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This research aims to study the role and position of the principal as a leader in implementing the Independent Learning program in elementary schools and the influence of this leadership on the success of achieving educational goals. Apart from that, this also shows that the principal's leadership plays a strategic role in determining the success of educational goals. This research uses literature research methods and data is obtained by analyzing various sources such as books, scientific journals, articles and other documents related to the research subject. The study shows that the leadership of the school principal is very important to support the implementation of Merdeka Belajar. As leaders, they are responsible for setting policies, creating an educational vision that is aligned with national goals, and optimizing existing resources to create a good learning environment. The Independent Learning Program, which was founded by the Minister of Education, Culture, Research and Technology Nadiem Makarim, aims to realize the Pancasila Student Profile by producing students with superior character. Religious values, global diversity, independence, creativity and critical thinking are part of this profile. The success of the Merdeka Belajar program really depends on school principals who are good at managing education policies at the school level. With good leadership, school principals can incorporate the principles of Independent Learning into the elementary school curriculum and make a real contribution to achieving educational goals.    

Garut is one of the areas that has local cultural wisdom that is still beautiful and preserved. The diversity of existing plants has sufficient economic value and has potential as alternative ingredients and medicines. The people of Garut still cultivate and use plants as alternative medicines that can cure various diseases. The Mustajab plant or Gedi Leaf with the scientific name Abelmoschus manihot of the Malvace family is one of the herbal plants that has long been used by the people of Sindangsari village as a fever reducer or pyretic in babies. Pyretics is a condition in which the body experiences an increase in temperature above normal limits due to a response to infection or inflammation. This research was conducted in Sindangsari Village, Leuwigoong District, Garut Regency. The method used in this research is an exploratory survey method. The data collection technique uses a purposive sampling method. This research data analysis uses qualitative and quantitative methods. To calculate the use value, the UV method is used. Apart from that, the Fidelity Level Index (FLI) method is also used. Mustajab leaves are included in the category of plants with metabolite compounds which can produce compounds from the soil itself. Mustajab leaves can cure fever in babies because they contain many active compounds, one of which is flavonoid compounds. Based on the results presented in the table, it can be seen that the highest FL value is in the mustajab plant which is used as a treatment for fever in babies with a FL value of 51.5%. Based on the results table, it can be seen that the highest UV value is in the use of mustajab leaves as a medicine for baby fever with a UV value of 0.51. There are many processing and application methods for using mustajab leaves as traditional medicine, including boiling, squeezing and pounding. Based on the data above, it can be concluded that mustajab leaves are one of the traditional food plants which are usually used by rural communities as an alternative medicine to reduce fever in babies.

This trendy drink is very popular among young people. Competition between beverage shops can be seen from the emergence of various beverage shops that have distinctive characteristics. Direct observation of D'sruput MSME operations provides insight into production processes, inventory management, marketing strategies, and interactions with customers. Based on the results of interviews and field observations, several factors were found that trigger buying interest among young people, namely a comfortable place, friendly service, good taste and other factors. The many variations and unique restaurant names and menu names make it attractive to buy. Apart from that, the price is quite affordable and the packaging design is creative and attractive. Apart from that, research also finds that personal, social and psychological factors factor into young people's interest in buying trendy drinks. Therefore, it is hoped that this research will be useful for business people in the culinary and beverage industry as well as further research regarding business research in this field.

Background: Stress is a major health threat. According to the 2022 adolescent mental health survey, 15.5 million (34.9 percent) adolescents experience mental problems and 2.45 million (5.5 percent) adolescents experience mental disorders. The results of a survey at the University of Indonesia showed that 50% of students who were doing their thesis experienced stress. This can be overcome with non-pharmacological therapy using peppermint incense aromatherapy to reduce stress levels when preparing a thesis for "X" University students. Method: The research design used in this study was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test approach with a control group. The sampling technique used was probability sampling with a simple random sampling method and obtained 58 respondents. Results: Based on analysis using SPSS 24.0, the average value (mean) of the reduction in stress levels in the experimental group was 2.76, while the reduction in stress levels in the control group was 0.00. Apart from that, the results of the paired t test in the experimental group obtained a value of Pv = 0.000 ( alpha = 0.05) which shows the influence of peppermint incense aromatherapy on reducing stress levels when preparing a thesis for students at "X" University, while in the control group the value Pv = 1,000 (alpha=0.05) which indicates there is no effect on the control group. Apart from that, the results of the Man Whitney test obtained a value of Pv = 0.000 (alpha = 0.05) which shows that there are differences between the experimental group and the control group. Conclusion: Based on the research above, it can be concluded that there is an influence of incense aromatherapy.

This paper aims to investigate who the market makers are and how they are manipulating retail traders in the Indonesian Stock Exchange. The method used is library research and field research. The approach to this research is a descriptive approach because it wants to describe the empirical reality behind the phenomenon in depth. Information data uses primary data, namely conducting interviews and secondary data which is data that is available through journals, books and other factual supporting sources. Apart from that, analysis of the information data used uses the Miles & Huberman Interactive Analysis Model starting from data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. Stock observation observation method through the stockbit application, to see stock movements over the current 3 (three) year period. Fried stocks are one of the stocks that can provide fast returns in the blink of an eye. To transact in fried stocks, someone must have an aggressive risk profile and already have a lot of experience in the world of stocks. The share price had an extraordinary increase, this was caused by the Market Maker deliberately manipulating the share price.

The rush of vaccinations for the community is very important because it can help accelerate the spread of the Covid-19 vaccine, thereby minimizing the number of people infected with Covid-19. The purpose of this Community Service is to help the community be calmer in carrying out a new life in the Covid-19 pandemic called the new normal, by always implementing health protocols, namely wearing masks, washing hands, and maintaining distance.  This activity was supported by a team of lecturers, a team of cadets, volunteers of the Jalapati team, and health workers of the AAL Health unit. Vaccination is carried out for several periods from  October 5, 2020, to April 27, 2022, and in several places, namely at the Al Muttaqiin Kenjeran Mosque, AL-Rodlotul Jannah Gedangan Mosque, AL Ukhuwah Candi Mosque and AL Karomah Kramat Jegu Banyuwangi Mosque;    Masjid At Taqwa Dewaruci Pesapen AAL;  Gresik District Health Office, Slempit Gresik Health Center and Kedamean Gresik Health Center;  Satkes Lanal Malang, Malang City Health Office, Malang Regency Health Office, Batu City Health Office, Pasuruan PKK Chairman, Blitar Health Office, Srengat Blitar Hospital and Kademangan Blitar Health Center; Lamongan Health Office;  Bhinor Paiton Probolinggo Village;  Probolinggo Health Office; Mandangin Sampang Madura;  Halong Pier and Morokrembangan Kalianak Fishing Village;  ICC Propan Raya Paint Factory Sidoarjo Branch; Surabaya Shipping Science Polytechnic; Educity Apartment Perum Pakuwon City Complex; Pasar Turi Station Surabaya. The implementation of vaccination is guided by: Decree of the Director General of Disease Prevention and Control Number HK.02.02/4/ 1/2021 concerning Technical Guidelines for the Implementation of Vaccination in the Context of Overcoming the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid -19) Pandemic, Circular Letter HK.02.01/I/2007/2021 concerning Covid-19 Vaccination for Pregnant Women and Screening Adjustments in the Implementation of Covid-19 Vaccination, as well as Circular Number: HK.02.02/II/252/2022 concerning Vaccination  Covid-19 Advanced Dose (Booster).

Language and semiotics have a close relationship and are interrelated. Language is a system of signs that humans use to communicate, while semiotics is the science that studies signs. Semiotics is a science that studies signs. This paper aims to describe the semiotic studies contained in the lyrics of the albums "Human" and "Monochrome". Apart from that, it also describes the albums "Humans" and Monochrome" as learning material for analyzing poetry texts in class X SMA. This research uses a descriptive approach using a qualitative method. The descriptive approach utilizes data in the form of a deep understanding of the use of semiotic signs in song lyrics, as well as being able to understand the meaning and context in their use. The conclusion of the analysis is as follows: Study of the semiotics of the lyrics of the albums "Manusia" and "Monochrome" by Tulus, that the signifiers found in this research are in the form of song lyrics, in the form of the suffixes a, u, i, ng, ar, am, ang. The signified found in this research is related to social reality, has meaning regarding the value of motivation towards other people, the value of optimism, and the value of love for someone as a whole of the song lyrics. The album "Human" and Monochrome" by Tulus can be used as learning material to analyze poetry texts in class X high school. Learning the semiotics of a collection of song lyrics from Tulus can improve students' ability to understand feelings, imagination, sensitivity and understanding of the characters depicted.

TPR is a learning method that combines physical movements with verbal instructions to improve students' understanding of the language they hear. The aim of this research is to determine the application of the Total Physical Response (TPR) method to optimize students' receptive language abilities. This research investigates how TPR can improve students' ability to listen and respond to verbal instructions. Research shows that using TPR improves vocabulary comprehension, speeds responses to commands, and optimizes overall receptive language skills. Apart from that, TPR has also proven to be effective in creating a fun and interactive learning atmosphere, thus further motivating students to learn languages. This makes TPR an effective way to develop students' receptive language skills more comprehensively.

The sustainability of the agribusiness sector is very dependent on the certainty of land rights, which is the main asset for business actors in this sector. Land registration is an important instrument in providing legal certainty for land ownership, which can ultimately encourage stable and sustainable agribusiness development. This article discusses the role of land registration in protecting ownership rights for agribusiness actors in Indonesia and analyzes the role of government policies, such as the Complete Systematic Land Registration Program (PTSL), in speeding up the land certification process. With legal certainty obtained through land certificates, agribusiness actors can avoid agrarian conflicts, gain access to financing, and run businesses more safely and in a planned manner. Apart from that, land registration policies also have the potential to support regional economic development, reduce agrarian conflicts, and encourage sustainable management of land resources. However, implementing this policy still faces challenges, including bureaucratic obstacles and low public understanding. Therefore, the government's role in improving policies and overcoming existing obstacles is very necessary to create an inclusive, competitive and sustainable agribusiness sector in Indonesia.  

In facing this situation, the important role of MSMEs in supporting Indonesia's economic growth remains relevant. Even though they have great potential to contribute to the country's economy, there are still many MSMEs that have not registered as tax collectors, so tax revenues in Indonesia have not reached their maximum potential. Apart from that, the phenomenon of tax non-compliance from MSMEs may increase with the existence of regulations governing increases in VAT rates. This research aims to examine the extent to which MSMEs will comply with tax obligations after the VAT rate increase, using qualitative methods with a content analysis approach. The data used in this research includes information about MSMEs obtained from the website of the Ministry of Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises, as well as data regarding the level of tax compliance of MSMEs obtained from the website of the Directorate General of Taxes.

School-aged children need adequate nutrients that support children's growth and development. Children can learn, play and develop optimally which is supported by nutritious and balanced food intake (Marfuah et al., 2022). School-aged or elementary school (SD) children are easily affected by malnutrition. Several factors that cause nutritional problems in school-aged children include parents' economic difficulties and low intake of nutritious food. Apart from that, parents' lack of awareness of the importance of nutrition, irregular eating patterns, and wrong eating habits also have negative effects related to nutrition (Rahmi, 2020). Apart from that, eating disorders such as anorexia or bulimia are related to social pressure, unhealthy body image and other emotional problems. Therefore, there is a need to increase awareness about the importance of healthy eating patterns, provide access to nutritious food, strengthen nutrition education in schools, and involve parents in supporting good eating habits at home, collaboration between parents, schools and communities as well. plays a role in supporting healthy eating patterns for children (Susanti et al., 2024).  The aim of this service activity is to increase students' knowledge about the importance of optimal nutritional intake in accordance with children's nutritional needs so that it can support optimal growth and development, producing an intelligent and accomplished generation, therefore it is necessary to carry out health promotion efforts in the form of providing education and evaluation to increasing knowledge about nutrition in school-aged children so as to create a healthy, superior and achieving generation.

Phonetics is a branch of linguistics that studies the sounds of language, including how these sounds are produced, transmitted and received by listeners. In Arabic, phonetics has an important role in understanding how to pronounce sounds correctly. Arabic has a distinctive sound system consisting of vowels, consonants and semivowels, which are produced through various makhraj (places where sounds come out) in the human speech apparatus. Vowel sounds are produced without air resistance, while consonants involve resistance to certain speech organs. Apart from that, Arabic also has letters which are divided into hams (without vibration of the vocal cords) and jahr (with vibration of the vocal cords). Arabic phonetics is very important for improving pronunciation and understanding the meaning of words or sentences, because differences in pronunciation can affect the intended meaning. Therefore, phonetics is an important basis for understanding and practicing Arabic correctly.

The purpose of this study is to find out and analyze the relevance of Bawaslu da'wah through symbolic communication used in calling for ASN neutrality in Lubuk Rumbai Village, Rupit District, North Musi Rawas Regency in the 2024 Musi Rawas Regency DPRD Legislative Election in North Musi Rawas Regency Dapil I and To find out the meaning and effectiveness of Bawaslu's symbolic communication in influencing the attitude and behavior of ASN related to neutrality in Lubuk Rumbai Village, Rupit District North Musi Rawas Regency in the Legislative Election of the North Musi Rawas Regency DPRD Dapil I in 2024. This research is a type of qualitative research.  Data collection techniques used were interviews, observations and documentation. The results of the Symbolic Communication Research used in calling for the neutrality of ASN in Lubuk Rumbai Village, Rupit District, North Musi Rawas Regency in the 2024 North Musi Rawas Regency DPRD Legislative Election, Dapil I in 2024, the Bawaslu of North Musi Rawas Regency is known so that it is a condition for the implementation of elections to run smoothly and honestly and fairly, so apart from the community,  ASN is also a concern of Bawaslu because it is known that as ASN must be able to maintain attitudes and actions in order to be neutral in the implementation of the election in North Musi Rawas Regency The form of symbolic communication carried out by Bawaslu is by installing billboards or banners containing calls for ASN to be neutral in the implementation of elections Implementation of democratic parties,  The effectiveness of Bawaslu's symbolic communication in influencing the attitude and behavior of ASN related to neutrality

This research aims to instill and strengthen the spirit of democracy and nationalism in every student. When they have the spirit of democracy and nationalism, their love for the nation and enthusiasm for fighting for this nation will be strong and great. One effort to instill a spirit of democracy and nationalism in the next generation is by learning Pancasila and citizenship education. The type of method used in this article is a literature review. The writing of this literature review adopts national articles published on various journal provider platforms on a national scale which discuss the importance of increasing democratic values ​​and nationalism in students through learning Pancasila and citizenship education. The results of the research show that increasing democratic values ​​and nationalism in students through learning Pancasila and citizenship education shows a positive direction. This means that students who have received Pancasila and citizenship education material have experienced a good improvement in their democratic attitudes and nationalist feelings. This learning is implemented in Indonesia with the aim of forming students into individuals who have strong character and are based on the values ​​of Pancasila, who have faith and devotion to God Almighty, have global diversity, mutual cooperation, independence, critical reasoning and creativity. Apart from that, through Pancasila and citizenship education we are present to provide in-depth understanding from teachers about the essence of Pancasila and the urgency of citizenship education.

This research aims at concrete efforts by PAI teachers in overcoming students' problems, especially in the religious field. This research uses qualitative methods and data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation at Rabbi Radhiyya IT Middle School. The results of this research are the application of counseling guidance in Islamic boarding school learning at Rabbi Radhiyya IT Middle School using exemplary methods, habituation, advice and female studies. Apart from that, the factor that supports PAI teachers in dealing with problem students is the existence of spiritual activities, while the inhibiting factor is the limited time that PAI teachers have in carrying out their duties to solve student problems.

This study starts from understanding the hadith regarding the recommendation to fast Ashura (9, 10, 11, every month of Muharram). This study looks at the history of the practice and implementation of the Ashura fast and finds out how the students and administrators in the KH Ahmad Dahlan Islamic Boarding School environment interpret the implementation of the Ashura fast. This research is descriptive in nature, namely systematically explaining the livelihood of hadith at the KH Ahmad Dahlan Kuantan Singingi Islamic Boarding School. The approach used in this research is a phenomenological approach. This research concludes that the first thing is to carry out the Ashura fasting tradition carried out by students of the KH Ahmad Dahlan Kuantan Singingi Islamic Boarding School which was founded in 1992. Before breaking the fast, the KH Ahmad Dahlan Kuantan Singingi Islamic Boarding School administrators held an iftar in the Nurul Ilmi mosque, followed by Maghrib prayers and Isha congregation. Second, the activity of fasting Ashura is a proof of love for the Prophet, namely by observing his Sunnah. Because the Sunnah is not only known, but practiced. Apart from that, it is also a way to increase solidarity between students.

This research aims to analyze the policies implemented by SPNF-SKB Medan City in providing non-formal education for the community. This institution plays an important role in providing equal access to education, skills training and socio-cultural development. This research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach involving interviews and field observations. The research results show that the programs held at SPNF-SKB Medan City, such as Packages A, B, and C, have contributed greatly to improving the education of people who do not have access to formal education. Apart from that, the skills training provided is able to improve people's abilities in the world of work and entrepreneurship. However, budget constraints are the main challenge in developing this educational service. This research suggests the need for further support from the government and collaboration with other institutions to overcome these barriers and expand the reach of non-formal education services.

The Impact of Giving Appreciation on Learning Motivation Giving appreciation is an effective way to increase student learning motivation. Appreciation can be in the form of praise, awards, or recognition for the efforts and achievements achieved. When students receive appreciation, they tend to feel valued, motivated to learn better, and confident in developing their potential. Appreciation also has a positive impact on the learning atmosphere. Students who feel appreciated usually show higher involvement in the learning process, have a positive attitude towards learning, and are more persistent in facing challenges. Apart from that, giving appreciation can strengthen the relationship between educators and students, creating an environment that is supportive and conducive to learning. However, it is important for educators to give appreciation proportionally and sincerely. Excessive or inappropriate appreciation for student efforts can actually reduce their effectiveness. Therefore, appreciation must be given by considering students' efforts, processes and achievements objectively. Overall, giving appropriate appreciation can be an important strategy in building sustainable learning motivation and supporting students' academic and personal development.

The development of information technology, especially digital media, has had a significant impact on various aspects of life, including education. In the context of Christian Religious Education (PAK) learning in Indonesia, digital media plays an important role in increasing students' understanding. The use of digital media in learning allows students to access richer and more varied sources of information, making it easier for them to understand Christian religious concepts in more depth. Apart from that, digital media can also be used to develop critical thinking skills and enrich students' learning experiences. This research aims to explore the role of digital media in increasing students' understanding of Christian Religious Education learning, as well as to identify the benefits and challenges faced in its implementation in Christian schools in Indonesia. By using a qualitative approach, this research provides insight into how digital media can be used effectively to support a Christian Religious Education learning process that is more interactive and relevant to current developments.

Educational psychology is a branch of psychology that focuses on understanding the learning process and the factors that influence educational success. This article aims to describe the strategic position of educational psychology in the context of the development of science and the modern education system, as well as the benefits of its application for educators, students and the educational environment. This research uses a literature review method by analyzing various relevant theories and previous research. The results of the study show that educational psychology has an important position as a bridge between learning theory and educational practice. Educational psychology helps identify students' learning styles, design effective teaching methods, and understand students' psychological needs. Apart from that, the application of educational psychology can increase learning motivation, overcome student behavior problems, and create a conducive learning environment. Thus, educational psychology not only contributes to the optimization of the teaching and learning process, but also to the holistic development of students' potential.