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 Dental and oral health is an essential part of overall bodily health. The high prevalence of caries and cavities in children is generally caused by a lack of tooth-brushing skills. Incorrect techniques and improper duration cause food residue to remain, which ultimately triggers the demineralization of the tooth enamel. This socialization activity aims to provide education on the importance of brushing teeth with correct and effective techniques for elementary school students. The activity was conducted at SDIT Al-Azhar Kediri City, using a practical and interactive simulation approach; starting with a PowerPoint presentation, followed by a demonstration of proper tooth-brushing techniques using teaching aids. There were 84 children involved in this activity, and the results showed that approximately 90% of the participants could correctly answer the questions provided. Consequently, this socialization activity successfully increased the participants' knowledge and understanding of maintaining dental and oral health

 Dental and oral health is an essential part of overall bodily health. The high prevalence of caries and cavities in children is generally caused by a lack of tooth-brushing skills. Incorrect techniques and improper duration cause food residue to remain, which ultimately triggers the demineralization of the tooth enamel. This socialization activity aims to provide education on the importance of brushing teeth with correct and effective techniques for elementary school students. The activity was conducted at SDIT Al-Azhar Kediri City, using a practical and interactive simulation approach; starting with a PowerPoint presentation, followed by a demonstration of proper tooth-brushing techniques using teaching aids. There were 84 children involved in this activity, and the results showed that approximately 90% of the participants could correctly answer the questions provided. Consequently, this socialization activity successfully increased the participants' knowledge and understanding of maintaining dental and oral health

This study aims to analyze the influence of the TikTok application on changes in the lifestyles of teenage girls in the digital age. TikTok, as one of the most popular social media platforms among the younger generation, plays an important role in shaping the way they think, behave, and interact socially. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach to describe the challenges faced in maintaining a positive lifestyle, as well as efforts to minimize its negative impacts. The results of the study show that TikTok has a dual impact: positively, this platform facilitates self-expression, creativity, and the development of interests; however, negatively, excessive use can trigger consumptive behavior, decreased self-confidence, and deviations from social and cultural values. Factors such as beauty trends, imitation of foreign cultures, and social pressure in the virtual world also influence the lifestyles of adolescent girls. To reduce these negative impacts, it is necessary to improve digital literacy, parental supervision, and education on social media ethics in schools. With a wise approach, TikTok can be used as a positive tool in building the character, creativity, and self-confidence of adolescent girls in the digital age.

This article explores the map of Christian education approaches from theological, pedagogical, psychological, and contextual perspectives. Christian education plays a vital role in shaping the faith, character, and spirituality of students in a comprehensive manner. Using a literature review method, the study analyzes various sources on Christian education theology. The findings reveal that the theological approach emphasizes the Bible as the primary foundation for learning, while the pedagogical approach focuses on active and participatory teaching methods. The psychological approach tailors instruction to the developmental stages of students, and the contextual approach links faith with students' real-life experiences. Each approach has its strengths and limitations, and Christian educators are encouraged to integrate these approaches to achieve holistic learning goals. The study emphasizes the importance of collaboration among schools, families, and churches to create an educational ecosystem that fosters the spiritual and character growth of students. By combining these approaches, educators can better equip students for both spiritual and personal development.

The implementation of smoking prohibition policies in Islamic boarding schools continues to depend largely on manual monitoring methods, which often face challenges related to consistency and supervision range. This study aims to design an Internet of Things (IoT)-based cigarette smoke detection system as an alternative monitoring approach that is more effective, measurable, and sustainable. The system design combines an MQ-2 gas sensor with a NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller programmed through the Arduino IDE platform. When smoke levels detected by the sensor exceed the predetermined limit, the system automatically triggers a buzzer and LED as warning indicators while simultaneously sending monitoring data to cloud-based platforms such as Firebase or ThingSpeak for real-time observation through web interfaces. The research outputs include a comprehensive system design consisting of system architecture, electronic circuit schematics, flowcharts, and pseudocode that are systematically arranged to support future prototype development and implementation. Through this design, the proposed system is expected to provide an initial technological solution that can enhance the effectiveness of monitoring and enforcing smoke-free regulations within Islamic boarding school environments.

This study aims to analyze the impact of bullying on adolescents’ mental health through a literature review. The method used is a literature review, which involves the collection and analysis of various relevant scientific articles published in the last five years.  Data were obtained from journals and related scientific works, then systematically analyzed to identify patterns of association between bullying and adolescents’ mental health. The results of the review indicate that the majority of studies reveal a negative impact of bullying on mental health, such as the emergence of anxiety, depression, stress, low self-esteem, and difficulties in social interaction. However, some studies found that this relationship was not statistically significant, suggesting the role of other factors, such as social support, family circumstances, and an individual’s ability to cope with stress. In addition to affecting victims, bullying also impacts perpetrators and bystanders, making it a complex phenomenon. Therefore, comprehensive prevention and intervention efforts are needed through collaboration between schools, families, and the community.

This study aims to analyze the role of mindful leadership in preventing teacher burnout while fostering a healthy work culture in educational institutions. The method employed is a qualitative literature review with thematic synthesis of 31 recent scholarly articles published between 2022 and 2026, focusing on mindful leadership, teacher burnout, and educational organizational culture. The analysis reveals that mindful leadership not only emphasizes leader self-awarenessbut also includes emotion regulation, empathy, and quality social interactions within educational organizations. Mindfulness-based leadership practices are effective in enhancing teachers’ self- efficacy, psychological well-being, and creating supportive work environments. Furthermore, mindful leadership contributes to developing a healthy work culture by strengthening collaboration, communication, and trust values within schools. This literature synthesis provides significant contributions for academics in under standing the interplay between mindful leadership, teacher burnout, and work culture, while offering practical guidance for school principals in designing holistic and preventive leadership strategies. The study underscores the need forfurther empirical research to examine the effectiveness of mindful leadership across diverse educational contexts.

The use of social media can have both positive and negative impacts on children. Proper use can enhance insight, knowledge, and increase learning motivation. However, excessive use can disrupt study time, reduce awareness of the importance of learning, and result in low learning motivation. To determine the relationship between the duration of social media use and the learning motivation of school-aged children at SDN Gisikdrono 03, Semarang City. This study uses a quantitative method with probability sampling technique, specifically stratified random sampling. The sample in this study consisted of 122 respondents. The instrument in the study used a questionnaire on the duration of social media use and learning motivation. Data analysis used the Spearman rank test. There is a relationship between the duration of social media use and the learning motivation of school-aged children at SDN Gisikdrono 03 Semarang City, with a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05, leading to the rejection of H0 and acceptance of Ha, with a correlation value of -0.636, which falls into the strong category with a negative duration, indicating an inverse relationship. This means that the longer the duration of social media use, the lower the learning motivation. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the duration of social media use and learning motivation, where the longer the duration of social media use, the lower the learning motivation.

Thalassemia is a chronic genetic disease that requires long-term treatment and affects children's quality of life physically, psychologically, socially, and academically due to chronic anemia and regular blood transfusion needs. This study aimed to determine factors influencing the quality of life of children with thalassemia at Rumah Sakit Anak dan Bunda Harapan Kita. A descriptive design with a cross sectional approach was used, involving 41 respondents through total sampling. Data were collected using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scale) and respondent characteristics including age, gender, socioeconomic status, parental education, and frequency of blood transfusions. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi-Square test. The results showed most respondents were under ten years old, female, from families with socioeconomic status below the minimum wage, had parents with high school or higher education, and received blood transfusions every three weeks. Bivariate analysis indicated only the frequency of blood transfusions was significantly associated with quality of life, while other variables were not. Thus, transfusion frequency is the main factor influencing quality of life in children with thalassemia.

This study describes the availability and utilization of Central Kalimantan folklore books in elementary school learning in Kahayan Tengah District, Pulang Pisau Regency. Folklore has potential as a contextual learning medium that strengthens students' character and cultural literacy. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach with observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation in three randomly selected elementary schools: SDN Tuwung 1, SDN Tuwung 2, and SDN Bukit Rawi 1. The findings reveal that the availability of Central Kalimantan folklore books is uneven. SDN Tuwung 1 possesses several bilingual books from the Central Kalimantan Language Center. SDN Bukit Rawi 1 has only two anthology titles in fairly good physical condition. SDN Tuwung 2 has only one local folklore book. The utilization of folklore books in learning remains incidental and has not been systematically integrated into the curriculum. The most frequently used methods are read-aloud and oral storytelling. Follow-up activities such as rewriting or dramatization are rarely conducted. The main challenges include limited book collections, lack of curriculum integration, and minimal teacher training. Nevertheless, students' enthusiasm for folklore is considerably high, indicating significant opportunities to develop literacy programs based on Central Kalimantan folklore. This study recommends more equitable book collection provision, integration of folklore into learning modules, and teacher training to innovatively utilize folklore in the learning process.

This study aims to analyze fifth-grade students’ understanding of the water cycle concept at SD Muhammadiyah Sidayu using animated video assistance, as well as to describe supporting and inhibiting factors, identify obstacles faced by teachers and students, explain teachers’ efforts, and examine students’ responses in science learning. The research used a descriptive qualitative method with 23 fifth-grade students as participants. Data were collected through tests, questionnaires, interviews, and observations, and analyzed using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Data validity was ensured through triangulation of technique, source, and time. The results indicate that students’ understanding of the water cycle concept is categorized as moderate, with an average score of 69.43. Students are able to explain the definition and stages of the water cycle through images, classify events based on similarities in processes, and distinguish between evaporation and condensation. However, they still face difficulties in explaining the relationships between processes and in providing real-life examples related to the water cycle. Supporting factors include students’ interest and learning motivation, while inhibiting factors involve differences in comprehension abilities and students’ health conditions. Teachers face obstacles such as limited audio-visual facilities, shared LCD usage, and challenges in selecting appropriate animated videos. To overcome these issues, teachers use simple explanations, emphasize key points, replay videos, provide individual guidance, and assign diagram-based projects. Students’ responses are very positive, as animated videos increase their interest, attention, motivation, and conceptual understanding.

Social media has become a primary means of communication for adolescents in the digital era, yet excessive use can create complex impacts on their academic, social, and psychological well-being. The positive effects include expanding cross-regional friendships, improving communication skills, strengthening social relationships, and increasing learning motivation through peer interaction and support. Conversely, the negative effects include declining academic performance due to reduced focus, neglect of responsibilities, weakened language skills caused by the dominance of informal language, a higher risk of digital crimes such as fraud and identity theft, as well as mental-health issues including anxiety, depression, social-comparison pressure, and cyberbullying. To minimize these risks, preventive efforts are needed, such as enhancing digital literacy for both adolescents and parents, promoting ethical and safe online behavior, regulating screen time, strengthening parental guidance, implementing digital-wellness policies in schools, providing counseling services, developing more youth-friendly platforms, and enforcing government regulations on online safety. This study emphasizes that the wise, safe, and productive use of social media can only be achieved through collaborative efforts involving adolescents, families, schools, communities, platform providers, and the government.

Anemia is a common nutritional problem among adolescent girls and can affect health, learning ability, and the quality of future generations. Hemoglobin (Hb) levels can be influenced by dietary intake, such as folic acid and vitamin C, as well as consumption behaviors, including tea drinking habits and adherence to iron supplementation (TTD). This study aimed to examine the relationship between folic acid intake, vitamin C intake, tea drinking habits, and adherence to TTD consumption with hemoglobin levels among adolescent girls in senior high schools in Tuban District. This study used a cross-sectional design with a sample of 325 respondents selected through probability sampling. Data on folic acid and vitamin C intake were obtained using a 24-hour dietary recall method, while tea drinking habits and adherence to TTD consumption were collected through questionnaires. Hemoglobin levels were measured directly using a hemoglobin testing device. Data analysis was performed using the Spearman correlation test. The results showed significant relationships between folic acid intake and hemoglobin levels, vitamin C intake and hemoglobin levels, adherence to iron supplementation and hemoglobin levels, and tea drinking habits and hemoglobin levels, with a negative direction of association. This study concludes that folic acid intake, vitamin C intake, tea drinking habits, and adherence to TTD consumption influence hemoglobin levels in adolescent girls. Efforts to prevent anemia should focus on improving dietary patterns, proper use of iron supplementation, and regulating tea drinking habits.

In today’s world, social media has become an everyday necessity for interacting and socializing with others, but it has both positive and negative effects, particularly on the younger generation. The roles of parents and educators are crucial in building the digital resilience of the younger generation. The solution is to provide early education to the younger generation, particularly new students for the 2025/2026 school year, during the School Orientation Program conducted by the UKMC Community Service Team. The purpose of this activity is to educate new students at SMK Xaverius Palembang to improve their understanding of digital literacy and online etiquette and to use social media more responsibly. The PkM Team served as guest speakers, presenting material on digital literacy and social media ethics, as well as real-life case studies, on Thursday, July 17, 2025, in the auditorium of SMK Xaverius Palembang. This activity is a community service initiative that uses interactive educational methods, in which the team presents five questions related to online gambling, fake news, cyberbullying, explicit content, and ending human trafficking in the form of digital posters, and the students explain them. The team also provided real-life examples and explained their causes and effects. Based on the results of the program, students demonstrated increased awareness of the risks associated with online gambling, fake news, cyberbullying, and explicit content, as well as the importance of combating human trafficking, and were more likely to adopt positive social media etiquette.

The digestive system is one of the most abstract and complex topics in high school biology because it involves physiological processes that occur inside the body and cannot be observed directly. This situation calls for the use of instructional media that can help students understand concepts in a more concrete, systematic, and engaging way. This study aims to analyze the effect of interactive multimedia on student learning outcomes regarding the digestive system and to identify the most effective type of multimedia. This study employs a meta-analysis method using secondary data from 20 relevant scientific articles published between 2021 and 2026. Data were collected through a literature review and systematic review, then analyzed using effect size calculations with Cohen’s and Hedges’ g formulas to determine the effectiveness level of each medium. The results indicate that the use of interactive multimedia generally has a positive effect on student learning outcomes, with most media falling into the high to very high effect size category. Interactive multimedia based on Articulate Storyline was the most effective medium with the highest effect size value of 2.730, followed by Augmented Reality-based E-Magazine at 2.634. These findings indicate that interactive multimedia is effective in facilitating the visualization of concepts and increasing student engagement.  

Understanding mathematical concepts is a fundamental ability that elementary school students must possess, particularly in multiplication, which serves as a foundation for learning more advanced mathematical topics. Based on the conditions observed in the fourth-grade class at UPT SDN 185 Gresik, there are still students who do not fully understand the concept of multiplication, as the learning process tends to emphasize memorization rather than conceptual understanding. In addition, differences in learning styles and gender are suspected to influence students’ conceptual understanding abilities. Therefore, this study aims to describe the conceptual understanding of fourth-grade students in multiplication, viewed from their learning styles and gender.This study employs a descriptive qualitative research method, with six fourth-grade students of UPT SDN 185 Gresik as the research subjects. Data were collected through learning style questionnaires, concept understanding tests and questionnaires, and interviews. Data analysis was conducted through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing, based on indicators of conceptual understanding. Data validity was ensured using triangulation of techniques, sources, and time. The results of the study indicate that auditory learners tend to have better conceptual understanding compared to visual and kinesthetic learners, and female students outperform male students. Based on these findings, teachers need to implement differentiated instruction tailored to students’ learning styles: using diagrams, images, and colored multiplication tables for visual learners; applying discussions, question-and-answer sessions, and repeated verbal explanations for auditory learners; and utilizing concrete teaching aids along with hands-on activities for kinesthetic learners to optimize conceptual understanding.

The development of fine motor skills in elementary school-aged children is crucial for academic achievement and daily activities. However, some children still experience delays in fine motor skills due to lack of stimulation, a lack of varied teaching methods, and the impact of technology use and learning after the pandemic. This study aims to improve fine motor skills in elementary school children through Educational Activities Using LEGO Bricks. The method used is a play-based learning approach integrated into thematic learning. The activities were conducted in several structured sessions, including an introduction, core activities, and reflection and evaluation. Participants were elementary school students who actively participated in LEGO assembly activities both individually and in groups. The results showed improvements in fine motor skills, evident in improvements in hand-eye coordination, accuracy, concentration, and manipulative abilities. Students also demonstrated great enthusiasm and progress in creativity when creating various types of works. The discussion indicates that playing with LEGO is beneficial for training small muscles in the hands through pinching, pressing, and arranging activities, as well as supporting cognitive development and a passion for learning. In other words, the LEGO Brick Educational Play Movement has proven to be an innovative and fun learning medium, as well as effective in developing the fine motor skills of elementary school students.

Anxiety disorders are common mental health problems among adolescents, particularly high school students who face academic demands, social pressure, and emotional changes. Family support, sleep quality, and academic stress are considered factors related to students’ anxiety levels. This study aimed to examine the relationship between family support, sleep quality, academic stress, and anxiety disorders among students of SMAN 1 Sumbawa Besar. An analytical study with a cross-sectional design was conducted involving 114 students selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected using the Perceived Social Support–Family (PSS-Fa), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Educational Stress Scale for Adolescence (ESSA), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-42). Bivariate analysis was performed using the chi-square test, while multivariate analysis employed binary logistic regression. Bivariate results indicated significant associations between family support, sleep quality, academic stress, and anxiety disorders (p < 0.05). However, multivariate analysis revealed that only family support and sleep quality were significantly associated with anxiety disorders, while academic stress was not significant after controlling for other variables. These findings suggest that anxiety prevention efforts should prioritize strengthening family support and improving sleep quality, alongside academic stress management within the school environment.

According to the International Agency for Cancer Registry (IACR), breast cancer is the most common cancer among women after lung cancer, and continues to be frequently diagnosed worldwide. In 2022, more than 2.32 million new cases of breast cancer were reported globally, while Indonesia recorded 65,858 cases (16.6% of all cancers). Therefore, adolescent girls need to have adequate knowledge and a positive attitude toward breast self-examination (BSE/SADARI) as part of reproductive health awareness and preventive efforts. This study aims to examine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes regarding SADARI among 10th-grade female students at MAN (State Islamic Senior High School) 3 Sleman. This study employed a quantitative correlational approach with a cross-sectional design, involving a sample of 66 respondents. Data were collected using a questionnaire containing questions related to BSE. The Spearman Rank test showed a p-value of 0.606, which is greater than 0.05 (p > 0.05). This indicates that there is no significant relationship between the level of knowledge and attitudes toward BSE among 10th-grade female students at MAN 3 Sleman. In addition, the correlation coefficient (r) was 0.065, indicating a very weak relationship between knowledge and attitudes. There is no significant relationship between knowledge and attitudes regarding BSE among 10th-grade female students at MAN 3 Sleman. Schools and healthcare providers are encouraged to enhance structured and continuous BSE education and incorporate educational media during health counseling to foster positive attitudes.

This study aims to analyze the relationship between caffeine consumption and sleep duration on VO₂Max levels among soccer school (SSB) students in Surabaya. VO₂Max is a key indicator of cardiorespiratory fitness and athletic performance. This research employed a quantitative cross-sectional design with an analytical observational approach. A total of 162 SSB students were included as research participants from several soccer schools in Surabaya. Data were collected using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) to assess caffeine intake and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to evaluate sleep duration, and were analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The results revealed a significant relationship between caffeine consumption and sleep duration with VO₂Max (p<0.001). Students with higher caffeine consumption (≥3.5) and adequate sleep duration (≥7 hours) tended to have better VO₂Max values compared to those with lower caffeine intake and insufficient sleep. These findings indicate that appropriate caffeine consumption and adequate sleep duration play an important role in improving cardiorespiratory fitness. Therefore, proper education on healthy lifestyle habits is essential to optimize the performance of young athletes.