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This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the performance of the Travel Document Section at Tanjung Perak Immigration Office within the framework of Public Administration. Employing a qualitative, case-study approach, the research investigates the efficiency, effectiveness, and quality of immigration services, emphasising the application of New Public Management (NPM) principles and Good Governance practices. The findings reveal that while technological innovations such as digital systems (M-Passport and SIMKIM) have successfully improved operational efficiency and reduced physical queues, challenges persist regarding procedural transparency, accountability, and system reliability. Human errors and inconsistent discretion in handling complex documents highlight the need for enhanced capacity building and resource allocation. Moreover, issues of bureaucratic transparency and integrity undermine public trust, underscoring the importance of strengthening internal controls and communication strategies. The study also underscores that service quality is multidimensional, encompassing physical facilities, interpersonal professionalism, and procedural clarity, all of which influence public satisfaction. Despite improvements, the gap between technological efficiency and service effectiveness suggests that further efforts are needed to integrate digital innovations with robust procedural protocols. The research concludes that sustainable performance improvement requires a balanced focus on technological, human, and systemic factors, fostering a culture of transparency, accountability, and continuous development. These insights offer valuable policy recommendations to enhance the robustness and responsiveness of immigration services, ultimately strengthening the legitimacy and trust of government institutions in delivering public services.

This research aims to analyse the implementation of digital innovation in passport services at the Class I Immigration Office Tanjung Perak as part of bureaucratic reform and Good Governance initiatives. The study employed a qualitative case study approach, involving in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis, to assess the successes and challenges of digital systems such as SIMKIM and M-Paspor. The findings reveal that digital innovation has successfully improved operational efficiency and generally provided transparency into costs and application status, whilst reducing queuing times and increasing service speed, thereby enhancing public satisfaction and trust in immigration services. However, the innovation has not fully addressed structural and cultural bureaucratic barriers, as field officers tend to become passive when systems experience errors or delays, struggling to provide detailed explanations about issues, which results in information ambiguity and potentially undermines procedural transparency and performance accountability principles. The study concludes that bureaucratic reform in the immigration sector requires internal cultural updates and enhanced human resource competencies to support comprehensive transparency and accountability. Digital infrastructure instability and officers' discretionary authority significantly influence the effectiveness of digital innovation. Whilst digital innovation offers substantial benefits in efficiency and transparency, its success depends heavily on strengthening systems, improving human resource skills, and fostering organisational cultural change, with continuous efforts essential for achieving effective, transparent, and accountable public service.

Household waste management is a significant challenge in creating clean, healthy, and sustainable residential areas. Dependence on manual monitoring methods often leads to delays in waste collection, waste pile-ups, and operational inefficiencies. This community service program implements a Smart Trash Monitoring Sistem (STMS) based on the Internet of Things (IoT) in Graha Panyindangan Estate, Indramayu. The system utilizes ultrasonic sensors and ESP32 to detect waste levels and sends real-time data to a dashboard accessible by residents and cleaning staff. The results of implementing STMS show improved efficiency in waste management, with waste collection being carried out on time based on accurate, real-time data. This system also reduces the need for manual inspections and encourages responsible waste management behavior among residents. In addition to technical benefits, there have been social changes, such as increased environmental awareness and the formation of new social norms within the community. The involvement of local leaders in supporting the system’s sustainability further strengthens the implementation of the smart living concept, resulting in a cleaner, healthier, and more sustainable residential environment in the long term.

Household waste management is a significant challenge in creating clean, healthy, and sustainable residential areas. Dependence on manual monitoring methods often leads to delays in waste collection, waste pile-ups, and operational inefficiencies. This community service program implements a Smart Trash Monitoring Sistem (STMS) based on the Internet of Things (IoT) in Graha Panyindangan Estate, Indramayu. The system utilizes ultrasonic sensors and ESP32 to detect waste levels and sends real-time data to a dashboard accessible by residents and cleaning staff. The results of implementing STMS show improved efficiency in waste management, with waste collection being carried out on time based on accurate, real-time data. This system also reduces the need for manual inspections and encourages responsible waste management behavior among residents. In addition to technical benefits, there have been social changes, such as increased environmental awareness and the formation of new social norms within the community. The involvement of local leaders in supporting the system’s sustainability further strengthens the implementation of the smart living concept, resulting in a cleaner, healthier, and more sustainable residential environment in the long term.

This study aims to analyze the role of information technology systems in enhancing operational efficiency in modern Islamic banks. The implementation of information technology is considered essential for accelerating services, improving data accuracy, reducing administrative costs, and expanding the reach of digital financial services in the Islamic banking sector. This research employs a qualitative approach to explore processes, experiences, and the application of digital services in several Islamic banks that have implemented mobile banking, internet banking, and IT-based internal management systems. The findings reveal that information technology significantly improves operational efficiency and effectiveness through transaction digitalization, administrative process automation, mobile banking utilization, e-procurement systems, integration of digital payment features, and the adoption of fintech solutions. Information technology also strengthens data security and enhances service quality for customers. However, its implementation presents challenges such as cybersecurity risks, infrastructure readiness, human resource competence, and compliance with Sharia principles. Overall, the application of information technology systems contributes substantially to improving efficiency, productivity, and competitiveness in modern Islamic banking.

Household waste management remains a critical challenge in creating clean and sustainable residential environments. Manual monitoring methods often lead to delayed waste collection, overflowing bins, and operational inefficiency. This community engagement program implements an Internet of Things (IoT)-based Smart Trash Monitoring SIstem (STMS) at Graha Panyindangan Estate, Indramayu. The sIstem utilizes ultrasonic sensors and ESP32 microcontrollers to detect the fill level of household waste containers and transmit data in real time to a user-accessible dashboard. The results demonstrate that the STMS provides accurate waste-level information, reduces manual inspections, enhances collection efficiency, and fosters data-driven behavior among residents. Social changes also emerged, including improved environmental awareness, new social norms, and the emergence of local leaders supporting sIstem sustainability. This program contributes to the realization of smart living in modern residential communities, ensuring better waste management, cleaner environments, and more sustainable practices for future generations. It also provides valuable insights into the role of technology in addressing environmental issues at the community level.

The high-value horticulture sector has gained increasing attention in modern agricultural development, particularly in the cultivation of premium melon through greenhouse and fertigation systems. The Satria Tani Hanggawana Cooperative has initiated premium melon farming to enhance members’ income; however, investment decisions in high-value commodities require a comprehensive financial feasibility assessment to ensure business sustainability. This study aims to analyze the financial feasibility of premium melon farming by examining production costs, revenue, income, and financial efficiency indicators. Using a descriptive method with qualitative and quantitative approaches, the research was conducted through direct observation and interviews in two active greenhouses. The results show that the total production cost for one planting season reached Rp20,413,750, dominated by variable costs, reflecting the intensive input requirement to maintain product quality. The total revenue of Rp33,950,000 generated a net income of Rp13,536,250, indicating that the enterprise is financially profitable. The R/C Ratio of 1.67 confirms that the business operates efficiently, while the B/C Ratio of 0.67 indicates that net benefits remain below total costs due to reduced production caused by pest disturbances. The break-even analysis further shows that actual production far exceeded the minimum threshold required to avoid losses. Overall, the findings demonstrate that premium melon farming is financially viable, yet improvements in cost management, production monitoring, and greenhouse operational efficiency are essential to enhance profitability and long-term sustainability for the cooperative.

This study aims to analyze inventory control of catfish seeds at ABC Company by comparing the conventional inventory method represented by the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) approach and the Just In Time (JIT) system in order to improve cost efficiency. This research employed a descriptive quantitative approach using a case study design. Data were collected through direct observation, semi-structured interviews with company management, and documentation of inventory and cost records for the 2024 operational period. The analysis method involved calculating optimal order quantities, ordering frequency, delivery frequency, and total inventory costs using EOQ and JIT formulas, followed by a comparative cost efficiency analysis. The results show that the conventional method resulted in a total inventory cost of Rp 75,050,000 per year with high ordering frequency. In contrast, the implementation of the JIT system reduced inventory costs to Rp 18,762,500 per year, achieving a cost efficiency of 72%. These findings indicate that the JIT system is more cost-efficient than the conventional method; however, its implementation requires careful consideration of supplier capacity, logistics readiness, and biological risks associated with live inventory. This study contributes empirical evidence on the applicability of JIT in the aquaculture sector, which has different characteristics from manufacturing industries.

Leadership plays a crucial role in realizing digital transformation. Leaders who possess the ability to lead and utilize technology are called digital leaders. The era of information technology development, artificial intelligence, and the use of big data in the government sector will help improve services and accelerate work. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of digital leadership in digital transformation in the government sector. The research method used is a qualitative method with a literature study approach. The results show that the role of digital leadership is crucial in realizing digital transformation. By utilizing information technology, work processes in the government sector will be increasingly facilitated. In addition, the use of big data will simplify the decision-making process by leaders. Digital leadership also influences organizational culture, creating an environment that is more adaptive to technological changes. This enables government organizations to innovate more quickly in facing global challenges and increase operational efficiency. Furthermore, digital leadership also encourages collaboration between government agencies to achieve the common goal of accelerating digital transformation.

Financial management and administration have an important role in maintaining the sustainability and quality of educational institutions. Effective financial management is one of the indicators of good institutional governance and has a direct effect on the quality of educational services. This study aims to analyze the implementation of financial management and administration in MTs Muhammadiyah 3 Al-Furqon Banjarmasin. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, direct observations, and documentation studies. The results of the study show that the financial management of madrasah has been carried out systematically and transparently with a clear division of duties between the head of the madrasah, the treasurer, and the school committee. The use of the Madrasah Activity Plan and Budget (RKAM) digital application has been proven to increase efficiency, accuracy, and administrative order in financial reporting. However, there are still several obstacles, such as delays in the disbursement of School Operational Assistance (BOS) funds and limited internet networks. Good cooperation between madrassas and foundations also plays a role in maintaining the sustainability of educational programs. Overall, the madrasah financial system reflects the principles of transparency, accountability, and professionalism in the management of education finances.

Blasting and crushing are essential stages in the limestone mining process; however, both stages may contribute to material volume loss due to technical factors and geological conditions. This study aims to analyze the blasted volume, crushed volume, and the amount of volume loss occurring throughout these processes. The research utilizes primary data including blasting geometry, blasting patterns, crushing production, and secondary data such as regional geology and equipment specifications. Based on 15 blasting activities conducted from October to December 2024, the total blasted volume reached 71,691 tons with an average powder factor of 0.23 kg/m³. Meanwhile, the total volume produced from secondary crushing was 71,575 tons. The comparison indicates volume loss influenced by suboptimal fragmentation, rock characteristics, work efficiency of the crushing unit, and operational constraints in the field. The results of this study are expected to serve as a reference for optimizing blasting design and crushing operations to minimize volume loss and improve overall mining productivity.

Fortuna Furniture still manages its inventory manually, which causes many problems, including delayed reports, inaccurate information, and the potential for lost records. These issues affect the quality of decision-making and operational efficiency. This service aims to build a web-based inventory information system that improves speed, accuracy, and integration in inventory management. The system development process follows the Waterfall model SDLC approach, with requirements analysis, design, implementation, and testing supported by interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of the activity show that the developed system can reduce input errors, speed up the process of recording incoming and outgoing goods, and enable real-time stock monitoring. Additionally, the report generation process becomes more efficient and easier for management to access. Overall, the use of this information system significantly improved the efficiency of Fortuna Furniture's inventory management and demonstrated the importance of digitalization in helping businesses run more smoothly.

The effectiveness of a retail store layout plays a crucial role in supporting operational efficiency, service flow, and customer experience. Brother Parfume, a perfume refill retail store, currently applies a bar-service layout designed based on intuition and daily operational needs rather than systematic planning. This often results in inefficient movement patterns, limited space utilization, and suboptimal coordination among functional areas. This study aims to redesign the store layout by applying the Entity Relationship Chart (ERC) and Total Closeness Rating (TCR) methods to identify functional relationships and determine the ideal spatial arrangement. Data were collected through direct observation and semi-structured interviews with the store owner to understand the interaction between service areas, product displays, and storage sections. The ERC analysis shows that the service area, perfume display, and bottle display have the highest functional interdependence, while the storage area has the lowest necessity for proximity. TCR results confirm these findings, with the service area and perfume display each scoring 90, bottle display 21, and storage 3. Based on these results, two alternative layouts are proposed that integrate high-priority areas into a unified service zone and position storage separately to minimize unnecessary movement. The redesigned layout is expected to enhance service speed, optimize space utilization, support operational procedures, and strengthen the store’s servicescape. This research contributes practical insights into the application of ERC and TCR methods for small-scale retail operations, particularly in the perfume refill sector, where service efficiency and spatial constraints are critical.

The International Maritime Organization (IMO), as one of the key organizations contributing to the reduction of carbon emissions in the maritime sector, offers several options that maritime industry stakeholders can utilize to measure carbon emissions, one of which is calculating the Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator (EEOI). The statistical x-bar control chart, employed as a monitoring instrument for the EEOI quality parameter, indicates that one container ship trip recorded an EEOI value of 0.00104, which exceeded the upper control limit of 0.00098. The results of process capability analysis on the initial dataset sample revealed that the value of Cp < 1, indicating that energy efficiency performance was not satisfactory. Process control was subsequently applied by eliminating anomalous data, which demonstrated a potential reduction in fuel consumption and EEOI by approximately 25%, as reflected in the improvement of the Cp value. The potential for enhancing the ship’s operational capability, however, still requires further control measures to improve energy efficiency performance. The reduction in fuel consumption directly contributes to lower emission levels, thereby supporting the realization of a sustainable shipping industry.

This study aims to analyze and compare rice inventory valuation using the FIFO, FEFO, and Average methods in determining the cost of goods sold (COGS) at UD. Rahayu Indah. This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach with a perpetual inventory recording system. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation from January to December 2024. The results show that each method produces different COGS values: the FIFO method produces the lowest COGS, followed by FEFO, while the Average method produces the highest COGS. This difference is influenced by cost allocation based on the order of goods in and out and price fluctuations during the production period. These findings indicate that the FIFO method is the most effective method to be applied at UD. Rahayu Indah because it reflects the logical physical flow of goods, supports cost efficiency, and increases the company's gross profit. In addition, this method is also in line with the company's operational characteristics, which have stable purchasing patterns and are in accordance with the principles of PSAK No. 14 on inventory. The results of this study are expected to assist UD. Rahayu Indah's management in determining an inventory valuation strategy that is efficient, accurate, and supports business sustainability.

Global economic developments show the acceleration of the adoption of circular business models, where resource efficiency and waste reduction are the main focuses to answer sustainability demands and SDGs targets. Although this trend is strengthening globally, MSMEs, especially those based on family businesses, are still lagging behind in their implementation, even though digitalization is increasingly opening up opportunities for operational optimization and innovation. The urgency of this research arises from the need to understand how the digital mindset and transformation of family business management can accelerate the readiness of MSMEs in implementing circular business practices. The novelty of this research lies in the integration of the three strategic concepts into a single analytical framework through the Systematic Literature Review (SLR), a perspective that has rarely been combined in previous studies. With the SLR method based on the PRISMA protocol, this study shows that MSMEs already have a strong foundation in the digital mindset, including technology readiness, innovation orientation, and adaptation of digital business models. Family business values have also been proven to support business continuity through knowledge transfer and long-term investment. However, the implementation of circular business practices is still weak, especially in resource cycle management, sustainable product design, and environmental impact measurement. The implication is that the synergy of digital mindset and family business governance can strengthen the transition of MSMEs to a circular economy that directly supports the achievement of the SDGs, especially in the areas of sustainable consumption-production and industrial innovation.

This study aims to develop and implement a web-based Library Information System as a means to enhance literacy within the Kampoeng Baca Pelangi (KBP) Community. The system is designed to simplify library data management processes that were previously performed manually, including book cataloging, member registration, borrowing, returning, and the generation of operational reports. The development process follows the Waterfall method, starting from requirement analysis, system design, implementation, up to system testing. The results indicate that the system successfully meets the primary needs of the library administrators, based on feasibility testing involving internal KBP respondents. Evaluation through a Likert-scale questionnaire produced a score of 94%, indicating that the system falls into the “Highly Feasible” category for use. Features such as book data management, borrowing/return transaction processing, collection search, and report generation are proven to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of library operations.

PAMTIRTA Tempino is an institution that provides clean water services in the Tempino area. The process of recording water use and monitoring water turbidity is still done manually, making it prone to recording errors and making it difficult to monitor the water quality distributed to the community. This study aims to design a website-based water turbidity recording and monitoring system by focusing on User Interface (UI) and User Experience (UX) aspects using the Design Thinking method. The research follows five stages of Design Thinking: empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and test. Data collection involves observation and in-depth interviews with PAMTIRTA officers. The results include a design with key features such as digital water meter recording, turbidity monitoring dashboards, and complaint services. The prototype was tested using Maze and the System Usability Scale (SUS), achieving a score of 80.1 and falling into the "Good" category (grade B). These results demonstrate that the UI/UX design effectively provides an easy-to-understand, operationally suitable, and efficient solution for PAMTIRTA Tempino's water recording and turbidity monitoring needs. This design offers a ready-to-implement solution to improve the efficiency, accuracy, and quality of clean water services in the Tempino area.  

The manual employee attendance process at the Perjuk Village government level often results in inaccurate data, delayed recapitulation, and difficulties in real-time attendance monitoring. This study aims to develop an Internet of Things (IoT) and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)-based village employee attendance system to simplify the administrative process and improve the efficiency of attendance recording. The development method used is the Research and Development (R&D) model with stages including needs analysis, system design, validation, field trials, and product revisions. The system was built using an ESP32 microcontroller, an RC522 RFID module, and a Wi-Fi connection to transmit attendance data to a web-based server. Testing was conducted using the black box method to ensure all system features run according to design. The results of the black box test show that all features run according to design. The system records attendance automatically with 100% accuracy, saves data to the server database, and displays reports in the form of tables, graphs, and statistical cards. The study concludes that this IoT and RFID-based attendance system is able to improve the accuracy, speed, and efficiency of recording compared to manual methods, and is in accordance with operational needs at the Perjuk Village Office.

The main problem with the water heating system on offshore platforms is the absence of water level monitoring and automatic overflow detection. This has the potential to cause hot water spills that endanger workplace safety and operational efficiency. This research designs and implements a water level monitoring system based on the Arduino Uno microcontroller with HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensors. The system is equipped with LED indicators, a buzzer alarm, and a 16x2 LCD to display water level status in real-time. Water levels are classified into three zones (low, medium, high), and overflow is detected if the water is within 3 cm of the sensor. Testing was conducted on a 5-liter simulation tank representing actual 500-liter tank conditions. Test results showed a reading accuracy of 96% and a quick system response to overflow conditions (<1 second). This system is economical, easy to develop, and highly applicable for offshore environments. In addition, this system can be integrated with IoT technology for remote monitoring.