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This research aims to, (1) To analyze students’ skills in writing drama texts using the Character Learning Project strategy for class XI students at Prama Artha Bandar Huluan Private Vocational School. (2) To analyze students’ skills in writing drama texts without using the Character Learning Project strategy for class XI students at Prama Artha Bandar Huluan Private Vocational School. (3) To analyze the influence of the Character Learning Project strategy on the drama text writing skills of Prama Artha Bandar Huluan Private Vocational School class students. The population in this study were class , and writing linguistic rules for drama texts. The method used in this research is a two group posttest design. Data analysis techniques use analysis prerequisite tests, normality tests, and hypothesis tests. The research results in the control class obtained an average of 71.58 and were included in the sufficient category. Meanwhile, the research results used the Character Learning Project strategy 82.19 and were included in the very good category. Through hypothesis testing, namely 2.02 7.57, it can be concluded that there is a significant influence from the use of the Character Learning Project strategy on the Drama Text Writing Skills of Class XI Students of Prama Artha Bandar Huluan Private Vocational School.

This research investigates wheter integrating the demonstration method with a TPACK (Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge) approach in classroom learning can improve students ability to write procedure texts. A quasi experimental pre-test post-test control group design was employed to examine this effect. The target population for this study included all fourth grade students at SDN Kedaung Wetan 2. A sample of 40 students was selected, with 20 students from class 4A assigned to the control gorup and 20 students from class 4B assigned to the experimental group. The instrument used in this study was a written test. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS 27 program. Both the Paired Sample T-Test (Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.001) and the Independent Samples T-Test (Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.075) yielded statistically significant results (p = 0.05), indicating that the null hypothesis (Ho) can be rejected in favor of the alternative hypothesis (Ha). This suggest a significant difference between the learning outcomes of students receiving traditional instruction. Furthermore, the N-Gain Score analysis revealed an average improvement of 56% in the learning outcomes. This finding supports the notion that the TPACK integrated method has a positive inflluence on students ability to write procedure texts.  

This research aims to carry out semantic analysis of technical words in the field of physics. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques include library methods and observation of technical physics words, and semantic analysis using the Big Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI) and physics textbooks.

This article analyzes figurative language in the poem Provide Proven by Robert Frost. Robert Frost is one of the writers who uses various types of figurative language in his work. The purpose of using figurative language in poetry is to emphasize the meaning of the author that he wants to express. Apart from that, it is also used to beautify the sound of poetry. Data was collected from text and analyzed using descriptive-qualitative research. The results of this research show that there are five types Figurative language: metaphor, irony, personification, alliteration.

This study explores the semantic dimensions and symbolic meanings found in Buddhist religious texts by applying a hermeneutic analysis to the concept of dukkha in the Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta. Commonly translated as suffering, dukkha carries broader existential implications, such as dissatisfaction, impermanence, and the inherent unsatisfactory nature of existence. Employing a qualitative hermeneutic approach combined with semantic and semiotic analysis, the research identifies three interconnected layers of meaning within dukkha: the literal level, referring to physical and mental suffering; the contextual level, which reflects the human existential condition; and the spiritual level, where dukkha becomes a gateway toward liberation. The results indicate that a nuanced understanding of the semantic richness of dukkha is crucial for a deeper comprehension of the Four Noble Truths as the core framework of Buddhist doctrine. This study contributes to interdisciplinary discourse among linguistics, religious studies, and Buddhist practice, emphasizing that sacred language functions not only to convey doctrine but also to encourage inner reflection and spiritual transformation.

Through the research activities carried out, students are invited to change their views, so that writing responses becomes a fun learning activity. The aim of the research was to see the effect of using film media on improving response text writing skills. In this activity, the type of research is classroom action research (PTK), then the method used is qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis with the target subject being class VII D students at SMP Negeri 4 Madiun. Based on data sources using primary data obtained from research subjects through initial stage collection techniques of tests, interviews and observations. Checking the validity of the data uses the results of students' grades by considering the increase in learning outcomes in each phase of the cycle starting from the pre-cycle, cycle I and cycle II stages. Analysis of research data carried out qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results of the research show that there is an influence of the use of film media on response text writing skills which has increased starting from the initial pre-cycle results with a percentage of 46.87% up to the first cycle stage showing quite good improvement with a completion percentage of 56.25% and cycle activities. II with a completion score percentage of 84.37% which shows an increase.

Syntactic analysis isn’t only used for the use of structural grammar, but also for explaining the relationship or connection between functions, categories, and roles in the syntactic structure to achieve a correct sentence structure. The purpose of this study is to describe the function, structure, and role of syntax in Bahasa Indonesia Kelas VII Kurikulum Merdeka book. This type of research is included in a qualitative approach with a qualitative descriptive design. The method used in this study is the agih method using reading and note-taking techniques, while the method of presenting data using informal data presentation. The data used is the descriptive text from the Bahasa Indonesia Kelas VII Kurikulum Merdeka book. The results of this study found 30 sentences with various sentence patterns from 4 samples of descriptive text with the most frequently found details being S-P-O syntactic functions, noun-verb-noun syntax categories, and actor-activity-target syntactic roles. Through this research it is hoped that it can provide benefits to readers so that they can deepen their knowledge in the field of syntax, and can be used as reference material and references for further research that is in line with this research.

Fifth grade elementary school teachers are able to determine their students' reading literacy abilities. The aim of the research is to narrate the fifth grade reading literacy skills from the perspective of the fifth grade elementary school teacher. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research. The data collection technique used was interviews. The data analysis technique applied is descriptive qualitative data analysis to discuss research results and determine conclusions. There were 26 fifth grade students who were the subjects of the research. The research results showed that fifth grade students had good reading literacy skills in understanding various fiction and non-fiction texts, although there were three students with special needs who were still having difficulties. There are 26 out of 26 students who regularly borrow and read various books in the library every Friday. Morning literacy and literacy activities every Friday after gymnastics make students' literacy skills better. There were also 23 out of 26 students who were able to understand the content of reading fairy tales, short stories, explanatory texts, math story problems and thematic lesson material. This research can be applied for consideration by teachers in improving the reading literacy skills of fifth grade students.

Fifth grade elementary school teachers are able to determine their students' reading literacy abilities. The aim of the research is to narrate the fifth grade reading literacy skills from the perspective of the fifth grade elementary school teacher. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research. The data collection technique used was interviews. The data analysis technique applied is descriptive qualitative data analysis to discuss research results and determine conclusions. There were 26 fifth grade students who were the subjects of the research. The research results showed that fifth grade students had good reading literacy skills in understanding various fiction and non-fiction texts, although there were three students with special needs who were still having difficulties. There are 26 out of 26 students who regularly borrow and read various books in the library every Friday. Morning literacy and literacy activities every Friday after gymnastics make students' literacy skills better. There were also 23 out of 26 students who were able to understand the content of reading fairy tales, short stories, explanatory texts, math story problems and thematic lesson material. This research can be applied for consideration by teachers in improving the reading literacy skills of fifth grade students.

This research was conducted at Fairfield by Marriott Surabaya in February – June 2024. The focus of this research was to determine the quality of sweet bread. This research uses theories from experts who study sweet bread, sweet bread quality, and organoleptic tests. The method used in this research is a quantitative method with a descriptive approach, using observation techniques with organoleptic tests in terms of volume, crust color, crust texture, pores, moisture, shape, aroma, taste, and level of preference and documentation in the form of a standard recipe. , the process of making and serving sweet bread. The data collection technique used was organoleptic test sheets and documentation, data analysis used was percentage.  The final results of this research show that product quality in terms of volume, 60% of panelists chose to expand 3 times. crust color, as many as 54% of panelists chose brownish yellow, crust texture as many as 60% of panelists chose thin & dry, pores, as many as 40% of panelists chose quite small and uneven, humidity as much as 80% of panelists chose quite moist, the highest form of assessment in the roti boy variant was 73% of the panelists, the highest taste of the roti boy variant was 73% of the panelists, the highest aroma of the shredded variant was 77% of the panelists, and the highest level of preference for the cheese variant was 50% of the panelists. Improvements can be made through the quality of ingredients, manufacturing processes and storage of sweet bread.

An incident that often happens nowadays is that students prefer to play on their cellphones to watch videos. Especially in applications like TikTok which are not specifically for education. Many of the videos on the app are not filtered, so there is a possibility that underage students are watching inappropriate content. Therefore, an understanding of this application is necessary in order to achieve learning objectives. This article aims to provide knowledge about the use of TikTok and YouTube to improve students' speaking skills through the use of these applications. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (PTK) which covers pre-cycle, cycle I and cycle II. There are four research procedures, namely planning, implementation, observation and finally reflection. This research was carried out at SMP Negeri 4 Madiun with research subjects in class VII B which had a total of 32 students. The data analysis technique used is qualitative data. The results of this research contain: 1) the learning outcomes in the Pre-cycle were that class VII B students had a knowledge score of 25% while the attitude score was 12.5%; 2) the learning results in Cycle I of students experienced an increase in the percentage of complete knowledge values ​​by 46% while the attitude values ​​were 50%; 3) learning outcomes in Cycle II experienced a better improvement than the previous stage with a completeness percentage of knowledge scores of 100% and attitude scores reaching 97%.

The Garryaceae family is referred to as one of the Cornaceae groups or dicotyledonous plants. Garrya is an evergreen shrub or small tree that bears male flowers. Garraceae is also a shrub that contains alkaloids. Aucuba japonica or what is often referred to as Japanese Laurel is a shrub with unique colored leaves that have spots. Research on the Garryaceae family is still rare, therefore researchers conducted research on the Garryaceae family, especially on the Aucuba japonica species. This research was conducted to analyze the characteristics of the leaves and stems of Aucuba japonica in the Cibiru District area, Bandung City, especially at the Biological Gardens of UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. This analysis was carried out using exploration methods and literature studies related to Aucuba japonica. The research results showed that there were 37 Aucuba japonica species in the biological garden area of ​​UIN Sunang Gunung Djati Bandung. The characteristic shape of the leaves is oval or elliptical with tapered or blunt tips. The edges of the leaves have a serrated or curved shape with wavy edges. The base of the leaves is round or tapered. The arrangement of the leaves has pinnate veins that branch and spread throughout the leaf blade. the flesh of the leaves is thick and leathery. The surface of the leaves is shiny and smooth, while the stem has woody characteristics (lignosus), the surface of the stem is rough and has a hard texture. Aucuba japonica stems have sympodial branching.

This research was motivated by the students' perceived low ability in learning to write response texts. The purpose of this research is to improve student learning outcomes in learning to write response texts to fiction reading.  Actions were taken by implementing the mobile legend online game hero story text media in learning to write response texts for fiction reading. This research used a Class Action Research (PTK) design which was carried out over 2 cycles. The subjects in this research were students in class VII-I of SMPN 4 Madiun for the 2023-2024 academic year with a total of 32 students, consisting of 16 male students and 16 female students. The data in the research were taken through response text writing skills tests and learning observations. The data obtained was then analyzed using comparative descriptive analysis techniques. The research results showed that the ability to write response texts to fiction reading increased. This is proven by the increase in student learning outcomes from the pre-cycle stage to the second cycle stage. The percentage of students' learning completeness increased successively, namely 33%; 56%; and 83%. The average score obtained by students also increases with each lesson. The average increase in students' grades sequentially in each cycle is 51.25; 65.3; and 80.7

This research aims to utilize Canva learning media to improve learning outcomes for class VII C SMPN 4 Madiun on response text material. This research is a Class Action research (PTK) showing the effectiveness of the Canva media in improving students' learning completion results in the Pre-Cycle, Cycle I and Cycle II phases. It was found that student learning outcomes in diagnostic assessments only reached 3% and 9% increased to 90% when the application of Canva media was combined with a content differentiation and product differentiation approach. The data collection technique uses document analysis in the form of learning results of class VII C students at SMPN 4 Madiun which went through a validity test by the Indonesian language subject teacher. So the use of Canva learning media in response text material has been proven to improve student learning outcomes.

This research aims to explore the hermeneutical thought patterns of the Koran; Prof. Sahiron Syamsuddin uses descriptive qualitative methods with literature analysis. The research results show that the ma'na-cum-maghza hermeneutic method developed by Prof. Sahiron Syamsuddin is a development of various previous interpretive theories with no genuinely new elements. The proposed methodology must be more thorough, and the solutions and proposals are still general and ambiguous. Criticism of classical ulama's thinking is more dominant, and the absence of the word "Hermeneutical Tafsir of the Koran" shows that this method is impractical and can only be applied in a limited way. The implication is that this hermeneutics is unsuitable for studying the Koran because it can cause confusion and doubt. This approach is based on an attitude of skepticism and relativism, which places the Koranic text on par with other texts, resulting in uncertainty in meaning and interpretation that is relative and temporary. The use of the ma'na-cum-maghza hermeneutic method can result in the deconstruction of Islamic laws in the Koran and disrupt the structure of Islamic epistemology.

The location where the research was carried out was SMA Negeri 8 Medan, which is on Jl. Pandau Hulu II, Sampali No. 23 Medan City District, Medan Area, North Sumatra, 20233 This study was carried out in June 2024. Through descriptive research, this study examines students' writing abilities in procedure text material. 34 SMA Negeri 8 Medan class XI students participated in this research. According to the findings of this study, the procedure text's content received an average score of 26.32 out of 100, placing it in the Good category at 75.21 percent. The number then was 825 for the procedural text structure aspect, with an excellent percentage of 80.88 percent and an average score of 24.26. The number is 1001 for the semantic part of procedural texts with a typical score of 29.44 and an excellent level of 84.12%. 2. According to KKM 75, the ability to write procedural texts is demonstrated by the fact that 27 students (79.41 percent) have completed the Indonesian Language KKM and 7 students (20.59 percent) have not completed the Indonesian Language KKM. 3. In view of the examination of achievement rates, the capacity to compose methodology texts of 16 understudies (47.06%) was in the excellent class, trailed by 15 understudies (44.12%) in the great class, 3 individuals (8.82%) in the great class. moderate, 0 understudies (0%), and 0 understudies (0%) in the unfortunate class.

This study aims to identify the length of storage and consumer acceptance of complementary foods, namely chili sauce matah which has been given a percentage of mayonnaise as much as 10%, 20% and 30%. And this fusion food chili sauce is called mayo-matah. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. This research was conducted at Kitcheroo Café. The samples of this study were 4 Culinary Education Expert Panelists and 30 Kitcheroo Cafe Customers using the data statistical analysis method, namely the Friedman test. The Friedmen test is used because the data in this study are categorical and it is more appropriate to use non-parametric statistical tests. seen all aspects (lemongrass aroma, citrus leaf aroma, creamy texture, acidity level and spiciness level) and aspects of the level of preference for consumer acceptance. The results of the validation test stated that there was an influence on the creamy texture aspect and the level of spiciness in the mayo-matah sauce which was given a percentage of mayonnaise as much as 10%, 20%, and 30%.    

Folklore is not only part of a region's cultural heritage, but also carries moral messages that are valuable for character education. One of the folk tales that is rich in artistic values ​​and character education is the legend of Patih Sampun from Pemalang Regency. This article aims to explore and analyze the artistic, cultural and character education values ​​contained in these folk tales. The research method used is analysis of the Patih Sampun folklore text based on aspects of narrative art, character traits and the moral message conveyed. The results of the analysis show that Patih Sampun's folklore contains various artistic values, such as the use of distinctive language, depictions of nature and local culture, as well as interesting plot developments. Apart from that, Patih Sampun's character as the main character shows qualities such as courage, wisdom and loyalty, which is a good example for character formation for the younger generation. The meaning implied in this article includes the importance of using folklore as a learning resource to educate children's character. By understanding the values ​​of art and character education contained in the Patih Sampun folklore, educators can integrate the story into the character education curriculum at school. This will help strengthen local cultural identity and shape strong character and integrity in future generations.

The application of the VARK (Visual, Auditory, Reading/Writing, Kinesthetic) model in classroom management is a strategy that can offer a more inclusive and effective approach to increasing student achievement. This research aims to explore how the use of the VARK model can improve students' learning experiences and academic performance. The research method used is a literature study, involving analysis of various relevant sources regarding the VARK concept and its application in education. The research results show that by understanding various learning preferences, educators can design learning experiences that better suit students' individual needs. Through the application of various learning strategies, such as the use of pictures and diagrams for visual students, group discussions for auditory students, reading and writing assignments for students who prefer to learn through text, as well as practical activities or experiments for kinesthetic students, students can be more involved in learning and gain a deeper understanding. This research also emphasizes the importance of flexibility in teaching, adapting to changes in student learning preferences, and evaluating the effectiveness of the learning strategies used. Although the VARK model has the advantage of providing guidance for inclusive teaching, it is important to remember that students' learning preferences may change and that various factors also influence their academic performance.

Constitution comes from the English Contitution, or the Dutch Contitute, which means basic law. The meaning of constitution in constitutional practice can generally mean that first it is broader than basic law because the meaning of basic law only includes written constitutions in cases still there is an unwritten constitution that is not included in the constitution. Both have the same meaning as the constitution because they only contain written rules. The role of the constitution and the 1945 Constitution in the context of the modern era. The constitution is a document that regulates the structure of government, individual rights, and the relationship between the government and the people. The 1945 Constitution as the Indonesian constitution has a long history and has undergone various changes in adapting to current developments. This article will also discuss the implications of the 1945 Constitution in facing modern challenges such as technology, human rights and globalization. Constitutional research methodology involves a multidisciplinary approach that combines legal, historical, and sociopolitical perspectives. This approach allows for a comprehensive understanding of constitutional principles and their implications in modern times. The study of constitutional law often involves analysis of legal texts, historical context, legal interpretation, and social impact to gain a holistic view of constitutional provisions and their application.