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The phenomenon of bullying that occurs in the pesantren environment is not only a social problem, but also reflects a crisis in the internalization of Islamic educational values. This study aims to examine the dynamics of bullying in Islamic boarding schools from a psychosocial perspective and Islamic educational values. With a literature study approach and qualitative content analysis, this study explores various theories, empirical findings, and expert views obtained from relevant journals, books, and scientific works. The results of the study show that the practice of bullying in pesantren often stems from power relations that are institutionalized through the hierarchy structure of seniority, as well as weak supervision of the process of internalizing Islamic values among students. The values of Islamic ukhuwah, justice, and compassion that should be the spirit of Islamic education are often eroded by a culture of silence, neglect, or even the wrong perception that bullying is part of discipline. In fact, the concept of Islamic education not only emphasizes the mastery of the knowledge of tools (tsaqafah), but also the formation of intellect ('aqliyah), soul (nafsiyah), and Islamic personality (syakhsiyah Islamiyah) based on a strong aqidah. Bullying prevention requires deeper Islamic character education, strengthening social control, and psychosocial approaches to maintain mental and spiritual balance of students. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of a holistic and civilized pesantren management strategy, by fostering an anti-bullying culture, creating a safe, harmonious, and harmonious learning environment that is in line with the main goals of Islamic education. Thus, pesantren are expected to be able to form students who are not only intellectually intelligent, but also have noble morals, high social spirit, empathy, and have a strong Islamic personality and full of integrity.

Background: Anemia during pregnancy remains a major public health concern in Indonesia, contributing to increased maternal and fetal morbidity. Iron supplementation often faces challenges in compliance and side effects, prompting the need for natural alternatives. Natural honey has been shown to help increase hemoglobin levels due to its iron, folate, and antioxidant content. Objective: This community service aimed to educate pregnant women on the benefits and utilization of natural honey as a complementary strategy to prevent anemia. Method: The activity was conducted at PMB CH Mala in Palembang City using health education sessions, demonstrations, and distribution of printed educational materials. Participants' knowledge and hemoglobin levels were assessed pre- and post-intervention using a questionnaire and digital hemoglobinometer. The intervention lasted for 2 weeks, with honey consumption recommended at 2 tablespoons daily. Results: There was a notable improvement in participants' knowledge about anemia and the role of honey. Preliminary observations also showed a slight increase in hemoglobin levels among pregnant women who regularly consumed honey during the intervention period. Conclusion: Educational intervention on the use of natural honey proved effective in improving knowledge and potentially supporting anemia prevention among pregnant women. Further studies are recommended to evaluate long-term outcomes and larger-scale implementation.

The digital era presents serious challenges to the character formation of Christian adolescents, marked by a rise in moral and spiritual degradation due to exposure to negative content and lifestyle changes. Christian Religious Education (CRE), as a moral foundation, is expected to respond to this phenomenon but often faces issues of relevance. This study aims to analyze the role and effectiveness of CRE in shaping adolescent character, identify the impacts of digital technology, and formulate an integrative character education strategy for the digital age. The method used is qualitative with a library research approach, where data from various relevant journals, books, and articles are analyzed using an interactive model. The results indicate that the effectiveness of conventional CRE tends to decline as it is not contextual to the struggles of adolescents. Digital technology was found to have negative impacts that are more easily absorbed compared to its positive impacts, which require intentional guidance. The key finding of this study is that the solution to these challenges lies in an integrative strategy that synergizes the roles of the school, family, and church holistically. The implication is that CRE must be transformed by integrating digital literacy based on Christian values and strengthening the role of educators as role models. A solid collaboration among stakeholders is the key to equipping adolescents to become wise, ethical, and character-driven technology users in accordance with their Christian faith.

Community-based education is an approach that positions society as an active participant in the educational process, integrating local culture, values, and social dynamics into learning. One such model that reflects these principles is the Wustho educational model, which originates from the Islamic pesantren system. This model offers a balanced integration between religious and general education, emphasizing the role of community and character development as essential elements of student success. This research aims to explore the influence of the Wustho model on students’ academic achievement at SMP PGRI 1 Ciambar, Ciambar Sub-district, Sukabumi Regency. The study involved 150 students across different grade levels, using a qualitative descriptive research approach. Data collection techniques included participatory observation, in-depth interviews with teachers, school leaders, and parents, as well as document analysis of academic performance records.The findings indicate that the implementation of the Wustho model has a positive impact on student achievement, both in academic and behavioral aspects. Students showed improvement in learning motivation, discipline, and active engagement in religious and community-based learning activities.¹ This model also strengthens moral values and spiritual awareness, which in turn enhances students’ holistic learning outcomes.² Moreover, collaboration between schools, families, and community figures plays a crucial role in reinforcing the effectiveness of this educational approach.³ The presence of religious instruction embedded within daily learning experiences helps students to better contextualize academic content in real-life situations.⁴In conclusion, the Wustho educational model offers a meaningful contribution to the development of community-based education practices, especially in rural or religiously active areas. Its focus on moral education, community involvement, and the integration of spiritual and secular knowledge demonstrates its relevance and effectiveness in improving student learning outcomes. It is recommended that similar models be adapted in other educational settings where community values are strongly upheld.

The rise of social media, particularly TikTok, has significantly influenced teenagers, including high school students in modern educational settings. Beyond entertainment, TikTok is increasingly used as a source of educational content that can impact students' mindset and learning motivation. However, the effects—both positive and negative—of TikTok on learning motivation require deeper investigation and critical pedagogical understanding. This study focuses on two main questions: (1) Is there an influence of TikTok social media on the learning motivation of grade X students at MAN Kota Blitar? and (2) How significant is the influence? Using a quantitative experimental research method, the study involved 91 tenth-grade students as the sample. Data were collected through observations, questionnaires, and documentation, and analyzed using hypothesis testing with SPSS 24. The results show a significance value of 0.015, indicating that TikTok has a statistically significant influence on students' learning motivation. According to Cohen’s effect size, TikTok’s impact accounts for 25.46% of students’ motivation levels. This suggests that TikTok can be an effective educational tool when used responsibly, as its engaging format may boost students’ enthusiasm for learning through entertaining yet informative content. However, the platform also poses risks, such as decreased motivation due to excessive non-educational use. Therefore, it is essential for schools and parents to provide guidance and supervision to ensure that students benefit from TikTok in a way that enhances, rather than hinders, their learning process. The study concludes that the thoughtful integration of social media into educational strategies holds promise, provided that proper boundaries are maintained.

In today's digital era, technology plays a crucial role in supporting innovative, interactive, and engaging learning processes. Education is no longer limited to the use of conventional textbooks and whiteboards, but has been transformed through the integration of various digital media. In this context, digital literacy has become a key competency that students must possess. Digital literacy encompasses not only the ability to access and understand information from various digital sources but also involves critical thinking and collaborative skills, as well as the wise, ethical, and responsible use of technology. Studies show that the appropriate and targeted use of digital media can increase students' interest in reading materials and other learning activities. Interactive and visually appealing digital media can stimulate students' curiosity, enrich the learning experience, and increase their motivation. Furthermore, the use of digital technology also provides opportunities to develop creativity, communication skills, and problem-solving skills. Technology-based learning enables more effective learning differentiation, allowing students to learn at their own pace and learning style. This is highly relevant in the context of 21st-century education, which demands information literacy, technology literacy, and media literacy. As learning facilitators, teachers are required not only to be proficient in using technology but also to design learning that integrates curriculum content with available digital potential. Therefore, optimal use of digital technology can be a strategic solution in creating a generation that is digitally literate, creative, innovative, and able to adapt to increasingly dynamic and complex developments. To achieve this goal, collaboration between schools, the government, and parents is essential in providing adequate access to and training in sustainable educational technology.

Adolescence is a crucial phase in shaping behavior and knowledge, including regarding nutritious food selection. The increased use of social media among adolescents provides opportunities for delivering nutrition education, but also carries risks associated with exposure to misleading information, including inaccurate nutrition claims. This study aims to analyze the relationship between exposure to nutrition education on social media and adolescents' awareness of food products with nutrition claims. The method used in this study was quantitative with an associative study design. The study sample consisted of 302 respondents, students from the Faculty of Public Health and the Faculty of Economics and Business, Airlangga University, class of 2022. Data collection was conducted online through a Google Form questionnaire, which included respondent characteristics and measured perceptions in shaping behavior related to exposure to nutrition education on social media and awareness of nutrition claims on food products. Data analysis was performed using Kendall's tau-b test to measure the relationship between variables. The results showed that TikTok was the most widely used social media platform by respondents, and there was a significant relationship between exposure to nutrition education on social media and adolescents' awareness of food products with nutrition claims (p < 0.01). Respondents who were more frequently exposed to educational content tended to have a better understanding and were able to respond more critically to nutrition claims. These findings emphasize the importance of utilizing social media as an effective nutrition intervention tool, particularly for adolescents who are active social media users, to increase their awareness of the importance of choosing nutritious foods. These results indicate the importance of optimizing social media as an effective nutrition intervention tool, especially for adolescents as a group of active social media users.

Improving the quality of children's health is one of the main priorities in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly in addressing stunting prevention in Indonesia. Stunting remains a serious challenge in public health development, especially among young children who suffer from chronic malnutrition. To tackle this issue, effective nutritional education is essential, especially for young mothers who play a central role in caregiving and determining their children's dietary intake. In line with the shift in information consumption patterns from conventional media to digital platforms, social media is becoming increasingly significant as a channel for health communication and education. One emerging phenomenon in this context is the rise of public figures from the medical profession actively sharing health-related content online, commonly referred to as “doctor influencers.” This study aims to analyze the digital communication strategies employed by doctor influencers, using the Instagram account @mizaafrizal, owned by Dr. Miza Afrizal, as a case study, focusing on how he educates young mothers about child nutrition. This research adopts a descriptive qualitative approach, utilizing data collection techniques such as content observation, in-depth interviews, and literature review on digital communication and health promotion. The findings indicate that Dr. Miza employs a persuasive and interactive communication strategy through the use of humanistic language, visually engaging content, and scientifically supported information in each post. He also leverages Instagram features like reels, stories, and the comment section to establish two-way communication with his followers. Dr. Miza’s credibility as a pediatrician enhances the reception of his messages. His approachable, clear, and educational style of delivery successfully captures the attention of young mothers and increases their understanding of the importance of nutrition in early childhood development. These findings highlight the influential role of doctor influencers as change agents in raising public awareness about child nutrition. Moreover, they contribute positively to digital-based health promotion efforts in Indonesia, showing the potential of social media as a powerful platform to support national health initiatives.  

This study aims to examine the extent to which social media is utilized in agribusiness learning among students at Universitas Adzkia. A quantitative descriptive approach was employed, using a Likert scale-based questionnaire as the research instrument. The collected data were tabulated and classified into score percentages to determine the category of social media utilization. The research was conducted from June to July 2024 using a census method, involving all 38 students enrolled in the Agribusiness Study Program at Universitas Adzkia. The findings indicate that overall, the use of social media in agribusiness learning falls into the moderate category, with a score percentage of 55.76%. When broken down into agribusiness sub-systems, the results show that the use of social media in the agricultural input supply sub-system was 55.76%, in farming activities 56.14%, agricultural product processing 49.67%, marketing 44.08%, and agribusiness support services 47.20%. These results suggest that although social media has been used in the learning process, its utilization is still at a moderate level and not yet evenly distributed across all agribusiness sub-systems. This presents both opportunities and challenges for lecturers and educational institutions to develop more innovative, technology-based learning strategies. To enhance the effectiveness of agribusiness learning, it is recommended that lecturers actively encourage students to use social media in a productive manner. This could be implemented through the assignment of structured tasks that require the use of social media platforms for academic discussions, information searches, and the creation or sharing of relevant agribusiness content. Such efforts are expected to make social media not only a tool that enriches students' learning experiences but also a means to deepen their understanding of the dynamic and ever-evolving field of agribusiness. Ultimately, integrating social media into learning can support the development of digital competencies and practical insights among agribusiness students in higher education.

This research investigates the underlying factors that shape the interest of students from the 2024 cohort in enrolling in the Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering Education Program at the Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Padang. Utilizing a descriptive quantitative methodology, data were gathered through a structured, closed-ended questionnaire administered to the entire cohort, which consisted of 89 students. The analysis reveals that the overall level of student interest is categorized as high, with a notable percentage of 55%. Several key variables were identified as influential: (1) self-awareness factors encompassing physical capabilities, intellectual aptitude, intrinsic motivation, and innate talent were rated in the very high category at 56%; (2) familial influences such as the provision of information, emotional support, and parenting styles also ranked very high at 46%; (3) school-related elements including the accessibility of school information systems, teacher roles, peer dynamics, and hands on learning experiences were classified in the high category with 44%; and (4) social media engagement specifically the frequency of use and the quality of educational content was likewise in the high category, scoring 48%. These findings underscore the multifaceted nature of student decision-making, with self-awareness emerging as the most prominent determinant in shaping academic program choices. The study highlights the need for educational institutions to consider these interrelated dimensions when developing recruitment strategies and academic guidance frameworks.

This article discusses the urgency of critical thinking skills in utilizing social media as a means of digital catechesis. Amidst the rapid and diverse flow of information in the digital era, critical thinking becomes an essential skill to avoid the spread of inaccurate or misleading information, especially in the context of conveying the teachings of faith. Social media does offer great potential as a medium for evangelization and catechesis, but the main challenge is the validity of the content which is often not verified. Therefore, digital catechesis teachers and participants are required to be able to analyze, evaluate, and filter information selectively and objectively. This article also outlines strategies for developing critical thinking skills, such as media literacy training, guided discussions, and the use of interactive content. By strengthening critical thinking skills, digital catechesis is expected to become an educational and transformative means in conveying faith values ​​relevantly and responsibly in the digital space.

The digital transformation in education has encouraged the adoption of computer-based tests (CBT) using video content, which demands stable and efficient network performance. This study aims to evaluate the performance of two queue management algorithms, namely Random Early Detection (RED) and Per Connection Queue (PCQ), in maintaining the quality of service (QoS) of school networks during online video-based examinations. A case study approach was applied using a real network topology in a school environment, and QoS parameters such as throughput, delay, packet loss, and jitter were measured. The implementation was conducted using a MikroTik RB450Gx4 router configured with simple queue settings for each algorithm. The results show that PCQ provides more consistent performance under high user loads, achieving an average throughput of 56,482 bps and lower delay compared to RED. Conversely, RED performs better in scenarios with a small number of users. The study recommends using PCQ for networks with dynamic and dense user environments, while RED is more suitable for low-traffic conditions where latency stability is crucial. These findings offer practical guidance for managing bandwidth and improving the quality of CBT delivery in educational settings.

This research examines the process of internalizing civic values within the context of multicultural education in Indonesia, which faces complex challenges in forming citizens with strong national identity while appreciating diversity. The study aims to analyze effective models and strategies for internalizing civic values in multicultural educational environments and identify implementation challenges. The research methodology employs a qualitative approach with literature study analyzing relevant academic publications from 2021-2025 through qualitative content analysis techniques. Findings indicate that internalizing civic values in multicultural education requires a holistic approach integrating cognitive, affective, and behavioral dimensions through learning strategies based on local wisdom, modern technology utilization, and transformative pedagogy. Main challenges include lack of stakeholder support, policy implementation gaps, and resistance to learning paradigm changes. The research indicates the need for reconstructing civic education paradigms from indoctrination models toward reflective-contextual learning that emphasizes tolerance, inclusivity, and appreciation for cultural diversity. Research implications emphasize the importance of synergy between educational policies, teachers' roles as transformation agents, and continuous evaluation to realize civic education responsive to the challenges of Indonesia's multicultural society

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Facebook and Instagram as public relations communication tools at MI Darun Najah Srobyong, Jepara. A qualitative approach was employed using observation, in-depth interviews with the public relations team, teachers, parents, and community leaders, as well as documentation analysis. The findings indicate that both platforms have contributed to improving information transparency, community engagement, and the school's public image. However, several challenges were identified, including limited human resources and digital literacy gaps among parents. The study recommends content management training, digital literacy programs, and enhanced two-way interaction to optimize the role of social media in elementary school communication strategies.

This qualitative research article aims to analyze the basic concepts of Islamic education through the perspectives of two prominent thinkers: Dr. Selamat Pohan, S.Ag., MA. and Zailani, S.Ag., MA. This study specifically explores their views on the approaches, goals, and methodologies of Islamic education. Using content analysis and a comparative approach, this study identifies similarities and differences in the fundamental elements of Islamic education promoted by these two figures. The results indicate that both Selamat Pohan and Zailani view Islamic education as a holistic process encompassing moral strengthening, character formation, and the internalization of Islamic values in accordance with contemporary developments. Both emphasize the importance of an approach based on monotheism, goals aimed at the formation of a perfect human being, and an adaptive and contextual methodology for conveying Islamic values. This study contributes to the development of insights into contemporary Islamic education and enriches scientific discourse within the framework of spiritual and moral values-based education.

This study aims to explore the perspectives of sixth-semester students regarding the implementation of the English Camp Parade (ECP) Season 5 at Universitas Bhinneka PGRI. ECP is an activity-based learning program designed to promote contextual English use through interactive activities such as drama performances, quizzes, and group discussions. Using a qualitative approach, the study involved 14 purposively selected sixth-semester students and 2 key informants (the ECP coordinator and the chairperson of the English Student Association). Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, open-ended questionnaires, and observation, and analyzed thematically. The findings indicate that most students responded positively to the program, particularly in terms of increased speaking confidence, vocabulary development, and cross-semester collaboration. However, some students perceived the activities as more entertaining than academically structured. These results highlight the need to improve the program design by balancing educational content with engaging activities. The study contributes to the development of activity-based English learning strategies in higher education contexts.

The focus of this research is to analyze the correlation between the duration of gadget use and the imaginative abilities of second-grade elementary school students. A quantitative approach was utilized with a correlational survey method involving 32 students from SDN Pekayon 16 Pagi as the sample. Data were collected through a validated open questionnaire regarding validity and consistency. The analysis findings indicate a negative relationship between the duration of gadget use and students' imaginative abilities. The longer the duration of gadget use (≥60 minutes/day), the lower the students' imaginative abilities, and vice versa. These findings highlight the urgency of parental monitoring in controlling the duration of gadget use as well as the selection of educational content. This research contributes to understanding the impact of technology on children's cognitive development, particularly in the area of imagination.

Microteaching is an essential component in preparing students of the Primary School Teacher Education (PGSD) program to become competent professional educators. This study aims to analyze effective strategies for mastering teaching materials during microteaching courses for PGSD students. Optimal mastery of subject matter requires not only a deep understanding of content but also the ability to adapt to the characteristics of primary school students, the use of varied teaching methods, and effective communication skills. This study employs a literature review methodology and analyzes best practices from various educational institutions. The results indicate that strategies for mastering teaching materials in microteaching involve five key dimensions: systematic material preparation through curriculum analysis and in-depth literature study; material organization using a logically structured approach; material presentation with diverse learning models and appropriate media; continuous evaluation using assessment for learning techniques; and self-development through continuous learning and consistent practice. The implementation of this integrated strategy has been proven to increase student confidence, improve the quality of material delivery, and optimize teaching readiness in primary school settings. These findings offer significant contributions to the development of PGSD curricula and the enhancement of the quality of future primary school teachers in Indonesia.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of digital learning media in enhancing elementary school students’ learning interest within the context of technological advancement in education. Digital media such as interactive videos, educational animations, and learning applications are increasingly integrated into teaching processes as a response to the demand for more innovative and adaptive education. This research discusses how digital learning media can stimulate students’ intrinsic motivation, strengthen engagement, and create a more enjoyable and contextual learning experience. The findings indicate that digital media holds significant potential to improve the quality of primary education by presenting content in an engaging and easily comprehensible manner. Despite technical challenges such as limited device availability and internet access, conceptually, digital learning media can serve as a strategic solution in reforming teaching methods in the digital age.  

This study examines the contribution of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) actors in supporting community economic empowerment through their strategic role in strengthening tourist attractions in two destinations in East Java, namely religious tourism of Cheng Hoo Mosque Pasuruan and natural educational tourism of Jati Sewu Gresik. This research is based on the reality of tourist destinations that are the target of the study, where the role of MSMEs in both areas reflects a significant role in strengthening tourist attractions in destinations for visitors. Cheng Hoo Mosque Pasuruan and Jati Sewu Gresik have become new growing spaces for MSMEs that not only sell food, drinks, or tourist services, but also convey the distinctive values of the destination to visitors through direct interaction and the products sold. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a content analysis approach. The data collected was obtained from participatory observations in the field directly with MSME actors, and supported by secondary data obtained from various online sources such as news articles, tourism websites, and official information from the two related destinations. The results show that MSMEs in these two tourist destinations not only play a role in enriching the variety of attractions offered to tourists, but also play an important role in supporting the economy of the surrounding community. Trade activities carried out by MSME players around the tourist area directly create new economic opportunities while increasing community participation in tourism dynamics. In addition, MSMEs also create a more authentic, communicative, and inclusive travel experience for tourists.