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The Grand Harvest tradition in Penutuk Village, Lepar District, is an annual celebration that is rich in meaning and cultural value. As an expression of gratitude for the abundant harvest from the rice fields, this event becomes a social glue that strengthens ties between residents. More than just a harvest celebration, this tradition reflects the noble values ​​of the Penutuk Village community, such as togetherness, mutual cooperation, and preserving local culture that has been passed down from generation to generation. The series of events which took place on January 19 2025 involved all levels of society, from children to the elderly, with active participation in each procession. This article will examine in depth the philosophical meaning behind this tradition, describing in detail the series of events which include traditional ceremonies and social activities. Apart from that, this article will also discuss efforts to preserve the harvest tradition in Penutuk Village so that it remains sustainable and can be passed on to future generations, including adaptation strategies to changing times and the challenges of modernization. It is hoped that this research can contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the importance of preserving local culture in Indonesia, especially in the context of agriculture and the social life of rural communities. Thus, this article does not only describe a tradition, but also offers a broader perspective on the social, economic, and cultural values ​​contained therein.

This study aims to investigate the impact of the traditional game Balakeh on the improvement of basic motor skills in students with mild intellectual disabilities at SDN Gayungan 2 Surabaya. The research employed a Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach with a One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design, involving 12 students with mild intellectual disabilities from grades 4, 5, and 6. The study was conducted in two cycles, each consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The instruments used to measure basic motor skills included the Zig-Zag Run Test (agility), Static Flexibility Test (flexibility), and Standing Stork Test (balance). The results showed a significant improvement in all three aspects of motor skills after the implementation of the Balakeh game. On agility, the average time decreased from 11.13 seconds to 10.56 seconds, flexibility increased from 20.96 cm to 22.23 cm, and balance improved from 16.52 seconds to 17.45 seconds. The percentage of students meeting the completion criteria also increased, with agility reaching 83.33%, flexibility 91.67%, and balance 75%. These findings indicate that the Balakeh game is effective in enhancing basic motor skills in students with mild intellectual disabilities and can be integrated into adaptive PJOK education for children with special needs.

This community service activity aims to increase the motivation, confidence, and love of male students for traditional Acehnese art, particularly the Likok Pulo dance. This dance is characterized by its energetic and rhythmic nature, making it suitable as a dance teaching material for male students who have previously shown little interest in participating in dance activities. The methods used include demonstrations and peer tutoring, covering training in various dance movements, mastering the lyrics, and accompanying music with the rapa’i instrument. The training was conducted over three days from 2:00 PM to 5:00 PM. The dancers involved were specifically male students who had previously shown little interest in dance practice. The results of the activity showed that male students were highly enthusiastic, as evidenced by their ability to master movement variations, sing lyrics, and play musical accompaniment in a short period of time, despite having never participated in dance extracurricular activities before. This activity demonstrated that selecting appropriate dance material can change students' negative perceptions of dance and serve as a medium for preserving local culture through formal education.

Gross motor development is essential for elementary students’ physical growth and learning. Traditional games are a fun and culturally rich method to stimulate gross motor skills. To examine the effectiveness of the Karapan Sapi traditional game in improving gross motor skills among 4th-grade students at SDN Bubutan IV Surabaya. This study employed Classroom Action Research (CAR) in two cycles involving 26 students, using observation, interviews, and documentation for data collection. Initial observations showed most students were in the "Less Skilled" category. After the intervention using the Karapan Sapi game, all students progressed to the "Highly Skilled" category. The Karapan Sapi game enhanced not only physical abilities but also teamwork, student engagement, and appreciation for local culture. The Karapan Sapi traditional game is an effective and enjoyable educational tool to improve elementary students’ gross motor skills through contextual and cultural-based learning.

This study examines consumer protection efforts against the distribution of hazardous illegal traditional herbal medicines in Serang City, Banten. The widespread circulation of such products—particularly those containing Chemical Drugs (Bahan Kimia Obat/BKO) and lacking distribution permits—poses a significant threat to public health. Between 2020 and 2025, the Inspection Division of the Food and Drug Monitoring Agency (BBPOM) in Serang secured and destroyed approximately 706 items, totaling 6,841 units, with an estimated economic value of IDR 91,158,350. The research focuses on two main issues: the mechanisms for protecting consumers from dangerous illegal traditional herbal medicines in Serang City, and the role of BBPOM in supervising their circulation. Employing an empirical juridical method with a qualitative-descriptive approach, the study collected data through literature reviews, documentation, and interviews with BBPOM Serang officials. The findings indicate that consumer protection is carried out through both preventive and repressive measures. Preventive efforts involve pre-market and post-market supervision to ensure that products meet safety and regulatory standards before and after they enter the market. Repressive actions include law enforcement against violations, confiscation and destruction of illegal products, and the imposition of administrative and criminal sanctions on offenders. BBPOM Serang plays a pivotal role in monitoring illegal herbal medicines by conducting regular inspections, surveillance, and investigations of production and distribution facilities, as well as educating the public about the dangers of unsafe products. Nevertheless, supervision efforts are hindered by challenges such as low public awareness regarding product safety and economic pressures that drive some producers and sellers to ignore legal requirements. Strengthening collaboration between regulatory agencies, law enforcement, and community stakeholders is essential to improving consumer protection and ensuring the circulation of safe traditional herbal products in the region.

Traditional markets are characterized by fast-paced and diverse transactions, necessitating a reliable product monitoring system to enhance the efficiency of stock management and transactions. This study develops a monitoring system based on a loadcell sensor and a TCS230 color sensor to automatically classify product weight and type. The loadcell is used to measure product weight with high accuracy, while the TCS230 detects the color characteristics of products to distinguish between different types of commodities, such as various varieties of chili peppers. The development process includes sensor calibration, dataset collection, and the training and evaluation of a classification model. Experimental results show that the classification accuracy exceeds 90%, demonstrating the effectiveness of combining weight and color data for market product recognition.

This study aims to analyze the ibdal rule in Arabic word derivation with an integrative approach between traditional methods and modern linguistics. The ibdal rule, namely the change of one letter into another letter in a word, has long been a concern in classical Arabic studies. The traditional approach views ibdal as part of an effort to maintain the purity and beauty of the Arabic language, based on oral history, analysis of ancient poetry, and readings of the Qur'an. Meanwhile, modern linguistics views ibdal as a rational phonological phenomenon, occurring due to phonetic considerations, ease of articulation, and social dynamics. Through an integrative study, this study found that a comprehensive understanding of ibdal can only be achieved by combining an appreciation of classical Arabic heritage with scientific analysis based on modern phonology and morphology. The results of this study indicate that ibdal is not only linguistic, but also reflects the vitality of the Arabic language in responding to changes in the times. The integration of these two approaches also has an impact on the development of curriculum, teaching methods, and the expansion of Arabic language research space towards a more interdisciplinary direction. This study emphasizes the importance of building a scientific attitude that respects tradition while being open to renewal in Arabic studies. Thus, it is hoped that this research can be a significant contribution to the development of Arabic linguistic studies in a contemporary academic context.

Traditional linguistics has been an important foundation in language studies for decades. However, with the development of the times and technological advances, traditional linguistics has faced challenges and criticism from various parties. The purpose of this study is to critically analyze traditional linguistics, identify advantages and disadvantages, and its relationship to culture as an inseparable part of traditional linguistics. This study uses a qualitative approach to deeply understand traditional linguistics through library research by analyzing various sources of literature relevant to traditional linguistics and various journals directly related to traditional linguistics. The results of the study indicate that traditional linguistics has advantages and disadvantages. It is hoped that this study can be a reference for other researchers who are interested in the topic of traditional linguistics to better understand language and culture.

Industri peternakan memiliki kontribusi penting dalam mendukung perekonomian nasional serta penyediaan protein hewani. Kambing merupakan salah satu komoditas ternak potensial yang banyak dibudidayakan masyarakat pedesaan, termasuk di Desa Besowo, Kecamatan Kepung, Kabupaten Kediri. Namun, keterbatasan sarana, pengetahuan teknis, dan pola pemeliharaan tradisional masih menjadi kendala dalam meningkatkan kinerja peternak kambing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh modal sosial terhadap kinerja peternak kambing. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis regresi untuk mengukur hubungan antara variabel modal sosial (norma, jaringan, kepercayaan, dan hubungan timbal balik) dengan kinerja peternak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modal sosial peternak kambing di Desa Besowo relatif baik, tercermin dari adanya praktik titip ternak, penggunaan fasilitas bersama, hingga kegiatan kelompok ternak. Kinerja peternak cenderung masih tradisional, dengan pola pemeliharaan dan pemberian pakan bergantung pada kondisi alam serta usaha ternak yang dijalankan sebagai profesi sampingan. Analisis regresi menghasilkan nilai koefisien determinasi (R²) sebesar 53,7%, yang mengindikasikan bahwa modal sosial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja peternak kambing. Hal ini menegaskan bahwa penguatan modal sosial dapat membantu mengatasi keterbatasan teknis dan sarana prasarana, sekaligus meningkatkan keberlanjutan usaha peternakan kambing.

The development of digital technology encourages traditional culinary business actors to adapt to e-commerce services in order to expand market reach and improve service efficiency. This study aims to analyze the digital innovation implemented by the Soto Banjar business in Sawojajar, Malang City, in facing challenges and opportunities in the digital era. Using a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study method, data was collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the study show that the integration of digital platforms such as GrabFood, ShopeeFood, Instagram, and WhatsApp has a positive impact on the effectiveness of promotions, ordering systems, and product distribution. Service innovations such as pre-order systems and attractive packaging help strengthen product image and increase customer satisfaction. Despite facing challenges such as digital promotion costs and spikes in demand, digital transformation has proven to be able to increase the competitiveness and sustainability of this traditional culinary business.

Traditional games play an important role in the motor development of elementary school children. However, cultural changes and increasing use of technology have caused these games to be played less and less. This study aims to analyze the effect of traditional games on the motor development of elementary school children. Using a quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design, this study involved 20 4th grade elementary school students who were divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group was given treatment in the form of traditional games such as hopscotch, gobak sodor, and jump rope for 4 weeks. The results showed a significant increase in the gross motor development of children who participated in traditional games compared to the control group. In addition to motor benefits, traditional games also contribute to children's social, cognitive, and character development. Therefore, the integration of traditional games into the physical education curriculum in elementary schools is highly recommended to support children's holistic development.

Indonesia is also known to have many cultural diversities, one of which is the culture of traditional medicine that has been passed down from generation to generation from ancestors. The use of animals as traditional medicine is still carried out by the people of Kangae Village. The purpose of this study is to find out how the knowledge of vertebrate animals, especially reptiles and mammals, is used as traditional medicine in Kangae Village and how the use of vertebrate animals, especially reptiles and mammals, as medicine in Kangae Village. This study uses a qualitative method. This study was conducted in Kangae Village, Mekeng Detung Village, Kangae District. Data collection techniques were carried out by observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the people of Kangae Village use vertebrate animals as medicine, namely there are 5 types of animals that are used as medicine. Among the 5 types of animals, there are 3 types of reptiles and 2 types of mammals. These animals are Geckos (Teke), Monitor Lizards (Oti), Snakes (Ular), Dogs (Ahu), and Bats (Ni’i). The knowledge of the Kangae Village community regarding the use of animals as medicine is obtained in two ways, namely, traditions passed down from ancestors and finding out for themselves (through relatives, neighbors and friends) and the method of processing medicinal animals consists of roasting, chopping, and making it into a dish according to the taste of the person consuming it.

Christology is a branch of theology that studies the person and work of Jesus Christ. In the Reformation tradition, Christology plays a very important role because the teachings about Christ are the main foundation in understanding the salvation of mankind. The Reformation that began in the 16th century in Europe, pioneered by great figures such as Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Huldrych Zwingli, not only brought major changes in the structure of the Church, but also in the way Christians understand and interpret the teachings of Scripture, especially about Christ. This study aims to explore more deeply the understanding of Christology in the Reformation tradition, as well as its impact on the teachings of Christian theology that are developing today. Through a deeper understanding of Christology in the context of the Reformation, it is hoped that readers can gain clearer insight into the differences in views about Christ that exist in various Christian traditions, as well as the contribution of the Reformation in shaping the understanding of modern Christian theology. .

Tradisi Sedekah Bumi in Dusun Krajan, Tunahan Village, is a cultural practice rich in symbolic and spiritual meanings. This study aims to uncover the symbolic meanings of offerings in this tradition and examine their relevance to the concept of pattidāna in Theravāda Buddhism. The research employs a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach, using participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation for data collection. The findings show that offerings carry complex symbolic meanings as a form of spiritual communication with ancestors and unseen beings. Elements such as flowers, coffee, incense, and takir reflect values of spirituality, ancestral reverence, and gratitude toward nature. This practice is aligned with the concept of pattidāna, which refers to merit transfer to ancestors as an expression of spiritual solidarity and communal identity. The study concludes that Sedekah Bumi embodies an integration of local and Buddhist values, making it a significant cultural practice to preserve amidst the challenges of modernity and contemporary spiritual crises

This article examines the study of feminism and Christianity. Feminist studies in religion try to reveal the reality of oppression and discrimination and fight for the liberation of women. This research aims to analyze feminist studies in religion. This research method uses a library research approach to explore the study of feminism and religion. The results of this study, namely; first, doctrines and traditions in Christianity have interventions in the practice of injustice against women. Second, feminist studies in religion try to fight for a liberation agenda for women by offering a feminist approach in interpreting Scripture. Third, the struggle of feminism in religion is still trapped in the categories of race and class. This paper proposes an idea of women's solidarity and cross-border struggle. All women unite and are open to accepting differences in order to realize the liberation agenda. The struggle must cross the boundaries of group, community, class and race.

The Protestant Reformation had a significant impact on the development of Christian theology, especially in the field of Christology. This study aims to examine the thoughts of Martin Luther and John Calvin regarding the role of Christ in the process of human salvation. The method used is a qualitative approach with a literature study technique, which examines the theological works of the two Reformers. The results of the study show that Luther emphasized the personal relationship between humans and Christ as savings, as well as the real presence of Christ in the sacrament as a form of God's grace that can be experienced personally. Meanwhile, Calvin developed the concept of three placements of Christ as prophet, priest, and king which emphasized the overall role of Christ in salvation, and viewed the sacrament as a spiritual means to strengthen the faith of believers. Through this study, it can be concluded that Christology in the Reformation tradition provides a strong, systematic, and relevant theological basis for the development of contemporary Protestant teachings, both in doctrinal aspects and the practice of life of faith.

Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus yang menginvestigasi perbedaan cara perhitungan harga pokok produksi (HPP) antara metode full costing dan variable costing pada produk Sate Lilit dan Tum Daging. Data diperoleh melalui kombinasi sumber primer dan sekunder di UKM Kubu Ajengan yang berlokasi di Banjar Taman Darmasaba, Badung, Bali, sebuah usaha yang mengusung kuliner rumahan dengan cita rasa autentik berdasarkan bumbu tradisional Genep.   Data dikumpulkan dengan cara pengamatan langsung dan analisis rinci atas komponen biaya produksi, yaitu biaya bahan baku, tenaga kerja langsung, serta overhead pabrik. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan perhitungan HPP antara kedua metode tidak signifikan, terutama karena porsi biaya tetap yang sangat kecil. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, disarankan agar UKM secara rutin melakukan perhitungan HPP yang akurat guna meningkatkan pengendalian biaya serta menetapkan harga jual yang lebih kompetitif.

This study There is ineffective communication in Wonogiri Market which causes failure in negotiation. Ineffectiveness in negotiation also makes sellers and buyers not have a purchase agreement, sometimes there is a compulsion of sellers so that the goods they sell are immediately sold out so that many other traders compete to provide lower prices. This study aims to determine whether or not there is an influence of communication on the success of negotiations between sellers and buyers in Wonogiri Traditional Market. This study is a quantitative study with a simple linear regression analysis method. This research was conducted in Wonogiri traditional market, on sellers and buyers in March - May 2025. The population of this study was 110 sellers, while the sample used was 84 sellers. The data analysis technique used simple linear regression with the help of the SPSS 25 program. Based on the results of the study and data analysis, it shows that there is an influence of interpersonal communication on the success of negotiations in Wonogiri Traditional Market of 0.581.  

There are many traditional Indonesian cakes, especially traditional cakes from the South Coast of West Sumatra. This research was conducted to introduce traditional cakes typical of the South Coast of West Sumatra to the wider community in the Jabodetabek area. West Sumatra, is a province in Indonesia located on the island of Sumatra with Padang as its capital city. Pesisir Selatan Minang traditional cake is a traditional cake originating from the province of West Sumatra. The formulation of the problem consists of: (1) What are the typical Minang cakes and what is the texture and taste of Minang snacks? (2) How to introduce Minang cakes? The aims of this research are (1) To know and recognize the traditional Mianang cake. (2) Introducing and disseminating traditional Minang cakes. The research methods and data collection techniques used are (1) descriptive methods (2) data collection techniques using questionnaires (3) literature study. Place and time of research: the distribution of the questionnaire was carried out on 24-28 July 2021 through Google Form and WhatsApp media. Currently only a few people know the traditional Minang cake. It takes effort and support from the government and the community, especially the younger generation to preserve traditional cakes, especially traditional Minang cakes so that they are not lost due to the development of modern cakes.

The advancement of digital technology media has had a significant impact on various aspects of life, including in the economic cycle of the community and the preservation of local culture. One of them is in the utilization of digital technology in the economic sector which is growing rapidly and becoming an effective strategy in increasing village productivity. This study aims to analyze the results of the implementation of the Jangrana Village Festival work program related to how the integration of digital technology can contribute to the empowerment of local communities in the context of developing MSMEs and preserving traditional culture. The method used in this study is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observations, and literature studies. The results of the study show that the application of digital technology, such as the use of Canva in creating MSME promotional instruments, village social media, and the digitalization of traditional cultural content, can strengthen the economic cycle and local cultural identity. In addition, the participation of local communities to be active as MSME activists also encourages economic and social sustainability. Therefore, a collaborative strategy between the government, levels of society, and digital industry players is needed to ensure the success of this program. Through these programs, it is hoped that it can be a learning experience for the present and also the future regularly and sustainably so that it can be useful for the people of Jangrana Village, Kesugihan.