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This article explores a critical perspective on epistemology that has long been influenced by Western-centric biases, aiming to uncover its inherent discriminatory aspects. Employing a literature-based approach, the discussion centers on two primary concerns. First, the exclusionary nature of Western epistemology is inseparable from the ideals of modernity, which emphasize progress and innovation. These characteristics often marginalize alternative knowledge systems rooted in traditional or indigenous communities. Second, the discourse of development operates as a mechanism to perpetuate Western epistemological dominance, serving as a justification to reassert control over nations in the Global South or former colonies. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of fostering a critical mindset among scholars, encouraging openness to diverse epistemological frameworks that reflect local contexts, without entirely dismissing the scientific traditions of the West.

This study aims to analyze the influence of financial performance on firm value in the manufacturing sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Financial performance in this study is measured through four main indicators: Return on Equity (ROE), Return on Assets (ROA), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER). Meanwhile, firm value is determined using market-based financial ratios. The research method used is a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression analysis. The research data were obtained from publicly available financial reports of manufacturing companies with a total of 84 observations during the study period. This research model was designed to test the extent of influence of each financial performance indicator on variations in firm value. The analysis results show that ROE, ROA, NIM, and DER simultaneously have a significant effect on firm value. Partially, ROE and NIM are proven to have a significant positive impact, meaning that the higher the two ratios, the higher the firm value. Conversely, ROA and DER show a significant negative effect, indicating that an increase in these two variables actually decreases the firm value. These findings indicate different dynamics between financial indicators in influencing market perception. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 30.6% confirms that the variation in firm value can be explained by the four independent variables in the model, while the remainder is influenced by other external factors not included in the study. Therefore, the results of this study provide important insights for management and investors regarding the role of financial indicators in shaping firm value. Management can use these findings to evaluate financial strategies, while investors can use this information to strengthen the basis for investment decisions.

Nonlinear dynamical systems represent a fundamental area of study in applied mathematics due to their relevance across various disciplines, including physics, biology, and engineering. Their inherent complexity, characterized by phenomena such as bifurcation, chaos, and sensitivity to parameter variations, often limits the effectiveness of traditional manual analysis, particularly when addressing high-dimensional or computationally intensive models. This study aims to address these challenges by applying computational modeling and numerical simulation techniques to analyze the stability of nonlinear dynamical systems. The research employs analytical methods, including equilibrium point identification and linearization, which are then validated and extended through the fourth-order Runge-Kutta numerical method. Simulations were conducted to visualize equilibrium points, phase portraits, and parameter-driven bifurcation phenomena. The findings demonstrate a strong correspondence between analytical and numerical approaches, with minimal error margins (≤1%) observed in equilibrium point estimation, thus confirming the reliability of computational methods. Moreover, the bifurcation analysis revealed critical transitions such as pitchfork and Hopf bifurcations, which indicate sudden shifts from stability to instability behaviors that are difficult to capture through manual calculations alone. The integration of computational approaches provides clear advantages, offering systematic exploration of parameter spaces and detailed visualizations of system dynamics, thereby expanding the scope of stability analysis. In conclusion, this study emphasizes that computational modeling is not only an effective complement to analytical methods but also a necessary strategy for advancing the understanding of nonlinear dynamical systems in applied mathematics.  

This systematic review aims to comprehensively evaluate the consequences of social marginalization on the mental health conditions of populations in Middle Eastern conflict zones, utilizing data from 2015 to 2024. Through a critical examination of 47 studies that met the inclusion criteria, a markedly high prevalence of mental disorders within this population was identified, namely post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at 42.8% (95% CI = 38.4–47.2), major depression at 37.6% (95% CI = 33.2–42.0), and generalized anxiety disorder at 35.3% (95% CI = 31.1–39.5). Furthermore, the results of the meta-analysis revealed a very strong and statistically significant correlation between social marginalization and the severity of mental health disorders (r = 0.73, p < 0.001), indicating that the more intensely an individual experiences various forms of social marginalization, the more severe the psychological disorders they endure. Moreover, the three most dominant determinants of social marginalization were identified as limited access to healthcare services (OR = 3.82, 95% CI = 3.14–4.50), the persistence of systemic discrimination (OR = 3.45, 95% CI = 2.87–4.03), and widespread social isolation (OR = 3.21, 95% CI = 2.66–3.76). These findings not only expand upon the prior research outcomes of Al-Krenawi and Graham (2009) and Amsalem et al. (2025), which were confined to the aspect of PTSD but also provide new empirical evidence concerning a broader spectrum of mental disorders as well as specific patterns of social marginalization within the conflict landscape of the Middle East. Finally, this study contributes significantly to the academic literature by elaborating on the complex interactive mechanisms between practices of social marginalization and mental health deterioration while offering a framework for community-based interventions that are responsive and adaptive to the socio-political conditions characteristic of Middle Eastern conflict zones.

The Gospel of Luke places special emphasis on the concept of the Kingdom of God as the core of the preaching of Jesus Christ. In Luke's understanding, the Kingdom of God is not merely an eschatological reality that will come in the future, but also a spiritual reality that has been present through the work, teachings, and ministry of Jesus. This study aims to explore in depth the meaning, characteristics, and implications of the Kingdom of God as presented in the Gospel of Luke. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a literature study of biblical texts and relevant theological references. The results of the study show that the Kingdom of God in the Gospel of Luke has several important aspects, namely being theocentric, dynamic, messianic, and closely related to salvation. The Kingdom of God is present in the ministry of Jesus and is marked by real actions such as forgiveness of sins, healing, and preaching to marginalized groups. The implications of this study emphasize that a correct understanding of the Kingdom of God will bring about radical changes in life and require repentance, faith, and active involvement in the preaching of the Gospel. Thus, the concept of the Kingdom of God in the Gospel of Luke has strong relevance to the lives of believers today.

This research was made to examine the determinants of financial performance of banking companies in Indonesia. There are four independent variables (board of diversity, net interest margin, operational efficiency, and liquidity risk) and a moderating variable (firm size) have been analyzed in this research. Testing the interaction effect of firm size in explaining the influence of these four independent variables on banking financial performance is still very limited. This quantitative research was analyzed by using secondary data from audited annual reports of the company. The purposive sampling technique was used to choose the research’s samples during the observation periods (2018-2022) and obtained 200 observations (40 samples over 5 years of research). Panel data regression with the EViews program was used to test the eight hypotheses which was developed in this research. The results of the Chow test and Hausman test confirm the use of the Random Effect Model in the analysis. The findings from testing the interaction model show that firm size does not moderate the influence of board of diversity and net interest margin on financial performance, while for operational efficiency and liquidity risk variables, the firm size shows a pure moderating role for the both.

Thailand is a country with a majority Buddhist population. Buddhist life has colored almost all aspects of life in Thailand, both in government (kingdom), system, education curriculum, law and so on. However, there are also several other religions practiced by some Thai people including Islam, Christianity, Hinduism, Confucianism and Singh. In percentage, the Muslim population in the Land of the White Elephant is only around 5.5% of the total citizens who are predominantly Buddhist. Looking at the percentage, almost all Malay Muslims live in Pattani Province. This quantitative fact has marginalized them socially and politically and made them a minority ethnic group in Thailand. The purpose of this writing is to analyze the reconstruction of the relationship between the state and citizens in the historicization of the Thai constitution. The method used is the normative legal method using a legislative approach and a conceptual approach. The results of the study show that during modern history, Thailand has continued to strengthen democratic institutions to ensure that the voices of all people are heard and respected. In recent years, grassroots community groups and independent organizations have appeared to play a more active role. This has led Thailand to a participatory democracy that encourages all levels of society to be more actively involved in shaping the national agenda. Thai democracy continues to experience ups and downs. A number of political crises have occurred, triggered by differences in views and ideologies among groups in Thai society in guarding the integrity of the nation in the 21st century.   Keywords: Historicization, Thai Constitution, Reconstruction, State & Citizen Relations

The purpose of the study was to determine the form of pricing strategy, the implementation of pricing strategy and the implications of the bidding pricing strategy to win the tender at PT. Vidya Radeva Artha. The research methodology used a descriptive qualitative method, with observation, interview, and documentation data collection techniques. The results of this study consist of three important points, namely: The form of the bidding pricing strategy to win the tender at PT. Vidya Radeva Artha, namely the cost-plus pricing strategy, the value-based pricing strategy, and the penetration pricing strategy (low pricing). The process of the bidding pricing strategy to win the tender at PT. Vidya Radeva Artha is from the cost of goods added to other costs which are then carried out by increasing the profit margin by 10% -60%. The implications of the cost-based pricing strategy are carried out for middle-type tenders, namely tenders with quantities that are neither large nor small, the cost-based pricing strategy is carried out for special custom tenders from PT. Trakindo, namely tenders with quantities that are not large but are certain to win the tender, and finally the penetration pricing strategy is carried out for consumer goods tenders with quantities that are large compared to other tenders.

This research is motivated by the limited knowledge of human resources in operating Warehouse Management System (WMS). The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of WMS training materials, methods, and trainers on production smoothness at PT. McDermott Batam and to analyze the influence of training duration on production smoothness. This study uses a quantitative method with a simple linear regression analysis approach. The population of the study were employees of PT. McDermott Batam, with a sample of 67 respondents selected using the Simple Random Sampling (SRS) technique and calculated using the Slovin formula with a margin of error of 10%. Data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation, questionnaires, and literature studies, then analyzed using SPSS software version 30. The results showed that WMS training had a positive and significant effect on production smoothness with a significance value of 0.001 <0.05 and tcount 8.565> ttable 1.997. In addition, WMS training contributed 53% to production smoothness. Thus, increasing the effectiveness of WMS training can be an important strategy in improving production smoothness at PT. McDermott Batam.

The study looks at how elections in Nigeria and other countries set the stage for political succession. They once gave dishonest people and organizations the chance to carry out crimes of rigging to harm the electorate and other competitors. Stakeholders and the electorate are marginalized by unchecked manipulation, which results in their losing the election or having their votes stolen or canceled, all without their fault. This was the case prior to the introduction of smart card readers and permanent voter cards. The use of technology in Nigerian elections made it very difficult for results to be altered, either by dishonest people or by changing figures in an arbitrary and fraudulent manner. This electronic device is very difficult to copy or compromise due to its transparent application and built-in security mechanisms. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the reasons why the smart card reader was necessary, the arguments against its usage, and its effectiveness in the 2015 presidential elections, as well as the possibility of more elections in the future.

This study explores the role of the Catholic Church in fostering dialogue with migrants and refugees in the Diocese of Maumere, Indonesia, while also examining its pastoral and theological responses to the complex challenges posed by modern migration. As migration becomes a pressing global issue, the Church is called to be a beacon of compassion, justice, and inclusion for those displaced from their homelands. Employing a qualitative research method, this study utilizes both fieldwork and literature review, with data gathered through in-depth interviews with clergy and community members, as well as analysis of ecclesiastical documents and pastoral guidelines.The findings reveal that the Church implements three primary forms of dialogue: the dialogue of presence, which emphasizes being physically and emotionally present with migrants; the dialogue of life, which promotes shared daily experiences and mutual respect; and the dialogue of liberation, which focuses on advocating for the rights and dignity of refugees. Despite these efforts, the Church faces several challenges, including limited financial and human resources, bureaucratic inefficiencies, and cultural resistance from segments of the local population.To address these obstacles, the study recommends that the Church strengthen collaboration with government agencies and civil society organizations, enhance education and empowerment initiatives for refugees, and promote community awareness on the values of solidarity and acceptance. By adopting a comprehensive and sustainable approach, the Church can reinforce its mission to serve the marginalized and uphold the inherent dignity of every human being, especially those most vulnerable due to forced migration and displacement.

The development of the Toba Caldera Geopark as a national priority tourism destination is part of the government’s efforts to drive regional economic growth, improve community welfare, and strengthen Indonesia’s position in sustainable tourism. However, its implementation presents significant challenges in balancing economic development, environmental sustainability, and social justice, particularly for indigenous communities around the area. This study aims to analyze the impact of the Toba Caldera Geopark development policy on the environment and local indigenous communities. A multidisciplinary approach was employed, combining qualitative methods through in-depth interviews and participatory observations, along with quantitative data from surveys and official secondary sources. The results indicate potential conflicts between tourism infrastructure development and nature conservation, including environmental degradation and the erosion of local cultural values. Additionally, there is a risk of marginalization of indigenous communities in terms of access to natural resources and their involvement in decision-making processes. Therefore, this study recommends the need for more inclusive and sustainable policies that place indigenous communities at the center of geopark management. Active participation of local communities, recognition of customary land rights, and development approaches based on local wisdom are essential to achieving equitable, sustainable, and environmentally responsible development of the Toba Caldera Geopark.

"Blue Ocean Leadership" is a strategic approach that aims to create a new market that is free from competitors by focusing on innovation and value creation. In the context of increasingly competitive businesses, many organizations are trapped in a "sea of red," where fierce competition leads to declining profit margins. This concept invites leaders to move to the "blue ocean," which is an unexplored market space where demand can be created rather than simply shared. Through visionary and creative leadership, leaders can encourage teams to identify new opportunities, design unique products or services, and deliver unparalleled customer experiences. Leadership in the context of Blue Ocean also involves developing an organizational culture that supports innovation, collaboration, and continuous learning. By empowering employees to think outside conventional boundaries, organizations can find solutions that not only meet customer needs but also create greater value. This approach is not only financially profitable, but it also contributes to the company's long-term sustainability in the face of market changes. Overall, Blue Ocean Leadership offers a relevant framework for leaders to design effective strategies in creating new markets that are sustainable and free from competitors.      

Communication is the process of exchanging information, ideas, thoughts, and feelings between individuals or groups through the use of words, signs, or actions. This process can take place verbally or non-verbally and involves various media and channels, such as face-to-face conversations, writing, gestures, facial expressions, and digital technology. This research was conducted at STMIK Kaputama Binjai, namely the WhatsApp group between lecturers and students. This study uses the Support Vector Machine (SVM) method. SVM is a type of supervised learning machine learning that requires sample data. Support Vector Machine (SVM) is an algorithm developed by Boser, Guyon, and Vapnik in 1992. Support Vector Machine (SVM) has a concept that is combined with previous computational theories. This method can transform training data into higher dimensions using non-linear patterns. The results of the Support Vector Machine method classification with a total of 16 positive sentiments, 40 neutral sentiments and 71 negative sentiments. Accuracy value 67%, margin error 39%. Positive prediction precision 75%, neutral prediction precision 83% and negative prediction precision 88%..

PT Sri Rejeki Isman, Tbk (Sritex) is the largest textile company in Southeast Asia. The problem in this study is how the financial performance of PT Sri Rejeki Isman Tbk (Sritex) in 2020 - 2023 based on liquidity ratios, solvency ratios, activity ratios, and profitability ratios. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview and analyse the performance conditions of PT Sri Rejeki Isman, Tbk (Sritex) in 2020 - 2023 based on liquidity ratios, solvency ratios, activity ratios, and profitability ratios. This research is a type of case study research at PT Sri Rejeki Isman, Tbk (Sritex) for the period 2020 - 2023. The type of data used is secondary data, in the form of balance sheet reports and income statements of PT Sri Rejeki Isman, Tbk (Sritex). The results of the liquidity ratio, the average current ratio is 1.93%, indicating a bad condition. The average quick ratio is 1.03%, indicating unfavourable conditions. The average cash ratio is 0.16%, indicating a poor condition. The results of the solvency ratio, the ratio of debt to assets averaged 1.61%, indicating an unfavourable condition. The average debt to equity ratio is 2.37%, indicating poor condition. The results of the activity ratio, the average fixed asset turnover ratio is 1.30 times, indicating an unfavourable condition. The average total asset turnover ratio is 0.60 times, indicating an unfavourable condition. The results of the profitability ratio, the average return on assets ratio is -0.38%, indicating poor condition. Return on equity averaged -0.80%, indicating a poor condition. The average gross profit margin was -0.26%, indicating unfavourable conditions. The average net profit margin was -0.59%, indicating unfavourable conditions

This study aims to measure the business performance of CV XYZ through the perspectives of finance, customers, internal business processes, growth and learning of the balanced scorecard method at CV XYZ in 2023. The data used is primary data, in the form of data from interviews with CV XYZ managers or those who have authority over CV XYZ business performance data. The results of the study can be concluded that based on research on the financial perspective, the results of the calculation of current ratio, revenue growth, debt to total assets, debt to equity, return on equity, return on assets and net profit margin get “good” criteria. In the customer perspective, the results of the calculation of customer retention get “sufficient” criteria, while the results of the calculation of customer acquisition and customer complaints get “good” criteria. In the internal business process perspective, the results of the calculation of minimize error rate and rework, and agreements with third parties get the “good” criteria. In the growth and learning perspective, the results of the calculation of employee retention get the criteria “sufficient”, employee training gets the criteria “good” and absenteeism gets the criteria “not good”.

This study examines the production costs and profitability of crab farming enterprises in Prapag Kidul Village, Brebes Regency. Using a quantitative descriptive approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and financial documentation from crab farmers. The research found that feed costs constitute the largest component of variable costs, accounting for 30% of total production costs. Financial analysis revealed favorable profitability levels with a Gross Profit Margin of 33%, Net Profit Margin of 24%, and Return on Investment of 30%. Factors significantly influencing profitability include cost management efficiency, market price fluctuations, crab quality, and access to capital. The findings suggest that systematic financial recording and cost management strategies are crucial for improving business sustainability and competitiveness in the crab farming sector.

This study aims to analyze the financial performance of PT. Adaro Energy Tbk for the period 2021-2023 using the Index Time Series method. PT. Adaro Energy Tbk is an integrated energy company that focuses on coal mining. The data analyzed comes from the company's financial statements published on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The research method is quantitative non-statistical with a purposive sampling technique to determine the sample. Data analysis techniques include Time Series calculations by looking at the financial performance values of the Liquidity, Solvency, and Profitability Ratios. The results of the analysis show that the financial performance of PT. Adaro Energy Tbk In the period 2021-2023, the company's Current Ratio increased from 2.08% in 2021 to 2.17% in 2022, before decreasing slightly to 2.01% in 2023. Despite the decline, the company still has sufficient liquidity. Debt to Equity Ratio dropped significantly from 83.47% in 2021 to 41.33% in 2023, signaling the end of management in reducing debt. Profitability through Net Profit Margin (NPM) increased from 23.27% in 2021 to 30.75% in 2022, but decreased to 25.22% in 2023. The results of this study provide stakeholders with insight into the dynamics of the company's financial performance, as well as provide a good foundation for making financial decisions in the future.

Indonesia is a country that recognizes two major concepts and then they implement them, such as the Republic and Democracy systems. The two concepts are even stronger presented in the 1945 Constitution as the main part and at the same time a source of pride. However, Indonesia does not really practice the two concepts in reality because they have eliminated one important part of the general problem, namely the position of citizens and their rights in the country. The phenomenon of marginalizing left-wing politics is a tragedy in Indonesian history that makes the construction of the paradigm of Indonesian society consider that left-wing politics is too radical, anarchic and dangerous for Indonesia. so that the steps they take are to stay away from the world of left-wing politics which results in an imbalance between the government and citizens, a gap where the government together with the capitalists compete in progress and happiness, while ordinary people in Indonesia try and fight to stay alive. Left-wing politics is part of one way to apply the principles of Pancasila, especially the fourth and fifth principles. Left-wing politics basically offers a humanitarian struggle, so Indonesia needs that principle to revive national values ​​in the form of real changes to better steps.

This research examines the financial performance of PT Astra International Tbk during the period 2020-2023 through comprehensive profitability ratio analysis. The study employs multiple financial metrics including Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Gross Profit Margin (GPM), and Operating Profit Margin (OPM) to evaluate the company's operational efficiency and profitability. Through quantitative analysis with a descriptive approach, this study reveals that PT Astra International demonstrated resilient financial performance despite challenging market conditions. The findings indicate average ROA of 8.05%, suggesting moderate asset utilization efficiency. The company maintained a healthy ROE averaging 13.92%, though below industry benchmarks, while achieving a stable GPM of 22.6% and OPM of 15.06%, reflecting effective cost management and operational efficiency. These results provide valuable insights for stakeholders and contribute to understanding the automotive sector's financial dynamics in Indonesia.