptions, historical artifacts, and scientific works. Data were analyzed interpretively through reduction, thematic grouping, and narrative construction that connects field phenomena to historical, social, and cultural contexts. The results show that the acculturation of Buddhism in Java is harmonious and multidimensional. The integration of Buddhism with local culture is manifested in the adaptation of ritual language, temple relief sculptures, ritual traditions such as Javanese puja bhakti (prayer offerings) and slametan (celebration ceremonies), and practices of respect for parents that align with Buddhist teachings. The Buddhist identity of the Indonesian archipelago is created through a synthesis of universal Buddhist values ​​and local culture, strengthening social cohesion and serving as a means of moral education for a multicultural society. This research contributes to the understanding of religious and cultural acculturation and opens up space for further study of the dynamics of religious integration in Indonesia.

In educational institutions, incoming and outgoing letters have important administrative and legal values ​​in educational operations. Therefore, the management of letter archives plays a strategic role in maintaining the smooth running of administrative activities and as a source of academic information for educational institutions. The formulation of the research problem is: (1) How is the validity of the Letter Archive SIM Based on Excel VBA User Form in improving the quality of administrative services at SDS Miftahul Falah Silo? (2) How is the practicality of the Letter Archive SIM Based on Excel VBA User Form in improving the quality of administrative services at SDS Miftahul Falah Silo? (3) How is the effectiveness of the Letter Archive SIM Based on Excel VBA User Form in improving the quality of administrative services at SDS Miftahul Falah Silo? This research was conducted at SDS Miftahul Falah Silo using the Research and Development (R&D) method of the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Product trials used internal and external trials involving validators and users. The data collected consisted of quantitative and qualitative data obtained through observation, interviews, documentation, and questionnaires. The results of the study indicate that (1) the system is highly feasible to use, as evidenced by the validity test results with an average value of 93.5%. (2) the practicality test results indicate the system is very practical with an average value of 91.6%. (3) based on the Wilcoxon signed rank test with a Z-value of -3.923 and a significance level of <0.001, and the N-Gain test results of 0.7254 indicate that the system is highly effective in improving the quality of administrative services.

This study aims to examine the implementation of librarians' personal competencies within the framework of the 4B concept (Beauty, Brain, Behaviour, Brave) at the Regional Library of Tulungagung Regency. The 4B concept was initially popularized in the pageant world but has since evolved into an approach applicable to service-oriented professions, including librarianship. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, using in-depth interviews with three informants: the Head of the Library and Archives Service and two female librarians who also serve as division heads. The findings indicate that each element of the 4B concept is evidently manifested in the personal competencies of female librarians. The beauty aspect reflects not only physical appearance but also personal integrity and efforts to create an appealing service environment. Brain is demonstrated through mastery of knowledge and librarianship skills. Behaviour is reflected in professional attitudes, empathy, and work ethics in service interactions. Meanwhile, brave is embodied in the courage of female librarians to take on strategic roles, lead innovations, and face challenges in the public sphere. These findings reinforce the perspective that female librarians possess capabilities equal to their male counterparts in terms of professionalism and play an active role in challenging gender stereotypes in the library environment. This research contributes to the development of a humanistic and gender-equality-based librarian competency model.

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) play a crucial role in creating consistency, efficiency, and accountability in governance. However, the process of developing SOPs within the bureaucracy often faces complex organizational communication challenges. This study aims to analyze the organizational communication process in developing SOPs at the Serang City Regional Inspectorate, focusing on the role of the Secretariat as the administrative coordination center. The method used was a qualitative case study approach, involving in-depth interviews with key informants, observation, and documentation analysis. The results indicate that organizational communication plays a crucial role in every stage of SOP development, from data collection and drafting, to cross-sector coordination, and document finalization. The Secretariat acts as a liaison between units, archives manager, and coordination meeting facilitator. However, obstacles identified include a top-down vertical communication pattern, differing perceptions between units, delays in information flow due to bureaucracy, and limited technology-based communication tools. Improvements were made through the establishment of cross-unit forums, communication training, and the use of online applications to strengthen two-way communication. The implications of this research indicate that increasing the effectiveness of organizational communication is a key factor in accelerating the process of preparing SOPs and supporting the creation of more responsive, efficient, and accountable governance.

This study aims to analyze the role of communication in Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems in creating customer satisfaction at PT Bangkit Jaya Teknik Indonesia, a business-to-business (B2B) cold storage installation service company. The research background lies in the increasing number of customer complaints during 2022–2024, mainly due to delayed responses, suboptimal after-sales service, and the absence of a centralized communication record system. This study employed a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through observation, semi-structured interviews with internal parties (marketing project, project manager, project PIC) and customers, as well as company archival documentation. The findings reveal that responsive, open, and two-way communication plays a significant role in enhancing customers’ sense of being valued, trust, and loyalty, which ultimately fosters satisfaction. However, communication barriers such as delays in after-sales service, gaps between customer expectations and company procedures, and the lack of a communication database remain major challenges. To overcome these, the company has initiated strategies including the development of a customer communication database, improved after-sales monitoring, and the adjustment of communication standard operating procedures to align with customer needs. These results reinforce the relevance of Relationship Management theory and the IDIC model, both of which emphasize communication as the core of CRM. Theoretically, this study contributes to organizational communication studies, while practically, it provides recommendations for B2B service companies to prioritize communication in CRM strategies to strengthen customer satisfaction and loyalty.

The terminological debate between “Islamic architecture” and “Islamicate architecture” has become a central concern in studies of architecture rooted in Islamic values. Although often used interchangeably, the two terms carry different theoretical and contextual nuances. This study aims to explore the conceptual similarities and differences between Islamic architecture and Islamicate architecture through an interpretative qualitative approach by examining both classical and contemporary literature, as well as architectural spaces that represent the two terms. The analysis reveals that Islamic architecture refers more to the historical products of classical Islamic civilization, while Islamicate architecture is a contemporary approach that seeks to embed Islamic values into the design process, regardless of traditional architectural forms. This study emphasizes the importance of terminological clarity in developing an architectural identity grounded in values and spirituality. The implication is that conceptual approaches to Islamic and Islamicate architecture can enrich contemporary architectural discourse in an inclusive and contextual manner.

The increasing number of students in major cities such as Medan has created an urgent need for temporary housing that is adequate, comfortable, and sustainable. In response, the Indonesian government, through the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR), launched the "One Thousand Towers Program," which includes the development of rental apartment buildings (Rusunawa) for students. However, housing provision must go beyond quantity—it must also consider environmental aspects and the quality of life for its occupants. Therefore, a green architecture approach serves as the foundation for the design of environmentally friendly student housing. This project aims to create a vertical residential facility that not only fulfills the basic function of shelter but also supports learning activities, social interaction, energy efficiency, and environmental sustainability. The design applies key principles of green architecture such as natural lighting, cross ventilation, the use of eco-friendly materials, and the integration of green open spaces. In addition to double-room residential units, the building is equipped with supporting facilities such as study areas, a library, cafeteria, and rooftop garden. The design methodology integrates both primary and secondary data analysis, as well as a comprehensive site study covering climate, noise levels, circulation, and building orientation. The building form concept is developed modularly and efficiently through mass transformation, resulting in an inner court that provides natural light and air. Supported by energy-saving utilities, this design is expected to offer a student housing solution that is not only functional and aesthetic but also contributes to sustainable and high-quality urban development.