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Academic writing skills are one of the essential aspects of developing students’ academic literacy from the beginning of their university studies. However, most first-year students in the 2025 academic year in the English Department, Faculty of Languages and Literature, Universitas Negeri Makassar, still face difficulties in understanding the structure, language, and ethic of academic writing. This community service aims to improve the academic literacy skills of first-year students through a comprehensive and practical academic writing training program. The implementation methods included several stages, namely pre-test, material presentation, writing exercise, and post-test. The Training materials covered the structure of scientific papers, the use of academic language, paraphrasing techniques, citation ethics, and reference management using reference manager tools. The participants consisted of 40 first-year students who took part in a full-day training session. The results showed a significant improvement in all assessment aspects, with the average score increasing from 56.8 in the pre-test to 83.9 in the post-test. The highest improvement was observed in the accuracy of citation and referencing, which increased by 33.2%. These findings indicate that the training effectively enhanced students’ understanding of systematic and ethical principles of academic writing. Therefore, this activity contributes to strengthening the academic culture and preparing students for academic writing during their studies.

Academic writing skills are one of the essential aspects of developing students’ academic literacy from the beginning of their university studies. However, most first-year students in the 2025 academic year in the English Department, Faculty of Languages and Literature, Universitas Negeri Makassar, still face difficulties in understanding the structure, language, and ethic of academic writing. This community service aims to improve the academic literacy skills of first-year students through a comprehensive and practical academic writing training program. The implementation methods included several stages, namely pre-test, material presentation, writing exercise, and post-test. The Training materials covered the structure of scientific papers, the use of academic language, paraphrasing techniques, citation ethics, and reference management using reference manager tools. The participants consisted of 40 first-year students who took part in a full-day training session. The results showed a significant improvement in all assessment aspects, with the average score increasing from 56.8 in the pre-test to 83.9 in the post-test. The highest improvement was observed in the accuracy of citation and referencing, which increased by 33.2%. These findings indicate that the training effectively enhanced students’ understanding of systematic and ethical principles of academic writing. Therefore, this activity contributes to strengthening the academic culture and preparing students for academic writing during their studies.

This study analyzes the need for training design for accounting vocational teachers using Project Based Learning (PjBL) approach to achieve deep learning through systematic literature review. The gap in teachers' competence in implementing PjBL and the limitations of relevant training designs are major problems in vocational education. This research aims to identify trends, gaps, and needs for developing PjBL-based accounting teacher training designs oriented towards achieving deep learning. The systematic literature review method was employed by analyzing 25 articles from Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases from 2018-2025. The research identified 25 unique articles categorized into three main themes: Deep Learning perspectives (10 articles), Vocational Teacher Training and Development (6 articles), and Project-Based Learning implementation (9 articles). The results show four main trends: (1) increased global adoption of PjBL as an innovative learning method, (2) demands from accounting professional organizations for active learning methods, (3) popularity of deep learning concepts in contemporary educational literature integrated with 21st-century skills, and (4) urgent need for comprehensive teacher training designs. Significant gaps were identified in the limitations of relevant training designs for vocational contexts and lack of systematic training development research. This study concludes that accounting vocational teacher training designs with PjBL approach are urgently needed to bridge the gap between theoretical competence and practical industry applications, with emphasis on achieving holistic deep learning encompassing cognitive, interpersonal, and intrapersonal domains.

The development of digital technologyhas had a significant impact on education and the creative economy. The ability to processvisual designs has become an important skill for the younger generation to face thechallenges of the digital age. This community service activity aims toimprove students' digital design skills and creativity throughCanva training as a practical learning medium. The trainingwas conducted at SMAN 22 Gowa, involving six students from grades X and XI.The implementation method used an interactive workshop approach and hands-on practice(learning by doing) that emphasised project-based learning experiences. The results of the activity showed an increase in students' ability to understandthe basic principles of packaging design, apply visual elements appropriately, andproduce creative and communicative design works. This activity also fostered self-confidence,collaborative spirit, and awareness of the importance of digital literacy. Thus, this training successfully contributed positively to thedevelopment of creative skills and the readiness of students to face the world ofentrepreneurship and technology-based creative industries (Bell, 2010; Guo et al.,2020; Supriyadi, 2023; Wicaksono & Indriani, 2022).

The development of digital technologyhas had a significant impact on education and the creative economy. The ability to processvisual designs has become an important skill for the younger generation to face thechallenges of the digital age. This community service activity aims toimprove students' digital design skills and creativity throughCanva training as a practical learning medium. The trainingwas conducted at SMAN 22 Gowa, involving six students from grades X and XI.The implementation method used an interactive workshop approach and hands-on practice(learning by doing) that emphasised project-based learning experiences. The results of the activity showed an increase in students' ability to understandthe basic principles of packaging design, apply visual elements appropriately, andproduce creative and communicative design works. This activity also fostered self-confidence,collaborative spirit, and awareness of the importance of digital literacy. Thus, this training successfully contributed positively to thedevelopment of creative skills and the readiness of students to face the world ofentrepreneurship and technology-based creative industries (Bell, 2010; Guo et al.,2020; Supriyadi, 2023; Wicaksono & Indriani, 2022).

This study aims to explore the role of digital storytelling (DST) as a 21st-century learning strategy in strengthening character education. The rapid development of digital technology and the growing emphasis on student-centered learning have made DST a relevant pedagogical approach that integrates creativity, critical thinking, collaboration, and communication with values-based education. Using a simple systematic literature review (SLR) approach, this study analyzed eight peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2020 and 2024, obtained from international academic databases Scopus. Thematic content analysis was used to synthesize findings and map the contribution of DST to 21st-century learning competencies and character development. The results identified eight key themes: increased student engagement, improved collaboration and communication, enhanced critical thinking and decision-making, creativity and multimodal expression, self-reflection and identity building, empathy and social awareness, interdisciplinary and authentic learning, and the formation of moral values. These findings support constructivist and experiential learning theories and suggest that DST not only enhances cognitive skills but also facilitates affective and ethical development. The study concludes that DST can be a transformative instructional tool in modern education. Practical implications include integrating DST into curricula across disciplines and levels, and equipping educators with training in digital pedagogy and reflective teaching design. Further research is recommended to explore DST implementation in primary and secondary schools and to evaluate its impact using mixed methods.

This community service program, entitled English for Global Communication: Strengthening Intercultural Competence among Polytechnic Students, was led by Doris Yolanda Saragih, S.Pd., M.Pd., in collaboration with Clementine and Josh, guest lecturers from the United Kingdom. The activity took place at Politeknik Bisnis Indonesia on September 1, 2025, involving 60 students across two interactive learning sessions. The program aimed to enhance students’ ability to communicate effectively in global settings by integrating language proficiency, cultural awareness, and practical communication strategies. The learning process applied a communicative and experiential approach, featuring discussions, simulations, and task-based learning to develop students’ speaking fluency, cross-cultural sensitivity, and confidence. The participation of native English speakers provided authentic exposure to international discourse and cultural perspectives, which enriched the overall learning experience. Evaluation results indicated a significant improvement in students’ oral communication skills, vocabulary use, and intercultural understanding. Furthermore, participants demonstrated higher motivation and readiness to apply English in academic and professional contexts. Overall, this community engagement initiative effectively contributed to enhancing global communication competence and supported the institution’s mission to cultivate globally competitive and culturally aware graduates.

This study discusses the innovation of Arabic language learning strategies based on communicative skills that emphasizes mastery of four main aspects, namely listening (istima'), speaking (kalam), reading (qira'ah), and writing (kitabah). The background of the research departs from the problem that Arabic language learning in many educational institutions is still dominated by traditional approaches that focus on memorization and translation. As a result, students have difficulty in applying Arabic actively and communicatively. This research aims to describe the concept of language skills-based learning, identify effective methods, and analyze obstacles and implementable solutions. Using a qualitative approach with descriptive methods through literature studies, observations, and interviews, this study found that language skills-based approaches are more effective in improving communication skills than traditional methods. Methods such as Direct Method, Communicative Approach, Audio-Lingual Method, and Total Physical Response (TPR) have been proven to be able to increase students' participation and language competence. In addition, the use of digital media and interactive applications strengthens the learning process. However, limited resources, lack of interactive media, and lack of practice time are major challenges. This study concludes that technology integration, improving educator competencies, and preparing a practice-based curriculum are the keys to the success of Arabic language learning that is communicative and relevant to the needs of the modern era.

Internships are believed to be an appropriate way to bridge education with the world of work, or link and match. This study focuses on the effectiveness of internships in higher education. This type of qualitative research takes the form of a case study, which aims to obtain an in-depth exploration of events. Informants were determined using a purposive sampling technique based on certain characteristics deemed relevant to the research objectives, resulting in the involvement of five informants and one key informant. Data collection was obtained through interviews and observations supported by other data. Data analysis was conducted descriptively qualitatively through the stages of reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions, followed by data triangulation. The results of the study indicate that three main indicators task relevance, supervision quality, and institutional support comprehensively explain the conditions experienced by informants. Specifically, internship programs have proven effective in strengthening soft skills such as communication, teamwork, adaptability, and self-confidence; enhancing job readiness through experiences facing real-world challenges and organizational culture; and fostering a professional ethos. Thus, this study provides a theoretical contribution by strengthening the framework for internship effectiveness, as well as a practical contribution in the form of recommendations for universities and industry partners to design internship programs that are more structured, relevant, and aligned with students' fields of study and the needs of the workplace.

Critical thinking is an essential skill in the modern era, characterized by rapid changes in the workplace and the dynamics of daily life. In a time when information is readily accessible and challenges are increasingly complex, individuals are required not only to master technical skills (hard skills), but also to possess the ability to analyze, evaluate, and critically respond to information. These skills are the foundation for making informed, wise, and adaptive decisions. Case studies from various recent news outlets in Indonesia show that many young people, especially Gen Z, still face difficulties entering the workforce due to a lack of soft skills and mental preparedness. This phenomenon is evident in increasing reports of unpreparedness for work pressure, poor communication skills, and a lack of problem-solving skills. Through an analysis of the literature and news reports, this article explores the relationship between critical thinking skills and the real-world challenges faced by Gen Z. Furthermore, it offers practical recommendations for developing critical thinking capacity so that young people can better adapt, improve professional performance, and respond to various issues in daily life more maturely and responsibly.  

This community service research aims to improve the knowledge and skills of Generation Z in Blitar City in organizing funeral prayers according to Islamic law. This activity is motivated by the low understanding of the younger generation regarding the procedures for performing funeral prayers, even though it is part of the fardhu kifayah obligation that should be understood by every Muslim. Through this training activity, it is hoped that Generation Z will have theoretical and practical skills in performing funeral prayers correctly and raise awareness of the importance of social and spiritual responsibility in community life. The method used is Participatory Action Research (PAR) by actively involving participants in two stages of activities, namely providing material on the laws, pillars, and prayers of funeral prayers, as well as direct practice of its implementation guided by competent speakers. The results of the study showed that this training went well and received a positive response from the participants. Based on the results of the pre-test and post-test, there was an average increase in knowledge scores of 42%, which indicates a significant increase in the understanding and skills of participants. Participants were able to explain the pillars, valid conditions, and procedures for funeral prayers correctly. In addition to increasing knowledge, this activity also strengthens religious values, social responsibility, and spiritual awareness among the younger generation. Therefore, this training is effective in shaping a Generation Z that is knowledgeable, moral, and committed to the teachings of Islam in its entirety.

In the midst of the demand to actively publish scientific papers, the ability to design is a significant added value for teachers and lecturers. This report outlines a monograph book layout design training with Canva held for academics at PPMULTINDO. The main purpose of this activity is to provide practical skills so that participants can independently produce professional book layouts. This training uses an interactive workshop method, where participants are guided from the introduction of Canva's features, the application of design principles, to the practice of preparing layout chapters by chapter. As a result, participants demonstrated a significant improvement in their ability to operate Canva for publication design needs. They are able to produce a structured, consistent, and visually appealing layout. Thus, this training has succeeded in becoming a practical solution for academics to efficiently improve the visual quality of their monograph books

Currently, MSMEs (Micro,Small,and Medium enterprises) face significant challenges, including minimal digital literacy,limited access to technology,and the need for appropriate branding strategy formulation to compete in the broadband era. This research is a community service program aimed at strengthening the skills and capacity of MSME actors in Dolok Kahean Village so that they can market their products online and build their brand through digital platforms. The method used is a qualitative-applicative approach focusing on intensive training, education, and assistance (hands-on). The material covered the mastery of basic digital marketing concepts, online brand management, and practical technical assistance in creating and managing social media accounts and e-commerse. The results indicate that the program successfully and effectively overcame digital literacy constraints and instilled awareness about the crucial need for fundamental changes in business mindset and models. Partners have mastered basic digital marketing concepts and were successfully assisted in creating an Instagram account, which tangibly strengthened their practical skills for expanding sales reach. Futhermore, the objective of strengthening branding was achieved, as partners recognize that branding is a vital investment and fundamental strategy for creating a solid foundation for long-term business sustainability. Overall, the implementation of digital marketing strategies proves to be a comprehensive solution that significantly aids the development of MSMEs in responding to the shift in consumer behavior toward online shopping.

This community service activity aims to improve the knowledge and skills of parents and posyandu cadres in utilizing the Webalita application as a web-based educational media for monitoring child growth and development. The main problem faced in the community is the limited access and understanding of digital educational tools that can practically and accurately support early childhood growth monitoring. The program was carried out through training and mentoring activities, which included: (1) socialization on the importance of monitoring child growth and development; (2) training on the use of the Webalita application; and (3) evaluation of participants’ understanding through questionnaires and hands-on practice. The results showed an increase in participants’ knowledge and skills in accessing, operating, and utilizing the Webalita application, with a score of 81.5%. Participants also responded positively to the application as it was considered helpful in providing educational information related to child growth and development. Therefore, this training can serve as a solution to support community health digital literacy through technology-based approaches.

This community service activity aims to improve the knowledge and skills of parents and posyandu cadres in utilizing the Webalita application as a web-based educational media for monitoring child growth and development. The main problem faced in the community is the limited access and understanding of digital educational tools that can practically and accurately support early childhood growth monitoring. The program was carried out through training and mentoring activities, which included: (1) socialization on the importance of monitoring child growth and development; (2) training on the use of the Webalita application; and (3) evaluation of participants’ understanding through questionnaires and hands-on practice. The results showed an increase in participants’ knowledge and skills in accessing, operating, and utilizing the Webalita application, with a score of 81.5%. Participants also responded positively to the application as it was considered helpful in providing educational information related to child growth and development. Therefore, this training can serve as a solution to support community health digital literacy through technology-based approaches.

This study aims to analyze the influence of interpersonal skills (soft skills) and practical skills (hands-on skills) on the work readiness of students at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” East Java in the 2021 academic year. The approach used was quantitative with a survey method through the distribution of questionnaires to 79 respondents. The collected data were analyzed using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) technique. The results of the study indicate that both interpersonal skills and practical skills play an important role in improving students' work ability or work readiness. This finding confirms that mastery of two types of skills, namely technical skills (technical skills) and non-technical skills (non-technical skills), is essential for students to be able to adapt and compete in the world of work. Thus, educational institutions are expected to balance the development of academic aspects and practical skills to prepare graduates who are ready to face professional challenges.

This study aims to determine whether there is an influence of practical activities on students' critical thinking skills and scientific attitudes. The study was conducted in June-July 2025, the method used in this study is quantitative quasi-experimental. Sampling was carried out non-randomly using purposive sampling techniques. The sample of this study was 27 second semester students. The average value of critical thinking skills was 82.22 while the average value of the scientific attitude posttest was 67.48. The average value of critical thinking skills and scientific attitudes was obtained from the calculation of prerequisite tests, namely the normality test and the homogeneity test. Furthermore, a t-test was carried out is using the Paired Samples Test. The results of the Paired Samples Test were 0.000 because the p value <0.05, it can be concluded that there is an influence of discovery learning-based practical activities on students' critical thinking skills and scientific attitudes

The role of technology in revitalizing expository learning strategies in the 21st century. Expository learning strategies are direct teaching methods by teachers with verbal explanations of material, which are effective in conveying factual information but have been criticized for not stimulating critical thinking and not catering to the variety of student learning styles. This study examines how the integration of digital technology and active learning approaches can improve the effectiveness and engagement of students in expository learning. The use of multimedia, digital platforms, and learning management systems (LMS) opens up opportunities for more interactive and collaborative teaching. However, challenges such as unequal access to technology and the management of digital learning must be addressed so that technology can optimally improve the quality of teaching. Curriculum revitalization is also important to align education with industry needs and technological developments, emphasizing the development of practical skills and digital literacy so that graduates are ready to compete in the global job market. This study provides analysis and suggestions for education practitioners to implement more adaptive and effective expository learning strategies in today's digital era.

Training programs are very important for futsal coaches to achieve goals and maximize the team's potential. Through training programs, coaches can design effective training sessions to develop individual and team skills and develop appropriate playing strategies. The main problem faced is a lack of understanding of exercise programs and skills in creating effective exercise programs. This training involved 37 participants and used a structured method, including pretest, education, theoretical and practical training, mentoring, posttest and evaluation.  The aim of the activity is to increase participants' knowledge and skills in designing futsal training programs that are effective and suit the needs of athletes.  The training results showed a significant increase based on pretest and posttest data, the percentage of participants who understood the training program increased from 40.5% to 94.6%. Improving the quality of futsal coaching in Jayapura City is expected to improve athlete performance and advance the development of futsal sports in Jayapura City.

The purpose of this training is to provide understanding, competence and skills for training participants about the utilization of waste from broiler farms (litter) to be used as organic fertilizer, so that it can increase the income of farmers and can reduce negative impacts on the environment. The training method includes lectures, discussion, visits to broiler farm locations and practical work on making organic fertilizer for 30 training participants. Lectures and practical work on making organic fertilizer were carried out at the Animal Production Laboratory of the Animal Husbandry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Pattimura University. The results of the activity showed an increase in understanding of the management of waste from broiler farms to be managed properly. The conclusion of the Community Service Program Training on Making Organic Fertilizer Using Broiler Manure is as follows: This training succeeded in increasing 92,56 percent the knowledge, competence and skills of participants regarding the processing of broiler waste (litter) into quality organic fertilizer; This training provides an effective solution to overcome the problem of broiler waste (litter) accumulation in the livestock environment; This training changed the perspective of training participants on producing and commercializing organic fertilizer, so that it can increase the income of farmers.