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The aim of this research is to determine the equality of men and women in the context of receiving salvation based on Galatians 3:26-29 with relevance for today's church. The research method in writing this scientific work is a qualitative method, namely a descriptive approach. This method is used by the author to find useful materials in accordance with the research objectives. In this research, equality between men and women will be explored in the context of receiving salvation and its relevance for the church today. The result of the exegesis of Galatians 3:26-29 is how humans view the equality of men and women in the context of receiving salvation and its relevance for the church today. As is known, Christians always emphasize that humans, both men and women, have equality in receiving salvation through His Gospel or His Word, namely the Faith and Trust of His people. In this case, it also really depends on the theological interpretation of each church sect, because some sects may emphasize a personal relationship with God as the main way to receive salvation, while there are several church sects that emphasize the role of the church as a community of faith that facilitates spiritual growth and receiving the gift of salvation. Salvation (grace) from God is universal (general). God's action in Jesus Christ has effectively eliminated differences according to Gal. 3:26-29. The good news of salvation is that there is no longer such a thing as a select group, those who hope to receive the benefits of Jesus' Messiahship should be part of every believing people. Salvation in the context of Galatians 3 is through God's promises to His people who believe. Apart from that, the concept of salvation is a primary doctrine that becomes a dogmatic guide for God's church. The church must also see and emulate the equality of men and women in the context of receiving salvation. God emphasizes that all mankind should not do things that God does not want. He hopes that those who come with Him are those who truly believe in their faith. Salvation is given to humans as a form of His goodness to His people who believe through Faith and Actions that are always loyal to Him. Salvation is Grace, meaning that there is only one way to obtain salvation, namely through Jesus Christ. He said, “I am the way and the truth and the life. No one comes to the Father except through Me.” And if you belong to Christ, then you are also Abraham's descendants and have the right to receive God's promises (Gal. 3:29).    

This research was conducted to find out the perspective of IAKN Tarutung Theology Study Program students regarding tithing through observation and the results of interview discussions with the aim of finding out what IAKN Tarutung Theology Study Program students view regarding the practice of tithing in the church from their perspective. This research uses qualitative methods with descriptive analysis and the data source for this research is obtained by observing and conducting interviews with informants. The results of this research state that students of the Lutheran sect (GKPPD, GKPA, HKBP), this denomination have a variety of views regarding tithing, with several churches implementing it, namely: GKPPD and GKPA. and those who don't are HKBP, but all emphasize the importance of tithing as an expression of gratitude for God's commands as written in the Bible. The regulations do not require students to pay tithing, but for those who already have an income, the denomination's dogma applies tithing. Calvinist students have varying perspectives on the practice of tithing, consisting of: GKI, GBKP, GKSBS. Calvinists view that the practice of tithing is not an absolute obligation, but rather a choice in response to God's grace. They prioritize the understanding that tithing is a form of perfection in responding to God's grace, not a rule based on percentages. Meanwhile, Pentecostal students (GBI, GBIS, GPDI) state that tithing is an essential part of spiritual obedience to God. In this sect, tithing is considered a sacred act that sets aside a portion of the blessings received to be offered to God. The offering is one tenth of all the blessings. Uniquely, the GBI and GBIS denominations require mandatory tithing practices for students. Meanwhile, the GPDI denomination does not require students to tithe. Tithing is only required for members of the congregation who have a fixed income.    

The purpose of this research is to 1) find out whether there is a relationship between the Spirituality of PAK Teachers and the Christian Character Formation of Teb State Middle School Students, 2) find out whether there is a relationship between Bible Study and the Christian Character Formation of Tebo State Middle School Students, 3) to find out whether there is a relationship between the Spirituality of PAK Teachers and Bible Study on the Formation of the Christian Character of Shiva SMP N Tebo. The research hypothesis is: "There is a significant relationship between PAK Teacher Spirituality and Bible Study on the Formation of Christian Character of N Tebo Middle School Students." The population is students of class VIII and IX of SMP N 3 Tebo, SMP N 30 Tebo, SMP N 31 Tebo totaling 290 people who are Christians. The research sample was determined using a purposive sampling technique, namely 36 students from class VIII and IX of SMP N Tebo as an experimental class using Religious Education and Bible Study Teacher Spirituality and 36 students from class XI MIPA 3 as a control class using normal treatment (conventional class). The instrument used in this research was a 50-item questionnaire. Research data for the questionnaire was analyzed using the average difference test formula (N-Gain Score). It was found that the average value for the experimental class was 82.4369 in the effective category. And the average value for the control class is 22.9433, which is in the ineffective category. Then carrying out an independent test using the t test obtained a value of t = 20.376> t table (α = 0.05; df = 70) = 2,000. Thus, it can be concluded that the research hypothesis is accepted, namely that there is a relationship between the Spirituality of Religious Education Teachers and Bible Study on the Formation of Christian Character in N Tebo Middle School Students, and H0 is rejected.    

In today's dynamic and uncertain business environment, organizational resilience is imperative for survival and sustained success. This research investigates how crisis management strategies contribute to enhancing organizational resilience. Utilizing a case study approach, we examine real-world instances where organizations effectively navigated crises to emerge stronger. Through qualitative analysis of diverse industries, we identify commonalities and best practices in crisis response and recovery. Findings underscore the significance of proactive planning, robust communication channels, adaptive leadership, and resource allocation in bolstering resilience. Moreover, the study sheds light on the role of organizational culture in fostering resilience amidst adversity. Insights gleaned from this research provide practical implications for leaders and managers seeking to fortify their organizations against unforeseen disruptions, ultimately contributing to the advancement of organizational resilience theory and practice.  

This scoping review examines the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on Supply Chain Management (SCM) performance. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature, this study aims to elucidate the role of AI in enhancing SCM efficiency and effectiveness. Methodologically, a systematic search of scholarly databases was conducted, yielding a collection of relevant articles. Findings reveal a significant influence of AI on various aspects of SCM, including demand forecasting, inventory management, and logistics optimization. Moreover, AI-driven solutions demonstrate promising potential in mitigating supply chain disruptions and enhancing responsiveness to market dynamics. This review contributes to a deeper understanding of the transformative potential of AI in SCM, highlighting avenues for future research and practical implications for industry stakeholders.

This qualitative study delves into the pivotal role of emotional intelligence (EI) in enhancing leadership effectiveness. Through in-depth interviews and thematic analysis, the research investigates how leaders' emotional intelligence influences their ability to navigate complex interpersonal dynamics, inspire teams, and drive organizational success. Findings underscore the significance of EI competencies such as self-awareness, empathy, and relationship management in shaping leaders' decision-making processes and fostering a positive work environment. Moreover, the study reveals the nuanced ways in which emotionally intelligent leaders adapt their communication styles and cultivate trust and collaboration within their teams. By illuminating the intricate interplay between emotional intelligence and leadership effectiveness, this research offers valuable insights for organizations seeking to develop and nurture emotionally intelligent leaders capable of meeting the demands of today's dynamic workplace environments.

Parable of Jesus and Matthew 20:1-16 In this parable, Jesus welcomes the first kingdom as the employer of much of the last work and a number of trainings. This shows that God's grace is not limited and does not depend on human effort or achievement, but on his generosity. In the context of Christianity This modern view is the importance of grace, loyalty and justice in society. God's grace shows that every person, whatever their background and origin, has the same value in His eyes. Therefore, Christians are called to practice kindness and social justice in their daily lives, providing care and support to those who require carelessness from the circumstances or conditions they have achieved but this view also challenges the attitudes and feelings of superiority that can arise among Christiansı the teachings of Jesus emphasize that the Kingdom of heaven does not depend on human concepts of justice but on God's mercy that goes beyond the limits of human ability. This is why Christians abandon their selfish attitudes and develop a broader development of God's liberating love because of religious understanding. Modern Christians based on Matthew 20:1-16 emphasize the importance of grace, faithfulness and justice in society while they recognize the habit of seeking egoism and develop a broader understanding of God's infinite love   

Repentance is needed because humans realize that they are sinners. Sinful people must be saved through repentance, without repentance sinful humans cannot be saved. Thus repentance has a strong connection with the salvation of believers. Salvation in the concept of the Old Testament people was to turn around and live in God's law. If they repent and obey, they will be saved, that is, they will be blessed with physical blessings such as victory over war, successful harvests, and being able to perform worship. On the other hand, if they do not repent of their sins, they will be condemned or cursed by God. This understanding of repentance and salvation has been adopted by adherents of prosperity theology. They say that Christians who have had their sins forgiven through repentance will be saved and live abundantly with physical blessings, success and prosperity. For the New Testament people, the goal of repentance and salvation is to achieve physical blessings like the Old Testament people or adherents of prosperity theology. This research tries to research and find the correct understanding of repentance and salvation which has implications for the responsibility of believers to maintain the holiness of their lives every day because humans are the holy image of God on this earth. The aim of this research is to find the true understanding of repentance and salvation in Christianity which has implications for the responsibility of Christians to live without falling into sin again or to live in the morality of God's holy holiness. The research in this paper uses a qualitative approach with the technique of writing a literature review or literature study. The research results show that the understanding of repentance and salvation to achieve the image of God who is in the image and likeness of God has implications for the responsibility of the congregation to achieve the morality of holiness like God. This research also shows that repentance is the renewal of the mind until it has thoughts and feelings like Christ. This research also found that the notion of repentance and salvation only by God's grace alone on the basis of damage to God's image in humans based on God's absolute sovereignty has no implications for the believer's responsibility to strive to live without sin or without blemish. Repentance is completely a gift where humans cannot exercise their free will to choose so that believers are not required to take a proportional responsibility to change their character based on individual decisions in order to live a holy life. Repentance in Christianity is no longer focused on physical blessings but on the restoration of God's image with the responsibility of the believer's holy life

This article addresses the pastoral problem of congregants who experience persistent feelings of worthlessness, a condition that often appears at the intersection of shame, fragile self-worth, social isolation, and distorted religious interpretation. The objective is to construct a Christian pastoral counseling framework that is biblically grounded, psychologically informed, and ecclesially accountable. This study uses a qualitative constructive literature design through critical synthesis of recent journal articles and classical pastoral counseling. The analysis identifies four main findings. First, worthlessness should not be reduced to moral weakness or lack of faith because it involves psychological, relational, and spiritual dynamics. Second, churches may either intensify shame through stigma and spiritual reductionism or become restorative communities through hospitality, lament, and safe accompaniment. Third, pastoral counseling requires a movement from empathic assessment, validation, and narrative clarification toward theological reframing of identity in Christ. Fourth, responsible pastoral care includes collaboration with mental health professionals when risk, trauma, or clinical symptoms exceed pastoral competence. The implication is a constructive model in which pastoral counseling helps congregants reinterpret self-worth through grace, embodied community, and disciplined referral rather than through advice-giving or doctrinal correction alone.

This research aims to analyze the influence of professional teacher organizations on the development of teacher professionalism in junior high schools. Teachers as professionals need a platform to improve their competence and develop themselves on an ongoing basis. Teacher professional organizations play an important role in facilitating teacher professionalism development activities. This research uses a library method by collecting and reviewing various literature sources such as books, journals, research reports and scientific articles that are relevant to the research topic. The collected data was then analyzed qualitatively to determine the influence of professional teacher organizations on the development of teacher professionalism. The research results show that professional teacher organizations make a significant contribution in improving teachers' pedagogical, personal, social and professional competencies through various activities such as training, seminars, scientific discussion forums, as well as providing the latest learning resources and information.

This study aims to review the use of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in strategic decision evaluation, with a focus on consistency and bias in business decision making. Through a qualitative literature review approach, this study analyzes various studies that examine how AI technology, such as the GPT model, can improve decision quality by providing more objective and consistent data analysis. Although it has great potential in reducing human bias, this study also shows the risk of algorithmic and data bias that can affect decision outcomes. Therefore, the use of AI in decision making must be accompanied by strict human supervision to ensure the quality and fairness of the resulting decisions. The results of this study provide an important contribution to the understanding of the challenges and opportunities of AI in strategic decision making in the business world.

This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. The journal was alerted to issues within this article, including significant overlap in content, methodology, and visual materials with another previously published article: "Social Engineering Attack Classifications on Social Media Using Deep Learning" (DOI: 10.32604/cmc.2023.032373) published in Computers, Materials & Continua in 2023. Upon thorough investigation, it was found that the article substantially reproduces ideas, methodologies, and figures from the original work without proper attribution, violating the ethical standards of the journal and academic publishing. The authors were contacted and asked to provide an explanation for these concerns. The corresponding author acknowledged the oversight and accepted responsibility for the duplication. Consequently, the authors formally requested the withdrawal of the paper. As per journal policy, the Editor-in-Chief has decided to retract the article due to a breach of publication ethics. The journal sincerely regrets that these issues were not detected during the manuscript screening and review process and apologizes to the authors of the original article, as well as to the readers of the journal. For more information on the journal’s ethical policies, please visit: Retraction Policy.

This research aims to explore theological views on apostasy in the context of Christianity. Apostasy is defined as an act of rejection of one's faith and religious teachings, with a focus on serious spiritual consequences. The main source of insight is the Bible, which provides strong warnings against apostasy, highlighting specific passages such as Hebrews 6:4-6. This verse reflects the theological view that for those who consciously abandon the Christian faith, repentance may no longer be possible. This view reflects the serious spiritual consequences that can separate an individual from the presence of God. Although the Bible provides a strong warning against apostasy, the theological perspective also highlights God's grace and forgiveness. The Bible shows that repentance is always open to those who sincerely desire to return to God. In Luke 15:7, Jesus emphasizes the joy in heaven over one sinner who repents, providing hope that despite the seriousness of the apostasy, God always provides a way for repentance and restoration of a spiritual relationship with Him. Overall, the theological view of apostasy reflects a balance between stern warnings about the spiritual consequences and God's gracious mercy that is always open to those who return to Him.

This qualitative literature review explores how strategic openness reshapes corporate restructuring practices, particularly in contexts of financial distress and institutional change. Drawing on recent empirical and conceptual studies, the review synthesizes findings from over 60 peer-reviewed sources to examine the impact of transparency, stakeholder engagement, and participatory strategy-making on organizational turnaround. The study reveals that openness fosters reflexive capabilities, enhances legitimacy, and enables adaptive strategic responses to crisis. However, it also uncovers tensions such as coordination complexity and the paradox of urgency versus inclusivity. The findings contribute to a broader understanding of open strategy as a viable governance mechanism in restructuring regimes and offer policy insights for integrating participatory principles into corporate recovery frameworks. This review emphasizes the importance of openness as a strategic capability that can facilitate resilient and sustainable organizational renewal in turbulent environments

This study is a qualitative literature review aimed at exploring the challenges and opportunities of integrating generative artificial intelligence (GAI) in human resource management (HRM) practices. GAI, as an advanced technology, holds significant potential to enhance operational efficiency in HRM through the automation of administrative tasks, improved accuracy in performance evaluations, and the development of more interactive and adaptive employee training. However, its implementation also faces several challenges, including employee resistance to change and the unpreparedness of technological infrastructure. Furthermore, ethical issues such as algorithmic bias in recruitment processes are a major concern, potentially exacerbating inequities if not properly monitored. This research identifies that the success of integrating GAI into HRM depends on the organization’s readiness to address technological and ethical challenges, as well as the importance of careful planning. The findings provide valuable insights for organizations in designing effective strategies for GAI integration to improve performance and organizational dynamics while addressing potential risks.

This study aims to analyze the impact of equity volatility and leverage on investment risk, focusing on the relationship between debt overhang and equity option value. Through a qualitative literature review, this research reveals that equity volatility plays a role in reducing companies' incentives to invest, especially amid market uncertainty. Meanwhile, high leverage can worsen a company's inability to invest due to the heavy debt burden. The phenomenon of debt overhang causes companies to be reluctant to invest because the benefits generated from such investments are primarily enjoyed by creditors. This study provides valuable insights into the interaction between equity volatility, leverage, and debt overhang in corporate investment decision-making, as well as the importance of effective financial risk management.

The laws regulated by Allah in the Qur'an, basically have the aim of realizing and protecting human benefit, both individually and collectively. The Qur'an presents various forms of jinayat, and one of them is jinayat hudud. Shaykhul Islam Ibn Taymiyah Rahimahullah stated that hudud punishment comes from Allah's grace for the welfare of His creatures. The research method used is Library Research. Library Research (Library Research) is research in which data collection is carried out by collecting data from various literature. Etymologically, hudud is defined as a separation or barrier that cannot be crossed because of certain offenses that have punishment. Terminologically, hudud is defined as Allah's prohibition which commands humans to observe it and not approach it. This includes orders to abstain from certain acts that have been regulated and have predetermined penalties. Various Types of Violations of Hudud: Fiqhi scholars understand hudud in a limited and specific sense, which includes categorization of offenses such as adultery, accusation of adultery, theft, vandalism, rebellion, apostasy, and alcohol drinking. Hudud for each of these violations has a predetermined penalty.    

This article is an interpretive study of the Istikharah prayer taught by the Prophet Muhammad SAW as mentioned in several hadith histories. Through the content analysis method, the author tries to examine the meaning of prayer using descriptive analysis methods. From this analysis, information was obtained that there must be a change in understanding of the concept of Istikharah which is often understood as a form of "asking" Allah what the best option is. The change in question – which does not evaluate current understanding – is to understand that Istikharah is the process of activating tawakal. It contains istikhār, istiqdār and istifdāl. Istikhār is a request to choose the best based on Allah's knowledge, starting from the awareness that He is All-Knowing while we do not know. Istiqdār is a request for the best destiny based on Allah's power, because He is Almighty while we are helpless. Istifdāl is a request for great grace. The next process is taukil al-amr (presentation of work) to Allah. If it is good, then it is delicious, easy to do and a blessing. If it's bad, turn away, look towards something better and be happy with His fate. This understanding will lead us to the conclusion that the best attitude of Istikharah is hūsn al-zānn (good prejudice) towards God and satisfaction with His destiny.

Culture is a result of human creativity, taste, intention which is passed down from generation to generation. Culture is not just dance, clothing, houses, customs, or songs, but culture is a complex system which is full of physical and spiritual values ​​that strengthen the soul. A strong soul will not be easily swayed by any attack. A strong soul will be able to live by combining the progress of the times with noble values. Using qualitative methods such as literature studies, here we will discuss culture and globalization. This aims to ensure that each of us can be more inspired by God's grace towards all of us, in which God has made us part of the great, noble, civilized Indonesian nation to become leaders on earth.

One of the causes of delays in the publication of financial reports is the process of completing audits by accountants which takes quite a long time, which is called audit delay. Company size is one of several elements that can influence audit delay. The purpose of this study is to investigate how firm size affects audit delay. Using secondary data from the websites www.idx.co.id and the official websites of the companies, the research method used is descriptive statistical analysis, classical assumption test, normality test, multicollinearity test, autocorrelation test, heteroscedasticity test, multiple regression analysis, determination coefficient test, significant F model test, and the significance test of independent variables (T-test). Purposive sampling was utilized to determine the sample size, which came out to be 207 in the non-cyclical consumer business sector company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2020–2022 period. The study's findings show that the audit delay is significantly impacted negatively by the company's size. The implication is that there is a significant influence of company size on audit delay.